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1、英英语运用才干考运用才干考试语法法讲座座谓语动词用用单数的情况数的情况1. and 衔接的两个或三个接的两个或三个单数的主数的主语前前假假设有有every, each, no 修修饰时。Eg. Every man, woman, and girl needs love.Each girl and boy was given a book.No boy and no girl likes it.2. 由由either, neither, each, one, another, anybody, anyone, anything,nothing, nobody, no one, something
2、,everything, everyone 等作主等作主语时。Eg. Everything goes on well. He has two sons. One is a teacher, the other is an engineer.3. many a 和和more than one 等作等作单数数主主语的定的定语时。Eg. Many a student wants to go there. More than one person was killedin the accident.4. 表示表示时间、数目、价、数目、价钱、间隔等的复隔等的复数名数名词作主作主语，作，作为整体整体对待待
3、时。Eg. Four hours is enough to do the experiment. Twenty years is a long time. Ten dollars is too much to pay for that shirt. Thirty feet is long enough.5. 有些名有些名词以以-s结尾，如：尾，如：maths, physics, politics , news,等学科名等学科名词，笼统名名词，专有名有名词如：如：the UnitedStates, the United Nation等等作主作主语时。Eg. The United States w
4、as founded in 1776. Physics is very interesting. Weall like it.6. 单个的个的动名名词、不定式、主、不定式、主语从句作从句作主主语时。Eg. Driving a car is not so easy. To get up early is hard for me.假假设and 衔接两个接两个动名名词、不定式短、不定式短语或或主主语从句表示两个不同概念从句表示两个不同概念时，谓语用用复数。复数。Eg. Riding on the elephants and rowing the boats were the childrens fa
5、vorite games.7. 假设假设and 衔接的两个词是指同一个人、衔接的两个词是指同一个人、同一个事物或同一概念，那么两个名词共用同一个事物或同一概念，那么两个名词共用一个冠词，一个冠词， 谓语动词必需用单数。谓语动词必需用单数。Eg. The teacher and writer is her friend. The singer and dancer is to attend the party.8. and衔接的两个名接的两个名词表示表示组合在一同合在一同的一个整体或成套的的一个整体或成套的东西，西， 假假设需求冠需求冠词，那么只能在第一个名那么只能在第一个名词前加前加a/ an
6、 /the，作主作主语时，谓语动词用用单数。数。常作常作为一个整体概念一个整体概念对待的待的组合有：合有：bread and butter 黄油面包黄油面包bread and cheese 涂奶酪的面包涂奶酪的面包a knife and fork 一副刀叉一副刀叉a watch and chain 一只系有表带的手表一只系有表带的手表a cart and horse 一辆马车一辆马车a cup and saucer 带茶托的茶杯带茶托的茶杯needle and thread 针线针线law and order 法律和次序法律和次序9.当当one of, a portion of, a seri
7、es of,a species of, a chain of 构造作主构造作主语时，谓语动词要用要用单数方式。数方式。1) One of those students have not passed the examination. have has2) A series of pre-recorded tapes has been prepared for language laboratory use.谓语动词用复数的情况用复数的情况1. 表示成双成套的名表示成双成套的名词，如：，如：trousers,shoes, glasses, compasses, socks,gloves, clo
8、thes等作主等作主语时。Eg. His black trousers are much too long.Your glasses are right on your nose.Clothes keep people warm.Eg. Three pairs of socks have beenbought within a week. This pair of compasses was bought in . A pair of teenage boys were smoking cigarettes.2. 有些名有些名词本身表示复数意本身表示复数意义，其，其谓语动词要用复数。如：要用复
9、数。如：people, cattle, police, goods.Eg. People are talking about it everywhere. Cattle feed on grass. All the goods have arrived. 3. the majority of+复数名复数名词以及以及large quantities of + 不可数名不可数名词/可可可数名可数名词的复数的复数 作主作主语时。Eg. The majority of boys like football.Large quantities of food were wasted.4. 主主语由由and
10、 或或 bothand 衔接，接，谓语用复数。用复数。Eg. Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop. My friend and my lawyer have caught a bad cold. The writer and the educator have visited our school.就近原那么就近原那么由由连词or, neithernor, eitheror, not only but also等等衔接的并列接的并列主主语，谓语动词的的单复数方式按就近复数方式按就近一致的原那么，与一致的原那么，与贴近它的主近它的主语一致。一
11、致。例如：例如： 1) Either he or you like playing football. 2) Either you or he likes playing football. 在在there be 的构造中，谓语动词的单复的构造中，谓语动词的单复数方式普通也采取就近一致原那么。例如：数方式普通也采取就近一致原那么。例如： 1)There is a speaker and many students in Room A209. 2) There are many students and a speaker in Room A209. 其他情况其他情况1. 假假设主主语后面跟有后
12、面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, in addition to, rather than, like, but,except, including, besides等等词引引导的短的短语时，谓语动词根据主根据主语的的单复复数而定。数而定。Eg. 1.The teacher as well as the students was excited. 2.The beautiful girl as well as the other American young men, prefers renting apartment to livi
13、ng at home. 3. The room with its furniturewas rented.2. 由由“some of, plenty of, a lot of, most of, the rest of, all of, half of, part of或分数、百分数或分数、百分数+of+名名词 等短等短语作主作主语时， 谓语动词的数常与的数常与of后的名后的名词坚持一致。持一致。Eg. Lots of the money has been wasted. Part of the apple is rotten. The rest of the apples belong to
14、 you.3. 在“one of + 复数名词定语从句的构造中，定语从句普通被看作是修饰该复数名词的，动词要用复数方式。 在“the one of + 复数名词定语从句的构造中，定语从句修饰的是“the only one，因此动词要用单数方式。1)She is one of the engineers who are good at English. 2) She is the only one of the engineers who are good at English. 2) are is the engineers the only one of the engineers4. th
15、e + 描画描画词作主作主语时，如主，如主语指的指的是一是一类人，人，谓语动词用复数方式；假用复数方式；假设指的是指的是单个人或个人或笼统概念，概念，谓语动词用用单数方式。例如：数方式。例如： 1) The blind are taught trades in special schools. 2) The departed was a good friend of his. (死者是他的一个朋友。死者是他的一个朋友。) 5.有些集合名有些集合名词如如crowd, family, team, orchestra管弦管弦乐队, group,government, committee, class
16、, crew, school, union, firm, staff, public等，等，它它们作主作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据言的数要根据言语内容而定。假内容而定。假设它它们作作为一个集体一个集体单位位时,动词用用单数方式，如就其中的各个成数方式，如就其中的各个成员来来说，那么，那么谓语用复数方式。例如：用复数方式。例如： 1His family is going to move. 2His family are healthy. 练习1. _ of the land in that district_ covered with trees and grass.Two fifthis B.
17、 Two fifthareC. Two fifthsis D. Two fifthsare2. A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift.is offered B. has offeredC. are offered D. have offered3. A professor and writer _ present at the meeting last Friday.have been B. wasC. were D. is4.My family, together with some of his old f
18、riends, _ there already.will be B. had beenC. have been D. has been5. No one except two girls _(be)late for dinner last night.6.Two hours _ the limit of thistest. are B. has been C. have been D. iswas7. Either dye or oil paints _(use) to color cloth.8. He is one of the boys who always_ well at school.does B. didC. do D. doneare used9. Large quantities of water_ needed in cooling tower.is B. are C. has D. have10. More than seventy percent of the students here _ from the countryside. is B. are C. came. D. have comeGood LuckWhere there is a will, there is a way!
