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1、L/O/G/OChapter 1Computer Hardware (2)Requirements:1. Terms of computer hardware2. Simulated Writing: Commercial Letters (1)3. Listening and Speaking: InquiryCommercial Letters: Structure and LayoutSample 1, 2, 3, 4Oral work123Part 2 Simulated Writing: Commercial Letters (1)Part 3 Listening and Speak
2、ing: InquiryPart 2 Simulated WritingCommercial Letters (1)现代商务信函主要包含：信头（信头（Letterhead）、日期）、日期（Date）、信内、信内地址地址（Inside Address）、收件人、收件人（ Attention ）、称呼、称呼（Salutation）、主题、主题（Subject or Reference）、正文、正文（Body）、客套结语客套结语（Complimentary Close）、署名、署名（Signature）；有的信件还包括：附件；有的信件还包括：附件（Enclosure）、附言、附言（Postscrip
3、t）、副、副本抄送本抄送（c.c. Carbon Copy）等。如下图所等。如下图所示示 Layout LetterheadDateInside Address AttentionSalutationSubject or ReferenceBodyComplimentary Close SignatureEnclosurePostscriptc.c. Carbon Copy商务书信英文商务书信的权威认为：一封好而有效英文商务书信的权威认为：一封好而有效的商务信件，一定要简单、扼要的商务信件，一定要简单、扼要使使用简短的句子，避名冗长、复杂的语句用简短的句子，避名冗长、复杂的语句和段落，把要讲的
4、话有趣而完整地写出和段落，把要讲的话有趣而完整地写出来。现在的时代，要写一封好而有效的来。现在的时代，要写一封好而有效的商务信件，比以往任何时候都更为需要，商务信件，比以往任何时候都更为需要，许多的商业都是靠信件往返交易的。本许多的商业都是靠信件往返交易的。本课主要讨论推销、讨价还价、催款信等课主要讨论推销、讨价还价、催款信等商务信件。商务信件。Three writing styles三种书写格式三种书写格式缩进式缩进式（Indented Style）每段开头缩进每段开头缩进4个字母个字母地址和姓名需要分行地址和姓名需要分行后行比前行缩进后行比前行缩进 2-3个字母个字母齐头式齐头式 (Blo
5、ck Style)信头除外，每行信头除外，每行都从最左边开都从最左边开始，成一垂线始，成一垂线修正式修正式(Modified Style)整体布局与缩进式整体布局与缩进式相似，不同之处在相似，不同之处在于每段开头不缩进于每段开头不缩进字母字母 商务知识补充商务知识补充付款方式：付款方式：1、信用证（、信用证（Letter of Credit) L/C信用证是国际贸易中最方便和最安全的付款方信用证是国际贸易中最方便和最安全的付款方式。式。不可撤消信用证不可撤消信用证 irrevocable L/C 不可转让信用证不可转让信用证 non-transferable L/C即期信用证即期信用证 sig
6、ht L/C远期信用证远期信用证 usance（法）（法） L/C2、托收、托收 （ collection)托收是出口人委托银行向进口托收是出口人委托银行向进口人收款的一种方法。人收款的一种方法。D/P 付款交单付款交单 document against paymentD/A 承兑交单承兑交单 document against acceptance3、 汇付汇付 （ remittance)T/T 电汇电汇 telegraphic transferM/T 信汇信汇 mail transfer D/D 票汇票汇 demand draft价格术语：价格术语：1、 离岸价离岸价 FOB free on
7、 board 装运港船上交货装运港船上交货2、到岸价、到岸价CIF cost, insurance and freight 成本，保险加运费成本，保险加运费CFR cost and freight 成本加运费成本加运费国际贸易流程国际贸易流程国际贸易按其流程一共分为四个重要国际贸易按其流程一共分为四个重要的环节。的环节。询盘（询价信）询盘（询价信） 报盘（报价信）报盘（报价信） 还盘还盘 接受接受 （订购信）（订购信）Inquiry - offer- counter-offer- acceptance询盘（询价信）询盘（询价信）InquiryStep 1 Step 1 信息渠道信息渠道 As
8、we have learned from., your are manufactures of . 我们从我们从-得知贵方是得知贵方是-的生产商。的生产商。Your firm has been recommended to us by .,with whom we have done business for many years. 经与我公司从事多年贸易的经与我公司从事多年贸易的-的推荐。的推荐。Step 2 原因原因We are interested in. 我们对我们对-感兴趣。感兴趣。We have a considerable demand here for. 我们这里对我们这里对-
9、大量需求。大量需求。Step 3 要求要求Please send your current/latest catalogue/price list/samples. 请寄给我们最新的商品目录，价格清单和样品。请寄给我们最新的商品目录，价格清单和样品。Please quote your price gross/net/FOB(离岸价离岸价). Please quote your best/most competitive/lowest price. Your attention will be highly appreciated.如蒙关照，不胜感激。如蒙关照，不胜感激。报盘（报价信）报盘（报价
10、信） OfferStep 1 感谢感谢We thank you for your inquiry of. We were pleased to note from your letter of.that you are interested in. 感谢你感谢你*月月*日的询盘。日的询盘。我们很高兴的从贵方我们很高兴的从贵方*月月*日的来信得知，贵方对日的来信得知，贵方对感兴趣。感兴趣。Step 2 回复回复Wearepleasedtoencloseourpricelistandtermsofpaymentforyourconsideration. 我们很高兴随函附上我方价格清单以及付我们很高
11、兴随函附上我方价格清单以及付款条件，以供参考。款条件，以供参考。Thisisthelowestpricewequoted.Wewouldlikepaymentbyirrevocableletterofcredit.买的越多，折扣越大。买的越多，折扣越大。The more you buy, the bigger discount you will enjoy.Step 3Your attention will be highly appreciated.Part 2 Simulated WritingCheckyourunderstandingSampleReading11.WhoistheMa
12、rketingManagerofJustinBoxLtd.2.Inwhichnewspaperwerethemonitorsadvertised?3.WhatdoesMr.Bowenaskfor?S. Bowen.The Times of Jan. 24, 1998 The full details, prices and samples of the monitorsPart 2 Simulated WritingCheckyourunderstandingSampleReading21.WhoisMarkHardy?2.WhowrotetheletterofJan.25?3.Whatwas
13、enclosedwiththeletter?Sales Manager of Manhattan-Windsor CompanyMr.Bowen,MarketingManagerofJustinBoxLtd.A copy of new brochure and a price list of Manhattan-Windsor.Part 2 Simulated WritingCheckyourunderstandingSampleReading31.Whatdoes“their”inparagraph2referto?2.HowwillRedwayspayforthemonitors?3.Wh
14、atistheChinesemeaningfor“pro-formainvoice”?The samplesBy Letter of Credit.形式发票形式发票Part 3 Listening and Speaking Inquiry1.Askthestudentstoreaddialogue1-4andactout.2.NotesCIF(Cost,Insurance,Freight)到岸价FOB(FreeonBoard)离岸价ordersheet订单SalesDepartment销售部Shekou蛇口港trialorder试销订单Useful Expressions and Patter
15、ns1. May I have/keep a catalogue and a price list?2. Have you found any goods which interest you?3. Is it possible to place this product on your market?4. What products would you like this time?5. We are particularly keen onUseful Expressions and Patterns6. We have great interest in/We are particula
16、rly interested in7. We are prepared to have a trial sale in our market.8. These products are highly reputed for their quality and design.9. It has been highly praised and appreciated by public consumers.Useful Expressions and Patterns10. These products have/enjoy a ready market.11. The product is ve
17、ry popular and in great demand.12. We have plenty of these models available for export.Useful Expressions and Patterns13. We are making efforts to enlarge our production.14. Thank you for your inquiry, but the goods now are out of stock.15. Well contact you again when we are in a better position to
18、supply.TaskforDialogue1What is Mr. Fabian interested in?The new monitor and keyboard No. 135.TaskforDialogue2What are the advantages of the monitors?The shapes are unusual and attractive. They have high resolution and definition as well.TaskforDialogue3What is the deadline of delivering the goods?No
19、vember 1.TaskforDialogue4Why cant Miss Green place an order for Wentian business computer now?Because this product is in great demand and they have been flooded with orders.Oral Work1.Role-playthesampledialogues2.Completethefollowingdialoguebyfillinginthecorrespondingsentencenumberslistedbelow.3.Com
20、pletethefollowingdialoguesbytranslatingtheChineseintoEnglishorally.4.Learntocommunicateinthegivensituation.(refpage15-16)1 What are you interested?Could you give me an introduction to them?The products enjoy a ready market.Exe 3 P152 Your first visit to China Hi-tech fair?May I know what you are int
21、erested in?I hope you will give me your best offer.Exe 3 P15四级考试备考策略四、六级考试各部分测试内容、题型、时间和所占比例四、六级考试各部分测试内容、题型、时间和所占比例一、写作一）一）评分原则1. 总体评分法2. 兼顾内容与语言3. 定档给分（2, 5, 8, 10, 11, 14)二）答题启示1. 注意文章的给读者的第一印象2. 注重文章内容的丰富性3. 注重文章中语言的准确性和连贯性一、写作三）历年真题三）历年真题1995.01-论说文：论说文：Can Money Buy Happiness?1995.06-说明文：说明文：A
22、dvantages of a Job Interview1996.01-说明文：说明文：The Two Way Weekend1996.06-说明文：说明文：Global Shortage of Fresh Water1997.01-说明文：说明文：Practice Makes Perfect1997.06-说明文：说明文：Getting to Know the Outside of the campus1998.01-说明文：说明文：Harmfulness of Fake Commodities1998.06-论说文：论说文：Do Lucky Numbers Bring Good Luck?
23、1999.01-说明文：说明文：Dont Hesitate to Say “No”一、写作三）历年真题三）历年真题1999.06-论说文：论说文：Reading Extensively or Intensively2000.01-说明文：说明文：How I Finance My College Education2000.06-论说文：论说文：Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary2001.01-说明文：说明文：How to Succeed in a Job Interview2001.06-应用文：应用文：A Letter to a Schoolmate2
24、002.01-应用文：应用文：A Letter to the University President About the Canteen Service on the Campus2002.06-说明文：说明文：Student Use of Computers(图表图表)一、写作三）历年真题三）历年真题2003.01 -说明文：说明文：It Pays to be Honest(阐述阐述)2003.06 -说明文：说明文：An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident(描写与分析描写与分析)2004.01 -应用文：应用文：A Letter in Re
25、ply to a Friend2004.06 -应用文：应用文：A Brief Introduction to A Tourist Attraction(导游词导游词)2005.01 -应用文：应用文：A Campaign Speech(演讲词演讲词)2005.06 -叙议文：叙议文：An Incident2005.12 -论说文：论说文：Should the University Campus be Open to Tourists?2006.06-应用文：应用文： Write a Poster Recruiting Volunteers2006.12-议论文：议论文：Spring Fest
26、ival Gala on CCTV2007.06应用文：应用文：Welcome to our club(欢迎词欢迎词)2007.12论说文：论说文：Electives to choose2008.06论说文：论说文：Recreational Activities一、写作三）历年真题三）历年真题2005.12 -论说文：论说文：Should the University Campus be Open to Tourists? Part V Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to w
27、rite a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? You should write at Least 120 words following the outline given below : 1名校校园正成为旅游新热点名校校园正成为旅游新热点 2校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同 3我认为我认为 Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?一、写作三）历年真题三）历年真题2006.06-应用文：应用文
28、： Write a Poster Recruiting Volunteers Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a poster recruiting volunteers. You should write at Least 120 words following the outline given below :1校学生会将组织一次暑假志愿者活动，现招校学生会将组织一次暑假志愿者活动，现招募志愿者募志愿者2本次志愿者活动的目的、活动安排等本次志愿者活动的目的、活动安排等3报名条件及联系方式报名条件及
29、联系方式 Volunteers Needed三）历年真题三）历年真题2006.12-议论文：议论文：Spring Festival Gala on CCTVDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Spring Festival Gala on CCTV. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会2. 但有
30、些人提出取消春节晚会但有些人提出取消春节晚会3. 我的看法我的看法一、写作一、写作2006.12-议论文范文: Spring Festival Gala on CCTVThe approach of the Chinese Lunar New Year poses a national issue concerning the necessity of holding the CCTV Spring Festival Gala. Its established status is being challenged by a growing number of people, especiall
31、y by younger generations. It is increasing difficult to cater for all tastes.一、写作2006.12-议论文范文: Spring Festival Gala on CCTV Some individuals deem that it should be cancelled or replaced by other programs. These young people focus their attention on other forms of celebration instead if immersing th
32、emselves in TV. Despite that, the majority of middle-aged people and senior citizens uphold the importance of the traditional performance. The most striking feature of this gala is its traditionally close link with ordinary peoples lives. Most of people view this gala as an annual staple on the Eve
33、of this traditional Chinese Spring Festival. They all have a restless night and glue their eyes on the television.一、写作2006.12-议论文范文: Spring Festival Gala on CCTVI am not supportive of the view that the grand gala should be abandoned. Undoubtedly, it plays a vital role in the celebration of the Chine
34、se New Year. To increase its appeal and meet the needs of the young adults, CCTV should come up with programs to make this event more remarkable.2007.06-应用文：应用文：An Announcement to Welcome Students to Join a Club(演讲告示演讲告示)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an announcement
35、to welcome students to join a club. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1. 本社团的主要活动内容本社团的主要活动内容2. 参加本社团的好处参加本社团的好处3. 任何加入本社团任何加入本社团一、写作一、写作范文范文(2007.06-应用文：演讲稿应用文：演讲稿) ：Welcome to Our ClubThe Speech Club is organizing school-wide speech training and contests to be h
36、eld on each Saturday at the Students Recreational Center. Five prestigious experts and professors will be invited to be speech lecturers and contests judges. For each speech contest, the first six winners will be given awards.一、写作范文范文(2007.06-应用文：演讲稿应用文：演讲稿) ：Welcome to Our ClubAttending our club ha
37、s substantial advantages. Firstly, it can improve your ability to deliver a speech which is of utmost significance to your future career and development. Secondly, it can help you to possess self-confidence, enrich your extra-curricula activities and make your campus life colorful. To sum up, the ex
38、periences in our club will be extraordinarily unforgettable throughout your life.一、写作范文范文(2007.06-应用文：演讲稿应用文：演讲稿) ：Welcome to Our ClubStudents who are interested in taking part in the club may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next week (Dec. 26). Everybody is welcome to a mem
39、ber of our club. 一、写作论说文：（论说文：（2007-12）What electives to choose1、各大学开设了各种各样的选修课、各大学开设了各种各样的选修课2、学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课、学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课3、以你自己为例、以你自己为例 一、写作论说文：论说文：Selecting Courses（2007-12）Recently, people in growing numbers show their concern about selecting courses. In some colleges, students are perm
40、itted to pick out their courses professors freely. The reasons are listed as follows:一、写作论说文：论说文：Selecting Courses（2007-12）In the first place, students can choose the teacher according to their interests, which will be helpful for their future careers. Besides, selecting courses can reduce the rate
41、of students absence indirectly for students usually choose their favorite teachers.一、写作论说文：论说文：Selecting Courses（2007-12）As far as I am concerned, every coin has two sides. On the one hand, students may learn the course better, because they may choose the professor they liked. On the other hand, if
42、the professor who is very popular and a great number of students would like to attend his/her course, the classroom must be overcrowded. It will have a bad impact on the class.一、写作论说文：论说文：Recreational Activities(2008.06)In the era of information and technology, there are all kinds of recreational ac
43、tivities. Some people think those recreational activities are great and necessary, because they can help people relax from the hard work and study. Some of the activities, such as hiking, jogging, can help people relax physically; while some of them, such as surfing the Internet, can help people rel
44、ax mentally.一、写作论说文：论说文：Recreational Activities(2008.06)However, some people think that so many kinds of recreational activities may have a bad effect on our lives. Some people may not resist some temptations from those activities, and indulge themselves in those activities. At last they are lured a
45、way from their study or their work.一、写作论说文：论说文：Recreational Activities(2008.06)In my opinion, we should pay more attention to the advantages of various recreational activities and make the most of them. Meanwhile, we should learn how to use those activities positively, and make them a helpful tool f
46、or our development.四）命题趋势四）命题趋势：2001年年1月以前：月以前：说明文、论说文为主，少有应用文说明文、论说文为主，少有应用文2001年年6月月-2007年年6月：月：应用文为主（书信、演讲词、海报告示）应用文为主（书信、演讲词、海报告示）说明文、论说文、记叙文为辅说明文、论说文、记叙文为辅2007年年12月以来及未来趋势：月以来及未来趋势：时效性强的论说文、与学生生活及未来就时效性强的论说文、与学生生活及未来就业有关的应用文（如求职函、投诉函及对投业有关的应用文（如求职函、投诉函及对投诉函的回信等）诉函的回信等）一、写作五）写作策略：五）写作策略：1) 1) 认真
47、审题认真审题审请题目、关键词、段首句、题纲、提示、审请题目、关键词、段首句、题纲、提示、图表；确定主题、明确范围、选定素材、图表；确定主题、明确范围、选定素材、抓住重点；抓住重点；2) 2) 列出提纲、深刻思考、打好腹稿、抓列出提纲、深刻思考、打好腹稿、抓住要点、准备例证住要点、准备例证3) 3) 正确表达正确表达选择正确的文体与格式；选择准确地道的选择正确的文体与格式；选择准确地道的表达方式：句型多样化；上下文逻辑连表达方式：句型多样化；上下文逻辑连贯；语法、拼写、措辞准确多变；贯；语法、拼写、措辞准确多变；4) 4) 修改校对：语法、拼写、标点、措辞修改校对：语法、拼写、标点、措辞5) 5
48、) 把握时间：把握时间：1)1)、2)2)步：步：3-53-5分钟分钟; ; 3)3)步：步：20-2520-25分钟；分钟；4)4)步：步：3-53-5分钟分钟一、写作五）写作策略五）写作策略1. 段首句作文段首句作文 （即主题句作文（即主题句作文 ） 应对策略应对策略:-确定主题和中心；确定主题和中心；-审清题目和所给段首句；审清题目和所给段首句；-写好扩展句，句子语言正确，句型多样化；写好扩展句，句子语言正确，句型多样化；-提供具体例证（即次要扩展句）说明主题句，提供具体例证（即次要扩展句）说明主题句， 避免空洞无物论点；避免空洞无物论点； -句与句、段与段之间的过渡和照应句与句、段与段
49、之间的过渡和照应 （启呈转合）；（启呈转合）；-段落首尾及文章首尾的呼应。段落首尾及文章首尾的呼应。一、写作五）写作策略五）写作策略2. 标题与提纲作文（中或英文提纲，问题式提纲）标题与提纲作文（中或英文提纲，问题式提纲）应对策略：应对策略： -理解题目与提纲中所提供的信息；理解题目与提纲中所提供的信息； -确定文章题材；确定文章题材； -利用提纲中提供的信息并搜罗更多有关素材；利用提纲中提供的信息并搜罗更多有关素材； -围绕题目发展、充实提纲；围绕题目发展、充实提纲； -写作时切勿照搬抄译写作时切勿照搬抄译 要整体安排；要整体安排； （参考段首句作文的写作对策）（参考段首句作文的写作对策）一
50、、写作五）写作策略五）写作策略3. 图表说明文（图片与图表）图表说明文（图片与图表） 应对策略：应对策略：写好标题写好标题第一段：描述图表（忌流水帐，利用比较典型第一段：描述图表（忌流水帐，利用比较典型的数据的数据或例子）或例子）第二段：分析因果第二段：分析因果第三段：做出结论与预测发展趋势，或得出启第三段：做出结论与预测发展趋势，或得出启示、提出建议或解决方法示、提出建议或解决方法 牢记图表作文常用的表达方式！牢记图表作文常用的表达方式！一、写作五）写作策略五）写作策略 4. 议论文议论文（argumentation）应对策略应对策略： -着重发表自己看法、用自己的论点来劝着重发表自己看法、
51、用自己的论点来劝说、影响和说服读者；说、影响和说服读者； -三段式三段式 提出问题、分析问题（用充分的论据来提出问题、分析问题（用充分的论据来论证自己的观点）、得出结论；论证自己的观点）、得出结论； -观点要鲜明观点要鲜明 理论事实有力充分理论事实有力充分 逻辑性强（做好启、承、转、合）逻辑性强（做好启、承、转、合） 用词用句恰当明确用词用句恰当明确一、写作五）写作策略五）写作策略5. . 应用文写作书信：应用文写作书信：注意文体格式及语言特点注意文体格式及语言特点注意信封的写法注意信封的写法注意信内格式注意信内格式信头信头 ( (Letter head writers name and ad
52、dress)日期日期 (Date)封内地址封内地址 (Addressees address)开头称呼语开头称呼语 (Salutation)正文正文 (Body)结束敬语结束敬语 (Complimentary close)署名署名 (Signature)一、写作一、写作五）写作策略五）写作策略ALetterofJobApplicationMr. Jim Wang June 10, 2008 105 Xingang Road （West）Guangzhou, 510275Dear Mr. Wang, I noted with interest your advertisement for a PR
53、 manager in todays China Daily. 一、写作五）写作策略五）写作策略ALetterofJobApplicationYou will see from the enclosed curriculum vitae that I am majoring in PR science at Sunday Yat-sen University and have won prizes in three consecutive years. You may also see that I had three months experience as assistant to aPR
54、 manager when I was a trainer clerk at a travel agency. My responsibilities there included all types of secretarial work, arranging and attending presentations, working with clients, solving problems that arose, and dealing with company affairs in the place of the manager when he was away. 一、写作五）写作策
55、略五）写作策略ALetterofJobApplication Although the school has promised me a teaching post after my graduation and I can do a good job of teaching, I feel that my prospects with the school would be limited and that there would be more scope for my talents with a more challenging and dynamic company. If you
56、consider that my qualifications and experience are suitable, I should be available for interview at any time. Yours sincerely, (Signature) Encl.: curriculum vitae一、写作五）写作策略五）写作策略如何获得作文高分？如何获得作文高分？1) 1) 熟悉各种文体的写法，每种文体背诵熟悉各种文体的写法，每种文体背诵2-32-3篇篇范文，考范文，考 试时可灵活套用；试时可灵活套用；2) 2) 掌握足够句型，灵活套用掌握足够句型，灵活套用, ,写好
57、文章及段落写好文章及段落的开头和结尾；的开头和结尾；3) 3) 每个主题句后应不少于每个主题句后应不少于3 3个扩展句个扩展句( (个别还需个别还需次要扩次要扩 展句展句););4) 4) 注意扩展句（例证）、扩展段与主题（句）注意扩展句（例证）、扩展段与主题（句）的一致性；的一致性；一、写作五）写作策略五）写作策略如何获得作文高分？如何获得作文高分？5) 5) 注意句与句、段与段之间的连贯性；注意句与句、段与段之间的连贯性；6) 6) 注意文章的外部结构；字数不少于注意文章的外部结构；字数不少于120120词，词，文章一定要分为文章一定要分为3-43-4个段落（引言、发展、个段落（引言、发展、总结），不可糅杂成一个单一的段落；总结），不可糅杂成一个单一的段落；7) 7) 规划时间，准时交卷；规划时间，准时交卷；8) 8) 卷面工整、书法规范、整洁美观。卷面工整、书法规范、整洁美观。L/O/G/OThank You!
