高考英语一轮复习 Unit2 The environment 牛津译林必修5

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1、重点重点单词单词1range (ranges / ranged / ranged / ranging)n排，行；排，行；(变变化等的化等的) 幅度；幅度；级别级别，等，等级级vi.& vt.排列；排列；(在一定范在一定范围围内内) 变动变动，变变化化同同/ 近义词：近义词：run / reach温馨提示：温馨提示： arrange，arrangement都是以都是以 range 为词为词根根必记搭配：必记搭配：range from.to 在在范围内变化范围内变化range between.and.在在范围内变化范围内变化range over 范围涉及到范围涉及到within / in the

2、range of 在在范围内；在范围内；在射程内射程内beyond / out of the range of. 超过超过的范围的范围in range with 和和并列并列 2absorb (absorbs / absorbed / absorbed / absorbing)vt.吸收；吸收； 汲取，汲取， 理解理解(知识等知识等)；使全神贯注；使全神贯注同同/ 近义词：近义词：take in / understand温馨提示：温馨提示： absorb做动词，后面接宾语；做动词，后面接宾语；be absorbed in表表示状态，意思为示状态，意思为“专心致志于专心致志于”，相当于，相当于b

3、e lost in / be devoted to。必记搭配：必记搭配：absorb ones attention吸引某人注意力吸引某人注意力be absorbed in. 被被吸引住，全神贯注，吸引住，全神贯注，专心致志于专心致志于be absorbed by 被被吞并，为吞并，为所吸收所吸收 3appreciate (appreciates / appreciated / appreciated / appreciating)vt.欣赏，欣赏， 赏识；赏识； 感激；领会，领略感激；领会，领略Your effort to save the primary school will be app

4、reciated by the villagers.I appreciate staying with you on such a sunny day.温馨提示：温馨提示： appreciate后常跟名词或后常跟名词或ving分词，接分词，接ving 分词时，可以有自己的逻辑主语；也可用分词时，可以有自己的逻辑主语；也可用于被动语态，但不能用于进行时态。于被动语态，但不能用于进行时态。必记搭配：必记搭配：appreciate (ones) doing sth 感激某人做感激某人做appreciate sb 赏识某人赏识某人Id appreciate it if 如果如果将不胜感激将不胜感激in

5、 appreciation of 为了感谢为了感谢 4concern (concerns / concerned / concerned / concerning)vt.& vi.使与使与有关，使担心；涉及，有关；有关，使担心；涉及，有关；从事，参与从事，参与n关心，忧虑关心，忧虑同同/ 近义词：近义词：care / worry / fear温馨提示：温馨提示： concerned 常可直接当作形容词，在句中表示常可直接当作形容词，在句中表示“关心的关心的/担心的担心的”，用于名词后时，则表示，用于名词后时，则表示“有有关的关的”；而；而concerning则为介词，表示则为介词，表示“关于关

6、于”。必记搭配：必记搭配：as / so far as.be concerned 关于；至于；就关于；至于；就而言而言be concerned about 关心关心；担心；担心be concerned over / at sth 为某事忧虑为某事忧虑be concerned with 牵涉到，与牵涉到，与有关，参与有关，参与concern oneself with sth 忙于；从事；关心，忙于；从事；关心，关切关切everyday concerns 日常事务日常事务with concern 关切地关切地as concerns 关于关于(concerning)5impress (impress

7、es / impressed / impressed / impressing)vt.印，盖印；留下印象印，盖印；留下印象同同/ 近义词：近义词：affect / move / print温馨提示：温馨提示： impress常用作及物动词，只跟简单宾语。常用作及物动词，只跟简单宾语。impression n印象印象impressive adj.令人印象深刻的令人印象深刻的impressment n强行征用强行征用必记搭配：必记搭配：impress sb with sth 给某人深刻印象给某人深刻印象be impressed by / with 被深深打动被深深打动(感动感动)impress s

8、th on (upon) sb 使某人铭记使某人铭记，使，使某人印象深刻某人印象深刻impress sth in(on) ones memory / mind 某事深某事深深印在脑海里深印在脑海里sth is impressed in(on) ones memory / mind 某某事深深印在脑海里事深深印在脑海里make / leave / create an impression on sb 给给留下印象留下印象give sb an impression 给给留下印象留下印象 6credit (credits / credited / credited / crediting)v. 归功

9、于；相信；记入贷方归功于；相信；记入贷方n. 信用；荣誉；学分；赞扬；贷款信用；荣誉；学分；赞扬；贷款同义词：同义词：believe / praise / honor必记搭配：必记搭配：deserve credit for 因因值得表扬值得表扬give sb credit for sth 因因而赞扬某人而赞扬某人claim credit for sth 为为邀功邀功do credit to sb / sth 为为争光争光(带来荣耀带来荣耀)to sbs credit某人值得赞扬；在某人值得赞扬；在的名义下的名义下credit sth to sb 将将归功于归功于buy sth on credi

10、t赊购某物赊购某物credit card信用卡信用卡7measure (measures / measured / measured / measuring)vt.测量，测量， 计量；给予，计量；给予， 权衡权衡vi.量；有量；有长长(或宽、高等或宽、高等)n措施，措施， 量度，量度， 尺寸，尺寸， 程度，程度， 办法办法同义词：同义词：step / value温馨提示：温馨提示： measure做不及物动词时，不能用于被动语态做不及物动词时，不能用于被动语态和进行时。如：和进行时。如：The river measures 130 by 80 kilometers. 这条河长一百三十公里宽八十

11、公这条河长一百三十公里宽八十公里。里。必记搭配：必记搭配：take measures to do sth 采取措施做采取措施做(take steps / action to do sth)make. to ones measure按某人尺寸定做按某人尺寸定做in a / some measure 一部分地一部分地in great / large measure 大部分地大部分地measure up to 符合，达到符合，达到 【运用提升】【运用提升】 .从从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。空白处的最佳选项。()1.I will appreciat

12、e _ if you can spare me a few minutes to look through my paper.Athat Bthis Cit Done1C。Id appreciate it if. 表示表示“如果如果将不将不胜感激胜感激”。 ()2.I found him sitting in his chair, completely _ a magazine.Aabsorbing Bbeing absorbed inCabsorbed in Dabsorbing in2C。absorbed in表示状态，意思为表示状态，意思为“专心专心致志于致志于”，充当伴随状语。，充当伴

13、随状语。 ()3.He seriously _ whether or not he should charge Martin extra for the water.Aquarreled BarguedCdebated Ddiscussed3C。debate“考虑考虑”。句意：他认真考虑了。句意：他认真考虑了是否应额外收取马丁的水费。是否应额外收取马丁的水费。 ()4._ my coat carefully on the bed，I cut a piece of cloth.AMeasured BTo measureCMeasuring DMeasure4C。ving分词做时间状语。句意：我分

14、词做时间状语。句意：我把外套小心地放在床上量尺寸，然后剪了把外套小心地放在床上量尺寸，然后剪了一块布。一块布。()5.Obviously，the debate _ how to protect the environment will still go on.Aconcerning BconcernedCworried Dworrying 5A。concerning.为介词，表示为介词，表示“有关有关”。concerned /worried为形容词，表示为形容词，表示“担心的担心的/忧虑的忧虑的”，而，而worrying则表示则表示“令令人感到担心的；让人操心的人感到担心的；让人操心的”。()

15、6.Some scientific _ should be taken at once to help those get rid of their poverty.Aactions BmeasuresCtroubles Dapproaches6B。根据句子的意思，。根据句子的意思，“采取科学的措采取科学的措施施”可知。可知。take action “采取行动采取行动”，take trouble to do.“不辞劳苦地做不辞劳苦地做”，而，而approach不与不与take构成搭配。构成搭配。()7.What is the cost of your shirts here, sir?It d

16、epends on which fashion you want to buy, and the prices _ from 100 dollars to 500 dollars.Aincrease BrangeCreach Ddiffer 7B。range from.to 在在范围内变化。句意范围内变化。句意“那取决于你所要买的产品的式样，价格从那取决于你所要买的产品的式样，价格从100美美元到元到500 美元不等。美元不等。”.中译英：中译英：1这工作不在我们的责任范围之内。这工作不在我们的责任范围之内。_2老师让我们牢牢记住了勤奋节俭的重要性。老师让我们牢牢记住了勤奋节俭的重要性。_3政

17、府许诺采取措施帮助下岗工人找到新工作。政府许诺采取措施帮助下岗工人找到新工作。_1The work is beyond the range of our responsibilities.2Our teacher impressed us with the importance of industry and economy.3The government has promised to take measures to help the laidoff workers find new jobs.4科学家非常担心水温的上升，因科学家非常担心水温的上升，因为为那那样样会会对对大大多数海洋生物有

18、不良影响。多数海洋生物有不良影响。_5如果你能就如何提高我的如果你能就如何提高我的书书面英面英语语提些建提些建议议我我将不将不胜胜感激。感激。_4Scientists are deeply concerned about the rise of the water temperature, because it will have a bad effect on most wildlife in the sea.5Id appreciate it if you give me some advice on how to improve my written English.【运用提升】【运用提

19、升】 .从从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。白处的最佳选项。()1.He _ who the murderer was before the end of the book.Amade up Bfigured outClooked through Dput off1B。make up构成，组成；构成，组成；figure out理解，弄理解，弄明白；明白；look through浏览，查阅；浏览，查阅；put off推迟。推迟。句意句意“还没看完书，他就弄清楚谁是凶手了。还没看完书，他就弄清楚谁是凶手了。” ()2.The prices of d

20、aily goods are rising, so we have to _ daily expenses.Aput down to Bcut back onClook back to Dkeep up with2B。put down to把把归因于；归因于；cut back on减少，削减；减少，削减；look back to回顾；回顾；keep up with跟上。句意跟上。句意“日用品价格在上涨，因此我们必日用品价格在上涨，因此我们必须缩减日常开支。须缩减日常开支。” ()3.This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you

21、can_ my father.Afind out Bpick outClook out Dspeak out3B。find out(通过努力等通过努力等)找到，发现；找到，发现；pick out拣出；挑出；拣出；挑出；look out注意；向外看；注意；向外看；speak out大声说出，只有大声说出，只有pick out符合题意。符合题意。句意句意“这张照片是很久以前照的。我不知道这张照片是很久以前照的。我不知道你能否认出你父亲来。你能否认出你父亲来。” ()4.The design of the new car is well _ and you can expect to have it

22、 within a month.Aon the way Bin the wayCunder way Dby the way4C。句意：新车的设计正在进行之中，你。句意：新车的设计正在进行之中，你有望在一个月之内拿到。本题应该选有望在一个月之内拿到。本题应该选C，under way “正在进行正在进行”。on the way “在在去去的途中的途中”；in the way “挡道，碍事挡道，碍事”；by the way “顺便说一下顺便说一下”，显然都不，显然都不符合句意。符合句意。 ()5.Have you _ your pocket money?Yes，I am borrowing some

23、 money from my best friend _.Arun out；for the momentBrun out of；at the momentCused up；for a momentDbeen used up；at the moment5B。第一空。第一空“用光用光”、“花光花光”用用sb run out of sth / sth is running out / sth has run out或或sb use up sth / sth is used up的句型；第二的句型；第二空空 “at the moment”相当于相当于 “right now”，表示表示“目前目前”，而，

24、而 “for the moment” 的意思的意思是是“暂时暂时”；“for a moment”相当于相当于 “for a while”表示表示“一会儿一会儿”。 ()6.If everyone will promise _ his part, the program will certainly be a success.Ato take Bto doCplaying Dperforming6B。do / play / perform ones part均表示均表示“尽自己的职责尽自己的职责”，但，但promise后须跟不定式，后须跟不定式，故选故选B。.根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的

25、词根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。1Recently，my parents my daily expense to encourage me to learn how to manage my life in the future.2The CCTV Cup Singing Contest is _ now，attracting hundreds of young singers to perform in front of millions of audience.3What will we use for power

26、 when we _ oil and coal?4If you dont pay attention to your mistake, sometimes you will have to _ dearly _ that.have cut back on under way use up pay for 5Can you _ your friend from that group of people, who are chatting happily over there?6Your work can make a difference. You can _ to help build a h

27、armonious society.7Its time to for discussion. You can use the chance to express your own opinions about how to live a lowcarbon life.8We must act quickly because time is . The manager said we must finish the project on time.pick out do your part open the floor runningout9The chemical factories whic

28、h _ harmful water and gases wont be allowed to be built near the city.10 a cure for the disease, many advances have been made in the last decade.let off In / With regard to关关键键句型及句型及惯惯用法用法1This will result in a smaller number of fish left for us to eat in the future. (P22，L1617)译：这将导致将来我们食用的鱼的数量越来越小

29、。译：这将导致将来我们食用的鱼的数量越来越小。a number of.“大量的大量的”。由它引出的名。由它引出的名词词短短语语充当主充当主语时语时，谓语谓语用复数形式。用复数形式。in huge / large numbers “大量地大量地”，“大批地大批地”。在。在句子中充当状句子中充当状语语。A large number of books have been sent to the earthquake stricken areas recently.最近，大量的最近，大量的书书籍已被送往地震灾区。籍已被送往地震灾区。In the 1840s，people moved to the we

30、st in huge numbers. 在十九世在十九世纪纪四十年代，人四十年代，人们们大量地涌向大量地涌向西部。西部。【趁【趁热热打打铁铁】中中译译英：英：由于有数字由于有数字电视电视，我，我们们可以接收到大量的可以接收到大量的电视电视频频道。道。_【答案】【答案】Thanks to the digital TV，we can now pick up a large number of TV channels.思考：思考：(1)哪些词可以用来表示哪些词可以用来表示“大量的大量的”？_ (2)哪些量词短语去掉哪些量词短语去掉of可以充当状语？可以充当状语？_ (3)the number of.

31、和和a number of.有何不同？有何不同？_【答案】【答案】(1)修饰可数名词复数的量词短语有：修饰可数名词复数的量词短语有：a (large) number of，(large) numbers of，all kinds of等；等；既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的短语有：既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的短语有：a lot of，lots of，plenty of，a (large) quantity of，(large) quantities of，a pile of，piles of等；等；只能修饰不可数名词的短语有：只能修饰不可数名词的短语有：a great deal o

32、f，a large amount of/ large amounts of等。等。另外：另外：“a quantity of / quantities of n. 谓语谓语”以及以及“a large amount of / large amounts of n. 谓语谓语”，其中谓语的单复数形式分别与，其中谓语的单复数形式分别与quantity和和amount的单复数形式保持一致。的单复数形式保持一致。A large quantity of air conditioners has been sold since the summer came.Huge quantities of oil we

33、re shipped to Japan last year.(2)下列表达方式可以直接在句子中充当状语：下列表达方式可以直接在句子中充当状语：in numbers，in quantities，a lot，a geat deal等。等。(3)the number of.“的数量的数量”。由它引出的。由它引出的名词短语充当主语时，谓语用单数形式。名词短语充当主语时，谓语用单数形式。The number of books stored in our library has come to 100,000.我们图书馆的藏书已达我们图书馆的藏书已达10万册。万册。a number of.“大量的大量的”

34、。由它引出的名词。由它引出的名词短语充当主语时，谓语用复数形式。短语充当主语时，谓语用复数形式。A large number of whales have been killed by these Japanese ships. 这些日本捕捞船已经杀死了这些日本捕捞船已经杀死了许多鲸鱼。许多鲸鱼。2The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.The figure is now about 7 billion people！(P22，L1920)译：目前的世界人口与译：目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增了六年

35、相比已经增了六倍，这个数字现在是倍，这个数字现在是70亿！亿！(1)population 的句型小结如下：的句型小结如下：The population of.is large / small.(注意：不用注意：不用many /few，且谓语动词用单数，且谓语动词用单数)；80% of the population here are farmers.(注意：注意：这里这里population为集合名词，表示为集合名词，表示“居民居民”，谓语用复数谓语用复数)；Whats the population of.(注意：不用注意：不用How many / How much提提问问)；.with a p

36、opulation of.介介词词短短语语，“拥拥有有人口人口”；has a population of.动词动词短短语语，“拥拥有有人口人口”；(2)英英语语中倍数的表达方式：中倍数的表达方式：A“.times 形容形容词词 / 副副词词的比的比较级较级 than.”B“.times as 形容形容词词 / 副副词词的原的原级级 as.”C“.times the 名名词词(如：如：size，height，weight，length，width 等等) of.”D“.times more 名名词词 than.”E“.times as many (或或 much)名名词词 as.”F“.time

37、s what 从句从句”例如：例如：Line AB is three times longer than line CD.线线段段 AB 是是(线线段段) CD 的三倍的三倍长长。This table is three times as long as that one.这张这张桌子是那桌子是那张张桌子的三倍桌子的三倍长长。The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球的体地球的体积积是月球的是月球的49倍。倍。He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago.他他现现在在挣挣的的钱钱比

38、十年前比十年前挣挣的多的多 5 倍。倍。Weve produced twice as much cotton this year as (we did) ten years ago.今年我今年我们们生生产产的棉花比十年前多了一倍。的棉花比十年前多了一倍。(汉汉语语中的多一倍中的多一倍实际实际上指两倍一上指两倍一样样多。多。)The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago.这这条路的条路的长长度是三年前的度是三年前的 4 倍。倍。【趁热打铁】【趁热打铁】中中译译英：英：那家公司付那家公司付给给我原来我原来挣挣的三倍

39、的工的三倍的工资资，并希望，并希望我到那里去工作。我到那里去工作。_选择选择填空：填空：()Americans eat _ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.Amore than twiceBas twice as manyCtwice more than as many asDmore than twice as many【答案】【答案】That company pays me three times what I earned and hopes that I will go there to work.D。倍数表达方式。倍数表

40、达方式as.as.，其中，修饰可数，其中，修饰可数名词名词vegetables用用many，表示倍数的，表示倍数的twice要位要位于于as.as.前；前；more than为程度词，放在整个为程度词，放在整个结构之前。结构之前。思考：常用的倍数的表达方式还有哪些？思考：常用的倍数的表达方式还有哪些？_【答案】【答案】倍数还可以用以下方式表达：倍数还可以用以下方式表达：1)“.timesup / on(或或 over).”；2)“.by .times ”；3)“.times compared with 被比较对象被比较对象”；4)“.times that of 被比较对象被比较对象”。The

41、size of the sun is a million times over that of the earth.太阳的体积比地球的体积大一百万倍。太阳的体积比地球的体积大一百万倍。Compared with last year，our coal output has increased by three times.与去年相比，我们的煤与去年相比，我们的煤产量增长了产量增长了 3 倍。倍。The number of the students in our school has increased for three times compared with 1980.我们学校的学生人数比我们

42、学校的学生人数比 1980 年增加了年增加了 3 倍。倍。In this workshop the output of July was 3.5 times that of January.这个车间七月份的产量这个车间七月份的产量是元月份的是元月份的 3.5 倍。倍。3Ms Lin suggested we should cut back on the quantity of things we produce in order to save the environment. (P23, L4041)译：林女士建议为了保护环境我们应该削减我们译：林女士建议为了保护环境我们应该削减我们所生产的

43、东西的数量。所生产的东西的数量。与与suggest (建议建议)相关的从句用相关的从句用“(should)动词动词原形原形”的形式充当谓语。的形式充当谓语。例如：例如：I suggest that he (should) not spend too much time playing computer games.我建议他不要花太多时间玩电游。我建议他不要花太多时间玩电游。My suggestion that he (should) not spend too much time playing computer games has been accepted. 我的建我的建议议是他不要花太多

44、是他不要花太多时间时间玩玩电电游，游，他也接受了。他也接受了。It is suggested that he (should) be sent to the rural areas to experience more.有人建有人建议议把他送把他送到到农农村地区去体村地区去体验验生活。生活。His suggestion was that we (should) wait for another two days.他的建他的建议议是，我是，我们们再等两天。再等两天。【趁热打铁】【趁热打铁】中中译译英：英：有人建有人建议议我我们们成立一个成立一个读书读书俱俱乐乐部。部。_【答案】【答案】It is

45、 suggested that we (should) set up a reading club./ It is suggested that a reading club (should) be set up (by us)思考：思考：asuggest除了表示除了表示“建议建议”外，还有什么用法？外，还有什么用法？_b像像suggest这样有双重用法的词，在高中英语中这样有双重用法的词，在高中英语中还有哪个？还有哪个？_c英语中表示英语中表示“建议建议”、“命令命令”、“要求要求”、“提议提议”的词有哪些？的词有哪些？_【答案】【答案】asuggest还可表示还可表示“显示显示”、“说明说

46、明”、“暗示暗示”。这时其。这时其用法与普通动词用法一致。用法与普通动词用法一致。例如：例如：What he said suggested that he was satisfied with our homework.他的话说明他对我们的家庭作业他的话说明他对我们的家庭作业(的完成情况的完成情况)很满意。很满意。binsist也有两个词义，一是表示也有两个词义，一是表示“建议建议”、“提议提议”；一；一是表示是表示“坚持坚持(某一事实某一事实)”，这里其后的宾语从句不用，这里其后的宾语从句不用(should)动词原形的形式。动词原形的形式。例如：例如：He insisted that he

47、hadnt taken your book.他坚他坚持认为他没有拿你的书。持认为他没有拿你的书。c英语中常见的表示英语中常见的表示“建议建议”、“命令命令”、“要求要求”、“提议提议”的词有：的词有：suggest / suggestion，advise / advice，order，insist，propose / proposal，recommend / recommendation，require / requirement，demand，request等。等。【运用提升】【运用提升】 从从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。处的最佳选项。

48、()1.According to recent exploration to Mars，it may hold _ water as previously thought.Atwice as much Bas much twiceCtwice much as Dmuch as twice1A。倍数的表达方式。倍数的表达方式。()2.Large quantities of cotton _ shipped all over the world already while a large quantity of bamboo baskets _ going to be exported to so

49、me western countries.Ahave been; is Bhas been; areChave been; are Dhas been; is2A。a quantity of / quantities of n. 谓语，谓语，其中谓语的单复数形式与其中谓语的单复数形式与quantity的单复数形式的单复数形式保持一致。句意保持一致。句意“大量的棉花已经被船运到世大量的棉花已经被船运到世界各地，而大量的竹篮将要被出口到一些西方界各地，而大量的竹篮将要被出口到一些西方国家。国家。” ()3.Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill, and

50、her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination.Abe; should have Bwas; haveCshould be; had Dwas; has3B。第一个。第一个suggest表示表示“暗示，表明暗示，表明”，后，后跟陈述语气，第二个跟陈述语气，第二个suggest表示表示“建议建议”，后，后面跟虚拟语气，用面跟虚拟语气，用(should)动词原形，故选动词原形，故选答案答案B。阅读下面短文，在空格处填写一个恰当的单词使全文阅读下面短文，在空格处填写一个恰当的单词使全文通顺连贯，语法正确。通顺连贯，语法正确。This is

51、 absolutely exciting news for animal lovers! Two people were arrested yesterday 1._ a Paris airport for bringing animals into Europe from South Africa illegally. One customs officer saw a woman walking in front of a group. Then he saw feathers falling from 2._ her coat. Having seen this，the customs

52、officer asked the woman to come over to his desk. He was surprised to find ten birds inside her coat. There was a short, fat gentleman following her. 3._ customs officer called him over when 4._ seemed that he had a moving stomach. at under Another it On taking off his jacket，they found a sleeping t

53、ortoise on 5._ stomach. Apparently he had travelled on the plane like this，keeping the tortoise hidden in the blanket. Such arrests must cause concern 6._ wildlife preservation internationally. Fortunately，some nongovernmental organizations are 7._ making great efforts to take effective 8. to establ

54、ish nature reserve. Its obvious that a better state of wildlife preservation will be gained and more and more people will take the responsibilities to do their part.his about also measures / steps 本本单单元我元我们们复复习习的的书书面表达体裁是英面表达体裁是英语语的的书书面面报报告，即告，即a report on something。写作须知写作须知1书面报告格式要求：书面报告格式要求：(1)首段要

55、点明话题，运用好首段要点明话题，运用好Recently we have.about whether.及及Here are our findings等句型；等句型；(2)如果报告内容包含正反两方面，则分段论如果报告内容包含正反两方面，则分段论述，且各部分运用好主题句；述，且各部分运用好主题句；(3)陈述各论点时要用好承接词；陈述各论点时要用好承接词；(4)根据审题，写好小结段或是阐述个人观点根据审题，写好小结段或是阐述个人观点的段。的段。2基本要点基本要点力求简明扼要，条理清晰。语句流畅，用词力求简明扼要，条理清晰。语句流畅，用词用句准确到位。用句准确到位。3多用现在时态多用现在时态即使是已经调

56、查过，采访对象的观点是你在即使是已经调查过，采访对象的观点是你在采访时说的，但一般情况下他们在你写文章采访时说的，但一般情况下他们在你写文章时还持有这样的观点，或是他们代表了现时时还持有这样的观点，或是他们代表了现时现阶段的普遍观点。现阶段的普遍观点。魔力模版魔力模版1魔力句子魔力句子(1)Recently，we have conducted a survey about whether.(2)Recently，we have had a hot discussion about.(3)I am writing to tell you the discussion in our class a

57、bout.(4)has become a hot topic / has aroused much discussion among us young people recently.(5)Here are the findings.(6)Here are the opinions.(7)On the one hand，some claim / think / believe / say / agree that.(8)On the other hand，some hold the opinion that. (9)Some argue / insist that.(10)We strongl

58、y recommend that.(11)More.should be.(12)To sum up / In conclusion / In summary(13)In my opinion / From my point of view / As far as I am concerned(14)Firstly / In the first place / To begin with / Besides / In addition / Whats more / Whats better / Whats worse / To make things better / To make thing

59、s worse / Furthermore / Moreover / Still more / Finally / Last but not least，etc.活学活用活学活用 近几年，奥运会获奖运动员的高薪问题引起近几年，奥运会获奖运动员的高薪问题引起了广泛的社会关注。有些人支持这种做法，认为了广泛的社会关注。有些人支持这种做法，认为运动员们付出了很多努力，应该得到回报；有些运动员们付出了很多努力，应该得到回报；有些人则持反对意见。请你就此写一篇不少于人则持反对意见。请你就此写一篇不少于120词词的英语短文并发表自己的看法。的英语短文并发表自己的看法。_【参考范文】【参考范文】 In re

60、cent years，the topic whether it is fair for Olympic goldmedal winners to pocket large sums of money has aroused more and more discussion. Here are different opinions among people. On the one hand，some people say it is fair to award those athletes some money.They think that athletes have won a great

61、reputation for our country in the Olympic Games.Whats more，athletes must undergo painstaking physical and psychological training.Besides，they offer a lot of encouragement to young people to take part in physical activities. However，some people have different ideas.They consider that athletes do litt

62、le to boost the national economy directly.Still，while they are receiving training all these years，the country has offered them much material and financial support.Thus they should not receive so much money. As far as I am concerned，they should get high salaries，considering all the efforts they have

63、made.Unit 2The environment.Directions：For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A，B，C and DChoose the one that best completes the sentence.()1.Ross has never been particularly concerned _ what other people think of him.Aabout BinCat Dof1A。句意：罗斯对别人如何看待自己从来不。句意：罗斯对别人

64、如何看待自己从来不太在意。太在意。be concerned about 着急；担心；在意。着急；担心；在意。 ()2.The agent was _ for carrying a false passport.Aarrested BchargedCsuspected Daccused2A。be arrested for sth因因被捕；被捕；be charged with被指控；被指控；be accused of被指控；被指控；be suspected of被怀疑。句意：那个代理人因被怀疑。句意：那个代理人因携带假护照而被捕。携带假护照而被捕。 ()3.Every effort _ to de

65、al with the issues you raised at the last meeting.Aare being made Bhave madeCis made Dis being made3D。句意：正尽一切努力处理你在上次会。句意：正尽一切努力处理你在上次会议上提出的问题。议上提出的问题。()4.Now，its time for me to invite the chairman to take the _.Welcome，Mr.Baker.Afloor BchanceCvoice Dspeech 4A。take the floor起立发言，起立发言，open the floor自

66、由发言，自由发言，hold the floor长时间地长时间地(一个人一个人)讲讲话。根据语境，应该是话。根据语境，应该是“欢迎主席登台发言欢迎主席登台发言”。()5.I really feel nervous，for I have never spoken in public before.My suggestion is that you _ more and _ a deep breath before going onto the stage.Apractise；takeBto practise；takeCpractising；to takeDto practice；taking5A。

67、本句是。本句是suggestion后的表语从句，用后的表语从句，用“(should)动词原形动词原形”充当谓语。充当谓语。 ()6._ the right decisions _ the future is probably the most important thing well ever do in our lives.AMaking；concernedBMake；concerningCTo make；concernedDMaking；concerning6D。第一空为动名词短语充当主语，第二空。第一空为动名词短语充当主语，第二空concerning为介词短语，表示为介词短语，表示“有关

68、有关的的”、“关于关于的的”。若选。若选C，则第二空不能用，则第二空不能用concerned (关心的，担忧的关心的，担忧的)。 ()7.It is reported that the parents，especially the grandparents should not help the children with their homework too much，otherwise，they would _ others help all the time.Arely on Bwait onCturn on Dinsist on7A。根据语境可知，。根据语境可知，“不然的话，孩子们就不

69、然的话，孩子们就总是会依赖他人的帮助总是会依赖他人的帮助”。wait on sb 伺候某伺候某人；人；turn on打开打开(电源等电源等)；insist on坚持。坚持。 ()8.More and more overseas students have decided to return to China，with what they have learned，_ great increase in the development both in civilization and economy.Aresulting in Bresulted inCleads to Dhaving resu

70、lted from8A。根据句子结构可知，这里是现在分词短。根据句子结构可知，这里是现在分词短语在句中充当结果状语。句中已有谓语动词语在句中充当结果状语。句中已有谓语动词have decided to return to China，同时这一现，同时这一现象与象与“促使促使”文明与经济的发展为主动关系。文明与经济的发展为主动关系。 ()9.You mustnt let your social life get _ of your studies.Ain a way Bon the wayCby the way Din the way9D。句意：你不可以让社交生活影响你的。句意：你不可以让社交生

71、活影响你的学业。学业。in a way 在某种程度上，就某个意义来在某种程度上，就某个意义来说；说；on the way在在的路上，即将到来；的路上，即将到来；by the way 顺便说一句；顺便说一句；in the way 碍事，妨碍。碍事，妨碍。 ()10.We firmly believe that war never settles anything.It only _ violence.Aruns into Bcomes fromCleads to Dbegins with10C。句意：我们坚信战争解决不了什么问。句意：我们坚信战争解决不了什么问题，只能导致暴力。题，只能导致暴力。

72、 ()11.Whether it will do us harm or good remains _.Aseen Bto be seenCseeing Dto see11B。句意：这事对我们是好是坏还有待观。句意：这事对我们是好是坏还有待观察。主句察。主句“whether it will do us harm or good”与与see之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用remain to be seen 结构。结构。 ()12.Only one third of the people present at the meeting voted _ the new law

73、.Ain search of Bin favor ofCin short of Din regard to12B。in favor of 赞同，支持；赞同，支持；in search of寻找；寻找；in short of 短缺；短缺；in regard to 关于，关于，就就而言。而言。 ()13.The headmaster yesterday announced a new rule _ students from using cell phones at school.Aprotecting BlimitingCprohibiting Dadvising13C。prohibit sb f

74、rom doing sth 禁止某人禁止某人做某事；做某事；protect sb from doing sth 保护某人不保护某人不受伤害；受伤害；limit为及物动词；为及物动词；advise也不和介词也不和介词from搭配使用，因此选搭配使用，因此选C。 ()14.The winner of the Grand Slams said that he had owed his success to many people，his parents _.Aafter all Bby chanceCon purpose Din particular14D。after all“毕竟毕竟”；by ch

75、ance“偶然，偶然，碰巧碰巧”；on purpose“故意地故意地”；in particular“尤其，特别尤其，特别”。句意。句意“大满贯获大满贯获得者说他的成功归功于很多人，尤其是父母。得者说他的成功归功于很多人，尤其是父母。” ()15.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year.Ais washing away Bis being washed awayCare washed away Dare being washed away15D。a quantity of / qua

76、ntities of n. 谓谓语，其中谓语的单复数形式与语，其中谓语的单复数形式与quantity的单复的单复数形式保持一致。数形式保持一致。.Directions：Complete the following sentences by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.16The research project has only been under way for three months，_its too early to evaluate its success.17The severe d

77、rought in the southwest actually resulted _ a sharp decline in food production.18After a whole weeks thinking，he finally figured _ how to deal with the problem.so in out 19I really feel ashamed of having forgot your birthday last week._ ，I would have attended your birthday party.20He tried to pick _

78、 the tune of a song he had heard on the radio.21It seems that our petrol is running out. I wonder _ there is a petrol station nearby.22We dont sell more goods.We are cutting back _ production.23_Helen says she will complete the job on time, you can always rely on her to deliver the goods.Otherwise o

79、ut if / whether on / upon If 24_ addition to giving a general introduction to computer，the course also provides practical experience.25_ is written clearly in the requirements that all passengers should check onto board thirty minutes before the plane takes off.In It .Directions：For each blank in th

80、e following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and DFill in each blank with a word or phrase that best fits the context. Each spring brings a new blossom of wildflowers in the ditches along the highway I travel daily to work.There is one particular blue flower that has always _26_

81、my eyes.Ive noticed that it blooms only in the morning hours，since the afternoon sun is too warm for it.Every day for _27_ two weeks，I see those beautiful flowers.This spring，I started a wildflower garden in our yard.I can look out of the kitchen window while _28_ the dishes and see the flowers.Ive

82、often thought that those lovely blue flowers from the ditch would look great in that bed _29_ other wildflowers.Every day I drove past the flowers，thinking，“Ill stop on my way home and dig them.” “Gee，I dont want to get my good clothes dirty.” _30_ the reason，I never stopped to dig them.My husband e

83、ven gave me a folding shovel one year for my trunk to be used for that expressed _31_.One day on my way home from work，I was saddened to see that the highway department had mowed the ditches and the pretty blue flowers were _32_.I thought to myself，“Way to go，you waited too long.You _33_ have done i

84、t when you first saw them blooming this spring.” A week ago we were shocked and saddened to learn that my oldest sisterinlaw has a terminal brain tumor.She is 20 years older than my husband and _34_，because of age and distance，we havent been as close as we all would have liked.I couldnt _35_ see the

85、 connection between the pretty blue flowers and the relationship between my husbands sister and us.I do believe that God has given us some time left to plant some wonderful _36_ that will bloom every year for us. And yes，if I see the blue flowers again，you can bet Ill stop and _37_ them to my wildfl

86、ower garden.()26.A.appeared Bcame into Ccaught Dhit ()27.A.considerably Bapproximately Cremarkably Dstrikingly【语篇导读】【语篇导读】该文讲述的是一个不要错失身边的机会、身该文讲述的是一个不要错失身边的机会、身边的美，及时地勇敢地抓住机会的故事。边的美，及时地勇敢地抓住机会的故事。26C。catch ones eyes 吸引某人的注意。吸引某人的注意。27B。approximately大约。大约。 ()28.A.doing Bgetting Csetting Dmaking ()29.

87、A.alongside Bapart from Cacross Din addition to28A。do the dishes清洗碟盘。清洗碟盘。29A。alongside在在旁边；与旁边；与一起。要一起。要是那沟渠里美丽的蔚蓝花簇也移栽到花床中并和是那沟渠里美丽的蔚蓝花簇也移栽到花床中并和其他野花放置在一起，那样会非常好看。其他野花放置在一起，那样会非常好看。 ()30.A.However BWhether CNo matter DWhatever ()31.A.flowers Breason Ccause Dpurpose30D。Whatever the reason 不管是什不管是什么

88、理由。么理由。31D。为了表达的那个想法，我丈夫甚。为了表达的那个想法，我丈夫甚至给我的货车上装了一副折叠铲。至给我的货车上装了一副折叠铲。expressed purpose表达的想法。表达的想法。 ()32.A.disappeared Bmissed Cgone Dlosing ()33.A.would Bshould Cmust Dmight32C。were gone消失，不见了；消失，不见了；disappear不能用于被动语态。不能用于被动语态。33B。句意：你真该在春天里第一次看到它。句意：你真该在春天里第一次看到它们的时候就把它们带回家去的。们的时候就把它们带回家去的。 ()34.A

89、.luckily Bsurprisingly Cunfortunately Dno doubt ()35.A.help Bhelp but Cwait Dchoose34C。不幸的是，表示转折。不幸的是，表示转折。35B。cant help but do情不自禁，不得不情不自禁，不得不；还可用：；还可用：cant choose to do；而；而cant help to do不能帮着做不能帮着做；cant wait to do.迫不及待地做迫不及待地做。 ()36.A.memories Bwishes Cqualities Dthoughts()37.A.transform Btranslat

90、e Ctransport Dtransplant 36A。我相信上帝年年都会给我们一定的。我相信上帝年年都会给我们一定的时间去播种那些美好的记忆。时间去播种那些美好的记忆。37D。不用说，我肯定会停下车来，然后。不用说，我肯定会停下车来，然后把它们移栽到我的野花园里。把它们移栽到我的野花园里。.Directions：Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context. My favorite time of the year is summer. I l

91、ove picnics, swimming, sunbathing, sundresses, homegrown tomatoes and green beans from the garden.the list goes on 38._ on.and But 39._ thing I love about summer is readingwhich is a funny thing to say, since I read all year round.40._ I love reading in summertime: on the beach, or on the grass in P

92、rospect Park. For whatever reason, I find I am 41._ tied to the “school year” calendar even though Im already in my forties. another But still I read some great books this summera series of mystery novels that were pure fun, a literary novel recommended 42._ a friend, and a young adult novel that Im

93、 actually too old for but I really enjoyed. And what is so marvelous about all of this reading is how it connects 43._ to my pastto the girl who used to laze away summer days, reading 44._ good book on the grass. Thats 45._ I did on my summer vacation. I hope yours was just as lovely!by me a what .

94、Directions：Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B，C and DChoose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.A With the World Cup always held in the Europ

95、ean offseason in June and July, when the tiny nation of Qatar, beat out the USA, Australia, Japan and South Korea, as the venue (地点地点)for the 2022 World Cup Soccer, there were gasps of surprise from the fansit was not just because of the size of the competitors, but also the fact that Doha sees an a

96、verage top temperature of 41 degrees Celsius (106F) in June and July with the possibility of top temperatures as high as 50C (122F)and that the World Cup is held in Qatars hottest months. Since the World Cup cannot be moved to the cooler season in January or to a neighboring country with milder weat

97、her, Qatar has to figure out a solution to make the games more comfortable. A team of engineering scientists from Qatar University (QU) have taken a more hightech approach to solving the problemtheyve reportedly developed a type of artificial “cloud” designed to float above the World Cup venues and

98、provide fans and players with relief from the burning sun. The artificial clouds system was invented by a team led by Dr Saul Abdul Ghani, Head of the Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department at QU, who told Gulf News that the “clouds” would be made from a lightweight carbon structure carryi

99、ng a giant envelope of material containing helium(氦氦) gas. The “cloud” would also feature solar panels on its upper surface to power engines that allow the cloud to be moved via remote control. While the country officials have promised to improve some of the issues with solarpowered stadiums capable

100、 of reducing the temperatures inside, to a comfortable 20C (68F), there is still concern of how the players will be able to function in the practice fields. The system would initially cost around US$500,000 each, with prices coming down with commercial scale production. However, since Qatar needs to

101、 find a solution, the money is probably not the issue. The bigger question is, will this team of scientists actually be able to conjure up (兑现兑现)something that they have promised? We will all find out in about eleven years! ()46. By mentioning “the European offseason”， the author tells us _.A. why t

102、he World Cup is held B. where the host countries of the World Cup are C. where the World Cup is usually held D. when the World Cup is held 46D。the European offseason 意为意为“欧洲欧洲(足球赛足球赛)淡季淡季”，是世界杯足球赛固定不变的，是世界杯足球赛固定不变的时间时间(从从always held和和cannot be moved to the cooler season in January可知可知)，也是，也是Qatar酷暑难

103、当的季节。正因为比赛时间不能改酷暑难当的季节。正因为比赛时间不能改变，所以变，所以Qatar不得不想办法、斥巨资，通过不得不想办法、斥巨资，通过“人工造云人工造云”来降温。作者在文章开头提及来降温。作者在文章开头提及the European offseason这一时间，提供了人工造这一时间，提供了人工造云降温的背景。云降温的背景。 ()47.The artificial clouds system aims to _.A. carry a giant envelope of material containing helium gasB. aircondition the venues via

104、 solar powerC. feature solar panels on its upper surfaceD. allow the cloud to be moved via remote control47B。信息归纳题。文章在第三段转述了。信息归纳题。文章在第三段转述了Dr Saul Abdul Ghani对人造云的解释，其目的是调节比赛场对人造云的解释，其目的是调节比赛场地的温度。地的温度。 ()48.Which of the following is NOT promised for 2022 World Cup by Qatar?A. The tournament season

105、.B. The tournament venues.C. The comfortable temperature for training grounds. D. The comfortable temperature for the matches.48C。推理判断题。第三段的最后一句，表达人。推理判断题。第三段的最后一句，表达人们还关注训练场地的气温是否也可以调节，意味着们还关注训练场地的气温是否也可以调节，意味着卡塔尔对此没有承诺。卡塔尔对此没有承诺。 ()49.About how much US dollars are estimated if four artificial clou

106、ds float above stadiums?A. $ 1,600,000 B. $ 2,500,000C. $500,000 D. $ 2,200,00049A。细节理解题。第四段的首句，说明了。细节理解题。第四段的首句，说明了每个人造云的价格，在随后的每个人造云的价格，在随后的with短语又可得短语又可得知成批购买产品可降低价格。知成批购买产品可降低价格。 ()50.Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage? A. Will the 2022 World Cup Be Held in the Mi

107、ddle East？B. Qatars 2022 World Cup in High Temperature C. Will ManMade Clouds Provide Shade at the 2022 World Cup in Qatar?D. Artificial Clouds at High Cost Promising Comfortable Season 50C。主旨题。文章最后的疑问句，暗示了人们。主旨题。文章最后的疑问句，暗示了人们对人造云对人造云11年后能否实现的态度。年后能否实现的态度。B “San Francisco，open your Golden Gate”，san

108、g the girl in the theatre.She never finished her song.The date was 18th April,1906.A dreadful earthquake destroyed the city that had grown up when men discovered gold in the deserts of California.But today the streets of San Francisco stretch over more than forty steep hills，rising like huge cliffs

109、above the blue waters of the Pacific Ocean. The best way to see this splendid city，where Spanish people were the first to make their homes，is to take one of the old cable cars which run along the nine main avenues.You leave the palm trees in Union Squarethe heart of San Franciscoand from the shop si

110、gns and the faces around you，you will notice that in the city live people from many nationsAustrians，Italians，Chinese and othersgiving each part a special character. Fishermans Wharf，a place all foreigners want to see，is at the end of the ride.You get out，and set out to find a table in one of the li

111、ttle restaurants beside the harbour.As you enjoy the fresh Pacific sea food you can admire the bright red paint of the Golden Gate Bridge in the harbour and watch the traffic crossing beneath the tall towers on its way to the pretty village of Tiberon.When youve finished your meal，you may decide to

112、take a boattrip around the bay to look at the sights.You can stare，for example，at the famous，now empty，prison of Alcatraz.Then why not go to the fishing village of Sansalitoa little like Londons Chelsea or New Yorks Greenwich Villageto see people painting and to look at their pictures？You will be ab

113、le to enjoy a view of the city from the sea and take pleasure in the soft red and blue Spanishtype houses shining in the bright Pacific light. ()51.In the first paragraph，the author mainly intends to tell us_.Athe past glory of San FranciscoBa brief history of San FranciscoCthe artistic atmosphere i

114、n San FranciscoDthe dreadful earthquake in San Francisco【语篇导读】【语篇导读】本本文文是是应应用用文文。文文章章介介绍绍了了旧旧金金山山的的旅旅游游线线路路和主要景点。和主要景点。51B。主旨大意题。由文章第一段可知，旧金山在。主旨大意题。由文章第一段可知，旧金山在淘金热中兴起，在大地震中被毁灭，然后又在废墟淘金热中兴起，在大地震中被毁灭，然后又在废墟上重建。这是对其发展历史的简略回顾。上重建。这是对其发展历史的简略回顾。()52.The first people who settled in San Francisco were_.A

115、the SpanishBthe native AmericansCthe AustriansDthe Italians 52A。细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知，。细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知，是西班牙人首先在旧金山定居。是西班牙人首先在旧金山定居。()53.People go to the fishing village of Sansalito to_.Asee fishermen at workBsee artists paintingCtry fishing themselvesDget a birds eye view of the city53B。细节理解题。由文章第三段倒数第二句

116、。细节理解题。由文章第三段倒数第二句可知，可知，Sansalito这个小渔村是画家聚集搞创作这个小渔村是画家聚集搞创作的地方。的地方。 ()54.Which is the best place for people to enjoy sea food?AFishermans Wharf. BTiberon.CAlcatraz. DSansalito.54A。细节理解题。由文章第三段第一句可知，。细节理解题。由文章第三段第一句可知，人们到了人们到了Fishermans Wharf首先是品尝这儿的海首先是品尝这儿的海鲜。鲜。 ()55.The passage is probably taken f

117、rom a_.Anews story BtextbookCresearch paper Dtravel guide55D。推理判断题。由文章介绍的内容可断定，。推理判断题。由文章介绍的内容可断定，本文是导游文章，而不是新闻或论文，更不是本文是导游文章，而不是新闻或论文，更不是教科书上的内容。教科书上的内容。. Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage. Any diet on which you eat fewer

118、calories than you need to get through the daylike an 800calorieperday dietcan be dangerous.Diets that dont allow any fat also can be bad for you.Everyone needs a certain amount of fat in their dietup to 30% of total caloriesso no one should eat a completely fatfree diet. Dont have diets that restric

119、t certain food groups，either.A diet that requires you to say no to bread or pasta or allows you to eat only fruit is unhealthy.You wont get the vitamins and minerals you need.And although you may lose weight，youll probably gain it back as soon as you start eating normally again. Some people start di

120、eting because they think all the problems in their lives are because of weight.Others have an area of their lives that they cant control，like an alcoholic parent，so they focus on something they can controltheir exercise and food intake. People who diet may get lots of praise from friends and family

121、when they start losing pounds，which makes them feel good.But eventually a person reaches a weight leveland doesnt lose as much weight as before because the body is trying to keep a healthy weight，so they arent any happier. Some people may find it hard to control their eating，so they stick with an_ex

122、treme_diet for a little while，but then eat tons of food.Feeling guilty about the binge (暴食暴食)，they use laxatives(泻泻药药)Eating too little to maintain a healthy weight and eating only to throw up the calories are both eating disorders，which are harmful to a persons health.56What does the underlined phr

123、ase an extreme diet in the last paragraph mean? (No more than 6 words)_57How much fat should there be in our daily diets? (No more than 8 words)_56It means eating (too) little food.57It should be 30% of the total calories.58According to the writer，why does a person with an alcoholic parent start dieting? (No more than 10 words)_59What does the writer think are healthy diets? (No more than 9 words)_58Because he wants to focus on something he can control.59Diets containing various food and proper fat in amount.