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1、Overviewofadverbialclauses句句 子子 的的 分分 类类Adverbial ClausesDefinitionAnadverbialclauseisadependentclausethatfunctionsasanadverb.nComparethetwosentences:nEverymorninghesitsthere.nEverymorninghesitswherethereisapalmtree.Time时间状语从句时间状语从句Place 地点状语从句地点状语从句Reason 原因状语从句原因状语从句Condition 条件状语从句条件状语从句Purpose 目
2、的状语从句目的状语从句Result 结果状语从句结果状语从句Manner 方式状语从句方式状语从句Concession 让步状语从句让步状语从句Contrast 比较状语从句比较状语从句AdverbialClauseAdverbial Clauses 在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。 准确掌握每一个连接词的含义是掌握状准确掌握每一个连接词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。语从句的关键。同时要注意主从
3、句的时态呼应。高考英语状语从句及连接词的应用高考英语状语从句及连接词的应用1.AdverbialClauseofTime常用连接词：常用连接词：when/while/as,since,till/until,before,once,assoonas特殊连接词：特殊连接词：immediately/directly/instantlythemoment/theinstant/theminute,bythetime,eachtime/everytime/whenevernosoonerthan,hardly(scarcely)when从句一般用一般现在时表示将来，用现在完成从句一般用一般现在时表示将来
4、，用现在完成时表示将来完成时时表示将来完成时1.While（当（当时）时）Jennywasdoingthewashingup,JanewaswatchingTV.2.Thetrainhadleftbythetime（到（到时）时）theyrushedtothestation.1. Adverbial Clause of Time3.Theinstant（一（一就就）Isawhim,IknewIhaveseenhimbefore.4.Everytime（每次）（每次）Iwenttovisithim,hewasplayingcomputergames.5.Eachtime（每当）（每当）wemet
5、withdifficulties,theycametoourhelp6.NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethan（刚（刚就就）itbegantorain.1. Adverbial Clause of Time2.AdverbialClauseofPlace常用连接词：常用连接词：where特殊特殊连接接词：everywhereanywherewherevern Putthekeywhereyoucanfinditlater.nEverywheretheywent,theywerekindlyreceived.nWherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟
6、成。（谚语）有志者事竟成。（谚语）nWhereverthereissmoke,thereisfire.无风不起浪。（谚语）无风不起浪。（谚语）3.AdverbialClauseofReason常用连接词：常用连接词：becausesinceasfor特殊连接词：特殊连接词：thatinthatnow(that)seeingthatconsideringthatgivingthatforthereasonthat3.AdverbialClauseofReason1.Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.2.Heisabsenttoda
7、y,becauseforheisill.3.Hemustbeillforheisabsenttoday.3.AdverbialClauseofReason4.Imhappythatyouvetoldthetruth.5.Somepeoplesaymandiffersfromanimalsinthatwehavetheabilitytolaugh.6.Consideringthathiswifehasjusthadabadcold,hedecidedtogotothepartyalone.4.AdverbialClauseofCondition常用连接词常用连接词: if, unless, as
8、 / so long as特殊连接词特殊连接词: providing / provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that, given thatIf引导的条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句两引导的条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种，种，虚拟条件句要用虚拟语气。虚拟条件句要用虚拟语气。4.AdverbialClauseofCondition1. I will go to the party if I am invited.2. I wont go to the party unless invited.3. Well le
9、t you use the room on condition that you keep it clean.4. You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying. 5. Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. 5.AdverbialClauseofPurpose常用连接词：常用连接词：sothat,inorderthat特殊连接词：特殊连接词：lest,incase,forfearthat,inthehopethat,forth
10、epurposethat从句中的从句中的谓语动词常常用常常用may,might,can,could,should等情等情态动词1.Speakloudersothateveryonecanhearyou.5.AdverbialClauseofPurpose2.Theystartedearlyinorderthattheycouldarrivehomebeforedinnertime.3.Wedarenotplayjokesonhimlesthe(should)beangry.4.Westoodunderthetreequietlyforfearthatthebird(should)flyaway
11、.表示目的的几种句型表达表示目的的几种句型表达Hegotupearlytocatchtheearlybus.= He got up early in order to catch the early bus.= He got up early so as to catch the early bus.= He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.= He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus.6.AdverbialClauseofResult常用连接词常用连
12、接词:so/suchthat,sothat特殊连接词特殊连接词:tothe/suchadegreethat,totheextentthatHegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.Itssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.6.AdverbialClauseofResultTosuchadegreewasheexcitedthathecouldntsleeplastnight.Hishumourwassuchastomakeusalllaugh.=Hewassohumourousastomakeusallalugh.=Hewas
13、sohumourousthatwealllaugh.7.AdverbialClauseofManner常用引导词：常用引导词：as,asif,asthough特殊引导词：特殊引导词：how,theway,AistoBwhatCistoD/CistoD1.Youdbettertakethingsastheyare.2.WheninRome,doastheRomando.3.Foodistomeniswhatoilistomachine.食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。7.AdverbialClauseofManner4.Sometimesweteachourchildre
14、nthewayourparentshavetaughtus.在在asif或或asthough引引导的状的状语从句中多用从句中多用过去去时表示虚表示虚拟语气。气。5.Helookedatme asifIweremad.6.Heactedasthoughhehadbeentherebefore.8.AdverbialClauseofConcession常用连接词常用连接词:though,although,evenifeventhough特殊连接词：特殊连接词：while(一般用于句首一般用于句首),as(用于倒装结构用于倒装结构)whetheror,wh-ever=nomatterwh-8.Adv
15、erbialClauseofConcession1.Thoughheisyoung,hecouldsolvetheproblemonhisown.=Youngasheis,hecouldsolvetheproblemonhisown.2.Althoughheisachild,hecouldsolvetheproblemonhisown.=Childasheis,hecouldsolvetheproblemonhisown.9.AdverbialClauseofContrast常用连接词常用连接词:asas,notso/asas(同级同级比较比较),than(不同程度的比较不同程度的比较)特殊连
16、接词特殊连接词:the+比较级比较级,the+比较级比较级;1.Thelittlegirlwantstobeascleverasherbrother.2.Hedoesntworksohardasyoudo.9.AdverbialClauseofContrast3.Themoreyouworry,thelessyoullsucceed.4.Shedidworseinthetestthansheexpected.9.AdverbialClauseofContrast5.这个房间是哪个房间的三倍大。这个房间是哪个房间的三倍大。Thisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.
17、Thisroomisthreetimeslargerthanthatone.Thisroomisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.9.AdverbialClauseofContrast6.今年的收入是去年的两倍。今年的收入是去年的两倍。Theincomeofthisyearistwicethatoflastyear.Theincomeofthisyearistwicewhatitwaslastyear.考点一考点一高频连接词高频连接词29 when / while / as when: 持续性非持续性动词都可持续性非持续性动词都可1) 当当时候时候Are you going
18、 to be a sailor when you leave school?2) 正在正在忽然忽然when =at this time / at that time sb. was doing when sb was about to do /was going to do when sb has just done when3) 表示原因表示原因“既然既然”“考虑到考虑到”，相当于，相当于 since; considering that。Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already? whileWhileIw
19、aswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.(while=_)WhileIreallydontlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=_)Whilethereislifethereishope.(while=_)whenalthoughaslongas 而而1.Shesangassheworked.一边一边一边一边2.Smartasheis,hedoesntstudyhard.虽然，尽管虽然，尽管3.Youmust
20、trytodoasIdid.依照，按照依照，按照4. As she was late for class, she had to saysorry.因为因为5.Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolde随着随着 beforeItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwontbehalfayearbeforewemeetagain.Wesailedfourdaysandnightsbeforewesawtheland.Wehadntrunamilebeforehefelttired. 肯定句肯定句“才才”否定句否定句“就就”itwillbe+一段时间一
21、段时间before.多久之后才多久之后才.itwontbe+一段时间一段时间before.不久就不久就.sincebeforewhenthatIt is + 时间时间+ 易混淆句型易混淆句型 Itsthreedayssincehereturnedhome.Itwasthreedaysbeforehereturnedhome.Itwillbethreedaysbeforehereturnedhome.Itwasthreedayslaterthathereturnedhome.Itwasthreeoclockwhenhegothome.Itwasatthreeoclockthathegothome
22、.where引导的定语从句和状语从句的区别引导的定语从句和状语从句的区别和联系和联系where：引导定语从句时，相当于引导定语从句时，相当于in/at/towhich;where：引导状语从句时，相当于引导状语从句时，相当于in/at/totheplacewherePleasemakeamarkintheplacewhereyouhaveaquestion.定语从句定语从句Pleasemakeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.状语从句状语从句unless除非，如果不除非，如果不相当于相当于ifnotMostbirdsfinditsafetosleepinthetrees,b
23、ut_theyhaveeggsoryoungchicks,theydontuseanest.A.whyB.howC.unlessD.whereso/suchthatso+adj./adv.+thatso+adj.+a(n)+n.+thatsuch+a(n)+adj.+n.+thatsuch+adj.+n.(UC)/n.(pl.)+that+Heissuchagoodteacherthatweallrespecthim.=Heissogoodateacherthatweallrespecthim.=Sogoodateacherishethatweallrespecthim.=Suchagoodt
24、eacherishethatweallrespecthim.Hemadesuchrapidprogressthattheteacherpraisehim.Hemadesomuchprogressthattheteacherpraisehim.“一一就就”的表达法的表达法assoonashardly/scarcelywhennosoonerthatthemoment/minute/second/instantimmediately/instantly/directlyon/upon+n./doing他一到达车站汽车就发动了。他一到达车站汽车就发动了。Assoonas(连词连词)hearrived
25、atthestation,thebusstarted.=Hardly(连词连词)hadhearrivedatthestationwhenthebusstarted.=Nosooner(连词连词)hadhearrivedatthestationthanthebusstarted.=Immediately(副词副词)hearrivedatthestation,thebusstarted.=Themoment(名词名词)hadhearrivedatthestationwhenthebusstarted.=Upon/On(介词介词)hisarrivalatthestation,thebusstarte
26、d.until/till均可用于肯定句，但均可用于肯定句，但until可用于句首，可用于句首，till则不可。则不可。肯定句：肯定句：Sheslepttill/untilmidnight.Untilyoutoldme,Ihadheardnothingofwhathappened.否定句：否定句：Shedidntarriveuntilmidnight.Hedidntgotobeduntilhefinishedhiswork.=Notuntilhefinishedhisworkdidhegotobed.(倒装句倒装句)=Itwasnotuntilhefinishedhishomeworkthath
27、ewenttobed.(强调句强调句)however,whateverhowever：后接：后接adj.或或adv.,相当于相当于nomatterhowwhatever：后接：后接n.,相当于相当于nomatterwhat。Howeverdifficultitmaybe,youshouldntgiveup.Whateverdifficultiesyoumaycomeacross,youshouldntgiveup.Howevermanydifficultiesyoumaycomeacross,youshouldntgiveup.Youcandresshoweveryoulike.Youcanw
28、earwhateveryoulike.区别几组词区别几组词1aslongas和和asfarasaslongas=solongas只要只要Asfaras=sofaras就就而言；到而言；到程度程度2onlyif和和ifonlyonlyif只要只要Ifonly要是要是就好了就好了3asif和和evenifasif 似乎，好像似乎，好像evenif即使，纵然即使，纵然4despite和和althoughdespite(介词介词)虽然虽然although(连词连词)虽然虽然5with和和aswith(介词介词)随着随着as(连词连词)随着随着.考点二考点二状语从句中成分的省略状语从句中成分的省略53当
29、状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，从当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语可以省略。谓语则按下面几种情况句的主语可以省略。谓语则按下面几种情况省略或变化：省略或变化：1.“系表系表”结构省略结构省略be动词；动词；2.被动语态省略助动词被动语态省略助动词be；3.主动语态的动词则变为主动语态的动词则变为doing。*after,before,since后接后接beingdone表示被动。表示被动。Ifnecessary(如果有必要的话如果有必要的话),Illexplainittoyouagain.Thoughlacking(lack)money,theysenttheirchildre
30、ntoschool.Hestoppedasiftosee(see)ifsomeonefollowedhim.状语从句同时具备下列两个条件状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；从句主要动词是从句主要动词是be的某种形式。的某种形式。从句中的主语和从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。动词常可省略。 When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year . If (it is) possible, he will help yo
31、u out of the difficulty. 如果可能的话，他会帮你摆脱困境。如果可能的话，他会帮你摆脱困境。 You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情况对你来说不方便除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这否则你必须出席这次会议。次会议。 另外，比较状语从句经常省略。另外，比较状语从句经常省略。 Im taller than he (is tall ). The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ). 【注意注意】：
32、当从句主语和主句主语不一致时，从句部分当从句主语和主句主语不一致时，从句部分要么用完全形式，要么用要么用完全形式，要么用独立主格结构独立主格结构来表来表达。达。When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.当会议结束时，人们都走出了会议室。当会议结束时，人们都走出了会议室。=The meeting over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.考点三考点三时态一致性时态一致性59在在时间时间或或条件条件状语从句中，当主句是将来时的状语从句中，当主
33、句是将来时的时候，从句的时候，从句的谓语动词谓语动词一般用一般用“一般现在时一般现在时”表表示示“一般将来时一般将来时”，用，用“现在完成时现在完成时”表示表示“将来将来完成时完成时”。要注意。要注意时态一致时态一致。Theyaregoingtohaveapicnicifitdoesntrainnextweek.AssoonasIhavefinishedthiswork,Iwillhavegonehome.考点四考点四状语从句与倒装句状语从句与倒装句61as引导让步状语从句时，通常从句要倒装引导让步状语从句时，通常从句要倒装as表示表示“虽然，尽管虽然，尽管”引导让步状语从句时，引导让步状语从
34、句时，出出于强调的目的要倒装，即从句中的表语、谓语于强调的目的要倒装，即从句中的表语、谓语动词或做状语的副词调至从句之首动词或做状语的副词调至从句之首a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。句首名词不能带任何冠词。b.句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。一起放在主语之前。句型为：句型为：名词名词/形容词形容词/过去分词过去分词+as/though+主语主语+动词动词+主句主句1.Thoughheisasmallchild,heknowswhatistherightthingto
35、do.Childasheis,heknowswhatistherightthingtodo.2.Thoughheworkedhard,heneverseemedabletodotheworksatisfactorily.Hardasheworked,heneverseemedabletodotheworksatisfactorily.3.Thoughyoumayfail,youshouldnevergiveup.Failasyoumay,youshouldnevergiveup.4.Thoughitwasrainingheavilyoutside,theystartedoutveryearly
36、.Heavilyasitwasrainingoutside,theystartedoutveryearly.5._,Carolinacouldntgetthedooropen.A.TryasshemightB.AsshemighttryC.ShemightastryD.Mightsheastry6._,hetalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass.A.AquietstudentashemaybeB.QuietstudentashemaybeC.BeaquietstudentashemayD.Quiteashemaybeastudentso,such引
37、导的结果状语从句置于句引导的结果状语从句置于句首，会引起倒装。首，会引起倒装。1.Soangrywashethatheyelledatme.2.Suchanicedaywasitthatwepicnickedonthegrass.3.Sodifficult_ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskedTomforadvice.A.IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfound“only+状语从句状语从句”位于句首，主句用部分位于句首，主句用部分倒装语序，从句语序不变倒装语序，从句语序不变Onlywhenthewarwas
38、over_tohishometown.A.didtheyoungsoldierreturnB.theyoungsoldierreturned.C.returnedtheyoungsoldierD.theyoungsoldierdidreturnnotuntil从句被提到句首时，主句用部分从句被提到句首时，主句用部分倒装语序，从句语序不变倒装语序，从句语序不变Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersd
39、idrealizeD.didntthevillagersrealize表示表示“一一就就”的两个常见结构的两个常见结构“Nosoonerhadthan.”“Hardly/Scarcelyhadwhen.”.DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?No,nosooner_thanithappened.A.hadshegoneB.shehadgoneC.hasshegone D.shehasgone.考点五考点五注意区分不同从句注意区分不同从句71引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。根据句子结构和句意来判别。Yo
40、u are to find it where you left it.地点状语从句地点状语从句Tell me the address where he lives.定语从句，句中有先行词定语从句，句中有先行词I dont know where he came from.宾语从句宾语从句Where he has gone is not known yet.主语从句主语从句This place is where they once hid.表语从句表语从句.考点六考点六并列句与状语从句并列句与状语从句73并列句的基本概念并列句的基本概念 并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独并列句是由两个或两个以上并
41、列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。简单句被称为分句。常见的并列句常见的并列句1. 表递进关系：表递进关系： 用来表递进关系的并列连词有用来表递进关系的并列连词有and, not only but also ，neither nor , not but 等。等。2. 表选择关系：表选择关系： 常用的并列连词有常用的并列连词有or, either or ，otherwise等。等。Either you are right, or I am. 3. 表转折对
42、比关系表转折对比关系： 常用的并列连词有常用的并列连词有but, yet, whereas, while等。等。The car is old, (and/but) yet it is in good condition.= The car is old, but it is in good condition.= The car is old. However (= Nevertheless = Still), it is in good condition.* but不与不与although连用，但连用，但yet, still可与可与although连用。连用。4. 表因果关系：表因果关系：
43、 常用的并列连词有常用的并列连词有so, for。The shops were closed so I didnt get any milk.商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。* for常出现在并列句中，不说明主句行为发生常出现在并列句中，不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些补充说明，常位于两的直接原因，只提供一些补充说明，常位于两个并列句中间，不可位于句首。个并列句中间，不可位于句首。5. 用祈使句表示条件状语从句用祈使句表示条件状语从句1)“祈使句祈使句+and+陈述句陈述句”=“if引导的肯定条件句引导的肯定条件句+陈述句陈述句”。2) “祈使句祈使句
44、+ or/otherwise + 陈述句陈述句” = “if引导的否定条件句引导的否定条件句 + 陈述句陈述句”。Work hard, and youll get good grades. (改为含有条件状语从句的复合句改为含有条件状语从句的复合句) If you work hard, youll get good grades.1. Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process _ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination. A. untilB. but C.
45、 unlessD. for2. The old teacher found it increasingly difficult to read, _ her eyesight was beginning to fail. A. andB. for C. butD. or3. She is seriously ill, _ she doesnt give up hope. A. thoughB. but C. stillD. however4. Find ways to praise your children often, _ youll find they will open their h
46、earts to you. A. tillB. or C. and D. but1.1. 状语从句的种类状语从句的种类2.2. 状语从句中的六大考点：状语从句中的六大考点： 高频连接词；高频连接词； 状语从句中成分的省略；状语从句中成分的省略； 时态的一致性；时态的一致性； 状语从句与倒装句；状语从句与倒装句； 注意区分不同从句；注意区分不同从句； 并列句与状语从句。并列句与状语从句。1. _ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still dont know. （2015安徽安徽23） A. O
47、nceB. Since C. ThoughD. Unless2. _ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. （2015安徽安徽34） A. WhereB. As C. In caseD. Now thatTestyourself3. If you miss this chance, it may be years _ you get another one. （2015重庆重庆4） A. As B. before C. since D. after
48、4. _ the job takes a significant amount of time. most students agree that the experience is worth it（2015湖湖南南33） A. If onlyB. After C. AlthoughD. In case5. I believe you will have a wonderful time here you get to know everyone else. （2015陕西陕西20） A. thought B. as if C. once D. so that6. a single worl
49、d can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. （2015浙江浙江9） A. Just as B. Even though C. Until D. Unless7. We need to get to the root of the problem _ we can solve it. （2015天津天津12） A. whileB. after C. before D. as8. There is only one more day to go yo
50、ur favorite music group play live. （2015四川四川6） A. since B. until C. when D. before9. It is so cold that you cant go outside _ fully covered in thick clothes. （2015江苏江苏26） A. if B. unless C. once D. when10. _ the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp. （2
51、015福建福建31） A. WhileB. Unless C. SinceD. Until11. He is a shy man, _ he is not afraid of anything or anyone. （2015北北京京25） A. so B. but C. or D. as12.You wont find paper cutting difficult _ you keep practicing it. （2015北京北京28） A. even though B. as long as C .as if D. ever since13. _ the damage is done
52、, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. （2015北京北京32） A. Until B. Unless C. Once D. Although 14. Stand over there _ youll be able to see it better. (2015 天津例题天津例题) A. orB. and C. butD. while Homework1.Go over what you have learned today by reading the example sentences.2. Finish the exercises in workbook.Thank you!
