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1、岳阳中学岳阳中学 李慧李慧1.1.什么是什么是withwith复合结构，它是否复合结构，它是否 是个完整的句子？是个完整的句子？2. With2. With复合结构是怎样构成的？复合结构是怎样构成的？3. With3. With复合结构中出现的动词用什么复合结构中出现的动词用什么 形式？形式？1.In some countries，you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person2. He lay on the bench with his eyes fixed on the sky. 3. With so much home
2、work to do, I cant go to the party tomorrow. 4.He usually sleeps with the windows open in the summer. 1.5. He slept with the lights on. 6. The girl stood there silently, with tears in her eyes. 7.With a face all smiles he told us that he had passed the exam.Read the following sentences and notice th
3、e underlined part.With复合结构是一种由复合结构是一种由 介词介词with或或without+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语构成的一种复合结构。构成的一种复合结构。宾语宾语由名词或代词由名词或代词充当，充当，宾语补足语宾语补足语由形容词、副词、介词由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式，现在分词，或过去分短语、动词不定式，现在分词，或过去分词充当。词充当。由此我们可以得出：由此我们可以得出：由此我们可以得出：由此我们可以得出： with + 宾语宾语 +形容词形容词副词副词名词名词介词短语介词短语v-ingv-edto do主谓、进行主谓、进行动宾、完成动宾、完成主谓主谓 将
4、要发生将要发生“with复合结构复合结构”的构成的构成标志：做状语用逗号隔开，标志：做状语用逗号隔开，with结构放句子前后都可；结构放句子前后都可； 做方式、伴随状语和定语时，不用逗号隔开，放在做方式、伴随状语和定语时，不用逗号隔开，放在 句子后面句子后面表示状态表示状态She left,她走了她走了_（门开着）（门开着）_（灯亮着）（灯亮着）_(孩子在哭孩子在哭)_(钱包被偷了）钱包被偷了）(有许多工作要做有许多工作要做)_(手里拿着一本书手里拿着一本书)with the door openwith the ligtht onwith the boy cryingwith her wall
5、et stolenwith lots of work to dowith a book in her hand尝试尝试一下一下吧！吧！1. with+宾语+形容形容词他常常开着窗子睡他常常开着窗子睡觉。He often sleeps with the windows open.2.with+宾语+副副词那位女孩睡着了，灯那位女孩睡着了，灯还亮着。亮着。The girl fell asleep with the light on. “ “withwith复合结构复合结构” ”的构成的构成3. with + 宾语宾语+名词名词 他死的时候，他的女儿还是个学生。他死的时候，他的女儿还是个学生。He
6、died with his daughter yet a student.4.with+宾语宾语+ 介词短语介词短语老师进来了，手里拿着本书。老师进来了，手里拿着本书。The teacher came in with a book in his hand.5.with+宾语宾语+现在分词现在分词由于有机器的帮助，我们能按时完成任务。由于有机器的帮助，我们能按时完成任务。With the machine helping us, we could finish the work on time.6. with+宾语宾语+ 过去分词过去分词做完一切事情以后，她回家了。做完一切事情以后，她回家了。Wi
7、th everything done, she went home.7.with+宾语宾语+不定式不定式(表示要干的事情表示要干的事情)因为这些衣服要洗，我不能出去。因为这些衣服要洗，我不能出去。I cant go out, with these clothes to wash.我没有事可做，只好睡觉。我没有事可做，只好睡觉。I had to go to bed, with nothing to do. with 复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，该复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，该结构常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。结构常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。eg. With mach
8、inery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行，他们将很快收完由于所有的工作都是由机器进行，他们将很快收完 庄稼。（原因状语）庄稼。（原因状语） withwith复合结构的句法功能复合结构的句法功能 With winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.= When winter comes on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south. Wit
9、h the key lost, she could not enter the room. =As/Because the key had been lost, she could not enter the room.（）作原因状语（）作原因状语 With time permitting, well visit the Summer Palace.=If time permits, well visit the Summer Palace.(3)(3)作条件状语作条件状语 The children came running towards us with some flowers in th
10、eir hands. =The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands. (4)(4)作伴随状语作伴随状语 The battle ended with the enemy defeated. =The battle ended, causing the defeat of the enemy.(5)(5)作结果状语：由作结果状语：由causingcausing加名词短语构成加名词短语构成She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on bot
11、h sides.她看到一条两岸长着红花、绿草的小溪。她看到一条两岸长着红花、绿草的小溪。The city lies in a valley with high mountains around it.这个城市位于一个由高山环抱的山谷中。这个城市位于一个由高山环抱的山谷中。抱着小孩的那位妇女是汤姆的姑姑。抱着小孩的那位妇女是汤姆的姑姑。The woman with a baby in her arms is Toms aunt.= The woman who has a baby in her arms is Toms aunt. with with复合结构作定语复合结构作定语 with复合结构
12、中的省略主要是指在复合结构中的省略主要是指在“with + 名词名词 + 介词介词短语短语”结构中的省略，其特点是省去结构中的省略，其特点是省去with及介词短语中的及介词短语中的名词修饰词，也就是：名词修饰词，也就是：“名词名词 + 介词介词 + 名词名词”。 eg. She ran to the hero, flowers in hand. 她手里拿着鲜花跑向这位英雄。她手里拿着鲜花跑向这位英雄。 The art teacher walked into the classroom, book in hand. 艺术老师手里拿着一本书走进了教室。艺术老师手里拿着一本书走进了教室。WithWi
13、th 结构中的省略结构中的省略巩固练习巩固练习: : Correct the mistakes1.With the man to guide us ahead, we had no trouble finding the village. 2.With a lot of work done , she doesnt have time to rest. 3.With the machine working all the time, we finished harvesting crops in time.guiding usto dowas4.The street looks more be
14、autiful with all the lights on.5.With our problem to settle, we all felt happy.6.She left the offices with tears in her eyes.wassettledbeing【重点提示重点提示】 with结构结构不是句子不是句子，它在句中作，它在句中作定语定语或或状语状语，故故with结构中不会有谓语动词形式。结构中不会有谓语动词形式。 with复合结构中复合结构中宾语补足语宾语补足语用用ing还是还是ed要根要根据据动作与宾语动作与宾语的关系来确定，的关系来确定，如果如果宾语发出宾语发出
15、动作则用动作则用ing，如果如果宾语承受动作则用宾语承受动作则用ed1.With the boy _(lead) the way，we found he house easily.2. With the boy _ (lead) the way，we will find the house easily tomorrow.3. He lay on the bed with the bedroom door_. (shut )leadingto leadshut即讲即练即讲即练这里这里shut 是是shut 的过去分词，的过去分词，door与与shut 是被动关系所以用过去分词。是被动关系所以用过去分词。1.Write at least five sentences with “with”, using different structures.Homework:
