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1、A Brief Introduction Of Architectural Engineering 12345 6DefinationClassificationConcrete Structure Steel Structure Masonry Structure Timber Structure 01DefinitionONEArchitectural engineering, also known as building engineering, is the application of engineering principles and technology to building
2、 design and construction.DefinitionBuilding structure is the system that composed of foundation, wall, column, beam, support, roof and other bearing members.柱下基柱下基础楼板楼板柱柱梁梁梁梁墙楼梯楼梯地地下下室室底底板板墙墙下基下基础02ClassificationTWOClassification by main structural materialsSteel Structure Concrete Structure Masonry
3、 Structure Timber Structure 03ConcreteStructureTHREEConcrete is one of the most durable building materials.It provides superior fire resistance compared with wooden construction and gains strength over time. Structures made of concrete can have a long service life. The Buffalo City Court Building in
4、 Buffalo, NY.Buffalo布法罗（美国纽约州西部一城市）Empire State Building1933 Movie poster for King KongPerhaps the most famous popular culture representation of the Empire State Building is in the 1933 film King Kong.Sydney Opera House ConcreteStructureConcrete Structureplain concrete structurereinforced concrete s
5、tructureprestressed concrete structureMany different types of structures and components of structures can be built using reinforced concrete including slabs, walls, beams, columns, found-ations, frames and more.Reinforced concrete can be classified as precast (预制) or cast-in-place (现浇) concrete.Comp
6、arison of the failure of reinforced concrete beams and plain concrete beamsConcreteStructureThree physical characteristics give reinforced concrete its special properties.1.The Concrete has protective effect on steel bar2.Coefficient of thermal expansion(热膨胀系数) of concrete is similar to that of stee
7、l, eliminating large internal stresses due to differences in thermal expansion or contraction.3.When the cement paste within the concrete hardens, this conforms to the surface details of the steel, permitting any stress to be transmitted efficiently between the different materials. Usually steel bar
8、s are roughened or corrugated to further improve the bond or cohesion between the concrete and steel.ConcreteStructure04SteelStructureFOURA steel structure building is a metal structure fabricated with steel for the internal support and for exterior cladding, as opposed to steel framed buildings whi
9、ch generally use other materials for floors, walls, and external envelope. Steel structure buildings are used for a variety of purposes including storage, work spaces and living accommodation. They are classified into specific types depending on how they are used.04SteelStructureFOURSteelStructureEi
10、ffel TowerThe National Stadium Guangzhou Opera HouseCCTV TowerSteelStructureAdvantages1.Steel is a green product; it is structurally sound and manufactured to strict specifications and tolerances. It is also energy efficient. Any excess material is 100% recyclable.2.Steel does not easily warp, buckl
11、e, twist or bend, and is therefore easy to modify and offers design flexibility. Steel is also easy to install.3.Steel is cost effective and rarely fluctuates( flktuet 波动; 涨落)in price.SteelStructure4.Steel allows for improved quality of construction and less maintenance, while offering improved safe
12、ty and resistance.5.With the propagation of mold and mildew in residential buildings, using steel minimizes these infestations. Mold needs moist, porous material to grow. Steel studs do not have those problemsSteelStructure1.Heat conductivity:Calculations show that the web of an 18-gauge steel stud
13、is about 31 times thinner than a two-by wood stud; however, steel conducts heat 310 times more efficiently than wood. As a net result, a two-by steel stud will conduct 10 times more heat than a two-by wood stud.2.Easy corrosion:surface need coating anti-corrosion coatings, reduce or avoid corrosion,
14、 improve the durability of life.DisadvantagesSteelStructureType of reinforcementreinforcementhot-rolled steel barcold-draw steel barcold-rolled steel bar heal treated rebar HPB235HRB335HRB400RRB400plain round bardeformed bar deformed bar deformed bar （热轧钢筋）（冷拉钢筋）（冷轧钢筋）（热处理钢筋） non-prestressed steel（光
15、圆钢筋）（变形钢筋）strenghductilityhigh strengh,low ductilityhigh strenghhigh strenghprestressed steelSteelStructuremechanical properties of steel barsreinforced bar with obvious yield point 比例极限屈服强度极限强度o(N/mm2)fyfted流幅abcoaelastic stageaproportional limit byield strength cdhardening stagedultimate strength
16、de failure stagereinforced bar without obvious yield point 0.2% 0.2(N/mm2)o 0.2conditional yield strengh（条件屈服强度）05MasonryStructureFIVEMasonry is the building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar.The common materials of masonry construction are brick, building ston
17、e.Masonry is generally a highly durable form of construction.MasonryStructureThe Great WallGreat Wild Goose Pagoda The Zhaozhou Brige ColosseumThe ancient pyramids of EgyptMilan CathedralMasonryStructureAdvantages1.The use of material such as bricks and stones can increase the thermal mass of a buil
18、ding and can protect the building from fire.2.Most types of masonry typically will not require painting and so can provide a structure with reduced life-cycle costs.3.Masonry structures can have a useful life of more than 500 years as compared to 30 to 100 for structures of steel or reinforced concr
19、ete.MasonryStructureDisadvantagesDisadvantages022.Low strengh033.Weak totality044.Great labour intensity011.Large dead weightMasonryStructureMechanical modelling of masonry structuresFrom the point of view of material modelling, masonry is a special material of extreme mechanical properties (with a
20、very high ratio between strength in compression and in tension), so that the applied loads do not diffuse as they do in elastic bodies, but tend to percolate along lines of high stiffness06TimberStructureSIXThe structure that loads act on it are mainly beared by wood.Tangs timber structure Nanzen-ji
21、 Temple（南禅寺）TimberStructureTangs timber structure FouguangTemple（五台山佛光寺）Liao Dynastys timber structure Huayan Temple（大同华严寺）TimberStructureThe Forbidden CityTimberStructureEasy to take advantage of local materials Manufacture simple12AdvantagesTimberStructureDisadvantagesInflammable（易燃）Easy corroding（易腐蚀） Big deformation（变形大）123Thanks for your listeningThanks for your listening
