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1、Unit 3Unit 3Back to the pastBack to the past( (主题语境主题语境: :人与社会人与社会科学技术科学技术) )-3-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.found vt.兴建,创建高考佳句Mygoalwastolose150poundsinoneyearandraise$50,000insupportofamovementfounded30yearsagotoendhunger.(2017天津卷,完形填空)我的目标是,一年内减掉150磅体重,并筹集5万美元来支持一项创建于30年前的运动,这项运动的宗旨是消除饥饿。(1)foundacity/club/comp
2、any建起城市/创办俱乐部/公司foundsth.on把基于,把建立在(2)foundern.奠基人foundationn.地基,基础,基金(会)layafoundationof打下(的)基础withoutfoundation无事实依据shake/rockthefoundationsof从根本上动摇-4-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)ToliftabigstructureliketheTremontHotel,Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrewsbeneaththebuilding.(2015湖南卷,阅读理解)为了支撑起像Tremont宾馆这样大
3、的结构,Pullman把数千个螺旋千斤顶放在那栋建筑的地基上。(2)Accordingtotheoldlegend,RomuluswastheofRome.根据古老的传说,Romulus是罗马创始人。(3)Carefulplanningthenationseconomicmiracle.细致的计划奠定了那个国家经济奇迹的基础。foundationfounderlaidthefoundationof-5-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.unfortunate adj.不幸的,遗憾的高考佳句Unfortunately,ittookahorribleaccidenttochangeherattitude
4、.(2015福建卷,阅读理解)不幸的是,改变她的态度以一场可怕的事故为代价。(1)unfortunatelyadv.不幸地(2)fortunateadj.幸运的be(un)fortunatetodosth./indoingsth.在方面运气(不)好Itis(un)fortunatethat.幸运的(不幸的)是(3)fortunatelyadv.幸运地(4)fortunen.机会,运气,财富makeafortune发财seek/tryonesfortune碰运气-6-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Hewasunfortunate(lose)inthefinalround.(2)Hewas
5、extremelyfortunatehavingsuchahappyfamily.(3)Hedreamedofmakingfortune.(4)CentralLondonis(fortunately)inhavingsomanylargeparksandopenspaces.(5)Haveyouheardaboutthatfireinthemarket?Yes,(fortune)noonewashurt.(6)(fortune),richcountriespossessmostofthisknowledge,whiledevelopingcountriesdonot.toloseinafort
6、unatefortunatelyUnfortunately-7-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.decorate vt.装饰,装潢高考佳句White,shiny,plasticanddecoratedwithflowers,thebasketwinkedatmeandIknewIknewIhadtohaveit.(2016浙江卷,阅读理解)那个白色闪闪发光、用花边包装的塑料篮子对着我眨着眼,我知道我知道我得得到它。(1)decorate.with.用装饰bedecoratedwith被/用装饰(2)decorationn.装饰;装饰物-8-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Billbought
7、hiswifeaveryvaluablebirthdaypresentlastmonth,aringdecoratedjewels.比尔上个月给妻子买了一份非常值钱的生日礼物一个镶着宝石的戒指。(2)Thereisno,onlyflatsurfaces.这里没有装饰,只有平整的表面。withdecoration-9-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.destroy vt.破坏,毁坏,摧毁经典例句Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.他们看到的每一处地方几乎都被毁了。(1)destroysb.毁掉某人(的一生)bedestroyedbyfir
8、e被大火烧毁(2)destructionn.破坏,毁坏(3)destroyern.破坏者,起破坏作用的东西-10-高频单词重点短语难点句型易混辨析destroy,damage与ruindestroy表示“毁坏”,通常指彻底地毁掉或毁灭,往往暗示无法或很难修复,有时用于比喻手法中。damage表示“损害,损坏”,通常是指部分损坏,往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能等会降低,有时用于比喻手法中。ruin是destroy的同义词,强调毁灭的彻底性,并且是一次性的行为。这种毁灭也许没有多大力量,但其严重性却使其不能修复,也可强调长期的损坏过程所导致的结果。-11-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)In
9、theterribleearthquake,allthehousesandbuildingswere,andgreatwascausedtoYunnan.Thewholeareawasalmostin.在那次大地震中,所有的房屋和建筑物都被摧毁了,而且(这场地震)给云南造成了巨大的损失。整个地区几乎成了一片废墟。(2)Housesinthehurricanehavebeenrepaired.在飓风中受损的房子已经得到修缮。(3)Hisdesireforwealthandpowerledhimtohis.对财富和权力的欲望导致了他的毁灭。(4)Beyourself,Bob.Youcantlety
10、ourselfsuchadefeat.鲍勃,做你自己。别因为这样一个打击自己毁了自己。destroyeddamageruinsdamageddestructionbedestroyedby-12-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.declare vt.断言,宣称,宣布,宣告,声明经典例句Theboydeclaredwithaproudsmilethathesoldsixdozenthedaybefore.那个男孩脸上挂着得意的微笑,宣称自己前一天卖出去6打报纸。(1)declarationn.断言,宣称,宣布,宣告,声明(2)declarewaron向(某国/不好的事)宣战declarefor/ag
11、ainststh.表态支持/反对某事四维热练(1)Onlyamonthearlier,Mr.Stenholmhaddeclaredthetaxcut.(2)ItwastheyearwhenBritaindeclaredwarGermany.for/againston-13-高频单词重点短语难点句型6.aware adj.知道的,察觉到的,意识到的经典例句Newstudentsarenowawarethattheyarelikelytoleaveuniversityupto15,000indebt.新生们现在意识到,他们在大学毕业的时候很可能会负债15,000英镑。(1)be/becomeawa
12、reof察觉,意识到makesb.awareof使某人意识到(2)awarenessn.意识raiseawarenessof提高的意识(3)unawareadj.不知道的,没察觉到的-14-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Iwenttoagroupactivitycalled“SensitivitySunday”,whichwastomakeusmoreoftheproblemsfacedbydisabledpeople.我参加了一个叫“周日感官体验”的小组活动,这个活动是为了使我们更加清楚残疾人所面临的问题。(2)Weshouldtrytoenvironmentalprotection
13、.我们应该尽力提高人们的环保意识。awareraisepeoplesawarenessof-15-高频单词重点短语难点句型7.remains n.遗物,遗迹,遗骸;剩余物经典例句Thus,classmaynotbeculturallyandpoliticallyobvious,yetitremainsanimportantpartofBritishsociety.这样一来,阶级的文化和政治色彩就没有那么明显,然而,它仍然是英国社会的一个重要组成部分。(1)theremainsof.的遗迹;的剩余物(2)remainv.留下;仍然是remain+形容词/名词/介词短语/非谓语动词保持remain
14、tobedone有待于(3)remainingadj.剩余的-16-高频单词重点短语难点句型用法点拨(1)remain做系动词用时,其后可接形容词、名词、介词短语、非谓语动词等做表语。(2)remaining通常做前置定语,而left做“剩下的”讲时,做后置定语。如:themoneyleft/theremainingmoney剩下的钱。-17-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练写出下列句中remain的词性及汉语意思(1)Iremainedthreedaysinthatcountry.(2)Afteryearsofhardwork,Tomstillremainedaworker.(3)After
15、thefire,littleremainedofhishouse.(4)Itremainstobeseenwhetherhercolleagueswillagree.vi.(人)留下,逗留link-v.仍是vi.剩下,余留vi.留待以后去看-18-高频单词重点短语难点句型写作升级(5)Sports,withoutwhichyoupoor,meanalotinlife.运动在人生中的意义重大,没有运动的人生是匮乏的。(6)Itwhetherthenewlyformedcommitteespolicycanbeputintopractice.新成立的委员会提出的政策能否实行还有待观察。(7)Dep
16、endingonthekindofraceyouplantoenter,youcansetupatimetableforbeforetherace.(2015全国卷,阅读理解)根据你计划参加比赛的种类,你可以为比赛前接下来的几个星期制订时刻表。remainremainstobeseentheremainingweeks-19-高频单词重点短语难点句型8.expression n.词语;表达;表情;表示经典例句However,someofthetextshavetoomanynewwordsandexpressionswhicharehardforus.但是一些课文里生词和短语太多,这对我们来说
17、有点难。(1)beyondexpression无法形容withoutexpression毫无表情giveexpressionto表达;表现;把表达出来(2)expressoneself表达自己的意思用法点拨(1)express当“表达,表示”等,习惯上不接双宾语,可用expresssth.tosb.;(2)express后一般不接that从句,可接疑问词引导的从句。-20-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Helookedatmeexpression.(2)Hecanexpress(him)freelyinEnglish.(3)Tobeacknowledgedasthefirsttorec
18、eivethishonoris_expressioninwordsforme.(4)(express)mythankstoher,Ifeelrelaxed.(5)Bydoingso,Icannotonlysharegoodideaswithothersbutalsolearnclearly.这么做,我不仅可以跟别人分享好的想法,还可以学会清楚地表达自己。withouthimselfbeyondHavingexpressedtoexpressmyself-21-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.take over 夺取;接管,接任高考佳句Unfortunately,full-sunproduction
19、istakingovertheindustry.(2015陕西卷,阅读理解)不幸的是,阳光充足的(咖啡)生产正在接管这一产业。-22-高频单词重点短语难点句型(1)comeover过来,顺便拜访getover克服,(从病中)恢复过来goover复习,仔细地再读一遍handover交出,移交,让与knockover撞倒,撞翻overandover再三,一遍又一遍thinkover仔细考虑turnover翻车,翻阅,翻身gain/haveanadvantageover胜过,优于lookover检查,查看,调查pullover把拉过来,靠岸,开到路边-23-高频单词重点短语难点句型(2)takeof
20、f脱下;起飞;取消takedown记下;取下takefor把视作,误认为takein接纳,吸收;欺骗,诱骗;理解takeon从事;聘用;呈现;承担(责任)takeout取出takeup占据;从事takeback收回;退回takeafter像;追赶-24-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Couldyoupossiblythepost?你能接任这个职位吗?(2)ItwasnotuntilseveralweekslaterthatIrealizedIwas_bymybestfriend.直到几周以后,我才发觉我被我最好的朋友骗了。(3)Whenthedelayedflightwilldepen
21、dsmuchontheweather.延误的航班何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。(4)Afterheretiredfromoffice,Rogerspaintingforawhile,butsoonlostinterest.罗杰斯从办公室退休后,有段时间从事绘画,但是不久他就失去了兴趣。takeovertakenintakeofftookup-25-高频单词重点短语难点句型(5)Shegreaterresponsibilitieswhenshewaspromoted.她得到提升时承担了更大的责任。(6)BeforeMrGreenretired,hethebusinesstohisson.格林先
22、生退休之前,他把生意交给了他的儿子。tookonhandedover-26-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.in memory of 为了纪念经典例句IntheUSA,ColumbusDayisinmemoryofthearrivalofChristopherColumbusintheNewWorld.在美国,哥伦布日是为了纪念克里斯托弗哥伦布到达“新大陆”。-27-高频单词重点短语难点句型intermsof就而言incaseof万一inplaceof取代insearchof寻找infavourof赞成,支持inneedof需要inpraiseof赞扬inpossessionof拥有incharg
23、eof掌管,负责inthehopeof抱着的希望inhonourof为了向表示敬意-28-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用in的相关短语完成句子(1)Somepeoplearereform,whileothersareagainstit.(2)Thejobisgreatsalary,butithasitsdisadvantages.(3)Thepoemishervirtues.(4)Wellmakeanewdirectorhim.(5)Thegifttothemuseumisbeingmadeafamousman.(6)WecelebrateMothersDayourmothers.infa
24、vorofintermsofinpraiseofinplaceofinmemoryofinhonourof-29-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.no doubt 无疑,确实高考佳句Thisdoesntmeanwearebecomingeithermoreorlessintelligent,butthereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging.(2015安徽卷,阅读理解)这并不意味着我们在变得更聪明或者更愚蠢,但是毫无疑问,我们用记忆力的方式在改变。(1)beyonddoubt无疑indoubt怀疑地,未确定地withoutdoubt的确,无疑There
25、isnodoubtthat.毫无疑问。(2)Idoubtif/whether.我怀疑是否Idontdoubtthat.我不怀疑-30-高频单词重点短语难点句型用法点拨在否定句和疑问句中,doubt后用that引导从句,但是在肯定句中,用whether或者if引导从句。-31-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Hewasagreathero,sopeoplecouldnthelpbutcryoverhisdeath.毫无疑问他是个伟大的英雄,所以人们才为他的去世而禁不住哭泣。(2)Itsthatwecanovercomeallthesedifficultiesundertheleadersh
26、ipofourParty.毫无疑问,在我们党的领导下,我们能战胜所有这些困难。(3)Thefutureofthestadiumisbecauseofalackofmoney.由于缺少资金,体育馆的未来还未确定。(4)HehecouldlearnanythingnewfromMary.他怀疑自己是否能从玛丽那里学到什么新东西。nodoubtbeyond/withoutdoubtindoubtdoubtedif/whether-32-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.We are in Italy now,and tomorrow we are visiting Pompeii.现在我们在意大利,明天我
27、们将游览庞贝。(Page 42)用进行时表示将来的用法句中谓语动词arevisiting是用现在进行时表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。可以这样使用的动词包括arrive,come,do,go,have,leave,meet,move,play,return,sleep,start,begin,stay,take,work等。除will,begoingto外,下列结构也可用来表示将要发生的动作:(1)betodo表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作,也表示可能性。(2)beabouttodo表示“马上/即将要做”。-33-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Putonyourcoat!Iyoudown
28、tothedoctor.穿上外套!我要带你去看医生。(2)Iswimmingwhenmyguideshoutedatmeandtoldmenottodoso.我正要去游泳,这时向导冲我大喊,让我不要这样做。(3)ApoetandartisttospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.明天下午有一位诗人兼艺术家要来给我们做有关中国文学和绘画的报告。amtakingwasabouttogoiscoming-34-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.Many people were buried alive,and so was
29、 the city.很多人被活埋了,整个城市也被掩埋。(Page 42)形容词做状语句中的alive是形容词做状语,着重强调主语呈现出来的状态。形容词做状语修饰句子中的人或物,副词做状语修饰句子中的动词。可用作状语的形容词还有awake,asleep,deep,straight,high,short,young,interested,surprised,satisfied等。四维热练(1),hestoppedworkingandwenthome.他又冷又饿,放下工作回家了。(2)Tooursurprise,hereturned.令我们吃惊的是,他安然无恙地回来了。Coldandhungrysa
30、feandsound-35-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city,their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared,leaving empty spaces in the ash.原来,火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人,他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了,只留下火山灰里的人形空当。(Page 43)Itturnsout.结果是Itturns/turnedoutthat.原来是;结果是Ittur
31、ns/turnedouttobe.原来是;结果是用法点拨本句型后接that从句时,句首的it不可用别的词代替;但是如果后面接不定式时,主语it可根据实际需要变化。-36-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Thejobturnedoutthanwethought.结果这个工作比我们想象的要难。(2)hisbrotherdiedofaheartattack.结果他的兄弟死于心脏病。tobeharderItturnedoutthat-37- .单句语法填空1.(culture)differencesbetweentheEastandtheWestareobvious.2.Itwasluckyth
32、atthewaterwasshallow,andallsoldiersswamacrosstheriver(fortunate).3.There,abig(memory)hasbeenbuiltinhonourofhim,whodevotedhimselftothepoor.4.Nocountrycanaffordtoneglectthe(educate)ofitsyoungpeople.5.Sheisnottobecomparedwithyou.Yougrewupina(wealth)family.6.Thereisworldwideconcernaboutthe(destroy)ofthe
33、rainforests.Culturalfortunatelymemorialeducationwealthydestruction-38- 7.WhowilltakenowthatEwinghasresigned?8.Theold-fashioneddressisdecoratedribbonsandlace.9.Themainpeakstoodourpathlikeagreatwhitewall.10.Thenewbuildingwascompletedaheadtime.overwithinof-39- .单句改错1.Thereisnodoubtwhethertheworldclimat
34、ehasbeenchanginginrecentyears._2.Foundingin1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates._3.Withanoldsayinggoes,knowledgeispower._4.Dontleavethewaterrunwhileyoubrushyourteeth._5.Iamnotsuchstrongamanasheis._whetherthatFoundingFoundedWithAsrunrunningsuchso-40- 6.Thefestivalisinmemoryfo
35、rthegreatpoetQuYuan._7.Threeboyswereaheadus._forofahead后加of-41- .话题微写作翻译下面5个句子,然后通过合理想象,用恰当的修辞手段整合成一篇短文。1.敦煌莫高窟(MogaoCaves)位于甘肃省,处在丝绸之路上。(locate)2.好消息是,这个周末一些学者和研究者将给我们做如何保护敦煌莫高窟的报告。(joy,lecture)3.这无疑对我们了解敦煌莫高窟是有好处的。(nodoubt)4.我们应该意识到保护文化遗产的重要性。(beawareof)5.专家们正在设法寻找修复壁画的方案。(solution)-42- MogaoCaves
36、arelocatedinDunhuang,GansuProvince,onthefamousSilkRoad.Toourjoy,thisweekend,somescholarsandresearcherswillgiveusalectureonhowtoprotectMogaoCaves.ThereisnodoubtthatitisgoodforustolearnaboutMogaoCaves.Weshouldbeawareoftheimportanceofprotectinghistoricalculturalheritages.Inaddition,expertsaretryingtofindsolutionstorestoringthewallpaintings.
