《2017真题-英语二- (解析版)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2017真题-英语二- (解析版)（15页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！2017 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)真题SectionI UseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s) foreachnumberedblankandmarkA, B,CorDon theANSWERSHEET.(10points)Peoplehavespeculatedforcenturiesabouta futurewithoutwork.Todayisnodifferent,withacademics
2、,writers,andactivistsonceagain_1_ thattechnologybereplacinghumanworkers.Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedby _2_ . Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital,andthemasseswillstruggleinanimpoverishedwasteland.Adifferentandnotmutuallyexclusive_3_holdsthatthefuturewillbe awastelandofa diffe
3、rentsort,one_4 _bypurposelessness:Withoutjobstogivetheirlives_5_, peoplewillsimplybecomelazyanddepressed._6_, todaysunemployeddontseemto be havingagreattime.OneGalluppollfoundthat20 percentofAmericanswhohavebeenunemployedforatleastayearreporthavingdepression,doubletheratefor_7_ Americans.Also,somere
4、searchsuggeststhatthe_8_forrisingratesofmortality,mental-healthproblems,andaddicting_9_poorly-educatedmiddle-agedpeopleisshortageofwell-paidjobs.Perhapsthisiswhymany_10_theagonizingdullnessofa joblessfuture.Butitdoesnt_11_followfromfindingslikethesethata worldwithoutworkwouldbe filledwithunease.Such
5、visionsarebasedon the_12_of beingunemployedina societybuilton theconceptofemployment.Inthe_13_ofwork,asocietydesignedwithotherendsin mindcould_14_strikinglydifferentcircumstancedforthefutureoflaborandleisure.Today,the_15_ofworkmaybe abitoverblown.Manyjobsareboring,degrading,unhealthy,andawasteof hum
6、anpotential,saysJohnDanaher,alecturerat theNationalUniversityof IrelandinGalway.Thesedays,becauseleisuretimeisrelatively_16_formostworkers,peopleusetheirfreetimetocounterbalancetheintellectualandemotional_17_of theirjobs.WhenI comehomefroma harddayswork,I oftenfeel_18_,Danahersays,adding,Ina worldin
7、 whichIdonthaveto work,Imightfeelratherdifferentperhapsdifferentenoughtothrowhimself_19_ahobbyorapassionprojectwiththeintensityusuallyreservedfor_20_matters.1.AboastingBdenyingCwarningDensuring欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！动词词义辨析。作家学者警示人们技术会代替人类劳动。boast吹嘘、自负。deny否认。ensure确保。Warning警
8、示，警告。因此答案为 C选项。2.AinequalityBinstabilityCunreliabilityDuncertainty上下文理解。根据后文富人会拥有所有资产，贫困地区也会扎堆，可以看出此处想表达不平等的意思。Inequality不平等，instability不稳定性，unreliability不可靠性，uncertainty不确定性。因此答案为 A选项。3.ApolicyBguidelineCresolutionDprediction词义辨析。policy政策，guideline指导方针，resolution决心，prediction预测。该句意为另外一种预测认为 。因此答案为D
9、选项。4.AcharacterizedBdividedCbalancedDmeasured动词词义辨析。该句意为未来社会的特点是无目的性。因此答案为 A选项5.AwisdomBmeaningCgloryDfreedom词义辨析， 上下文理解。 没有了工作富裕生活的意义， 人们会变得懒散沮丧。其他几项不符合题意。因此答案为 B选项。6.AInsteadBIndeedCThusDNevertheless考查副词。Indeed实际上，那些失业者生活并不美好。因此答案为 B选项。7.ArichBurbanCworkingDeducated上下文理解。前面提到失业的美国人在和工作的美国人做对比。因此答案
10、为C选项。8.AexplanationBrequirementCcompensationDsubstitute词义辨析。死亡率升高，心理健康问题等是因为没有工资待遇较好的工作，这就解释了原因问题。Explanation符合题意，因此答案为 A选项。9.AunderBbeyondCalongsideDamong介词辨析。没有受到良好教育的中年人中间这些问题比较严重。因此答案为D选项。10.AleavebehindBmakeup CworryaboutDsetaside固定搭配意思辨析。 Worryabout担心， leavebehind丢弃， 使落后 makeup 组成，setaside留出，把
11、放在一旁。该句意为这就是为什么人们担心未来无工作的无聊。因此答案为 C选项。11.AstatisticallyBoccasionallyCnecessarilyDeconomically副词词义辨析。Necessarily必然地，statistically统计地，occasionally偶然地，economically经济上地。该句想表达并不必然的意思。因此答案为 C选项。12.AchancesBdownsidesCbenefitsDprinciples理解上下文。前面说没有工作会导致不安，这些观念是来源于在职业概念的社会中失业的消极面。13.AabsenceBheightCfaceDcour
12、se固定搭配。Inabsenceof 缺乏，inheightof 在高度，infaceof 面临，incourseof 在中。该句意为如果没有工作，也就是 inabsenceofjob.因此答案为 A选项。14.AdisturbBrestoreCexcludeDyield动词词义辨析。没有工作的社会能为人们带来放松。Yield有获得，带来的欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！意思，disturb打扰，妨碍，restore恢复，交还，exclude排斥。因此答案为 D选项。15.AmodelBpracticeCvirtueDhardshi
13、p词义辨析。根据后面工作的缺点可以推测此处想表达工作的优点被过分夸大了。Virtue优点，好处。因此答案为 C选项。16.AtrickyBlengthyCmysteriousDscarce词义辨析和上下文理解。 休闲时间对工作人来说相对较少。 因此答案为 D选项。17.AdemandsBstandardsCqualitiesDthreats词义辨析。闲暇时间来平衡人们的智力和情感需求。因此答案为A选项。18.AignoredBtiredCconfusedDstarved词义理解。下班回到家感觉到疲惫。Starved饥饿的。因此答案为 B选项。19.AoffBagainstCbehindDint
14、o固定搭配和介词使用。Throwinto投身于， throwoff摆脱，throwagainst扔掉，throwbehind抛开。投身到自己的爱好之中。因此答案为D选项。20.AtechnologicalBprofessionalCeducationalDinterpersonal词义辨析。一些需要专业技能的项目。因此答案为B选项。SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextby choosingA, B, CorD. Markyour
15、answerson theANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1EverySaturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50,000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocalpark.TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwitha dozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUK andmoreabroad.Eventsarefree,staffedby thousandsofvolunteers.Runnersrangefromfouryearsoldtograndparents;
16、theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeleysworldrecord13 minutes48 secondsup toan hour.ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondonsOlympiclegacyisfailing.Tenyearsagoon Monday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30thOlympiadwouldbe inLondon.PlanningdocumentspledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGameswouldbe tolevela nationofsportlover
17、sawayfromtheircouches.Thepopulationwouldbe fitter,healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasnothappened.Thenumberofadultsdoingweeklysportdidrise,by nearly2 millionintherunupto2012butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.Theoppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupil
18、sdoingatleasttwohoursofsportaweekhavenearlyhalved.Obesityhasrisenamongadultsandchildren.OfficialretrospectionscontinueastowhyLondon2012failedtoinspireageneration.Thesuccessof Parkrunoffersanswers.Parkunisnota racebuta timetrial:Youronlycompetitoristheclock.Theethoswelcomes欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请
19、联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！anybody.Thereisasmuchjoyovera puffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisabouttoptalentshining.TheOlympicbidders,by contrast,wantedto getmorepeopledoingsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes.Thedualaimwasmixedup:Thestresson successovertakingpartwasintimidatingfornewcomers.
20、Indeed,thereissomethinga littleabsurdinthestategettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafundamentallygrassroots,conceptas communitysportsassociations.Ifthereisaroleforgovernment,itshouldreallybe gettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoodsmakingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandnetballcou
21、rts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butsuccessivegovernmentshavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentionon sportineducation.Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregovernmentsneedtodo moretoprovidetheconditionsforsporttothrive.Or at
22、leastnotmakethemworse.21.AccordingtoParagraph1,Parkrunhas_.AgainedgreatpopularityBcreatedmanyjobsCstrengthenedcommunitytiesDbecomean officialfestival解析： Againedgreatpopularity.意思是很受欢迎。通过题干可以定位在第一段，可以通过，每天超过五万人跑步、引发了 400场运动在英国和在国外等信息得知，公园跑很受欢迎。22.TheauthorbelievesthatLondonsOlympiclegacyhasfailedto_.
23、AboostpopulationgrowthBpromotesportparticipationCimprovethecitysimageDincreasesporthoursinschools解析：Bpromotesportparticipation表示提升运动参与度。通过题干伦敦和奥林匹克遗产可以定位到第二段，题目问的是伦敦奥运会的遗产没有做成什么事，题干中的failedto可以对应第二段即使看到了 failing，但并没有答案。再往下看，伦敦奥运会承诺，人口将会更健康、更多冠军，但这并没有发生，nothapped才真正对应 failedto.23.Parkrunisdifferentfr
24、omOlympicgamesinthatit_.AaimsatdiscoveringtalentsBfocuseson masscompetitionCdoesnotemphasizeelitismDdoesnotattractfirst-timers解析：Cdoesnotemphasizeelitism，公园跑步和奥运会不同在于，它并不强调精英主义。这道题定位在第三段的中间，奥林匹克的倡导者相反，想要更多的参与运动创造更多的精英。24.Withregardtomasssport,theauthorholdsthatgovernmentsshould.Aorganizegrassrootssp
25、ortseventsBsuperviselocalsportsassociationsCincreasefundsforsportsclubsDinvestinpublicsportsfacilities解析：Dinvestinpublicsportsfacilities，提到大众体育，作者认为政府应该投资公共的体育设施。政府在第四段的中间，讲到政府应该训练的空间、用钱去铺设网球场。这里是欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！答案的同意转换。25.TheauthorsattitudetowhatUK governmentshavedone
26、forsportsis.AtolerantBcriticalCuncertainDsympathetic解析：Bcritical作者对英国政府对体育的态度是批判的。最后一段 but转折后说，继任的政府卖绿地、减少本地政府的预算同时减少在体育方面的关注度，所以持批判态度。Text2Withso muchfocuson childrensuseof screens,itseasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse.Techisdesignedtoreallysuckon youin,saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigital
27、play,anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoa lotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseof mobilephonesandtabletsat mealtimesby givingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20 p
28、ercentfewerverbaland39 percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceof tensioninthefamily.Parentswouldbe lookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbe makingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.Infantsarewiredtolookatparentsfacestotrytounderstandth
29、eirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsiveastheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadeviceitcanbe extremelydisconcertingfoethechildren.Radeskycitesthestillfaceexperimentdevisedby developmentalpsychologistEd Tronickinthe1970s.Init,a motherisaskedtointeractwithherchildina normalwaybeforeputtingon ablankexpres
30、sionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermothersattention.Parentsdonthavetobe exquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butthereneedstobe a balanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoa childsverbalornonverbalexpressionsofan emotionalneed,saysRad
31、esky.On theotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkidsuseofscreensarebornoutofan oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbe interactingwiththeirchildren:Itsbasedon asomewhatfantasized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyourefailingtoexposeyourchildto30,000wo
32、rdsyouareneglectingthem.Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisntlearningfromthescreendoesntmeantheresnovaluetoitparticularlyifitgivesparentstimetohavea shower,do houseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.Parents,he says,cangeta lotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoa friendor getsomeworkoutof theway.Thi
33、scanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthenbe moreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime.26.AccordingtoJennyRadesky,digitalproductsaredesignedto_.AsimplifyroutinemattersBabsorbuserattentionCbetterinterpersonalrelationsDincreaseworkefficiency欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！解析：Babsorbuseratten
34、tion。根据 JR，数码产品被设计为了吸引用户的注意。根据JR 定位在第一段，他说了一句话：科技被设计去 suckon youin.suck和 absorb是同意转换词。27.Radeskysfood-testingexerciseshowsthatmothersuseofdevices_.AtakesawaybabiesappetiteBdistractschildrensattentionCslowsdownbabiesverbaldevelopmentDreducesmother-childcommunication解析：Dreducesmother-childcommunicatio
35、n.R的食品测试展示了妈妈使用设备会降低妈妈和孩子间的交流。是原文第二段 fewerverbaland39%fewernonverbalinteraction的同意转换。28.Radeskyscitesthestillfaceexperimenttoshowthat_.AitiseasyforchildrentogetusedtoblankexpressionsBverbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotionalexchangeCchildrenareinsensitivetochangesintheirparentsmoodDparentsneedtore
36、spondtochildrensemotionalneeds解析： Dparentsneedtorespondtochildrensemotionalneeds。 R引用这句话的意思是父母需要对儿童的情感需求做出反应。 是因为第三段第一句说婴儿看到父母的脸去理解这个世界， 如果父母没有表情或回应会对孩子产生不好的影响。 那么这里就需要父母对儿童的情感需求做出回应。29.Theoppressiveideologymentionedby Tronickrequiresparentsto_.AprotectkidsfromexposuretowildfantasiesBteachtheirkidsa
37、tleast30,000wordsa yearCensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildrenDremainconcernedaboutkidsuseofscreens解析：Censureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren。被 T所提到的压抑的理论需要父母去确保一直和他们的孩子继续沟通。通过 oppressiveideology可以定位在第四段的第二句，这里提到这种压抑的理论要求父母应该一直和孩子保持沟通和交流。这里 always和选项中的 constant是同义转换。30.AccordingtoTronick,kid
38、suseofscreensmay_.AgivetheirparentssomefreetimeBmaketheirparentsmorecreativeChelpthemwiththeirhomeworkDhelpthembecomemoreattentive解析：Agivetheirparentssomefreetime。根据 T,孩子使用喊叫可能是他们父母一些自由的时间。通过 Tronick和 screen我们可以定位在第四段的中后部分，T认为，因为孩子并不是从尖叫中学会什么， 也就意味着孩子尖叫并不意味着要吸引别人的重视， 相反是尖叫孩子让父母去洗澡、做家务或就是别打扰孩子。这几句话对应
39、选项里的 freetime，所以做题千万别靠自己的臆测而一定要根据原文。Text3Today,widespreadsocialpressureto immediatelygo to collegein conjunctionwithincreasinglyhighexpectationsin afast-movingworldoftencausesstudentsto completelyoverlookthepossibilityoftakinga gapyear.Afterall,ifeveryoneyouknowisgoingtocollegeinthefall,itseemssilly
40、tostaybackayear,doesntit?Andaftergoingtoschoolfor12 years,it欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！doesntfeelnaturaltospenda yeardoingsomethingthatisntacademic.Butwhilethismaybe true,itsnotagoodenoughreasontocondemngapyears.Theresalwaysaconstantfearof fallingbehindeveryoneelseon thesociallyp
41、erpetuatedracetothefinishline,whetherthatbe towardgraduateschool,medicalschoolor lucrativecareer.Butdespitecommonmisconceptions,a gapyeardoesnothinderthesuccessofacademicpursuitsinfact,itprobablyenhancesit.StudiesfromtheUnitedStatesandAustraliashowthatstudentswhotakeagapyeararegenerallybetterprepare
42、dforandperformbetterincollegethanthosewhodo not.Ratherthanpullingstudentsback,agapyearpushesthemaheadby preparingthemforindependence,newresponsibilitiesandenvironmentalchangesallthingsthatfirst-yearstudentsoftenstrugglewiththemost.Gapyearexperiencescanlessentheblowwhenitcomestoadjustingtocollegeandb
43、eingthrownintoa brandnewenvironment,makingiteasiertofocuson academicsandactivitiesratherthanacclimationblunders.Ifyourenotconvincedof theinherentvalueintakingayearofftoexploreinterests,thenconsideritsfinancialimpacton futureacademicchoices.AccordingtotheNationalCenterforEducationStatistics,nearly80
44、percentof collegestudentsendup changingtheirmajorsatleastonce.Thisisntsurprising,consideringthebasicmandatoryhighschoolcurriculumleavesstudentswithapoorunderstandingof themselveslistingonemajoron theircollegeapplications,butswitchingtoanotheraftertakingcollegeclasses.Itsnotnecessarilya badthing,butd
45、ependingontheschool,itcanbe costlytomakeup creditsafterswitchingtoolateinthegame.At BostonCollege,forexample,youwouldhavetocompletean extrayearwereyoutoswitchtothenursingschoolfromanotherdepartment.Takinga gapyeartofigurethingsoutinitiallycanhelppreventstressandsavemoneylateron.31.Oneofthereasonsfor
46、high-schoolgraduatesnottakinga gapyearisthat.AtheythinkitacademicallymisleadingBtheyhavea lotoffuntoexpectincollegeCitfeelsstrangetodo differentlyfromothersDitseemsworthlesstotakeoff-campuscourses解析： Citfeelsstrangetodo differentlyfromothers。 高中毕业生不进行间隔年起其中的一个原因是，这会让他们感觉和其他人不一样。这里找不到明显的定位词，但是 highsc
47、hoolgraduates我们还是可以看到第一段的 college,而文章的 staybacka year也就是题目里的 gapyear，那么文章里的 silly，对应选项宗的 strange,之所以不间隔年会让人觉得很蠢很奇怪。32.StudiesfromtheUS andAustraliaimplythattakinga gapyearhelps.AkeepstudentsfrombeingunrealisticBlowerrisksinchoosingcareersCeasefreshmensfinancialburdensDrelievefreshmenofpressures解析：Dr
48、elievefreshmenofpressures。来自于美国和澳大利亚的研究表明了进行间隔年会让新生减少压力。通过美国和澳大利亚，我们可以定位到第二段第一句：从美国和澳大利亚的研究表明，那些进行间隔年的学生通常能更好地准备和表现得更好比那些没有的同学。ABCD四个选项只有 D选项最相关。33.Thewordacclimation(Line8,Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto.AadaptationBapplication欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！CmotivationDcompetition解析：Aad
49、aptation。这个单词的意思是顺应。这个单词定位在第三段，看单词所在的那一句话：间隔年可以缓解冲击，当涉及调整适应大学和被丢到一个新的环境中，让人更容易聚焦在学术和活动的领域，而非_错误。前面都在说间隔年的好处，拿意味着后面也应该说间隔年的好处，把四个词都代入其中：顺应错误、申请错误、激励错误和竞争错误，而非顺应错误是最符合原文题意的。34.Agapyearmaysavemoneyforstudentsby helpingthem.AavoidacademicfailuresBestablishlong-termgoalsCswitchtoanothercollegeDdecideon t
50、herightmajor解析：Ddecideon therightmajor。间隔年可能可以通过帮助他们决定选择正确的专业而省钱。通过出题顺序和行文顺序一致的原则， 我们往下看， 原文中的 financial和题干中 money是同义词。文章说：如果你并没有找到你内在的兴趣，用一年的时间去探索你的兴趣，这会对你今后学术的选择产生经济上的影响。 经济上的影响就是题干中的省钱， 那么探索你的兴趣就是帮组他们选择一个正确的专业。这里要看懂才能作对题。35.Themostsuitabletitleforthistextwouldbe .AInFavoroftheGapYearBTheABCsofthe
51、GapYearCTheGapYearComesBackDTheGapYear:ADilemma解析：AInFavoroftheGapYear。文章最好的标题是倡导间隔年。这种标题题就是看每段的首句：第一段说今天社会压力很大，毕业生都忽略间隔年了。第二段说：没有足够的理由去批评间隔年， 话锋一转。 第三段说美国和澳洲的研究说间隔年能让学生更好地准备和更好地表现。第四段说，如果你没找到自己内在的兴趣，用一年的时间去探索，对你未来的学术选择会有经济方面的影响。所以作者是倡导间隔年的，选 A 。Text4Thoughoftenviewedasa problemforwesternstates,theg
52、rowingfrequencyofwildfiresisanationalconcernbecauseof itsimpacton federaltaxdollars,saysProfessorMax Moritz,aspecialistinfireecologyandmanagement.In 2015,theUS ForestServiceforthefirsttimespentmorethanhalfof its$5.5billionannualbudgetfightingfiresnearlydoublethepercentageitspenton suchefforts20 year
53、sago.In effect,fewerfederalfundstodayaregoingtowardstheagencysotherworksuchas forestconservation,watershedandculturalresourcesmanagement,andinfrastructureupkeepthataffectthelivesofallAmericans.Anothernationwideconcerniswhetherpublicfundsfromotheragenciesaregoingintoconstructioninfire-pronedistricts.
54、As Moritzputsit,howoftenarefederaldollarsbuildinghomesthatarelikelytobe losttoa wildfire?“Itsalreadya hugeproblemfroma publicexpenditureperspectiveforthewholecountry,”hesays.”We needtotakea magnifyingglasstothat.Like,“Waita minute,isthisOK?”“Dowe wantinsteadtoredirectthosefundstoconcentrateon lower-
55、hazardpartsofthelandscape?”SuchaviewwouldrequireacorrespondingshiftinthewayUS societytodayviewsfire,欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！researcherssay.Foronething,conversationsaboutwildfiresneedtobe moreinclusive.Overthepastdecade,thefocushasbeenon climatechangehowthewarmingoftheEarthfrom
56、greenhousegasesisleadingtoconditionsthatworsenfires.Whileclimateisa keyelement,Moritzsays,itshouldntcomeattheexpenseoftherestoftheequation.“Thehumansystemsandthelandscapeswe liveon arelinked,andtheinteractionsgo bothways,”he says.Failingtorecognizethat,he notes,leadsto“anoverlysimplifiedviewofwhatth
57、esolutionsmightbe.Ourperceptionof theproblemandof whatthesolutionisbecomesverylimited.”At thesametime,peoplecontinuetotreatfireasan eventthatneedstobe whollycontrolledandunleashedonlyoutof necessity,saysProfessorBalchattheUniversityof Colorado.Butacknowledgingfiresinevitablepresenceinhumanlifeisan a
58、ttitudecrucialtodevelopingthelaws,policies,andpracticesthatmakeitassafeaspossible,shesays.“Wevedisconnectedourselvesfromlivingwithfire,”Balchsays.“Itisreallyimportanttounderstandandtryandteaseoutwhatisthehumanconnectionwithfiretoday.”36.Morefrequentwildfireshavebecomea nationalconcernbecausein2015th
59、ey.AexhaustedunprecedentedmanagementeffortsBconsumeda record-highpercentageofbudgetCseverelydamagedtheecologyofwesternstatesDcauseda hugeriseofinfrastructureexpenditure解析：Bconsumeda record-highpercentageofbudget。更多常见的野外火灾成为了国际关心的主题在 2015年是因为它花费了大量的预算。根据 2015和 nationalconcern可以定位在第一段和第二段，其中第一段重合的关键词更
60、多，nationalconcern. wildfire和 because，第二段只是更具体说明，所以真正的原因在第一段：因为它会影响联邦税收。如果你看不懂，再加上第二段说 2015年花了一半多的预算，就和 B选项对应了。37.Moritzcallsfortheuseof“amagnifyingglass”to_.Araisemorefundsforfire-proneareasBavoidtheredirectionoffederalmoneyCfindwildfire-freepartsofthelandscapeDguaranteesaferspendingofpublicfunds解析:
61、 Dguaranteesaferspendingofpublicfunds。M倡导使用放大镜去保证安全地使用公共资金。通过题干中的 magnifyingglass可以定位在第四段的中间：我们需要使用 magnifyingglass去做这个。根据 that指代上文的原则，我们往上看到第一句话：从公共支出的前景看，对于整个国家，这已经是非常大的问题。这里的意思就是支出比较多，而 magnifyingglass自然就是控制支出的，选项里的 spending和文章中的 expenditure是同义转换的。38.Whileadmittingthatclimateisa keyelement， Morit
62、znotesthat_.ApublicdebateshavenotsettledyetBfire-fightingconditionsareimprovingCotherfactorsshouldnotbeoverlookedDa shiftintheviewoffirehastakenplace解析：Cotherfactorsshouldnotbe overlooked。当承认气候是一个关键因素，M认为欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！其他因素也不能被忽略。通过 climate、M这个人名和出题顺序和行文顺序一致的原则，我们可以定位
63、在第七段：当气候是关键因素时，完全对应了题干。M说不能在损坏剩下同等重要的为前提。言外之意就是不能忽略其他因素，这里有个短语attheexpenseof表示“ 在损害某事物的情况下”39.TheoverlysimplifiedviewMoritzmentionsisa resultoffailingto_.AdiscoverthefundamentalmakeupofnatureBexplorethemechanismofthehumansystemsCmaximizetheroleoflandscapeinhumanlifeDunderstandtheinterrelationsofmana
64、ndnature解析：Dunderstandtheinterrelationsofmanandnature。M提到的过度简化的观点其实是没有理解人和自然间的关系。通过 oversimplified我们可以定位在倒数第三段的中间。他认为，没有注意到那一点，会导致一个过度简化的解决方案。同样也是考的指代，that指代，第一句的：人类和我们所居住的自然是相联系的。所以原文来了个同义转换。40.ProfessorBalchpointsoutthatfireissomethingmanshould_.Ado awaywithBcometotermswithCpaya priceforDkeepawayf
65、rom解析：Bcometotermswith。B教授指出火和人应该和谐相处。通过 B教授我们可以定位在倒数第二段，but后是重点：但是，承认火是不可避免地出现在人类的生活中是一种态度，这种态度对法律、政策和实践的发展都非常关键，且可以尽可能地使火变得安全。所以 Ado waywith废除、C付出代价、D远离都不符合题意，只有 cometoterm表示与达成协议、妥协、让步的意思才是正确的同义转换。PartBDirections:Readthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumntoitscorrespondingi
66、nformationin therightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesin therightcolumn.Markyouranswerson theANSWERSHEET.(10points)Thedeclinein Americanmanufacturingisacommonrefrain,particularlyfromDonaldTrump.We dontmakeanythinganymore,he toldFoxNews,whiledefendinghisownmade-in-Mexicoclothingline.Withoutquestion,manu
67、facturinghastakenasignificanthitduringrecentdecades,andfurthertradedealsraisequestionsaboutwhethernewshockscouldhitmanufacturing.Butthereisalsoa differentwaytolookatthedata.Acrossthecountry,factoryownersarenowgrapplingwithanewchallenge:insteadofhavingtoomanyworkers,theymay endup withtoofew.Despitetr
68、adecompetitionandoutsourcing,Americanmanufacturingstillneedstoreplacetensofthousandsofretiringboomerseveryyears.Millennialsmay notbe thatinterestedin takingtheirplace,otherindustriesarerecruitingthemwithsimilarorbetterpay.Forfactoryowners,italladdsup tostiffcompetitionforworkersandupwardpressureonwa
69、ges.Theyrehardertofindandtheyhavejoboffers,saysJayDunwell,presidentofWolverine欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！CoilSpring,afamily-ownedfirm,Theymaybe comingintotheworkforce,buttheyvebeenpluckedby otherindustriesthatarealsodoingan wellasmanufacturing,Mr.Dunwellhasbegunbringinghighschool
70、juniorstothefactorysotheycangetexposedtoitsculture.At RoManManufacturing,a makerofelectricaltransformersandweldingequipmentthathisfathercofoundedin1980,RobertRothkeepa closeeyeon theageofhisnearly200workers,fiveareretiringthisyear.Mr.Rothhasthreecommunity-collegestudentsenrolledina work-placementpro
71、gram,witha startingwageof$13anhourthatrisesto$17aftertwoyears.At aworktableinsidethetransformerplant,youngJasonStenquistlooksflusteredby thecoppercoilshestryingtoassembleandthearrivaloftwovisitors.Itshisfirstweekon thejob.Askedabouthischoiceof career,he saysathighschoolhe consideredmedicalschoolbefo
72、reswitchingtoelectricalengineering.Iloveworkingwithtools.I lovecreating.he says.Butto winovertheseyoungworkers,manufacturershavetoclearanothermajorhurdle:parents,wholivedthroughtheworstUS economicdownturnsincetheGreatDepression,tellingthemtoavoidthefactory.Millennialsremembertheirfatherandmotherboth
73、werelaidoff.Theyblameiton themanufacturingrecession,saysBirgitKlohs,chiefexecutiveofTheRightPlace,abusinessdevelopmentagencyforwesternMichigan.Theseconcernsarentmisplaced:Employmentinmanufacturinghasfallenfrom17 millionin1970to 12 millionin 2013.Whentherecoverybegan,workershortagesfirstappearedin th
74、ehigh-skilledtrades.Nowshortagesareappearingatthemid-skilllevels.Thegapisbetweenthejobsthattaketoskillsandthosethatrequirea lotofskill,saysRobSpohr,a businessprofessoratMontcalmCommunityCollege.TherereenoughpeopletofillthejobsatMcDonaldsandotherplaceswhereyoudontneedtohavemuchskill.Itsthatgapinbetwe
75、en,andthatswheretheproblemis.JulieParksof GrandRapidsCommunitypointstoanotherkeyto luringMillennialsintomanufacturing:awork/lifebalance.Whiletheirparentswerecontenttoworklonghours,youngpeoplevalueflexibility.Overtimeisnotattractivetothisgeneration.Theyreallywanttolivetheirlives,shesays.41.JayDeuwell
76、42.JasonStenquist43.BirgitKlohs44.RobSpohr45.JulieParksAsaysthatheswitchedtoelectricalengineeringbecausehe lovesworkingwithtools.Bpointsoutthatthereareenoughpeopletofillthejobsthatdontneedmuchskill.CpointsoutthattheUS doesntmanufactureanythinganymore.Dbelievesthatitisimportanttokeepa closeeyeon thea
77、geofhisworkers.Esaysthatforfactoryowners,workersarehardertofindbecauseofstiffcompetition.Fpointsoutthata work/lifebalancecanattractyoungpeopleintomanufacturing.Gsaysthatthemanufacturingrecessionisto blameforthelay-offtheyoungpeoplesparents.参考答案：EAGBF41.41.E。 【解祈】 根据 JayDeuwell定位至第五段第三行， 该段第二行为其直接引语“
78、Theyre欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！hardertofindandtheyhavejoboffers”，把 they还原为五段句苢 factoryowners。五段前两句话中细书信息 factoryowners、stiffcompetition、hardertofind均与 E选项中大量信息构成替换，故选 E 。42.A。【解祈】根据 JasonStenquist定位至第七段首句，在该段后两句，提到 he consideredmedicalschoolbeforeswitchingtoelectronicalengineer
79、ing以及 I loveworkingwithtools均能和 A选项中表达相符，故选 A 。43.G 。【解祈】根据 BirgitKlohs定位至第八段第五行，人名前句提到 theyblameiton themanufacturingrecession,代词承前指代， 上一句提到了 theirfatherandmotherbothwerelaidoff,这两句和 G选项中信息能够成完全的同意替换，故选 G 。44.B。 【解祈】 根据 RobSpohr定位至第十段第二行， 该段第三行提到 thereareenoughpeopletofillthejobsatMcDonaldsandother
80、placesvhereyoudontneedtohavemuchskill,该句能跟B选项完全地同意替换，故选 B 。45.F。 【解祈】根据 MieParks，定位至第末端首行，在第二行提到 luringintomanufacturing:a worklifebalance，lure和 attract构成同意替换，该句和 F选项意思相同，故选 F 。SectionIIITranslation46.Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.Writeyourtranslationneatlyon theANSWERSHEET.(15poin
81、ts)My dreamhasalwaysbeentoworksomewhereinan areabetweenfashionandpublishing.Twoyearsbeforegraduatingfromsecondaryschool,I tooka sewinganddesigncoursethinkingthatI wouldmoveon toa fashiondesigncourse.However,duringthatcourseI realizedI wasnotgoodenoughinthisareatocompetewithothercreativepersonalities
82、inthefuture,so I decidedthatitwasnottherightpathforme.BeforeapplyingforuniversityI toldeveryonethatI wouldstudyjournalism,becausewritingwas,andstillis,oneofmy favouriteactivities.But,tobe honest,I saidit, becauseI thoughtthatfashionandme togetherwasjusta dreamIknewthatno onecouldimagineme inthefashi
83、onindustryatall!So I decidedtolookforsomefashion-relatedcoursesthatincludedwriting.ThisiswhenI noticedthecourseFashionMedia&Promotion.My dreamhasalwaysbeento worksomewhereinan areabetweenfashionandpublishing.我的梦想一直是在时尚界或者出版界找份工作。分析：简单句型，直接翻译即可。Two yearsbeforegraduatingfromsecondaryschool,I tookasewi
84、nganddesigncoursethinkingthatI wouldmoveon toafashiondesigncourse.中学毕业之前的两年， 我学习了一门缝纫和设计的课程， 想着我可以继续学习时尚设计的课程。分析：thinkingthat伴随状语。Moveon 继续。整体句子比较简单。However,duringthatcourseI realizedthatI wasnotgoodenoughinthisareato competewithothercreativepersonalitiesinthefuture,so I decidedthatit欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档
85、来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！was not the right path for me.然而这门课程让我意识到， 将来在这个领域我并没有足够优秀去和其他创新人才竞争。因此我认为这条路并不适合我。分析：during that course 是时间状语，I 是主语，realized 是谓语动词，that引导宾语从句，其中 personalities 不能理解为个性，品格，在文中应该指精英，人才，so 引导的结果状语从句中也是主语，谓语加宾语从句的结构。Before applying for university I told everyone that I wo
86、uld study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favorite activities.申请大学之前，我告诉所有人我会学新闻， 因为写作曾经是我的最爱之一，现在也是。分析：Before 引导时间状语，that 引导宾语从句，because 引导原因状语从句，本句要注意writing was, and still is, one of my favorite activities 这一部分中was和 is 的翻译方法，表示过去和将来的状态，过去是，现在也是。But, to be absolutely hones
87、t, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream - I knew that no one, apart from myself, could imagine me in the fashion industry at all!但是说实话， 我这么说是因为我觉得从事设计对我来说只是一个梦想。 我知道除了我自己，压根没人能想象到我会干这一行。分析：主句是主谓宾结构 I said it，because 引导原因状语从句，从句中是 I thought that 主谓加宾从结构。注意小句的关系。全
88、句意为：但是说实话，我这么说是因为我觉得从事设计对我来说只是一个梦想。 我知道除了我自己， 压根没人能想象到我会干这一行。So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. This is when I noticed the course Fashion Media & Promotion.因此我决定找一些与时尚有关又包含写作的课程，就在这时，我注意到了“时尚媒体与推广”的课程。Section III WritingPart A47.Directions:Suppose you are in
89、vited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students.Write a reply to1) Accepttheinvitation,and2) Introducethekeypointsofyourpresentation.Youshouldwriteabout100wordson theANSWERSHEET.Do notuseyourownname.Use“LiMing”instead.Do notwriteyouraddre
90、ss.(10points).欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！参考例文：DearProfessor，Itsreallymy greathonortoreceiveyourinvitationfortheChineseculturepresentation.I am veryhappytoacceptitandshowsincerethanksforyourinvitation.As forthecontentofthepresentation,tobeginwith,I wouldliketointroducetastyChinese
91、foodwhichmustbe attractiveto thestudents.Moreover,traditionalChineseartslikeoperaandcalligraphywillbe thesecondpartfortheyaretheelementswhichmostlyrepresenttheessenceof Chineseculture.Finally,thepresentationwillshowthetypicalChinesearchitectureswhichincludesThePalaceMuseumandBeijingSiheyuan.I am sur
92、ethestudentswillenjoythepresentationandlearnmoreaboutChineseculture.Thanksforyourinvitationagain.YoursSincerelyLingMingPartBWritean essaybasedon thefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)Giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150wordson theANSWERSHEET.(15points)参考例文欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本
93、文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！The above chart demonstrates clearly that changes have taken place in theamount of museums and visitors. From the figures, there is no doubt that the numberof visitors witnessed an increase from 6378 in the year of 2013 to 7811 in 2015.In themeantime, the figure of
94、museums has a subtle rise in the two years from 4165 to 4697which is not in the same step with the increase of visitors.The rise of amount of museums and visitors indicates that there is a significantimprovement of peoples living standards. They tend to care more about entertainmentand traveling whi
95、ch represent higher life quality. What accounts for this trend? Frommy own view, this situation is caused mainly by two factors. At the beginning, withthe development of economy, an increasing number of people are getting better paidas well as the social welfare. People begin to spend more money and
96、 energy onentertainment which leads to the increase of visitors. Furthermore, the governmentpays more attention to the life quality of people and then support the construction ofmuseums. In this way, it is not weird to see the rise of museums.Taking into account what has been discussed so far, we could draw a soundconclusion that the increase of museums and visitors will keep going to fulfillpeoples demand on life quality. It will also promote the development of the nationsculture.
