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1、International Regulation for Preventing Collision at Sea, 1972 （COLREG 72 ） 19721972年国际海上避碰规则年国际海上避碰规则Structure of COLREG 72 5 Parts （章）章） 38 Rules （条）条） 4 Annex （附录）附录） Part A: General (总则）总则）Part B: Steering and Sailing Rules （驾驶与航行规则）驾驶与航行规则）Part C: Lights and Shapes （号灯与号型）（号灯与号型）Part D: Sound a
2、nd Lights Signals （灯光与声响信号）（灯光与声响信号）Part E: Exemptions （豁免）豁免） PART A GENERAL第一章第一章 总总 则则 （Three Rules Rule 1-3) （共有三条规则（共有三条规则 第第1-31-3条）条） RULE： Application 第一条：适用范围第一条：适用范围 RULE： Responsibilities 第二条：责任第二条：责任 RULE： General Definitions 第三条：一般定义第三条：一般定义 PART B - STEERING AND SAILING RULES 第二章第二章 驾驶
3、与航行规则驾驶与航行规则SECTION 1: 第一节第一节 任何能见度情况下的行动任何能见度情况下的行动 Conduct of Vessels in any Condition of VisibilitySECTION II: 第二节第二节 船舶在互见中的行动船舶在互见中的行动 Conduct of Vessels in Sight of One AnotherSECTION III: 第三节第三节 能见度不良时的行动能见度不良时的行动 Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility SECTION I - Conduct of Vessels in a
4、ny Condition of Visibility 第一节第一节 船舶在任何能见度情况下的行动船舶在任何能见度情况下的行动 Rule 4 : Application 适用范围适用范围 Rule 5 : Look-out 了望了望 Rule 6 : Safe Speed 安全航速安全航速. . Rule 7 : Risk of Collision 碰撞危险碰撞危险. . Rule 8 : Action to avoid Collision 避免碰撞的行动避免碰撞的行动. . Rule 9 : Narrow Channels 狭水道狭水道 Rule 10 : Traffic Separation
5、 Schemes 分道通航制分道通航制.SECTION II - Conduct of Vessels in Sight of One Another第二节第二节 船舶在互见中的行动船舶在互见中的行动 Rule 11 : Application 适用范围适用范围 Rule 12 : Sailing Vessels 帆船帆船 Rule 13 : Overtaking 追越追越 Rule 14 : Head-on Situation 对遇局面对遇局面 Rule 15 : Crossing Situation 交叉局面交叉局面 Rule 16 : Action by Give-way Vessel
6、让路船的行动让路船的行动 Rule 17 : Action by Stand-on Vessel 直航船的行动直航船的行动 Rule 18 : Responsibilities between Vessels 船舶之间的责任船舶之间的责任SECTION III - Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility第三节第三节 能见度不良时的行动能见度不良时的行动 Rule 19 :Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility. 船舶在能见度不良时的行动船舶在能见度不良时的行动PART C - LIGHTS AND
7、SHAPES Rule 20 : Application 适用范围适用范围 Rule 21 : Definitions 定义定义 Rule 22 : Visibility of Lights 号灯可见距离号灯可见距离 Rule 23 : Power-driven Vessels underway 在航机动船在航机动船 Rule 24 : Towing and Pushing.拖带和顶推拖带和顶推 Rule 25 : Sailing Vessels underway and Vessels under Oars.在航帆船和划桨船在航帆船和划桨船 Rule 26 : Fishing Vessels
8、 渔船渔船 Rule 27 : Vessels not under Command or Restricted in their Ability to Manoeuvre 失控船和操纵能力受到限制的船失控船和操纵能力受到限制的船 Rule 28 : Vessels constrained by their Draught 限于吃水的船舶限于吃水的船舶 Rule 29 : Pilot Vessels. 引航船引航船 Rule 30 : Anchored Vessels and Vessels aground 锚泊船和搁浅船锚泊船和搁浅船 Rule 31 : Seaplanes 水上飞机水上飞机
9、PART D : Sound and Light SignalsRule 32: Definitions 定义定义Rule 33: Equipment for Sound Signals声响设备声响设备 Rule 34 : Manoeuvring and Warning Signals 操纵与警告信号操纵与警告信号 Rule 35 : Sound Signals in Restricted Visibility 能见度不良时的声响信号能见度不良时的声响信号Rule 36 : Signals to Attract Attention招引注意的信号招引注意的信号Rule 37 : Distress
10、 Signals 遇险信号遇险信号 PART E: EXEMPTIONS Rule 38 Exemptions Rule Application ( Including Five Items) 第一条第一条 适用范围适用范围 ( 共有共有5 款款)Applied vessels and waters适用的船舶与水域适用的船舶与水域 （a）These rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels.( (本
11、规则适用于在公海和连接公海而本规则适用于在公海和连接公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶船舶) )Special rules made by authority主管机构指定的特殊规则主管机构指定的特殊规则 (b) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of special rules made by an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbour, river, lakes and inland waterways connected
12、 with the high seas and navigable by seagoing vessel. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules. 本规则各条，不妨碍有关主管机关为连接公海而可本规则各条，不妨碍有关主管机关为连接公海而可供海船航行的一切水域的任何港外锚地、港口、江供海船航行的一切水域的任何港外锚地、港口、江河、湖泊及内陆水道制定的特殊规定的实施。这些河、湖泊及内陆水道制定的特殊规定的实施。这些特殊规定，应尽可能符合本规则各条特殊规定，应尽可能符合本规则各条Special ru
13、les made by Government政府指定的特殊规则政府指定的特殊规则 (c) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of special rules made by the with respect to additional station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals for ships of war and vessels proceeding under convoy, or with respect with to additional
14、station or signal lights, shapes for fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet. These additional station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals shall, as far as possible, be such that they cannot be mistaken for any light, shape or signal authorized elsewhere under these Rules. 本规则各条，不妨碍各国政
15、府为军舰本规则各条，不妨碍各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制定的关于额外的队及护航下的船舶所制定的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号、或者为结形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号、或者为结对从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的对从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯或号型的任何特殊规定队形灯、信号灯或号型的任何特殊规定的实施。这些额外的队形灯、信号灯、的实施。这些额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型及号笛，尽可能不致被误认为本规号型及号笛，尽可能不致被误认为本规则其他条文所规定的任何号灯、号型或则其他条文所规定的任何号灯、号型或信号。信号。TSS Adopted by IMOIMO 采纳的采纳的TSS(d) T
16、raffic Separation Schemes may be adopted by the Organization for the purpose of these Rules. （为了实施本规则，本组织可以采纳（为了实施本规则，本组织可以采纳分道通航制）分道通航制）Special Structure and Purpose Vessel特殊结构特殊结构 和用途的船舶和用途的船舶(e) Whenever the Government concerned shall have determined that a vessel of special construction or purpo
17、se cannot comply fully with the provisions of any of these Rules with respect to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signaling appliances(to(to be continued), be continued), such vessel shall comply with suc
18、h other provisions in regard to the number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics of sound-signaling appliances, as her Government shall have determined to be the closest possible compliance with these Rules in respect of that ves
19、sel. 凡凡经经有有关关政政府府确确定定，某某种种特特殊殊结结构构或或用用途途的的船船舶舶，如如不不能能完完全全遵遵守守本本规规则则任任何何一一条条关关于于号号灯灯或或号号型型的的数数量量、位位置置、能能见见距距离离或或弧弧度度以以及及声声号号设设备备的的配配置置和和特特性性的的规规定定时时，则则应应遵遵守守其其政政府府在在号号灯灯或或号号型型的的数数量量、位位置置、能能见见距距离离或或弧弧度度以以及及声声号号设设备备的的配配置置和和特特性性方方面面为为之之另另行行确确定定的的尽尽可可能能符符合合本规则的规定本规则的规定。 Rule 2 Responsibility (Including 2
20、 items)第二条第二条 责任责任 (共有共有2款款)Neglect Clause 过失条款(a) Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or
21、 by the special circumstances of the case. . . 本规各条则并不免除任何船舶或其所有人、船本规各条则并不免除任何船舶或其所有人、船长或是船员由于对遵守本规则各条的任何疏忽长或是船员由于对遵守本规则各条的任何疏忽,或或者对海员通常做法或当时特殊情况可能要求的任何者对海员通常做法或当时特殊情况可能要求的任何戒备上的疏忽而产生的各种后果的责任戒备上的疏忽而产生的各种后果的责任。 (b) In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of
22、 navigation and collision and to any special circumstances，including the limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger. . . 在解释和遵行本规则各条规定时在解释和遵行本规则各条规定时, , 应充分考虑应充分考虑 一切航行和碰撞的危险以及包括当时船舶条件限制一切航行和碰撞的危险以及包括当时船舶条件限制在内的任何特殊情况，这些危险和特殊情
23、况可能需在内的任何特殊情况，这些危险和特殊情况可能需要背离本规则条款以避免紧迫危险。要背离本规则条款以避免紧迫危险。 Neglect Clause 过失条款 Rule 3 第三条第三条General Definitions 一般定义一般定义 (a) The word “vessel” includes every description of water craft, including non-displacement craft, WIG craft and seaplane, used or capable of being used as a means of transportati
24、on on water 1 1.“.“船舶船舶”一词指用作或能够用作水上运一词指用作或能够用作水上运输工具的船筏输工具的船筏, , 包括非排水船舶、地效翼包括非排水船舶、地效翼船和水上飞机。船和水上飞机。 (b)(b) The term “power-driven vessel ” means any vessel propelled by machinery. “机动船机动船”是指是指用机器推进的任何用机器推进的任何船舶船舶, , 包括装有机器并正在使用机器包括装有机器并正在使用机器作推进动力的帆船。作推进动力的帆船。 (c)(c)The term “sailing vessel” mean
25、s any vessel under sail provided that propelling machinery,if fitted, is not being used. “帆船帆船” 是是指任何驶帆的船舶，包括指任何驶帆的船舶，包括装有推进器而不在使用者。装有推进器而不在使用者。 (d)(d) The term “vessel engaged in fishing ” means any vessel fishing with nets, lines,trawler or other fishing apparatus which restrict maneuverability, b
26、ut does not include a vessel fishing with trolling lines or other fishing apparatus which do not restrict manoevurability. “从事捕鱼的船舶从事捕鱼的船舶”是指使用网具、绳钓、拖网是指使用网具、绳钓、拖网或其他使其操纵性能受到限制的任何船舶或其他使其操纵性能受到限制的任何船舶, ,但并不包但并不包括使用曳绳钓或其他并不使其操纵性能受到限制的括使用曳绳钓或其他并不使其操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕渔的船舶。渔具捕渔的船舶。 (e)(e) The word “seaplane” in
27、cludes any aircraft designed to manoeuvre on the water . “水上飞机水上飞机”是指为能在水面操纵是指为能在水面操纵而设计的任何航空器（飞机、飞艇、而设计的任何航空器（飞机、飞艇、水陆两栖型）水陆两栖型） (f)(f) The term “vessel not under command” means a vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to manoevure as required by these rules and is therefore u
28、nable to keep out of way of another vessel. “失去控制的船舶失去控制的船舶”是指由于某种异常的是指由于某种异常的情况，不能按规则各条的要求进行操纵，因情况，不能按规则各条的要求进行操纵，因而不能给他船让路的船舶。而不能给他船让路的船舶。 (g)(g) The term “vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre” means a vessel which from the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as r
29、equires by these rules and is therefore unable to keep out of way of another vessel. “操纵能力受到限制的船舶操纵能力受到限制的船舶” 是指由于是指由于工作性质，使其按规则要求进行操纵的能力受工作性质，使其按规则要求进行操纵的能力受到限制到限制, , 因而不能给他船让路的船舶因而不能给他船让路的船舶。 (h)(h)The term “vessel constrained by her draught” means a power-driven vessel which because of her draugh
30、t in relation to the available depth and width of navigable water is severely restricted in her ability to deviate from the course she is following. “限于吃水的船舶限于吃水的船舶”是指是指由于吃水与可航水域的由于吃水与可航水域的深度和宽度的关系，致使其驶离所驶航向的能力深度和宽度的关系，致使其驶离所驶航向的能力严重受到限制的机动船严重受到限制的机动船 (i)(i) The word “underway ” means that vessel is
31、 not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground. “在航在航” 是是指船舶不在锚泊、系指船舶不在锚泊、系岸和搁浅岸和搁浅。 (j)(j) The word “length” and “Breadth” of a vessel mean her length overall and greatest breadth. 船舶的船舶的“长度长度” 和和“宽度宽度” 是指是指船舶的总长度和最大宽度船舶的总长度和最大宽度。 (k)(k) Vessel shall be deemed to be “in sight of one another
32、” only when one can be observed visually from the other. “互见互见”是指是指只有当一船能自他船以视只有当一船能自他船以视觉看到时，才认为两船是在互见中觉看到时，才认为两船是在互见中。 (l)(l) The term “restricted visibility ” means any condition in which visibility is restricted by fog, mist, falling snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms or any other similar causes
33、. “能见度不良能见度不良”指任何由于雾、下雪、暴指任何由于雾、下雪、暴风雨、霾、沙暴或其他原因而使能见度受到限制风雨、霾、沙暴或其他原因而使能见度受到限制的情况的情况. .其他原因包括：城市的烟雾与尘埃其他原因包括：城市的烟雾与尘埃。 (m) The term Wing-In-Ground craft means a multi-modal craft which, in its main operational mode, files in close proximity to surface by utilizing surface-effect action. 13 13“地效翼船地效
34、翼船”一词系指多式船艇，一词系指多式船艇，其主要操作方式是利用表面效应贴近水其主要操作方式是利用表面效应贴近水面飞行。面飞行。 Part B ( (第二章）第二章）Steering and Sailing Rules驾驶和航行规则驾驶和航行规则 SECTION 1 ( 第一节）第一节） Conduct of Vessel in Any Condition of Visibility （船舶在任何能见度情况下的行动规则船舶在任何能见度情况下的行动规则) Rule 4 Application (第四条第四条 适用范围）适用范围） Rules in this section apply in any
35、 condition of visibility. 本节各条适用于任何能见度的情况本节各条适用于任何能见度的情况 Rule Five Look-out (第五条第五条 了望）了望）Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the
36、 situation and of the risk of collision.每一船舶任何时侯应采用视觉、听见以及适合当每一船舶任何时侯应采用视觉、听见以及适合当时环境和情况下一切有效的手段保持正规的了望，时环境和情况下一切有效的手段保持正规的了望，以便对局面和碰撞危险做出充分的估计。以便对局面和碰撞危险做出充分的估计。 Rule Five Safe Speed (第五条第五条 安全航速）安全航速）Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effective
37、action to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions. 每一船舶在任何时侯均应用安全航速，以便能每一船舶在任何时侯均应用安全航速，以便能采取适当而有效的避碰让行动，并能在适合当采取适当而有效的避碰让行动，并能在适合当时环境和条件的距离内把船停住。时环境和条件的距离内把船停住。 Rule Seven Risk of Collision （碰撞危险）碰撞危险） （Rule 7 including 4 items） （第
38、七条共包括第七条共包括4 4款）款） (a) Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and condition to determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist. . . 每一船舶应用适合当时环境和条件的一切每一船舶应用适合当时环境和条件的一切手段断定是否存在碰撞危险手段断定是否存在碰撞危险, , 如有怀疑则应认如
39、有怀疑则应认为存在这种危险。为存在这种危险。(b) Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational, including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic observation of detected objects. . 如装有雷达设备并可使用的话，则应正确予如装有雷达设备并可使用的话，则应正确予以使用，包括远距离扫瞄
40、，以便获得碰撞危险的以使用，包括远距离扫瞄，以便获得碰撞危险的早期警报，并对探测到的物标进行雷达标绘或与早期警报，并对探测到的物标进行雷达标绘或与其相当的系统观察。其相当的系统观察。 (c) Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar information. .不应当根据不充分的资料不应当根据不充分的资料, ,特别是不充分的雷特别是不充分的雷达观测资料做出推断达观测资料做出推断(d) In determining if risk of collision e
41、xists the following consideration shall be among those taken into account:4. 4. 在断定是否存在碰撞危险时在断定是否存在碰撞危险时, , 考虑的因素应考虑的因素应包括以下各点包括以下各点: :(i) such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change; 1)1)如果来船的罗经方位没有什么变化如果来船的罗经方位没有什么变化, , 则应则应认为存在这种危
42、险认为存在这种危险; ;(ii) such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel at a close range.2)2)即使有明显的方位变化即使有明显的方位变化, , 有时也存在这种有时也存在这种危险危险, , 特别是在驶近一艘很大的船舶或拖带特别是在驶近一艘很大的船舶或拖带船组时船组时, ,或是近距离
43、驶近它船时。或是近距离驶近它船时。 Rule Eight Action to avoid collision 避免碰撞危险的行动避免碰撞危险的行动 （Rule 8 including 6 items） (第七条共包括第七条共包括6款款) (a) Any action taken to avoid collision shall be taken in accordance with the Rules of this part and shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be positive, made in ample time a
44、nd with due regard to the observance of good seamanship.1. 1. 应根据本章各条采取避免碰撞所采取的应根据本章各条采取避免碰撞所采取的任何行动任何行动，如当时环境许可，应是积极地、如当时环境许可，应是积极地、并应及早地进行和注意运用良好的船艺并应及早地进行和注意运用良好的船艺。 (b) Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be large enough to be r
45、eadily apparent to another vessel observing visually or by radar; a succession of small alteration of course and/or speed should be avoided. 2. 2. 为避免碰撞而作的航向和（或）航速的为避免碰撞而作的航向和（或）航速的任何变动，如当时环境许可，应大得足以使任何变动，如当时环境许可，应大得足以使他船用视觉和雷达观察时容易察觉到，应避他船用视觉和雷达观察时容易察觉到，应避免对航向和（或）航速作一连串的小变动免对航向和（或）航速作一连串的小变动。 .(c)
46、If there is sufficient sea room, alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid a close-quarters situation provided that it is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in another close-quarters situation. 3.3.如有足够的水域，则单用转向可能是避免如有足够的水域，则单用转向可能是避免紧迫局面的最有效行动，倘若这种行动是及紧
47、迫局面的最有效行动，倘若这种行动是及时的、大幅度的并且不致造成另一紧迫局面时的、大幅度的并且不致造成另一紧迫局面。(d) Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall be such as to result in passing at a safe distance. The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally pass and clear.4. 4. 为避免与他船碰撞而所采取的行动
48、，应为避免与他船碰撞而所采取的行动，应能导致在安全距离驶过。应细心查核避让能导致在安全距离驶过。应细心查核避让行动的有效性，直到最后驶过让清为止。行动的有效性，直到最后驶过让清为止。(e) If necessary to avoid collision or allow more time to assess the situation, a vessel shall slacken her speed or take all her way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion.5. 5. 如须避免碰撞或须留有更多时间来估计
49、如须避免碰撞或须留有更多时间来估计局面，局面， 船舶应当减速或者停止或倒转推进船舶应当减速或者停止或倒转推进器把船停住。器把船停住。 (f) (i) A vessel which, by any of these rules, is required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel shall, when required by the circumstances of the case, take early action to allow sufficient sea room for the pass
50、age of the other vessel. 6.(1) 6.(1) 据本规则的任何规定，要求不得妨碍据本规则的任何规定，要求不得妨碍另一艘船舶的通过或安全通过的船舶应根据另一艘船舶的通过或安全通过的船舶应根据当时环境的需要及早采取行动以留出足够的当时环境的需要及早采取行动以留出足够的水域供其他船舶安全通过水域供其他船舶安全通过。 (ii) A vessel required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel is not relieved of his obligation if approaching
51、 the other vessel so as to involve risk of collision and shall, when taking action, have full regard to the action which may be required by the rules of this part. (2) (2) 如果在接近其他船舶致有碰撞危险时，被如果在接近其他船舶致有碰撞危险时，被要求不得妨碍另一艘船舶的通过或安全通过的要求不得妨碍另一艘船舶的通过或安全通过的船舶并不解除这一责任，在采取行动时，应充船舶并不解除这一责任，在采取行动时，应充分考虑到本章各条可能要求
52、的行动。分考虑到本章各条可能要求的行动。 (iii) A vessel the passage of which is not to be impeded remains fully obliged to comply with the rules of this part when two vessels are approaching one another so as to involve risk of collision. (3) (3) 当两船相互接致有碰撞危险时，其当两船相互接致有碰撞危险时，其通过不得被妨碍的船舶仍有完全遵守本通过不得被妨碍的船舶仍有完全遵守本章各条规定的责任章
53、各条规定的责任。Unit Six Narrow Channel 狭水道狭水道 (a) A vessel proceeding along the course of narrow channel or fairway shall keep as near to the outer limit of the channel of fairway which lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable. 1. 1. 船舶沿狭水道或航道行使时，只要安全可船舶沿狭水道或航道行使时，只要安全可行，应尽量靠近本船右舷的该水道或航道的行，应尽量
54、靠近本船右舷的该水道或航道的外缘行驶外缘行驶。 (b) A vessel of less than 20 meters in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway. 2 2. .帆船或者长度小于帆船或者长度小于2020米的船舶，不应妨碍米的船舶，不应妨碍只能在狭水道和航道内安全航行的船舶通行。只能在狭水道和航道内安全航行的船舶通行。(c) A vessel engag
55、ed in fishing shall not impede the passage of any other vessel in navigating only within a narrow channel or fairway. 3.3.从事捕鱼的船舶，不应妨碍任何从事捕鱼的船舶，不应妨碍任何其他在狭水道或航道以内航行的船舶其他在狭水道或航道以内航行的船舶通行。通行。 (d) A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a vessel which
56、 can safely navigate only within such channel or fairway. The latter vessel may use the sound signal prescribed in Rule 34(d) if in doubt as to the intention of the crossing vessel. 4 4. .船舶不应穿越狭水道或航道，如果这种穿越会妨碍船舶不应穿越狭水道或航道，如果这种穿越会妨碍只能在这种水道或航道以内航行的船舶通行。后者只能在这种水道或航道以内航行的船舶通行。后者若对穿越船的意图有怀疑时，可以使用第三十四条若对
57、穿越船的意图有怀疑时，可以使用第三十四条44款所规定的相应声号。款所规定的相应声号。 (e) (i) In a narrow channel or fairway when overtaking can take place only if the vessel to be overtaken has to take action to permit safe passing, the vessel intending to overtaking shall indicate her intention by sounding the appropriate signal prescribed
58、 in Rule 34(C)(i). 5.(1) 5.(1) 在在狭狭水水道道或或航航道道内内，如如只只有有在在被被追追越越船船必必须须采采取取行行动动以以允允许许安安全全通通过过才才能能追追越越时时，则则企企图图追追越越的的船船，应应鸣鸣放放第第三三十十四四条条第第3 3款款(1)(1)项项所所规规定定的的相相应应声声号号，以以表示本船的意图表示本船的意图 The vessel to be overtaken shall, if in agreement sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(C)(ii) and take st
59、eps to permit safe pass. If in doubt she may sound the signals prescribed in Rule 34(d). 被被追追越越船船如如果果同同意意，应应鸣鸣放放第第三三十十四四条条3 3款款(2)(2)项项所所规规定定的的相相应应声声号号、并并采采取取使使之之能能安安全全通通过过的的措措施施。如如有有怀怀疑疑，则则可可以以鸣鸣放放第第三三十十四条四条44款所规定的声号款所规定的声号。 (e) (ii) This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligatio
60、n under Rule 13. 5.(2) 本本条条并并不不解解除除追追越越船船根根据据第十三条所负的义务。第十三条所负的义务。 (f) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall navigate with particular alertness and caution and shall sound the appropriate signal prescr
61、ibed in Rule 34(e). 6.6.船舶在驶近可能被居间障碍物遮蔽他船的船舶在驶近可能被居间障碍物遮蔽他船的狭水道或航道的弯头或地段时，应特别机警狭水道或航道的弯头或地段时，应特别机警和谨慎地驾驶，并应鸣放第三十四条和谨慎地驾驶，并应鸣放第三十四条5 5款所规款所规定的相应声号。定的相应声号。(g) Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid anchoring in a narrow channel. 7. 任何船舶，如当时环境许可，都应避任何船舶，如当时环境许可，都应避免在狭水道内锚泊。免在狭水
62、道内锚泊。 Unit Seven Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) 分道通航制分道通航制 (Rule 10 Including 12 Items) (a) This Rule applies to traffic separation schemes adopted by the Organization and does not relieve any vessel of her obligation under any other rule. 1. 1. 本条适用于本组织所采纳的分道通航制，本条适用于本组织所采纳的分道通航制，但并不解除任何船舶遵守任何其他各
63、条规定但并不解除任何船舶遵守任何其他各条规定的责任。的责任。 (b) A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall: ( (使用分道通航制区域的船舶应使用分道通航制区域的船舶应) ) (i) proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow for that lane; (1)(1)在相应的通航分道内顺着该分道的船在相应的通航分道内顺着该分道的船舶总流向行驶舶总流向行驶(ii) so far as practicable keep
64、clear of a traffic separation line and separation zone; ( (2)2)尽可能让开通航分隔线或分隔带尽可能让开通航分隔线或分隔带(iii) normally join or leave at traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but when joining or leaving from either side shall do so at as smaller angle to the general direction of traffic flow as practicable
65、. (3)(3)通常在通航分道的端部驶进或驶出，但从通常在通航分道的端部驶进或驶出，但从分道的任何一侧驶过或驶出时，应与分道的船分道的任何一侧驶过或驶出时，应与分道的船舶总流向形成尽可能小的角度。舶总流向形成尽可能小的角度。 (c) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid crossing traffic lanes, but if obliged to do so shall cross on a heading as nearly as practicable at rightright angle to the general directi
66、on of traffic flow. 3.3.船舶应尽可能避免穿越通航分道，船舶应尽可能避免穿越通航分道，但如不得不穿越时，则应尽可能与分道但如不得不穿越时，则应尽可能与分道的船舶总流向成直角的航向穿越。的船舶总流向成直角的航向穿越。 (d) (i) A vessel shall not use an inshore traffic zone when she can safely use the appropriate traffic lane within the adjacent traffic separation scheme. However, vessels of less t
67、han 20 meters in length, sailing vessels and vessels engaged in fishing may use the inshore traffic zone. 4.(1)4.(1)当船舶可安全使用邻近分道通航制区域中相当船舶可安全使用邻近分道通航制区域中相应通航分道时应通航分道时, ,不应使用沿岸通航带，但长度小不应使用沿岸通航带，但长度小2020米米的船舶、帆船和从事捕鱼的船舶可使用沿岸通航带；的船舶、帆船和从事捕鱼的船舶可使用沿岸通航带； (e) A vessel other than a crossing vessel or a ves
68、sel joining or leaving a lane shall not normally enter a separation zone or cross a separation line except:(i) in cases of emergency to avoid immediate danger; (ii) to engage in fishing within a separation zone. 5. 5. 除穿越船或者驶近或驶出通航分道的船除穿越船或者驶近或驶出通航分道的船舶外舶外, ,船舶通常不应进入分隔带或穿越崐分船舶通常不应进入分隔带或穿越崐分隔线，除非：隔线，
69、除非：(1)(1)在紧急情况下避免紧迫危在紧急情况下避免紧迫危险；险；(2)(2)在分隔带内从事捕鱼。在分隔带内从事捕鱼。(f) A vessel navigating in areas near the termination of traffic separation schemes shall do so with particular caution. 6.6.船舶在分道通航制区域端部附近行船舶在分道通航制区域端部附近行驶时，应特别谨慎。驶时，应特别谨慎。 (g) A vessel shall as far as practical avoid anchoring in a traff
70、ic separation scheme or in areas near its terminations. 7. 7. 船舶应尽可能避免在分道通航船舶应尽可能避免在分道通航制区域内或其端部附近锚泊；制区域内或其端部附近锚泊； (h) A vessel not using a traffic separation scheme shall avoid it by as wide a margin as is practicable. 8. 8.不使用分道通航制区域的不使用分道通航制区域的船舶，应尽可能远离该区船舶，应尽可能远离该区； (i) A vessel engaged in fishi
71、ng shall not impede the passage of any vessel following a traffic separation lane. 9. 9. 从事捕鱼的船舶，不应妨碍按从事捕鱼的船舶，不应妨碍按分道通航行驶的任何船舶的通行；分道通航行驶的任何船舶的通行； (j) A vessel of less than 20 meters in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the safe passage of a power-driven vessel following a traffic lane. 10.
72、10.帆帆船船或或长长度度小小于于2020米米的的船船舶舶，不不应应妨妨碍碍按按分分道道通通航航行行驶驶的的机机动动船船舶舶的的安安全全通行；通行； (k) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the maintenance of safety of navigation in a traffic separation scheme is exempted from complying with this Rule to the extent necessary to
73、carry out the operation. 11. 11.操纵能力受到限制的船舶，当在分道通航操纵能力受到限制的船舶，当在分道通航制区域内从事维护航行安全的作业时，在执行制区域内从事维护航行安全的作业时，在执行该作业所必需的限度内，可免受本条规定的约该作业所必需的限度内，可免受本条规定的约束；束； (i) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the laying, servicing or picking up of a submarine cable, with
74、in a traffic separation scheme, is exempted from complying with this Rule to the extent necessary to carry out the operation. 12. 12. 操纵能力受到限制的船舶，当在分道通航操纵能力受到限制的船舶，当在分道通航制区域内从事敷设、维修或起捞海底电缆时，制区域内从事敷设、维修或起捞海底电缆时，在执行该作业所必需的限度内，可免受本条在执行该作业所必需的限度内，可免受本条规定的约束规定的约束Section TwoConduct of vessels in sight of
75、one another 船舶在互见中的行动规则船舶在互见中的行动规则 （Rule 11 - 18 ) Rule 11 - Application Rules in this section apply to vessels in sight of one another. 本节各条适用于互见中的船舶本节各条适用于互见中的船舶 Rule 12 Sailing vessel 帆帆 船船 (Rule 12 including 2 items)(a) When two sailing vessels are approaching one another, so as to involve risk
76、of collision, one of them shall keep out of the way of the other as follows: 两艘帆相互使近致有构成碰撞危险时，其中两艘帆相互使近致有构成碰撞危险时，其中一船应按下列规定给他船让路一船应按下列规定给他船让路： (i) when each has the wind on a different side, the vessel which has the wind on the port side shall keep out of way of the other; 两船在不同舷受风时两船在不同舷受风时, 左左舷受风的
77、船应给右舷受风船让路舷受风的船应给右舷受风船让路 (ii)when both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is windward shall keep out of way of the vessel which is to leeward; 两舷在同舷受风时两舷在同舷受风时, ,上风船应给下风船让路。上风船应给下风船让路。 (iii) If the vessel with the wind on the port side sees a vessel windward and cannot determine with c
78、ertainty whether the other vessel has the wind on the port or the starboard side, she shall keep out of the way of the other; 如左舷受风的船看到在上风的船而不能断定如左舷受风的船看到在上风的船而不能断定究竟该船是左舷还是右舷受风究竟该船是左舷还是右舷受风,则应给该船则应给该船让路。让路。(b) For the purpose of this rule the windward side shall be deemed to be the side opposes to
79、that on which the mainsail is carried or, in the case of a square-rigged vessel, the side opposite to that on which the largest fore-and-aft sail is carried. 就本条规定而言，船舶的受风舷侧应认为是就本条规定而言，船舶的受风舷侧应认为是主帆被吹向的一舷的对面舷侧，对于方帆船，主帆被吹向的一舷的对面舷侧，对于方帆船，则应认为是最大纵帆被吹向的一舷的对面舷则应认为是最大纵帆被吹向的一舷的对面舷侧。侧。 Rule 13 Overtaking 追追
80、 越越 (Rule 13 including 4 Items)(a) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rule of the part B, Section I and II, any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of way of the vessel being overtaken. 1. 1. 不论第二章第一节和第二节的各条规定如不论第二章第一节和第二节的各条规定如何何, , 任何船舶在追越任何他船时任何船舶在追越任何他船时, , 均应给被均应给被追越船让路。追越船让路。 (b)
81、 A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when coming up with another vessel from a direction more than 22.5 abaft her beam, that is, in such a position with reference to the vessel; she is overtaking, that at night she would be able to see only the stern light of that vessel but neither of her sid
82、elights. 2. 2. 一船正从他船正横后大于一船正从他船正横后大于22.522.5的某一方的某一方向赶上他船时，即该船对其所追越的船所处向赶上他船时，即该船对其所追越的船所处位置，在夜间只能看见被追越船的尾灯而看位置，在夜间只能看见被追越船的尾灯而看不见他的任一舷灯时，应认为在追越中不见他的任一舷灯时，应认为在追越中。(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether she is overtaking another, she shall assume that is the case and act accordingly. 3.3.当一
83、船对其是否在追越他船任何当一船对其是否在追越他船任何怀疑时怀疑时, , 该船应假定是在追越该船应假定是在追越, ,并应并应采取相应行动。采取相应行动。 (d) Any subsequent alteration of the bearing between the two vessels shall not make the overtaking vessel a crossing vessel within the meaning of these Rules or relieve her of the duty of keep clear of the overtaken vessel u
84、ntil she is finally past and clear. 4.4.随后两船间方位的任何改变随后两船间方位的任何改变, , 都不应把追都不应把追越船作为本规则各条含义中所指的交叉船越船作为本规则各条含义中所指的交叉船, , 或者免除其让开被追越船的责任或者免除其让开被追越船的责任, , 直到最后直到最后驶过让清为止。驶过让清为止。Rule 14 Head-on Situation 对遇局面对遇局面 (a) When two power-driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal course so as
85、 involve the risk of collision each shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port side of the other. 1.当两机动船在相反或接近相反的航向上相遇当两机动船在相反或接近相反的航向上相遇致有构成碰撞危险时致有构成碰撞危险时, , 各应向右转向各应向右转向, , 从而从而各从他船的左船舷通过。各从他船的左船舷通过。(b) Such a situation shall be deemed to exist when a vessel sees the
86、other ahead or nearly ahead and by night she could see the masthead lights of the other in a line or nearly in a line and/or both sidelights and by day she observes the corresponding aspect of the other vessel. 2.2.当一船看见他船在正前方或接近正前方当一船看见他船在正前方或接近正前方; ; 即在夜间即在夜间, , 能看见他船的前后桅灯成一直线能看见他船的前后桅灯成一直线或接近一直线或
87、接近一直线, , 和（或）两盏舷灯和（或）两盏舷灯, , 在日间在日间, , 看到他船的上述相应形态时看到他船的上述相应形态时, , 则应认为存在则应认为存在这样的局面这样的局面。 (c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether such a situation exists she shall assume that it does exist and act accordingly. 3. .当一艘船对是否存在这样的局面有任何怀当一艘船对是否存在这样的局面有任何怀疑时，该船应假定确实存在这种局面，并采疑时，该船应假定确实存在这种局面，并采取相
88、应的行动。取相应的行动。 Rule 15 Crossing Situation 交叉相遇局面交叉相遇局面 (Rule 15 only including 1 items)When two power-driven vessels are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, the vessel which has the other on her own starboard side shall keep out of way and shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid
89、crossing ahead of the other vessel. 当两机动船交叉相遇致有构成碰撞危险时当两机动船交叉相遇致有构成碰撞危险时, , 有他船有他船在本船右舷的船应给他船让路在本船右舷的船应给他船让路, , 如当时环境许可，如当时环境许可，还应避免横越他船的前方。还应避免横越他船的前方。Rule 16 Action by Give-way Vessel (Rule 16 only including 1 item) Every vessel which is directed to keep out of way of another shall, so far as poss
90、ible, take early and substantial action to keep well clear. 须给他船让路的船舶须给他船让路的船舶, , 应尽可能及早采应尽可能及早采取大幅度的行动，宽裕地让清他船。取大幅度的行动，宽裕地让清他船。Rule 17 Action by Stand-on vessel ( Rule 17 including 4 items) (a) (i) Where one of two vessels is to keep out of way the other shall keep her course and speed. 1.(1)1.(1)两
91、船中的一船应给另一船让路时，另一船应保持航向和航速两船中的一船应给另一船让路时，另一船应保持航向和航速。 (ii) The latter vessel may however take action to avoid collision by her manoeuve alone, as soon as it becomes apparent to her that the vessel required to keep out of way is not taking appropriate action in compliance with these Rules. (2) (2) 然然而
92、而, , 当当保保持持航航向向航航速速的的船船一一经经发发觉觉规规定定的的让让路路船船显显然然没没有有遵遵照照本本规规则则各各条条采采崐崐取取适适当当行行动动时时，该该船船即即可可独独自自采采取取操操纵纵行行动动，以以避避免免碰撞碰撞。 (b) When, from any case, the vessel required to keep her course and speed finds herself so close that collision cannot be avoided by the give-way vessel alone, she shall take such a
93、ction as will best aid to avoid collision. 2.2.当规定保持航向和航速的船当规定保持航向和航速的船,发觉本船不论发觉本船不论由于何种原因逼近到单凭让路船的行动不能避由于何种原因逼近到单凭让路船的行动不能避免碰撞时，也应采取最有助于避碰的行动免碰撞时，也应采取最有助于避碰的行动。(c) A power-driven vessel which takes action in a crossing situation in accordance with sub-paragraph (a) (ii) of this Rules to avoid colli
94、sion with another power-driven vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, not alter course to port for a vessel on her port side. 3. 3. 在交叉相遇局面下，机动船按照本条在交叉相遇局面下，机动船按照本条1 1款款(2)(2)项采取行项采取行动以避免与另一艘机动船碰撞时，如当时环境许可，不动以避免与另一艘机动船碰撞时，如当时环境许可，不应对本船左侧的船采取向左转向应对本船左侧的船采取向左转向(d) This Rule does not rel
95、ieve the give-way vessel of her obligation to keep out of the way. 4. 4. 本条并不解除让路船的让路义务本条并不解除让路船的让路义务。 Rule 18 Responsibilities betweenVessels 船舶之间的责任船舶之间的责任 Except where rules 9, 10, and 13 otherwise require:(a) A power-driven vessel underway shall keep out of the way of:(i) a vessel not under comm
96、and; (ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre; (iii) a vessel engaged in fishing; (iv) a sailing vessel. ( (除第九、十和十三条另有规定外除第九、十和十三条另有规定外):): 1. 1. 机动船在航时应给下述船舶让路：机动船在航时应给下述船舶让路： (1) (1) 失去控制的船舶；失去控制的船舶；(2) (2) 操纵能力受到限制的船舶；操纵能力受到限制的船舶； (3) (3) 从事捕鱼的船舶；从事捕鱼的船舶；(4) (4) 帆船。帆船。(b) A sailing v
97、essel underway shall keep out of the way of:(i) a vessel not under command; (ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre; (iii) a vessel engaged in fishing. 2. 2. 帆船在航时应给下述船舶让路帆船在航时应给下述船舶让路: : (1) (1) 失去控制的船舶；失去控制的船舶； (2) (2) 操纵能力受到限制的船舶；操纵能力受到限制的船舶； (3) (3) 从事捕鱼的船舶。从事捕鱼的船舶。 (c) A vessel eng
98、aged in fishing shall, as far as possible, keep out of way of:(i) a vessel not under command; (ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre; 3. 3. 从事捕鱼的船舶在航时，应尽可能给下述从事捕鱼的船舶在航时，应尽可能给下述船舶让路船舶让路 (1) (1) 失去控制的船舶；失去控制的船舶； (2) (2) 操纵能力受到限制的船舶。操纵能力受到限制的船舶。 (d) (i) Any vessel other than a vessel not
99、under command or a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre shall, if the circumstances of case admit, avoid impeding the safe passage of a vessel constrained by her draft, exhibiting the signals in Rule 28. (ii) A vessel constrained by her draught shall navigate with particular caution having
100、full regard to her special condition. 4. 4. (1)(1)除除失失去去控控制制的的船船舶舶或或操操纵纵能能力力受受到到限限制制的的船船舶舶外外，任任何何船船舶舶，如如当当时时环环境境许许可可，应应避避免免妨妨碍碍显显示示第第二十八条信号的限于吃水的船舶安全通行。二十八条信号的限于吃水的船舶安全通行。 (2)(2)限限于于吃吃水水的的船船舶舶应应充充分分注注意意到到其其特特殊殊条条件件，特特别谨慎地驾驶。别谨慎地驾驶。 (e) A seaplane on the water shall, in general, keep well clear of al
101、l vessel and avoid impeding their navigation. In circumstances, however, where risk of collision exists, shall comply with the Rules of this part. 5.5.在在水水面面的的水水上上飞飞机机，通通常常应应宽宽裕裕地地让让清清所所有有船船舶舶并并避避免免妨妨碍碍其其航航行行。然然而而在在有有碰碰撞撞危危险险的的情况下，则应遵守本章各条规定情况下，则应遵守本章各条规定 (f) (i) A WIG craft, when taking off, landin
102、g and in flight near the surface, shall keep well clear of all other vessels and avoid impeding their navigation;6. (1) 6. (1) 地效船在贴近水面起飞、降落和飞行时应宽地效船在贴近水面起飞、降落和飞行时应宽裕地让清所有其它船舶并避免妨碍它们的航行；裕地让清所有其它船舶并避免妨碍它们的航行； (ii) A WIG craft operating on the water surface shall comply with the Rules of this Part as
103、a power-driven vessel. (2) (2) 在水面上操作的地效船应作为动力船舶遵守在水面上操作的地效船应作为动力船舶遵守本章各条本章各条 Rule 19Conduct of vessels in Restricted Visibility 船舶在能见度不良情况时的行动规则船舶在能见度不良情况时的行动规则 (Rule 19 including 5 items) (a) This rule applied to vessels not in sight of one another when navigating in or near an area of restricted
104、visibility. 1.1.本条适用于能见度不良的水域中或在其本条适用于能见度不良的水域中或在其附近航行时相互看不见的船舶。附近航行时相互看不见的船舶。(b) Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed adapted to the prevailing circumstances and condition of restricted visibility. A power driven vessel shall have her engine ready for immediate manoeuvre. 2. 2. 每一船舶应以适合当时能见度不
105、良的环每一船舶应以适合当时能见度不良的环境和情况的安全航速行驶境和情况的安全航速行驶, , 机动船应将机机动船应将机器作好随时操纵的准备器作好随时操纵的准备。 (c) Every vessel shall have due regard to the prevailing circumstances and condition of restricted visibility when complying with the Rules of this section I of this part. 3. 3. 在遵守本章第一节各条时，每一船舶应在遵守本章第一节各条时，每一船舶应适当考虑到当时能
106、见度不良的环境和情况。适当考虑到当时能见度不良的环境和情况。 (d) A vessel which detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel shall determine if a close-quarter situation is developing and/or risk of collision exists. If so, she shall take avoiding action in ample time, provide that when such action consists of an altera
107、tion of course, so far as possible the following shall be avoid: (i) an alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than for a vessel being taken; (ii) an alteration of course towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam.能见度不良时的转向避让时能见度不良时的转向避让时应避免的事项应避免的事项4.4.一船仅凭雷达测到他船时，应判断是否一
108、船仅凭雷达测到他船时，应判断是否正在形成碰撞局面和（或）存在着碰撞危险。正在形成碰撞局面和（或）存在着碰撞危险。若是如此，应及早地采取避让行动，这种行若是如此，应及早地采取避让行动，这种行动如包括转向，则应尽可能避免如下各点：动如包括转向，则应尽可能避免如下各点：(1) (1) 除对被追越船外，对正横前的船舶采取除对被追越船外，对正横前的船舶采取向左转向向左转向; ;(2) (2) 对正横或正横后的船舶采取朝着它转向。对正横或正横后的船舶采取朝着它转向。 (e) Except where it has been determined that a risk of collision does
109、not exist, every vessel which hears apparently forward of her beam the fog signal of another vessel, or which cannot avoid a close quarter-situation with another vessel forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed to the minimum at which she can be kept on her course. She shall if necessary take all
110、her way off and even navigate with extreme caution until danger of collision is over.能见度不良时的减速能见度不良时的减速和停船和停船5. 5. 除已断定不存在碰撞危险外除已断定不存在碰撞危险外, , 每一每一船舶当听到他船的雾号显似在本船正横船舶当听到他船的雾号显似在本船正横以前以前, ,或者与正横以前的他船不能避免或者与正横以前的他船不能避免紧迫局面时，应将航速减到能维持其航紧迫局面时，应将航速减到能维持其航向的最小速度。必要时，应把船完全停向的最小速度。必要时，应把船完全停住，而且，无论如何，应极其谨慎地驾住，而且，无论如何，应极其谨慎地驾驶，直到碰撞危险过去为止。驶，直到碰撞危险过去为止。
