Unit 1 Your college years1. As a college student, have you experienced anything different from your middle school life?2. Have you had any psychological problems ever since you entered college? What is the main idea of para1?nMany key changes happen to college students during their college years. What can you learn from para1?nThree expressions of “Have you thought about…？”Have you ever considered…?Has it ever occurred to you…?Has it ever dawned on you…?Can you make some sentences by making use of the latter two expressions? During this time, students are going through an identity crisis and are endeavoring to find out who they are and what their strengths and weaknesses are. It refers to the difficulties, confusions and anxieties that you go through during adolescence when you are not sure who you really are and what your purpose in life is.experiencing; undergoing; suffering … identity is determined by genetic endowment (what is inherited from parents), shaped by environment, and influenced by chance events. Who we are is determined by three things: first, our genes, or what our parents have given us; second, environment; third, luck or opportunities.accidental What factors may influence identity? nIdentity may be influenced by genes, environment and opportunities. What’s the main idea of para3? •It may be heightened by their choice to pursue a college education. independence/dependence strugglebecome stronger or intensifiedIf they choose to continue their education, they will face an even more serious struggle between the desire to be independent and the need to depend on the financial support of their parents. para3What’s the main idea of para3?The independence/dependence struggle four aspects to psychological separation (para 4)1. Functional independence.2. Attitudinal independence.3. Emotional independence.4. Freedom from “excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father.” First, there is functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to take care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda. determining what they are going to do every day independence in handling everyday life situations; the ability to solve practical problems Hoffman defines this process as “freedom from an excessive need for approval, closeness, togetherness, and emotional support in relation to the mother and father.” Children need their parents to tell them what to do or not to do. They also need to be close to their parents and receive encouragement, love, all kinds of emotional support which give them strength. But when they grow up, they no longer have the same needs like babies.no longer having something you do not want Freedom from excessive guilt…mother and fatherexcessive guilt: Children often feel very guilty in relation to their parents because they think they have done something wrong.anxiety: They are anxious because they are eager to please their parents.mistrust: They sometimes feel unhappy because they think their parents are not fair to them. para4responsibility: They feel they are responsible to their parents for everything they do.inhibition: They are always afraid of not saying the right thing or not behaving properly. para4resentment and anger: All these may make them angry with their parents or make them feel resentful.These feelings reflect their emotional dependence on their parents. When they grow up, they usually strive for freedom from this. para4freedom from vs freedom offreedom from hunger; freedom from fearfreedom of speech; freedom of religionn“We look forward to a world founded upon essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want… everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear… anywhere in the world. “ n —Franklin D. Roosevelt para4Stand back1. 后退：Stand back, I will shoot! 后退否则我要开枪了!2. 置身事外，退一步（考虑问题）If you stand back and think about a situation, you think about it as if you were not involved in it. Stand back and look objectively at the problem.退一步，客观地看待这个问题。
para5Probably nothing can make students feel…relationship with.When students are in a romantic relationship with the opposite sex, they are most likely to feel unhappy or happy emotionally. para5nThe main idea of para5:nEstablishing their sexual identity para6n…was seeing his world shrink and his options narrow.…was beginning to realize that his world was getting smaller and his choices fewer.Shrink: become smaller in sizeWashing wool in hot water will shrink it.The vast forests of West Africa have shrunk. para6The topic sentence of para6The first sentence para7ninternalize: to make faith, value, morals, attitudes, behavior, language etc. part of your nature by learning or assimilating them unconsciously. para7nethnic and racial:nracial 种族， racial discriminationnethnic: 民族，minority ethnic group para7nThe topic sentence of para7The first sentence para10Contribute to: to help to cause sth to happenWe should analyze the conditions that contribute to the problem.Exercises contribute to one’s health. para10nThey are also acquiring new ways of assembling and processing information.nThey are also finding or learning new ways of arranging, organizing, analyzing or understanding information. Part 1 (para. 1): Part 2 (paras. ):Part 3 (para. ):Structure of the text2－－910Many key changes happen to college students during their college years.The key changes involve the following: identity crisis, the independence/dependence struggle, establishment of sexual identity, affection giving and receiving, internalization of religious faith, values and morals, development of new ways to organize and use knowledge, a new understanding of the world and himself/herself.Conclusion. Content of the textWhat can we learn from the text?In college years, we will…We should… Organization of the textnPay attention to the linking of each paragraph with the preceding one.(eg. para7、8、9)nPay attention to the way of developing a paragraph.（para6） 。