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1、C-E TRANSLATION翻译翻译概论概论 翻译翻译的定义的定义 翻译的标准翻译的标准 直译与意译直译与意译 归化与异化归化与异化 第一章目录第一章目录： 翻译课程不仅仅要讲翻译课程不仅仅要讲翻译实践，而且还应该讲翻译实践，而且还应该讲翻译历史与翻译理论，这翻译历史与翻译理论，这三者的关系应该是平等互三者的关系应该是平等互动的关系，不能偏废。翻动的关系，不能偏废。翻译史是对翻译理论和翻译译史是对翻译理论和翻译实践的线性总结，翻译理实践的线性总结，翻译理论是在不同的历史时期对论是在不同的历史时期对翻译实践的总结归纳和升翻译实践的总结归纳和升华，而翻译实践则是翻译华，而翻译实践则是翻译理论和翻
2、译历史的基础。理论和翻译历史的基础。没有翻译实践，无论翻译没有翻译实践，无论翻译理论还是翻译历史都无从理论还是翻译历史都无从谈起。谈起。 林克难林克难 1 1翻译的定义和内涵翻译的定义和内涵：译译史史译译论论译译作作并并重重经经经经验验科科学学中中西西合合璧璧林林林林克克克克难难难难English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 第一节第一节 翻译的作用与使命翻译的作用与使命2 2中国几位翻译家的理论中国几位翻译家的理论严复：信达雅严复：信达雅傅雷：神似傅雷：神似钱钟书：化境钱钟书：化境刘重德：信、达、切刘重德：信、达、切第二节第二节 翻译标准翻译标准中国翻译理论家
3、的标准：中国翻译理论家的标准：西方翻译理论家的标准：西方翻译理论家的标准： 第三节第三节 直译与意译直译与意译1. 增译法增译法 (Amplification) 知己知彼，百战不殆；知己知彼，百战不殆；知己知彼，百战不殆；知己知彼，百战不殆；不知彼而知己，一胜一负；不知彼而知己，一胜一负；不知彼而知己，一胜一负；不知彼而知己，一胜一负；不知己不知彼，每战必殆。不知己不知彼，每战必殆。不知己不知彼，每战必殆。不知己不知彼，每战必殆。（若）知己（而又）知彼，（若）知己（而又）知彼，（若）知己（而又）知彼，（若）知己（而又）知彼，（则）则）则）则） 百百百百战不殆；（若）不知彼而知己，战不殆；（若）
4、不知彼而知己，战不殆；（若）不知彼而知己，战不殆；（若）不知彼而知己，（则）（将）一胜（及）一负；（则）（将）一胜（及）一负；（则）（将）一胜（及）一负；（则）（将）一胜（及）一负；（若）不知己（而又）不知彼，（若）不知己（而又）不知彼，（若）不知己（而又）不知彼，（若）不知己（而又）不知彼，（则）每战（将）必殆。（则）每战（将）必殆。（则）每战（将）必殆。（则）每战（将）必殆。 You can fight a hundred battles without defeat if you know the enemy as well as yourself. You will win one b
5、attle and lose one battle if you know yourself but leave yourself in the dark about the enemy. You will lose every battle if you leave both the enemy and yourself in the dark.English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 他他他他跑跑跑跑来来来来跑跑跑跑去去去去的的的的寻寻寻寻。他他他他想想想想寻寻寻寻一一一一个个个个窟窟窟窟穴穴穴穴，躲躲躲躲了了了了身身身身子子子子，将将将将石石石石子子子子
6、堵堵堵堵了了了了穴穴穴穴口口口口，隐隐隐隐隐隐隐隐的的的的蜕蜕蜕蜕壳壳壳壳。他他他他知知知知道道道道外外外外面面面面蜕蜕蜕蜕壳壳壳壳是是是是危危危危险险险险的的的的。身身身身子子子子还还还还软软软软，要被别的螃蟹吃去的。这并非害怕，他实在亲眼见过要被别的螃蟹吃去的。这并非害怕，他实在亲眼见过要被别的螃蟹吃去的。这并非害怕，他实在亲眼见过要被别的螃蟹吃去的。这并非害怕，他实在亲眼见过。 He He dashed dashed here here and and there there in in search search ofof a a cave cave toto hide. hide.
7、He He was was going going to to block block up up the the mouth mouth of of the the cave cave so so thatthat he he could could moult moult in in secret. secret. He He knew knew it it would would be be very very dangerous dangerous to to shed shed his his shell shell in in the the open open because,b
8、ecause, withwith his his new new shell shell still still being being soft, soft, he he might might be be eaten eaten up up by by other other crabs. crabs. This This fear fear was was not not groundless groundless forfor he he himself himself had had really seen it happen to other moulting crabs.real
9、ly seen it happen to other moulting crabs. English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 2. 省译法省译法 （Omission） 我们必须培养分析我们必须培养分析我们必须培养分析我们必须培养分析问题问题问题问题、解决解决解决解决问题问题问题问题的的的的能力能力能力能力。 她她她她看看看看看看看看我，又我，又我，又我，又看看看看看看看看其他人，没有说话。其他人，没有说话。其他人，没有说话。其他人，没有说话。 我们必须我们必须我们必须我们必须坚持坚持坚持坚持社会社会社会社会主义道路主义道路主义道路主义道路，坚持坚持坚持坚持人
10、人人人民民主专政，民民主专政，民民主专政，民民主专政，坚持坚持坚持坚持共产党的领导，共产党的领导，共产党的领导，共产党的领导，坚坚坚坚持持持持马列主义、毛泽马列主义、毛泽马列主义、毛泽马列主义、毛泽东思想。东思想。东思想。东思想。 We must cultivate the ability We must cultivate the ability to analyze and solve to analyze and solve problemsproblems. .He looked at me, and then at the others, and said nothing.We mu
11、st adhere to the socialist road, the peoples democratic dictatorship, the Communist Partys leadership and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought.English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 多年来那个国家一直有严重的失业多年来那个国家一直有严重的失业多年来那个国家一直有严重的失业多年来那个国家一直有严重的失业现象现象现象现象。 For many years unemployment has been rampant i
12、n that For many years unemployment has been rampant in that country. country. 中中中中国的现代化国的现代化国的现代化国的现代化建设建设建设建设离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来。Chinas modernization is inseparable from her economic Chinas modernization is inseparable from her economic cooperati
13、on and trade ties with other nationscooperation and trade ties with other nations我我我我们们们们要要要要逐逐逐逐步步步步推推推推进进进进商商商商业业业业、外外外外贸贸贸贸、金金金金融融融融、保保保保险险险险、证证证证券券券券、电电电电信信信信、旅旅旅旅游游游游和和和和中中中中介介介介服服服服务等务等务等务等领域领域领域领域的对外开的对外开的对外开的对外开放放放放。 Commerce, Commerce, foreign foreign trade, trade, banking, banking, insuran
14、ce, insurance, securities, securities, telecommunications, telecommunications, tourism tourism and and intermediary intermediary services services should be gradually opened to the outside world.should be gradually opened to the outside world.English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 依法依法依法依法严厉严厉严厉严厉打击各
15、种犯罪活动，打击各种犯罪活动，打击各种犯罪活动，打击各种犯罪活动，坚决坚决坚决坚决扫除黄赌毒等社会丑恶扫除黄赌毒等社会丑恶扫除黄赌毒等社会丑恶扫除黄赌毒等社会丑恶现象现象现象现象。We must crack down on all criminal activities according We must crack down on all criminal activities according to the law and eradicate such social evils as to the law and eradicate such social evils as pornog
16、raphy, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking.pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking.我我我我们们们们强烈强烈强烈强烈要求美国政府就此次事件向中国郑重道歉要求美国政府就此次事件向中国郑重道歉要求美国政府就此次事件向中国郑重道歉要求美国政府就此次事件向中国郑重道歉。We We demand demand that that US US government government apologize apologize to to China China for for this in
17、cident. this incident. 只只只只有有有有充分充分充分充分发展商品经济，才能把经济发展商品经济，才能把经济发展商品经济，才能把经济发展商品经济，才能把经济真正真正真正真正搞活，使各企业增加效率。搞活，使各企业增加效率。搞活，使各企业增加效率。搞活，使各企业增加效率。The The development development of of a a commodity commodity economy economy is is the the only only way way to to invigorate invigorate our our economy eco
18、nomy and and prompt prompt enterprises enterprises to raise their efficiencyto raise their efficiencyEnglish Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 3. 词类转换（词类转换（Conversion）(4) 此路此路不通不通 No thoroughfare!(5) 不准不准入内入内！No entry!(6) 绝对不许绝对不许违反违反这个原则。这个原则。No violation of this principle can be tolerated.巴黎圣母院 Cathed
19、ral of Notre Dame, Paris (1) 非非公莫公莫入入！(2)No admittance except on business!(3)(2) 不准不准拍照拍照！(4)No camera!(5)(3) 照常照常营业营业。(6)Business as usual.English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 7)7) 回想回想回想回想起这些事情，使他的生活增添了乐趣。起这些事情，使他的生活增添了乐趣。起这些事情，使他的生活增添了乐趣。起这些事情，使他的生活增添了乐趣。 。a. To remember these will add zest to h
20、is life. a. To remember these will add zest to his life. b. The remembrance of these will add zest to his life.b. The remembrance of these will add zest to his life. 8)8) 我们决不我们决不我们决不我们决不满足满足满足满足于现在的成就。于现在的成就。于现在的成就。于现在的成就。We are not content with our present achievementsWe are not content with our p
21、resent achievements. .English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 9) 朱总理，中央及有关部委领导同志，在华外国专家朱总理，中央及有关部委领导同志，在华外国专家朱总理，中央及有关部委领导同志，在华外国专家朱总理，中央及有关部委领导同志，在华外国专家出席出席出席出席了宴会了宴会了宴会了宴会Present at the banquet were Premier Zhu, leading figures of Present at the banquet were Premier Zhu, leading figures of the centr
22、al government and the relevant ministries and the central government and the relevant ministries and commissions, and foreign experts working in Cmissions, and foreign experts working in China.10) 空气是这样的青香，使人胸脯里感到分外空气是这样的青香，使人胸脯里感到分外空气是这样的青香，使人胸脯里感到分外空气是这样的青香，使人胸脯里感到分外凉爽凉爽凉爽凉爽、舒畅舒畅舒畅舒畅。The air was f
23、resh and fragrant; it gave people a feeling of The air was fresh and fragrant; it gave people a feeling of exceptional coolness and comfortexceptional coolness and comfort.English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 4. 正说反译、反说正译正说反译、反说正译他他他他安然无恙地回来了安然无恙地回来了安然无恙地回来了安然无恙地回来了。 He returned safe and soundHe re
24、turned safe and sound. .据据据据悉联军给养不足悉联军给养不足悉联军给养不足悉联军给养不足。It is reported that the coalition troops are short of suppliesIt is reported that the coalition troops are short of supplies. .他他他他没有再言语，听任老板在那里滔滔不绝没有再言语，听任老板在那里滔滔不绝没有再言语，听任老板在那里滔滔不绝没有再言语，听任老板在那里滔滔不绝。Withholding his opinion for the moment, he
25、listened to his Withholding his opinion for the moment, he listened to his boss holding forthboss holding forth. .外外外外表往往是靠不住的表往往是靠不住的表往往是靠不住的表往往是靠不住的。Appearances are often deceptiveAppearances are often deceptive. .美美美美国不失体面地接受了这项和平方案国不失体面地接受了这项和平方案国不失体面地接受了这项和平方案国不失体面地接受了这项和平方案。The U.S.A accepted
26、the peace proposal with dignityThe U.S.A accepted the peace proposal with dignity. .English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 我我我我完全同意完全同意完全同意完全同意。I cant agree with you more.I cant agree with you more.你你你你们大错特错了们大错特错了们大错特错了们大错特错了。We couldnt be more mistaken.We couldnt be more mistaken.他他他他为这件事竭尽全力为这件事竭尽
27、全力为这件事竭尽全力为这件事竭尽全力。He spared no pains doing this.He spared no pains doing this.她她她她对他百依百顺对他百依百顺对他百依百顺对他百依百顺。She denied him nothing.She denied him nothing.当当当当生活出现小生活出现小生活出现小生活出现小摩擦摩擦摩擦摩擦时，美国人并不去考虑是谁的责任，只要给对方时，美国人并不去考虑是谁的责任，只要给对方时，美国人并不去考虑是谁的责任，只要给对方时，美国人并不去考虑是谁的责任，只要给对方带来不方便，都要说一声带来不方便，都要说一声带来不方便，都要
28、说一声带来不方便，都要说一声sorry.sorry.When conflict occurs in everyday life, Americans, When conflict occurs in everyday life, Americans, instead of considering whose responsibility it is, will instead of considering whose responsibility it is, will say sorry, so long as it brings inconvenience to others.say so
29、rry, so long as it brings inconvenience to others. English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin A. A. 一天男神为了表达自己的爱慕之情，特意送了一面又大又一天男神为了表达自己的爱慕之情，特意送了一面又大又一天男神为了表达自己的爱慕之情，特意送了一面又大又一天男神为了表达自己的爱慕之情，特意送了一面又大又亮的神镜给女神。女神在接过神镜时，由于心情过于激动，镜亮的神镜给女神。女神在接过神镜时，由于心情过于激动，镜亮的神镜给女神。女神在接过神镜时，由于心情过于激动，镜亮的神镜给女神。女神在接过神镜时，由于心情过于激
30、动，镜子竟然从她颤抖的手中滑落，掉到山下，碎成了子竟然从她颤抖的手中滑落，掉到山下，碎成了子竟然从她颤抖的手中滑落，掉到山下，碎成了子竟然从她颤抖的手中滑落，掉到山下，碎成了108108块，从此给块，从此给块，从此给块，从此给九寨沟留下了九寨沟留下了九寨沟留下了九寨沟留下了108108个形态各异、晶晶闪亮的湖个形态各异、晶晶闪亮的湖个形态各异、晶晶闪亮的湖个形态各异、晶晶闪亮的湖泊。泊。泊。泊。 练习练习练习练习 B. B. 当前，我国农业发展又处在一个关键时期。今年要按照当前，我国农业发展又处在一个关键时期。今年要按照当前，我国农业发展又处在一个关键时期。今年要按照当前，我国农业发展又处在一
31、个关键时期。今年要按照统筹城乡发展的要求，采取更直接、更有力的政策措施，加统筹城乡发展的要求，采取更直接、更有力的政策措施，加统筹城乡发展的要求，采取更直接、更有力的政策措施，加统筹城乡发展的要求，采取更直接、更有力的政策措施，加强农业，支持农业，保护农业，努力增加农民收入。强农业，支持农业，保护农业，努力增加农民收入。强农业，支持农业，保护农业，努力增加农民收入。强农业，支持农业，保护农业，努力增加农民收入。 解决农业、农村和农民问题，是我们全部工作的重中之解决农业、农村和农民问题，是我们全部工作的重中之解决农业、农村和农民问题，是我们全部工作的重中之解决农业、农村和农民问题，是我们全部工作
32、的重中之重。重。重。重。English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin One One day day the the god god presented presented a a big big and and shiny shiny divine divine mirror mirror to to the the goddess goddess as as a a token token of of love. love. The The goddess goddess reached reached out out to to take take the
33、the mirror, mirror, but but she she was was so so excited excited and and nervous nervous that that the the mirror mirror slipped slipped from from her her trembling trembling fingers fingers and and dropped dropped to to the the valleys, valleys, breaking breaking into into 108 108 pieces. pieces.
34、The The 108 108 mirror mirror pieces pieces turned turned out out to to be be 108 108 winkling winkling and and glittering glittering crystal crystal lakes lakes of of different different sizes, sizes, covering the land of Jiuzhaigou. covering the land of Jiuzhaigou. 一一一一天天天天男男男男神神神神为为为为了了了了表表表表达达达达
35、自自自自己己己己的的的的爱爱爱爱慕慕慕慕之之之之情情情情，特特特特意意意意送送送送了了了了一一一一面面面面又又又又大大大大又又又又亮亮亮亮的的的的神神神神镜镜镜镜给给给给女女女女神神神神。女女女女神神神神在在在在接接接接过过过过神神神神镜镜镜镜时时时时，由由由由于于于于心心心心情情情情过过过过于于于于激激激激动动动动，镜镜镜镜子子子子竟竟竟竟然然然然从从从从她她她她颤颤颤颤抖抖抖抖的的的的手手手手中中中中滑滑滑滑落落落落，掉掉掉掉到到到到山山山山下下下下，碎碎碎碎成成成成了了了了108108108108块块块块，从从从从此此此此给给给给九九九九寨寨寨寨沟沟沟沟留留留留下下下下了了了了10810
36、8108108个个个个形形形形态态态态各各各各异异异异、晶晶闪亮的湖泊晶晶闪亮的湖泊晶晶闪亮的湖泊晶晶闪亮的湖泊。 句句句句子翻译（上）子翻译（上）子翻译（上）子翻译（上）练习练习练习练习English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin Once Once again, again, Chinas Chinas agriculture agriculture is is in in a a crucial crucial period period of of development. development. This This year year we we mu
37、st must take take more more direct direct and and effective effective policies policies and and measures measures to to strengthen, strengthen, support support and and protect protect agriculture agriculture and and increase increase rural rural incomes incomes in in line line with with the the need
38、 need to to balance balance urban and rural development.urban and rural development. Solving Solving problems problems facing facing agriculture, agriculture, rural rural areas areas and and farmers farmers is is a a top top priority priority in in all all our our works.works. 当当当当前前前前，我我我我国国国国农农农农业
39、业业业发发发发展展展展又又又又处处处处在在在在一一一一个个个个关关关关键键键键时时时时期期期期。今今今今年年年年要要要要按按按按照照照照统统统统筹筹筹筹城城城城乡乡乡乡发发发发展展展展的的的的要要要要求求求求，采采采采取取取取更更更更直直直直接接接接、更更更更有有有有力力力力的的的的政政政政策策策策措措措措施施施施，加加加加强强强强农农农农业业业业，支支支支持持持持农农农农业业业业，保保保保护农业，努力增加农民收入。护农业，努力增加农民收入。护农业，努力增加农民收入。护农业，努力增加农民收入。解决农业、农村和农民问题，是我们全部工作的重中之重解决农业、农村和农民问题，是我们全部工作的重中之重解
40、决农业、农村和农民问题，是我们全部工作的重中之重解决农业、农村和农民问题，是我们全部工作的重中之重. . . . 句子翻译（上）句子翻译（上）句子翻译（上）句子翻译（上）练习练习练习练习English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 句子翻译（下）句子翻译（下）句子翻译（下）句子翻译（下）重译法重译法重译法重译法(1) (1) 沉沉沉沉默啊！沉默！不在沉默中爆发，就在沉默中灭默啊！沉默！不在沉默中爆发，就在沉默中灭默啊！沉默！不在沉默中爆发，就在沉默中灭默啊！沉默！不在沉默中爆发，就在沉默中灭亡亡亡亡。Silence! Silence! Unless we burs
41、t out, we shall Silence! Silence! Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silenceperish in this silence. . (2) (2) 孩子就是孩子，不要太认真了孩子就是孩子，不要太认真了孩子就是孩子，不要太认真了孩子就是孩子，不要太认真了。A Child is a child. Dont be too serious to himA Child is a child. Dont be too serious to him. . (3) (3) 你答应了帮助他就应当帮助他。你答应了帮助他就应
42、当帮助他。你答应了帮助他就应当帮助他。你答应了帮助他就应当帮助他。You should help him since you have promised to You should help him since you have promised to do sodo so. .(4) (4) 妈，别听王奶奶的！王奶奶是个老顽固！妈，别听王奶奶的！王奶奶是个老顽固！妈，别听王奶奶的！王奶奶是个老顽固！妈，别听王奶奶的！王奶奶是个老顽固！” ” Ma, dont listen to Granny Wang; shes a diehard”Ma, dont listen to Granny Wan
43、g; shes a diehard”English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin ( (1 1). ). 鼎湖山整个地区为热带、亚热带森林所覆盖，气候独特鼎湖山整个地区为热带、亚热带森林所覆盖，气候独特鼎湖山整个地区为热带、亚热带森林所覆盖，气候独特鼎湖山整个地区为热带、亚热带森林所覆盖，气候独特。Dinghu Mountain is covered by tropical as well as Dinghu Mountain is covered by tropical as well as subtropical forest and has a unique
44、 climate. subtropical forest and has a unique climate. ( (2 2). ). 他们今年遭灾了他们今年遭灾了他们今年遭灾了他们今年遭灾了。They were hit by a natural calamity this year.They were hit by a natural calamity this year.( (3 3). ). 必须保证必须保证必须保证必须保证8 8 8 8小时睡眠小时睡眠小时睡眠小时睡眠。Eight hours sleep must be guaranteedEight hours sleep must b
45、e guaranteed. .( (4 4). ). 弄的不好，就会前功尽弃弄的不好，就会前功尽弃弄的不好，就会前功尽弃弄的不好，就会前功尽弃。If things are not properly handled, our labor will be If things are not properly handled, our labor will be totally lost.totally lost. 句句句句子翻译（下）子翻译（下）子翻译（下）子翻译（下）语态变换法语态变换法语态变换法语态变换法English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 活活活活到老，
46、学到到老，学到到老，学到到老，学到老老老老。OneOne is never too old to learn. is never too old to learn. 十十十十点钟了，他还没有回点钟了，他还没有回点钟了，他还没有回点钟了，他还没有回来来来来。 Its ten oclock now. He didnt return home yet.Its ten oclock now. He didnt return home yet.下下下下雨了，我们快走雨了，我们快走雨了，我们快走雨了，我们快走吧。吧。吧。吧。 Its raining now; lets hurry up.Its raini
47、ng now; lets hurry up.必必必必须保重产品质须保重产品质须保重产品质须保重产品质量。量。量。量。The quality of product must be guaranteedThe quality of product must be guaranteed. . . .去年发现了一种稀有元去年发现了一种稀有元去年发现了一种稀有元去年发现了一种稀有元素。素。素。素。A rare element was found last year.A rare element was found last year.封面上印着一个猎人的封面上印着一个猎人的封面上印着一个猎人的封面上印着
48、一个猎人的像。像。像。像。The figure of a hunter was printed on the cover.The figure of a hunter was printed on the cover. 句句句句子翻译（下）子翻译（下）子翻译（下）子翻译（下）无主句的译法无主句的译法无主句的译法无主句的译法English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 现现现现在很难说谁对谁错在很难说谁对谁错在很难说谁对谁错在很难说谁对谁错。At At the the moment moment it it is is difficult difficult to
49、to tell tell who who is is right right and and who is wrong.who is wrong.除除除除了枪声，再没有其他声音了。了枪声，再没有其他声音了。了枪声，再没有其他声音了。了枪声，再没有其他声音了。There was no sound but that of gunfire.There was no sound but that of gunfire.在在在在经济建设的实践中，已经涌现了大批的优秀人才经济建设的实践中，已经涌现了大批的优秀人才经济建设的实践中，已经涌现了大批的优秀人才经济建设的实践中，已经涌现了大批的优秀人才。Ther
50、e have emerged a large number of talented There have emerged a large number of talented persons in economic construction. persons in economic construction. 中华人民共和国万岁！中华人民共和国万岁！中华人民共和国万岁！中华人民共和国万岁！Long live the Peoples Republic of China!Long live the Peoples Republic of China!忠诚党的教育事业。忠诚党的教育事业。忠诚党的教育
51、事业。忠诚党的教育事业。Be loyal to the Partys educational cause.Be loyal to the Partys educational cause.对什么人说什么话。对什么人说什么话。对什么人说什么话。对什么人说什么话。Speak different words to different people.Speak different words to different people. 句句句句子翻译（下）子翻译（下）子翻译（下）子翻译（下）无主句的译法无主句的译法无主句的译法无主句的译法English Department of KDNTC Huang
52、 Xin 翻译练习翻译练习翻译练习翻译练习 中美两国的社会制度和对外政策有着本质的区别。中美两国的社会制度和对外政策有着本质的区别。中美两国的社会制度和对外政策有着本质的区别。中美两国的社会制度和对外政策有着本质的区别。但是，双方同意，各国不论社会制度如何，都应根据但是，双方同意，各国不论社会制度如何，都应根据但是，双方同意，各国不论社会制度如何，都应根据但是，双方同意，各国不论社会制度如何，都应根据尊重各国的主权和领土完整、不侵犯别国、不干涉别尊重各国的主权和领土完整、不侵犯别国、不干涉别尊重各国的主权和领土完整、不侵犯别国、不干涉别尊重各国的主权和领土完整、不侵犯别国、不干涉别国内政、平等
53、互利、和平共处的原则来处理国与国之国内政、平等互利、和平共处的原则来处理国与国之国内政、平等互利、和平共处的原则来处理国与国之国内政、平等互利、和平共处的原则来处理国与国之间的关系。国际争端应在此基础上与以解决，而不诉间的关系。国际争端应在此基础上与以解决，而不诉间的关系。国际争端应在此基础上与以解决，而不诉间的关系。国际争端应在此基础上与以解决，而不诉诸武力和武力威诸武力和武力威诸武力和武力威诸武力和武力威胁。胁。胁。胁。术语：术语：术语：术语：对外政策：对外政策：对外政策：对外政策：foreign affairs foreign affairs 主权：主权：主权：主权：sovereignt
54、y sovereignty 领土完整：领土完整：领土完整：领土完整：territorial integrity territorial integrity 内政：内政：内政：内政： internal affairs internal affairs 和平共处：和平共处：和平共处：和平共处：peaceful coexistencepeaceful coexistence争端：争端：争端：争端：disputedisputeEnglish Department of KDNTC Huang Xin 中美两国的社会制度和对外政策有着本质的区别。但是，双方同意，中美两国的社会制度和对外政策有着本质的区别
55、。但是，双方同意，中美两国的社会制度和对外政策有着本质的区别。但是，双方同意，中美两国的社会制度和对外政策有着本质的区别。但是，双方同意，各国不论社会制度如何，都应根据尊重各国的主权和领土完整、不侵犯各国不论社会制度如何，都应根据尊重各国的主权和领土完整、不侵犯各国不论社会制度如何，都应根据尊重各国的主权和领土完整、不侵犯各国不论社会制度如何，都应根据尊重各国的主权和领土完整、不侵犯别国、不干涉别国内政、平等互利、和平共处的原则来处理国与国之间别国、不干涉别国内政、平等互利、和平共处的原则来处理国与国之间别国、不干涉别国内政、平等互利、和平共处的原则来处理国与国之间别国、不干涉别国内政、平等互
56、利、和平共处的原则来处理国与国之间的关系。国际争端应在此基础上与以解决，而不诉诸武力和武力威胁。的关系。国际争端应在此基础上与以解决，而不诉诸武力和武力威胁。的关系。国际争端应在此基础上与以解决，而不诉诸武力和武力威胁。的关系。国际争端应在此基础上与以解决，而不诉诸武力和武力威胁。 There are essential differences between China and the There are essential differences between China and the United States in their social systems and foreign
57、policies. United States in their social systems and foreign policies. However, the two sides have agreed that countries, However, the two sides have agreed that countries, regardless of their social systems, should conduct their regardless of their social systems, should conduct their relations on t
58、he principles of respect of the sovereignty relations on the principles of respect of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all states, non-aggression and territorial integrity of all states, non-aggression against other states, non-interference in the internal against other states, non-inter
59、ference in the internal affairs of other states, equality and mutual benefit, and affairs of other states, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence. International disputes should be peaceful coexistence. International disputes should be settled on this basis, without resorting to the use or the settled on this basis, without resorting to the use or the threat of force. threat of force. 句句句句子翻译（下）子翻译（下）子翻译（下）子翻译（下）翻译练习翻译练习翻译练习翻译练习English Department of KDNTC Huang Xin
