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1、URBAN PLANNING PRINCIPLEDENG Zhaohua, School of Architecture, SCUTPlanning & Design for Residential Area1. Concept1. Concept2. Urban form2. Urban form3. Sunlight3. Sunlight4. Public facilities4. Public facilities5. Roads5. Roads6. Greening 6. Greening 1. Concepts1929 Neighborhood Unit1929 Neighborho
2、od Unit1 1SizeSize2 2BoundaryBoundary3 3Open spaceOpen space4. 4. LocationLocation5. 5. Local shopsLocal shops6. 6. Inner roadsInner roads1. ConceptsSoviet Union, EuropeSoviet Union, EuropeNot limited under the Not limited under the primary schoolprimary schools servicess servicesThe use of Neighbou
3、rhood Unit: Residential DistrictHierarchyResidential districtResidential clusterResidential grouphousehold1000016000300050003001000population3000050000100001500010003000Land use in Residential AreaDistrictClusterGroup Public buildingResidenceRoadPublic greenTotal2. Urban formLinearPeripheralDot-grou
4、pMixedFree-styleGroupsBlockSpatial organization: contrast Spatial organization1）elements：Hardelements：buildings,walls,pavementsSoftelements:trees,grass,water2）spatialdivision:Private,semi-private,Semi-public,publicEnclosure a.Gardensquare,b.Lineargarden,c.Square+LineargardennDifferentlevelofspace:nD
5、ifferentdegreeofscale,enclosureandpermeabilityScale of the enclosure3. Sunlight & distanceSunlight standardsStandard:accordingtothehouseholdsunlightgain:timeorqualityDistancefromsouthernbuilding:thelongedgeChinasurbanplanningstandard Calculation of sunlight distancetanh=(H-H1)/D,Sunlightdistance：D=(
6、H-H1)/tanh；OrientationTime for sunlight gain, strength of sunlight,winddirection,topographyConsider:Wintersunlightgain,Preventsummerdirectsunlight,Summerventilation,Winterpreventdirectnorthwind,TopographyVentilationtostrengthensummerventilationinhotarea,todrythedamparea,preventwintercoldinthenorth.R
7、elationshipwithbuildingdistance,urbanformandwindload4. Public servicesTypologyTomeetthedailyneeds:Education,Healthcare,Cultureandentertainment,Shops,Postalservices,Publicutilities,Administration,OthersUse sequenceFrequentusekindergarten,primaryschool,middleschool,shopsNon-frequentusehealthcare,hotel
8、,publicsafetyProfit-wise Profit-orientedkindergarten, book store, hotel,shopsNon-profitprimary school, public security, streetofficeContents of residential public servicesStandardsNumberofservices,Landmass,Totalfloorspace,Perthousandperson/householdStandardsHierarchy of residential public serviceDis
9、trictGroupBlockService radiusResidentialdistrict800-1000mResidentialblock400-500mResidentialgroup150-200mCommercial service locationEducational facilitiesMiddle school (district), primary school (block),kindergarten(group)Primaryschool:10%ofthepopulation;Middleschool:9.3%ofthepopulation.Childcare an
10、d KindergartensStudentsperclass:Childcare：medium15-20,large21-25.kindergarten： small20-25,medium26-30,large31-35.Numberofclass:Smallscale:3-6Mediumscale:6-12Largescale:12-15Health/sanitation serviceConsider:Population:classification,Individuallandwithconvenienttransport,Quietandfarfrompollution,Dist
11、ancefromschool,childcareDiscussionResidential public services:Profit-oriented vs non-profit servicesPlannedmarketGovernmentmarket5. RoadsHierarchyResidentialdistrictredline20-30m， vehiclelanewidth9-14m，pedestrianlanewidth2-4m,Residential blockredline10-14m， vehiclelanewidth7-9m，pedestrianlanewidth1.
12、5-2m,Residentialgroupredline8-10m，vehiclelanewidth5-7m,Buildingentrance2.5m.34categoriesRoad design principles-Topography,climate,landmass,spatialstructure, surrounding conditions, residencehabit-Trafficcalming,-Classification,-VentilationModelsVehicle and pedestrian:SeparationMixture1920sAmericanRa
13、dburnmodelSeparationRoad systemCul-de-sacringmixedRing inner and outerInnerringroadOuterringroadParkinggroundparking,undergroundparking,streetparking,concentratedparking,scatteredparking6. GreeningPrincipleServiceradiusFordifferentageKeeporiginalvegetationLocalcharacteristicEconomicKnotLineDistrictFunctionsPublicgreen:Sunlight,sportfacilitiesOutdoorlivesNaturalenvironmentForm封闭型院落式组团绿地 Enclosed greenOpen greenGreen next to buildingOverseas residential design Seaside, Florida Overseas residential design Millennium Village, LondonThank you!
