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1、Read and ExploreUnit 1 Man and Nature Get StartedListen and RespondOptional Classroom ActivitiesEnhance Your Language Awareness新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Unit 1Get Started3WatchingandDiscussionDiscussionQuotes1. Do you think man lives in harmony with nature now? 2. Do you think that man has been destroyin
2、g nature? Could you give some examples?3. What do you think we should do to preserve nature?Workinpairsorgroupsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.Get started-Discussion新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Unit 1Get Started4DiscussionQuotesWatchingandDiscussionStudy the following quotes about man and nature anddiscussi
3、npairswhatyoucanlearnfromthem.Get started-Quotes新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Unit 1Get Started5DiscussionQuotesWatchingandDiscussionStudy nature, love nature, stay close to nature. It will never fail you. Frank Lloyd Wright Interpretation:As an architect, Wright emphasizes the importance of loving and study
4、ing nature. We should observe nature, take care of it and live in harmony with it. And then we will never feel disappointed with it. Get started-QuotesClick Picture新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Unit 1Get Started6DiscussionQuotesWatchingandDiscussionLook deep into nature, and then you will understand everythi
5、ng better. Albert Einstein Interpretation:As a scientist, Einstein believes that a close study of nature will help us better understand things Get started-QuotesClick Picture新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Unit 1Get Started7DiscussionQuotesWatchingandDiscussionLook deep into nature, and then you will understan
6、d everything better. William Hazlitt Interpretation:As a writer, Hazlitt urges us to love and appreciate nature heart and soul. Get started-QuotesClick Picture新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Unit 1Get Started8DiscussionQuotesWatchingandDiscussionThe highest purpose is to have no purpose at all. This puts one i
7、n accord with nature, in her manner of operation. John Cage Interpretation:Mans ideal life is to be integrated into nature, so we should respect nature and follow its laws. Get started-QuotesClick Picture新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Unit 1Get Started9WatchingandDiscussionDiscussionQuotesWatch the following
8、video clip “If the world warms by 6 degrees ” and do the tasks that follow:videoclick hereclick here新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Unit 1Get Started10WatchingandDiscussionDiscussionQuotes If the world warms by 6 degrees, from a distance the may appear bright blue, but they are marine wastelands. Deserts acros
9、s continents like conquering armies. become common events. Some of the worlds great cities are and abandoned. If temperatures soar by 6 degrees within , were going to face nothing less than a global wipe out. floodedvideo1.Fill in the missing words according to what you hear from the video clip. Vid
10、eo-1_march_Natural disasters_oceans_less than a century_click hereclick here新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Unit 1Get Started11WatchingandDiscussionDiscussionQuotesVideo-22. What do you think are other possible consequences of a warmer climate? (Open.) click hereUnit 1Listen and Respond12WordBankTaskOneTaskTwo
11、新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4marine a. of, near, living in, or obtained from the sea （近）海的；海生（产）的 fishery n. a part of the sea used for the business of catching sea fish 近海渔场 exhaust vt. use up completely 用完，用尽 Listen and Respond Word BankUnit 1Listen and Respond13WordBankTaskOneTaskTwo新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4
12、endanger vt. cause danger to 使遭危害，危及 excessive a. too much; too great; going beyond what is reasonable or right 过多的，过分的，过度的 starvation n. U suffering or death from lack of food 挨饿，饥饿；饿 死 Listen and Respond Word BankUnit 1Listen and Respond14TaskOneWordBank新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4TaskTwoChoosethebestans
13、wertoeachofthefollowingquestionsaccording to the information contained in the listeningpassage.L&R 1Unit 1Listen and Respond15TaskOneWordBank新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4TaskTwo1.What is the main idea of the passage?_L&R 1A) The importance of seafood supplies.B) The fish harvest in the North Atlantic.C) The
14、 decline in fish supplies in the sea.D) The importance of protecting sea resources.Unit 1Listen and Respond16TaskOneWordBank新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4TaskTwo2. What did people in Europe and America in the 19th century think about marine resources? _L&R 1A) They thought that marine resources were almost e
15、xhausted.B) They thought that marine resources were seriously destroyed.C) They thought that marine resources were unlimited.D) They thought that marine resources were endangered.Unit 1Listen and Respond17TaskOneWordBank新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4TaskTwo3. Why are the threats to fish more alarming than th
16、e threats to animals and birds? _L&R 1A) Because fish is a much needed food resource.B) Because plenty of fish is killed every year.C) Because fish is the only diet for many people.D) Because the sea fisheries are going to be exhausted.Unit 1Listen and Respond18TaskOneWordBank新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Ta
17、skTwo4. How much fish is harvested in the North Atlantic every year? _L&R 1A) 12 billion pounds.B) 12 million pounds.C) 20 billion pounds.D) 20 million pounds.Unit 1Listen and Respond19TaskOneWordBank新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4TaskTwoA) Natural resources will be exhausted within the next few years.B) Fish
18、 reserves will be destroyed within the next few years because of excessive fishing.C) People in some parts of the world will face starvation because of the drought.D) Peoples demand on fish will decline in some parts of the world. 5. What warning do scientists give in the passage? _L&R 1Unit 1Listen
19、 and Respond20TaskTwoWordBankTaskOne新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4L&R 2Listentotherecordingagainandfillineachoftheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhaveheard.Unit 1Listen and Respond21TaskTwoWordBankTaskOne新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4 Today though, there is evidence showing that marine resources are as seriously as those of
20、the land and the air. In fact, in some ways the to fish are more alarming than the threats to animals and birds. This is because fish is a much needed food , as people throughout the world depend on fish as an important part of their . It is reported that to food demands, 20 billion pounds of fish a
21、re every year in the L&R 2endangered_threats_resource_diet_satisfy_harvested_Unit 1Listen and Respond22TaskTwoWordBankTaskOne新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4North Atlantic alone. Sea resources are also rapidly in many other parts of the world. Scientists now believe that food from the sea wont last forever. Th
22、ey warn that fishing will destroy fish reserves within the next few years. They also warn that the decline in fish supply will cause in some parts of the world.L&R 2supplies_declining_excessive_starvation_Unit 1Read and Explore TextADiscoveringtheMainIdeasIn-DepthStudyVoicingYourViews23新世纪大学英语系列教材（第
23、二版）综合教程41. Does man tend to become less dependent on nature with the rapid development of society? Why or why not? 2. What does the author think about the present relationship between man and nature? 3. Whats the distinct feature of modern technology according to the passage? 4. Whats the solution t
24、o the ecological crisis according to the author? 5. Whats the authors attitude towards the human transformation of nature?Main Idea-1Exercise 1: Answer the following questions with theinformationcontainedinTextA.Unit 1Read and Explore TextADiscoveringtheMainIdeasIn-DepthStudyVoicingYourViews24新世纪大学英
25、语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Main Idea-2Exercise 2: Text A can be divided into four parts with theparagraphnumber(s)ofeachpartprovidedasfollows.Writedownthemainideaofeachpart.Unit 1Read and Explore TextADiscoveringtheMainIdeasIn-DepthStudyVoicingYourViews25新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Main Idea-2PartParas.Main Idea I1-2I
26、I3-4III5-7IV8-9Main Idea-2 Man lives in the realm of nature. He is connected with nature by “blood” ties and he cannot live outside nature. As society develops, man tends to become less dependent on nature directly, while indirectly his dependence grows because it is increasingly difficult to obtain
27、 irreplaceable natural resources for the needs of production. At present Mother Nature is being exhausted in resources, contaminated. The previous dynamic balance between man and nature and between nature and society as a whole has shown ominous signs of breaking down. The solution to man-nature lie
28、s in rational and wise organization of both production itself and care for Mother Nature by all humanity. Unit 1Read and Explore TextADiscoveringtheMainIdeasIn-DepthStudy26新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4VoicingYourViews Nature nurtures mankind unselfishly with its rich resources. Yet, man is so carried away i
29、n his transformation of nature that he is unaware that it also has limitations and needs constant care. Now worn by the excessive demands of mankind, nature is unable to maintain the ecological balance needed. Humanity is faced with the problem of how to stop, or at least to moderate, the destructio
30、n of Mother Nature. In-DepthUnit 1Read and Explore TextADiscoveringtheMainIdeasIn-DepthStudy27新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4VoicingYourViews1 Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are constantly surrounded by it and interact with it. Man is constantly aware of the influence of nature in the form of
31、the air he breathes, the water he drinks, and the food he eats. We are connected with nature by “blood” ties and we cannot live outside nature. In-DepthManintheRealmofNature Alexander SpirkinUnit 1Read and Explore TextADiscoveringtheMainIdeasIn-DepthStudy28新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4VoicingYourViewsIn-Dep
32、th2 Man is not only a dweller in nature, he also transforms it. Humanity converts natures wealth into the means of the cultural, historical life of society. Man has subdued and disciplined electricity and it to serve the interests of society. Not only has man various species of plants and animals to
33、 different climatic conditions, he has also changed the shape and climate of his environment and transformed plants and animals. compelledtransferredUnit 1Read and Explore TextADiscoveringtheMainIdeasIn-DepthStudy29新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4VoicingYourViewsregarded as something hostile to man. The forest
34、, for example, was something wild and frightening and people tried to force it to retreat. This was all done in the name of civilisation, which meant the places where man had made his home, where the earth was cultivated, where the forest had been cut down.3 As society develops, man tends to become
35、less dependent on nature directly, while indirectly his dependence grows. Our distant ancestors lived in fear of natures destructive forces. Very often they were unable to obtain the merest daily necessities. However, despite their imperfect tools, they worked together stubbornly, collectively, and
36、were able to attain results. Nature was also changed through interaction with man. Forests were destroyed and the area of farmland increased. Nature with its elemental forces wasIn-DepthUnit 1Read and Explore TextADiscoveringtheMainIdeasIn-DepthStudy30新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4VoicingYourViewsreplaceable
37、 resources of the biosphere has become particularly acute. It is getting more and more difficult to satisfy the needs of human beings and society even for such a substance, for example, as fresh water. The problem of eliminating industrial waste is also becoming increasingly complex. 4 But as time g
38、oes on mankind becomes increasingly concerned with the question of where and how to obtain irreplaceable natural resources for the needs of production. Science and mans practical transforming activities have made humanity aware of the enormous geological role played by the industrial transformation
39、of the earth. 5 At present the previous dynamic balance between man and nature and between nature and society as a whole has shown ominous signs of breaking down. The problem of the so-called In-DepthUnit 1Read and Explore TextADiscoveringtheMainIdeasIn-DepthStudy31新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4VoicingYourVi
40、ewssynthetic, glittering fabrics that are obviously not good for them. Young people may hardly feel this, and they pay more attention to appearance than to health. But they become more aware of this harmful influence as they grow older. 7 As time goes on the synthetic output of production turns into
41、 waste, and then substances that in their original form were not very toxic are transformed in the cycle of natural processes into aggressive agents. Today both natural scientists and philosophers are asking themselves the question: Is mans destruction of the biosphere inevitable? 6 Modern technolog
42、y is distinguished by an ever increasing abundance of produced and used synthetic goods. Hundreds of thousands of synthetic materials are being made. People increasingly cover their bodies from head to foot in nylon and otherIn-DepthUnit 1Read and Explore TextADiscoveringtheMainIdeasIn-DepthStudy32新
43、世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4VoicingYourViewsuse such resources as solar energy, the power of winds, the riches of the seas and oceans and other, as yet unknown natural forces of the universe.9 But to return to our theme, the bitter truth is that those human actions which violate the laws of nature, the harm
44、ony of the biosphere, threaten to bring disaster and this disaster may turn out to be universal. How apt then are the words of ancient Oriental wisdom: live closer to nature, my friends, and its eternal laws will protect you! 8 The man-nature relation the crisis of the ecological situation is a glob
45、al problem. Its solution lies in rational and wise organization of both production itself and care for Mother Nature, not just by individuals, enterprises or countries, but by all humanity. One of the ways to deal with the crisis situation in the “man-nature” system is In-DepthUnit 1Read and Explore
46、 TextAVoicingYourViews33新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4In-DepthStudyDiscoveringtheMainIdeasvoicingInoureverydaylife,wemayfindlotsofinstancesofnature-unfriendlybehaviour. Nowworkinpairsorgroupsandfillinthe table with some such instances and then offer yoursuggestionsorpossiblesolutions.Shareyourviewswiththewho
47、leclass.Unit 1Read and Explore TextAVoicingYourViews34新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4In-DepthStudyDiscoveringtheMainIdeasvoicingNature-unfriendly Behaviour Suggestions & Solutions Driving private cars is becoming fashionable. Promoting the use of public transportation. Abusive use of exhaustible resources has
48、 caused serious environmental problems. Developing inexhaustible resour-ces such as solar energy, wind power, etc. Disposable plastic lunch boxes are over- used in restaurants. Using ones own lunch boxes. Plastic bags are excessively used for packing. Bringing ones own cloth or paper bags when shopp
49、ing. Lights or water taps are often left on in pubic places. Turning off the lights or water taps after use. Potentially toxic wastes such as used batteries are thrown away at random. Setting up separate litter bins for disposal of potentially toxic wastes such as used batteries. Unit 1Read and Expl
50、ore TextBKeyWordsandExpressionsDifficultSentencesComprehensionQuestions35新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Key Words (B)Key Words for Text BtrackbarescrapetipmiraclepilemasssparktherebyemergetriggerconsumehollowUnit 1Read and Explore TextBKeyWordsandExpressionsDifficultSentencesComprehensionQuestions36新世纪大学英语系列教
51、材（第二版）综合教程4Key Words (B)Expressions for Text Bsweep sb. up cope with tough it out search out up to nothing short of thaw out settle in Unit 1Read and Explore TextBKeyWordsandExpressionsDifficultSentences37新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4ComprehensionQuestions昨昨夜夜刚刚下下了了一一场大大雪雪，像像白白桦树皮皮那那样洁白白，白白雪雪皑皑的的大大地地上上什什么么也
52、也没没有有，只只有有我我自自己己的的足足迹迹，仿仿佛佛是是缝在在桦树皮皮上上的的一一行行细密密针脚。脚。1. No tracks but my own are stitched into the dusting of fresh snow, white as birch bark, that fell during the night. (Para. 1) 2) Please translate the sentence into Chinese.Metaphor (“ are stitched into”, walking in the snow is compared to the sew
53、ing of clothes) and simile (“white as birch bark”, the color of snow is compared to that of the birch bark). Sentences1) Please identify the figures of speech used in this sentence. Unit 1Read and Explore TextBKeyWordsandExpressionsDifficultSentences38新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4ComprehensionQuestions2. Th
54、e sight of flakes parachuting onto the front lawn, which swept you up in December, now just means you have to scrape your car windshield. (Para. 3) 2) Please translate the sentence into Chinese.片片片片雪雪花花飘落落在在房房前前的的草草坪坪上上，要要是是在在12月月份份，这景景象象会会让你你产生生飘然然于于天天地地之之间的的感感觉，而而此此刻刻，这意意味味着着你你得得刮刮除除汽汽车挡风玻璃上的玻璃上的积
55、雪。雪。The (very) sight of him makes me sick. Sentences1) Make a sentence with the italicized structure. Unit 1Read and Explore TextBKeyWordsandExpressionsDifficultSentences39新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4ComprehensionQuestions3. The survival of some species seems nothing short of miraculous. (Para. 9) 2) Pleas
56、e translate the sentence into Chinese.有些物种的存活有些物种的存活简直就是奇迹。直就是奇迹。To do that would be nothing short of suicide. Sentences1) Make a sentence with the italicized structure. Unit 1Read and Explore TextBKeyWordsandExpressionsDifficultSentences40新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4ComprehensionQuestions4. Each track, ea
57、ch piece of bird song, each frozen seed, is an affirmation of life, a defiance to the cold, a promise. (Para. 17) 2) Please translate the sentence into Chinese.每每一一个个足足迹迹，每每一一声声鸟鸣，每每一一粒粒冰冰冻的的种种子子，都都是是对生生命命的的一一种肯定，种肯定，对寒冷的一种抗争，也是一个希望。寒冷的一种抗争，也是一个希望。The basic structure of the sentence is “A is B”, and
58、 both “A” and “B” consist of three nominal phrases, which help the sentence nicely balanced.Sentences1) Comment on the parallel structure of the sentence. Unit 1Read and Explore TextBComprehensionQuestions41新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4DifficultSentencesKeyWordsandExpressionsQ1Q1Q2Q2ComprehensionWhat can we
59、 learn about the authors feelings from Para. 1? What can we learn from the word “halfheartedly” in Para. 2? Paras.1-2Q3Q3What is the weather like in winter in the place where the author is settled? Unit 1Read and Explore TextBComprehensionQuestions42新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4DifficultSentencesKeyWordsand
60、ExpressionsQ1Q1Para.3ComprehensionWhat does the author think of snow in winter?Para.3Unit 1Read and Explore TextBComprehensionQuestions43新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4DifficultSentencesKeyWordsandExpressionsQ1Q1Q2Q2Para.3ComprehensionWhat did people use to think about the seasonal change from winter to sprin
61、g, according to the paragraph? What can be inferred from the sentence about birds changing into other animals? What is really happening? Para.4Unit 1Read and Explore TextBComprehensionQuestions44新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4DifficultSentencesKeyWordsandExpressionsQ4Q4Q1Q1Q2Q2Q3Q3Paras.5-7ComprehensionWhat a
62、re the two basic options open to wildlife to survive winter? How do butterflies, reindeers, and gray whales survive winter? Do all animals travel a long distance to get through the harsh winter? What is a microclimate in your opinion? Would you give an example of the existence of a microclimate in o
63、ur surroundings? Unit 1Read and Explore TextBComprehensionQuestions45新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4DifficultSentencesKeyWordsandExpressionsQ1Q1Q2Q2Q3Q3Para.1ComprehensionHow do musk oxen cope with cold? How do polar bears cope with the cold? What does the author think of the survival of chickadees? Paras.8-9
64、Unit 1Read and Explore TextBComprehensionQuestions46新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4DifficultSentencesKeyWordsandExpressionsQ1Q1Q2Q2Para.1ComprehensionHow do chickadees survive winter? What does “a trick” in the last sentence in Para. 12 refer to? Paras.10-12Unit 1Read and Explore TextBComprehensionQuestions47
65、新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4DifficultSentencesKeyWordsandExpressionsQ1Q1Q2Q2Q3Q3Para.1ComprehensionWhy did the author tap the ice on top of a small creek? How do bears hibernate in winter? What is the bears belief according to the author? Paras.13-15Unit 1Read and Explore TextBComprehensionQuestions48新世纪大学
66、英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4DifficultSentencesKeyWordsandExpressionsQ1Q1Para.1ComprehensionWhat do you think is the main idea of the text? Paras.16-18Unit 1Optional Classroom Activities 49新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4OptionalActivity1:Thetexttellsushowsomeanimalssurvivethecoldwinter.Completethefollowingtablebylistingth
67、e animals and the ways and means they havedevisedtocopewiththecoldinwinter.Unit 1Optional Classroom Activities 50新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4OptionalTypes of animals Ways and means to cope with the cold in winter Birds of different species Migrating to warmer climates. Butterfly Migrating to warmer climate
68、s (Traveling sometimes 4,000 miles to Mexico, Texas and California). Reindeer Migrating to warmer climates (Streaming out of the high Arctic with the first frosts of winter). Gray whale Migrating to warmer climates (travelling thousands of miles seeking warmth, food and sunlight). Elk Making short t
69、rips to warmer local areas (Moving from high country to nearby valleys). Bald eagle Making short trips to warmer local areas (Seeking open water). White tailed deer Making short trips to warmer local areas (Searching out a south-facing slope to catch the morning sun). Unit 1Optional Classroom Activi
70、ties 51新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4OptionalTypes of animals Ways and means to cope with the cold in winter Musk ox Standing with their backs to the below-zero wind, slowly breathing through nostrils that warm the super-cooled winter air. Polar bear Laying on layers of fat up to seven inches thick beneath a
71、 coat of fur with nearly 10,000 hairs per square inch; Having rough footpads skid-resistant on the ice. Chickadee Eating twice as much food in winter as in summer to accumulate a layer of fat that will burn slowly through the cold night; Having 30 percent more feathers in winter which can be fluffed
72、 up, trapping a layer of warm air; Dropping body temperatures as much as 20 degrees below the normal 104, thereby slowing energy consumption. Unit 1Optional Classroom Activities 52新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4OptionalTypes of animals Ways and means to cope with the cold in winter Wood frog Being frozen soli
73、d, like lumps of ice in winter;Thawing out in the coming spring by flooding its bloodstream with glucose. Snakes In the same way as tree frogs. Unit 1Optional Classroom Activities 53新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4OptionalActivity2:Workingroupsandconductresearchonanyspeciesofwildlifethatyouareinterestedin,focu
74、singonhowtheysurvivewinter. Presentyourfindingstothewholeclass.Unit 1Enhance Your Language AwarenessUsefulExpressionsTheme-RelatedWriting54新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4GrammarinContextUseful Expressions-AUsefulExpressionsfromTextAChineseEquivalencesinteract with be aware of compel sb. to do sth. tend to liv
75、e in fear of be regarded as hostile to 与与互动互动 意识到，注意到意识到，注意到 迫使某人做某事迫使某人做某事 倾向于倾向于 生活在对生活在对的恐惧之中的恐惧之中 被视为被视为 不利于不利于 Unit 1Enhance Your Language AwarenessUsefulExpressionsTheme-RelatedWriting55新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4GrammarinContextUseful Expressions-AUsefulExpressionsfromTextBChineseEquivalencesin the
76、 name of show signs of be concerned with satisfy the needs of from head to foot violate the laws of nature 以以的名义的名义 显示出显示出的迹象的迹象 关心关心 满足满足的需求的需求 从头到脚；全身从头到脚；全身 违背自然规律违背自然规律 Unit 1Enhance Your Language AwarenessUsefulExpressionsTheme-RelatedWriting56新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4GrammarinContextUseful Express
77、ions-AUsefulExpressionsfromTextBChineseEquivalencestough it out bend under the weight of stream out of span the globe take advantage of up to 苦熬苦熬 被被压弯压弯 成群结队地离开成群结队地离开 长途跋涉长途跋涉 利用利用 多达多达，直到，直到 Unit 1Enhance Your Language AwarenessUsefulExpressionsGrammarinContext57新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Theme-Related
78、Writing现在分词作状语现在分词作状语一、现在分词短语作时间状语：一、现在分词短语作时间状语：1分词动作一发生，谓语动作紧跟着发生，用现在分词的一般式作时间状语，其逻辑主语为句中的主语。常用的动词有：hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等，表示一个极短暂动作。如： Hearing their teachers voice, the pupils stopped talking at once. 2谓语动作发生在分词所表示的动作过程之中，用when / while + 现在
79、分词的一般式，分词的逻辑主语为句中的主语。如： Dont be careless when /while having an exam. 3分词所表示的动作完成之后，谓语动作才发生，则要现在分词的完成式，即having done的形式。分词的逻辑主语应是句中的主语。如： Having finished his homework, the boy was allowed to watch TV play. GrammarUnit 1Enhance Your Language AwarenessUsefulExpressionsGrammarinContext58新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综
80、合教程4Theme-RelatedWriting二、现在分词在句中作原因状语二、现在分词在句中作原因状语1分词短语在句中作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句。当分词所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，用分词的一般形式。如： Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.2分词表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前时，可以用现在分词的完成式在句中作原因状语，该从句的谓语动词须用完成时。如： Having lived with the girl for 5 year
81、s, we all know her very well.GrammarUnit 1Enhance Your Language AwarenessUsefulExpressionsGrammarinContext59新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Theme-RelatedWriting三、现在分词短语在句中作条件状语三、现在分词短语在句中作条件状语现在分词短语在句中作条件状语时，其逻辑主语为句中的主语，该短语相当于一个条件状语从句。如：Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the park. 四、现在分词短语在
82、句中作让步状语四、现在分词短语在句中作让步状语现在分词短语在句中作让步状语时，其逻辑主语是句中的主语，相当于一个让步状语从句，有时分词前可以带有连接词although, whether, even if, even though。如：Weighing almost one hundred jin, the stone was moved by him alone.GrammarUnit 1Enhance Your Language AwarenessUsefulExpressionsGrammarinContext60新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Theme-RelatedWrit
83、ing五、现在分词短语在句中作结果状语五、现在分词短语在句中作结果状语现在分词短语在句中可以作结果状语，相当于一个结果状语从句，其逻辑主语是句中的主语。分词短语在句中作结果状语时，通常位于句末，中间有逗号。有时为了加强语气，就在分词前加thus。如：Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. 六、分词短语在句中表示方式或伴随情况六、分词短语在句中表示方式或伴随情况现在分词短语可表示方式或伴随情况，用来说明动作发生的背景或情况。一般情况下，现在分词所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，它的逻辑主语就是句中的主语，
84、谓语动词作为主要动作，而现在分词表示一个陪衬动作。如：The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.GrammarUnit 1Enhance Your Language AwarenessUsefulExpressionsGrammarinContext61新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Theme-RelatedWritingGrammarNow, please do the tasks on Pages 23-24 in yourtextbook.Unit 1Enhance Your Language
85、 AwarenessGrammarinContextTheme-RelatedWriting62新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4UsefulExpressionswritingWriteanessayofnolessthan150wordsonthetopic“MyUnderstanding of Environmental Protection”. Your writingshouldcoverthefollowingpoints: the relationship between man and the environment the urgency of environment
86、al protection ways to protect the environmentUnit 1Enhance Your Language AwarenessGrammarinContextTheme-RelatedWriting63新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4UsefulExpressionswritingSampleWritingMy Understanding of Environmental Protection Man and the environment are closely related. Man relies on the environment fo
87、r water, food and shelter. A harmonious relationship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth. However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, mans transformation of nature has severely polluted his living e
88、nvironment. Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts andUnit 1Enhance Your Language AwarenessGrammarinContextTheme-RelatedWriting64新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4UsefulExpressionswritingSampleWritingsandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our
89、 health and the lives of other beings. And mass production has resulted in the shortage of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protect our environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct. We should do our best to pr
90、otect our environment by planting more trees, taking care of wildlife, reducing industrial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines on environmentally-unfriendly activities, so as to preserve the environment for future generations. (167 words) Thank You!160新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程4Notation type hereNotation
