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1、定语从句好定语从句好Keywords:定语从句：定语从句： 修饰名词和代词的从句修饰名词和代词的从句ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.定语从句定语从句thebestfilm先行词先行词关系词关系词6.Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownallovertheworld.与其后面的名词一起与其后面的名词一起作主语作主语,whose的含义与的含义与ones相同相同7.Thisisaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.“它的窗户它的窗户”做定语做定语从句的主语从句的主语关系关系代词代词指代指代在定语从句中所充在定语从句中所充当
2、的成分当的成分人人物物句子句子主语主语宾语宾语定语定语whowhomwhichthatwhose1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is there anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it考点一考点一:that与与which的区别的区
3、别先行词为先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代等不定代词时，关系代词用词时，关系代词用that4. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom5. There is no dictionary _ you can find everything.A. that B. which C. where D. in that6. Is ox
4、ygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it7. Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you? A. that B. which C. where D. it先行词为先行词为人和物的人和物的组合组合先行词被先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等等修饰时修饰时先行词被先行词被序数词序数词(the first)或或形容词最形容词最高级高级(the best) 以及以及 the very, the only 等修饰时。等修饰时。若主句中有疑
5、问代词若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者或者 which，为，为了避免重复了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用关系代词不要再用 who, which，而用，而用 that。 1.先行词为先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代等不定代词。词。2.先行词被先行词被all,little,much,every,no等修饰等修饰时。时。3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰或先先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰或先行词前行词前thelast,thevery,theonly等时。等时。4.先行词为人和物的组合先行词为人和物的组合5.若
6、主句中有疑问代词若主句中有疑问代词who或者或者which，为了避免重复而用为了避免重复而用that。一、只能用一、只能用that的情况的情况记忆：记忆：1.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichBthatCthisD.it二、只能用二、只能用which的情况的情况:1、逗号后面、逗号后面 (非限制性定从非限制性定从) 2、介词后面、介词后面2.Thisisthehousein_heoncelived.A.whoseB.thatC.whichD.this考点二考点二: : 介词介词+ +关系代词关系代词注意：
7、指物时介词注意：指物时介词which 指人时介词指人时介词whomExamples:1.Theman_youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroom_myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.withwhominwhich 介词介词关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句, , 关键是判关键是判断介词的选择断介词的选择. .方法一方法一: :根据从句中根据从句中动词动词与与先行词先行词习惯搭配习惯搭配方法二方法二: :根据从句中动词与先行词的根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系逻辑关系ThemanisfromBeijingUnivers
8、ity.Italkedabouthimatthemeeting.Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.Jointhemintoonesentence.=ThemanaboutItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity. 关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用不能用thatthat，也不能省略，常用也不能省略，常用whichwhich或或whomwhom。该介词通常该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。可以放在关系代词之前，
9、也可放在从句之尾。whom考点三考点三 Whose Whose 用法及转换形式用法及转换形式1. whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。构成名词短语。Thats the child whose father is a teacher.Do you know the woman whose husband is a doctor?This is a book whose cover is green.2.2.whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，以指人，还可以指物还可以指物。 3. whose的先行词指物时的先行词
10、指物时, 可用可用of which代替代替, 但词序不同，但词序不同，即即whose+名词名词 = the +n + of which = of which + the + n.Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.= He lives in the room, faces south.= He lives in the room, faces south.the window of which of which the window 考点四：考点四：as与与which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以两者均可引导非限制性定
11、语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用互换，但下列情况多用as。1.当与当与such或或thesame连用时，一般用连用时，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou(have).2.as引导的从句可以放在句首引导的从句可以放在句首,as本身有本身有“正正如如.正象正象”之意，与之连用的词有之意，与之连用的词有know,see,expect,announce,pointout等。等。e.g.Asweallknow/isknowntous,theearthisround.1._wasnatural,hemar
12、riedJenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Suchsigns_weuseintheexperiment_Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,is4._hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As5.Wedothesamework_theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.likeAnyone_breaksthelawispunished.Those_breakthelawarepunished.He_breaksthe
13、lawispunished.One_studieshardandworkswellisapersonthatweshouldlearnfrom.在在anyone, those, one, ones, he/she/I / they作先行词时作先行词时, 用用 “who” 而不是而不是 “that”.考点五考点五:that与与who的区别的区别whowhowhowho 考点六考点六: :定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句中主谓一致问题 定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先先行词行词保持一致。保持一致。1.I am not one who _afraid
14、of difficulty2.Don t choose me, who _not fit for this job3. Thenumberofpeoplewho_(learn/learns)EnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.isamlearn3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten4.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirls_wellinclass.A.whichsingsB
15、.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosingThetime_wasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.whenIfirstmetNelsonMandela误误:whichIfirstmetNelsonMandelaMandelawastheblacklawyer_.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,_.towhomIwentforadvice.误误:who/whomIwentforadvice.gotosbforadviceforwhichIwasgrateful.误误:which/thatIwasgrateful.begratefulfor
16、at/duringTheschool_wasthreekilometresaway.whereIstudiedforonlytwoyears误误:whichIstudiedforonlytwoyearsThiswasatime_.whenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.误误:whichonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.inin/during关系副词的用法关系副词的用法 关系副词关系副词指代指代 在从句中的作在从句中的作用用whenwherewhy时间时间时间状语时间状语地点地点地点
17、状语地点状语原因原因原因状语原因状语(=at/in/on/duringwhich)(=in/atwhich)(=forwhich)Practice1.Iwillneverforgettheday_wewereinthecountry.2.Thisisthepark_youtookphotoslastSunday.3.Thatwasthereason_hewaslateforschool.whenwhere why= on whichon the day= in whichin the park= for which4.Doyouknowthegirl_justnow?A.whomyoutalk
18、edB.thatyoutalkedC.withwhoyoutalkedD.youtalkedwith5.Therearemanybooksinthelibrary,_areaboutscience.A.30%inwhichB.ofwhich30%C.30%ofthemD.30%inthem比较下列句子Thisisthefactory_wevisitedyesterday.Thisisthefactory_myfatherworkedlastyear.whichthat不不填填where= in whichIwillneverforgettheday_Iwasborn.Iwillneverfor
19、gettheday_wespenttogetherlastyear.when(whichthat)= on whichThisisoneofthebestfactories_fasionclotheshere.Thisistheonlyoneofthebestfactories_fasionclotheshere.A.WhichmakesB.thatmakesC.WhichmakeD.thatmakeMr.Smithhassomepictures,_arevaluable.Mr.Smithhassomepictures,and_arevaluable.A.allofwhichB.allofwhomC.allofthemD.allofthat_isknowntous,theearthisround._isknowntousthattheearthisround.A.whichB.asC.itD.thatDoyouknowtheway_theywillusetosolvethisproblem?Idontknowtheway_theywillsolvethatproblem.A.thatB.不填不填C.inwhichB.D.A、BandCE.AandB结束语结束语谢谢大家聆听！谢谢大家聆听！40
