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1、专题五形容词和副词专题五形容词和副词2019 2019 全新版全新版分析广东近6年中考真题可知，形容词和副词是每年的必考点之一(68.5分)。其命题规律为：必考点：形容词和副词的比较等级(6年6考；题型：单项填空)形容词和副词的词义辨析(6年6考；题型：单项填空、完形填空)高频考点：形容词的用法(6年4考；题型：短文填空)副词的用法(6年6考；题型：短文填空)目目 录录 CONTENTS考点精讲易错盘点解题技巧试题精练1. 作定语：常放在名词之前。如：I have an interesting book.我有一本有趣的书。2. 作表语：常跟在系动词之后。系动词主要有：be动词； 一好像(see
2、m); 二保持(keep, remain); 三变化(turn, become, get); 五感官(feel, sound, look, smell, taste)。如：Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 秋天树叶变黄。You look very happy. 你看上去很开心。考点精讲考点 形容词的用法(6年4考)3. 作宾补：跟在宾语之后，常用于“keep, make, leave, find, feel, think等动词宾语形容词”结构中。如：We should keep the classroom clean every day. 我们应该每天保持教室干净。4
3、. 形容词的其他用法(1)ed形容词一般用来形容“人的感受”，表示“感到的”，主语一般是人；ing形容词一般用来形容“物体本身具有的性质”，表示“令人感到的”，主语常常是物或事。 如：After hearing the exciting news, I felt very excited. 听到这个令人激动的消息之后，我感到非常激动。(2)形容词修饰复合不定代词 (something, anything, nothing, everything, somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, somewhere, everywhere, anywhere等)时，要
4、放在不定代词的后面。如：I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你。(3)大多数形容词既可以作定语，又可以作表语，但是 awake, afraid, ill, well, worth, ready, sorry, sure等只能作表语。如：I am afraid of the snake. 我怕蛇。(4)enough作形容词时，常位于名词之前；作副词时，位于被修饰词之后。 如： enough water 足够的水；fast enough 足够快。()1. (2011广东) Have you ever seen the movie ca
5、lled Los Angeles 2011?Yes, but I think its_. I fell asleep when I saw it.Aexciting BboringCboredDexcited()2. The manager sounded _ on the phone. He offered to show us around the company.Alonely BfriendlyCproudDseriousBB1. 副词的用法 副词一般充当状语， 修饰动词、形容词、副词，还可修饰句子，一般放在行为动词后面，表程度或频率的副词一般放在动词前。如：Its raining h
6、eavily now. It often rains in my hometown. 现在雨下得很大。我的家乡经常下雨。I dont like eating junk food, either. 我也不喜欢吃垃圾食品。考点 副词的用法(6年5考)2. 副词的分类 (1)时间副词：ago, today, now, then, once, before, already, just, yet, soon等。(2)频度副词：always, often, usually, sometimes, never, seldom等。(3)地点副词：here, there, everywhere, out, h
7、ome, back等。(4)程度副词：much, very, quite, too, nearly, hard, so, almost, enough, still, only等。(5)方式副词：quickly, slowly, carefully, loudly, badly, safely等。(6)疑问副词：when, where, how, why等。3. 形容词变副词的规则规则例词一般情况下在形容词词尾加lysadsadly, quietquietly, carefulcarefully以“辅音字母y”结尾的，变y为i再加lyluckyluckily, happyhappily, no
8、isynoisily以“辅音字母le”结尾的，去掉e再加yterribleterribly, simplesimply, gentlegently其他变化truetruly, fullfully易错提醒1.形容词与副词同形的有：fast, early, hard, high, straight等。2. lovely, friendly, lonely, ugly等词是形容词，不是副词。()3. (2017广东)We can collect rainwater when it rains _， and use it to water plants.AsoftlyBheavilyCnoisily
9、Dquietly()4. (2016广东)According to a recent survey, _three fifths of working mothers in China dont want to have a second child.AmostlyBespeciallyCpartly Dnearly BD()5. (2014广东) Take care when you are driving, _in a summer storm like this.AimmediatelyBespeciallyCprobably Drecently ()6. (2012广东)Did you
10、 go to the cinema to see 3D Titanic last night?No, I _ go to the cinema. The tickets are too expensive.AhardlyBnearlyCstillDonlyBA()7. (2018佛山市南海区模拟)Driving to work used to be popular.That was true. But _， more and more people go to work by bike to avoid traffic jams.AhardlyBespeciallyCwidelyDlately
11、()8. (2018梅州市模拟)English is _ spoken in the world. So it is very important to learn it well.AwiselyBbadlyCnearlyDwidelyDD()9. Mom, I think Im _ to get back to school.Not really, my dear. Youd better stay at home for another day or two.Aenough good Benough well Cwell enoughDgood enoughC ()10. Do you l
12、ike seeing a movie on your mobile phone? No. I _do that because it makes me uncomfortable.AseldomBoften Cusually DsometimesA 1. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成(1)规则变化(副词与形容词的变化规则相同)考点 形容词和副词的比较等级(6年6考)情况分类变化规则例词一般情况直接在词尾加 er, esttalltallertallest; smallsmallersmallest以不发音的字母e结尾的词直接在词尾加 r, stnicenicernicest; large
13、largerlargest情况分类变化规则例词以“辅音字母y”结尾的词变y为i再加er ，estdrydrierdriest; earlyearlierearliest以“元音字母辅音字母” 结尾， 且辅音为重读闭音节词双写辅音字母，再加er，estthinthinnerthinnest；bigbiggerbiggest大多数多音节和部分双音节词在词前加 more，mostdeliciousmore deliciousmost delicious(2)不规则变化原级比较级最高级good(好的)/well(健康的)betterbestbad/badly(坏的/坏地)/ ill(有病的)worse
14、worstlittle(少的；小的)lessleastmuch/many(多的)moremostfar(远的)farther/furtherfarthest/furthest巧学妙记比较级要变化，一般词尾加er；词尾若有哑音e, 直接加r就可以；一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写；辅音字母若加y，要把y变成i；最高级加est，前面加the莫忘记；形容词若是多音节，more，most要前写。2. 形容词、副词原级的用法(1)AB: as adj./adv. 原级 as。如：The weather is as hot as it was yesterday. 今天和昨天一样热。(2)AB: not s
15、o/asadj./adv. 原级as。即：A不如B。如：Tom doesnt run so/as fast as Sam. 汤姆没有萨姆跑得快。3. 形容词、副词比较级的用法(1)A.比较级(含more多音节形容词或副词原级) than B 表示“A比B更”。注意：比较级前可用much, even, a little, far, a lot, a bit, still等词修饰，以加强语气。如：Tom did his homework much more carefully than Kate. 汤姆做作业比凯特认真得多。(2)A. less 多音节形容词或副词原级 than B 表示“A不及B
16、”。如：The film is less interesting than the book. 这部电影不及这本书有趣。(3)比较级 and 比较级/more and more多音节形容词或副词原级 表示“越来越”。如：That girl is becoming more and more beautiful. 那个女孩儿变得越来越漂亮。(4)the比较级， the 比较级表示“越，越”。如：The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。(5)Which/Who is 比较级， A or B?
17、 表示“哪一个更”，主要是在两者之间进行比较。如：Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth? 月亮和地球，哪个离太阳更近一些？(6)A.the 比较级of the two.表示“两者中较的”。如：He is the thinner of the two. 两个人当中，他更瘦一些。(7)倍数的表达A. 倍数比较级than B 如：This room is five times bigger than that one. 这间房比那间大五倍。A.倍数as原级as B如：This room is five times as big as th
18、at one. 这间房是那间的五倍大。4. 形容词、副词最高级的用法(1)“主语谓语the最高级(单数名词) in/of短语”表示“在(三者或三者以上)中是最的”。如：This picture is the best of all. 这幅画是所有画中最好的。(2)“主语谓语one of the 最高级(复数名词) in/of短语”表示“是最之一”。如：Miss Xu is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 许老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。(3)“Which/Who is the 最高级，A, B or C？”用于对三者或三者以上
19、的人或物进行比较。如：Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 汤姆、凯特和比尔谁最高？(4)形容词最高级前面可加序数词，表示“第几最”。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。易错提醒比较级和最高级之间可以相互转换。如：Sam is the tallest student in his class. 萨姆是他班级里最高的学生。 Sam is taller than any other student in his class. Sam is taller than
20、 the other/any of the other/the rest of students in his class. Sam is taller than anyone else in his class. No one is taller than Sam in his class.()11. (2018广东)What do you think of the movie Operation Red Sea?Wonderful. Ive never seen a movie_than it.Amore excitedBmore excitingCmost excitedDmost ex
21、citing()12. (2017广东)It is believed that playing computer games too much does _ harm than good.Amany BmuchCmore Dmost BC()13. (2016广东)Among the four seas off the coast of China, East China Sea is the second _.AdeepBdeeperCdeepestDthe deepest()14. (2015广东)Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project.
22、Im sure he can do the work with _ money and _ people.Aless; lessBfewer; moreCmore; fewer Dless; fewer CD()15. (2014广东) Ive heard that Zhuhai Chimelong Ocean Kingdom is one of _ ocean parks in Asia.Avery largeBthe largerCmuch largerDthe largest()16. (2013广东)What do you think of the film So Young dire
23、cted by Zhao Wei?Wonderful. I think its _than the other films about youth in recent years.Athe bestBthe worstCmuch better Dmuch worseDC()17. (2012广东)Eighteen kids died in the school bus accident in Gansu Province. Its _ one that I have ever heard of.Aa very seriousBa more seriousCthe most serious Dt
24、he least serious()18. (2011广东)Steve is good at writing short stories. So he is. But he writes _ than us. So he cant get good grades in writing.Amost carefullyBmore carefullyCless carefullyDleast carefullyCC()19. (2018汕头市龙湖区模拟)Mrs.Fang kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting.AheavyBhe
25、avierCthe heavierDthe heaviest()20. We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen _ we speak.Aas twice much as Btwice as much asCas much as twice Das much twice asBB广东近6年中考对形容词和副词的混合辨析在2015年和2018年的单项填空中考查了两次。选项由两个不同的形容词及副词形式构成，副词一般是在词尾加ly构成。考生在解答此类题时，首先要根据空处所修饰的成分来判断出是用形容词还是副词。1用形容词的情况：空处如果修饰
26、名词，或者空处前是系动词或感官动词时，则需要用形容词。2用副词的情况：空处如果修饰动词、形容词或副词，则需要用副词。考点 形容词、副词的混合辨析(6年2考)1常见的形容词及其副词形式如下表：形容词词义副词词义形容词词义副词词义great非常好的；大量的greatly非常；很real真的really真正地；确实good好的well好地easy简单的easily简单地serious严肃的seriously严肃地careful 仔细的carefully仔细地careless粗心的carelessly粗心地quick快的quickly快地strong强大的strongly强大地simple 简单的si
27、mply简单地；仅仅2. 有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加ly，意义会不同。如下表：词汇词性词义词汇词性词义hard adj.& adv. 努力的(地)hardly adv.几乎不mostadj.& adv.最的(地)mostlyadv.主要地lateadj.& adv.晚的(地)；迟的(地)latelyadv.近来highadj.& adv.高的(地)highlyadv.高度地freeadj.& adv.免费的(地)freelyadv.自由地near adj.& adv.邻近的(地)nearly adv. 几乎/将近()21. (2018广东)My gr
28、andpa practices playing the guitar_ in the university for the elderly every day.Cool！Its never too old to learn.AhardBhardlyCgreatDgreatlyA ()22. (2015广东)The final exam is very important. We must treat it_.Aserious BseriouslyCcareless Dcarelessly()23. (2018东莞市模拟)Its late! I must eat my breakfast _，
29、because the school bus is coming.AquickBquicklyCslowDslowlyBB在广东近6年中考短文填空题型中，形容词、副词的盲填为必考点。形容词主要考查原级(6年4考)；副词主要考查原级(6年6考)。1如何判断空处应用形容词：(详见主书P52)2如何判断空处应用副词：(详见主书P52)3如何判断空处应用比较等级：(1)如果空前有much，even，far等比较级的标志词时，应用比较级；(2)形容词、副词的比较等级的用法(详见主书P53)考点 形容词和副词的盲填(6年6考)注意结合语境，形容词和副词的比较级有时也可以表示最高级含义。()24. How
30、beautifully she sings! Ive never heard a _ voice.AbetterBbestCgoodDworse易错盘点易错点 形容词、副词的比较级表最高级A ()25. Do you like eating fish, Rose?Of course. Nothing is _， I think.AdeliciousBmuch deliciousCmore delicious Dthe most deliciousC 多个形容词修饰同一个名词时的顺序规则：大小形状和新老，颜色国籍出(处)材料。即先后顺序为：一般性描绘形容词大小、长短、形状年龄、新旧颜色国籍、出处
31、材料最终修饰的名词。()26. This is _ bridge.Athe first beautiful little white Chinese Bthe first white beautiful little Chinese Cthe first little beautiful Chinese white Dthe first little Chinese white beautiful易错点 多个形容词修饰同一个名词时的位置顺序 A 注意原级的使用规则以及使用比较等级时形容词、副词的变化规则及其用法。()27. Tom isnt _ Lucy. He always makes mi
32、stakes in his homework.Aso carefully as Bso careful as Cas careful soDso careful so 易错点 形容词、副词表比较等级时的混用B ()28. Of all the subjects, English is _ for me.AinterestingBmore interestingCthe most interestingDmuch more interesting()29. I am quite upset today.Cheer up! The more you smile, the _ you will fe
33、el.AhappyBhappierChappilyDmore happilyCB形容词和副词的比较等级是中考的常考点。考生做题时，要注意：1.判断是哪一种句型；2.根据句意判断；3根据句中的一些修饰语判断。例1Its hard to hold back my tears. This is _ thing Ive ever heard of.AsadBsadderCsaddestDthe saddest解题技巧技巧等级分析法D方法点拨句意：忍住眼泪很难。这是我听过的最悲伤的事情。根据空后的定语从句句型和句意可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。故选D。例2Nowadays people wish to have _food than before as their life improves.AhealthyBhealthierChealthiestDthe healthiest B方法点拨句意：如今因为生活条件的改善，人们希望比之前吃更健康的食物。结合句意及句中关键词“than”可知应用形容词的比较级形式。故选B。谢谢观看谢谢观看ExitExit
