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1、第七章 白细胞分化抗原和黏附分子第一节人白细胞分化抗原第一节人白细胞分化抗原免疫细胞表面功能分子免疫细胞表面功能分子受体受体MHC分子分子协同刺激分子协同刺激分子黏附分子等黏附分子等人白细胞分化抗原的概念人白细胞分化抗原的概念 1、白细胞分化抗原：血细胞在分化成熟为不、白细胞分化抗原：血细胞在分化成熟为不同谱系、分化不同阶段及细胞活化过程中，出同谱系、分化不同阶段及细胞活化过程中，出现或消失的细胞现或消失的细胞表面标记分子表面标记分子。 2、CD：应用单克隆抗体鉴定为主的方法，：应用单克隆抗体鉴定为主的方法，将来自不同实验室的单克隆抗体所识别的同一将来自不同实验室的单克隆抗体所识别的同一分化抗
2、原称分化抗原称CD（cluster of differentiation）已经已经命名的有命名的有CD1CD350是众多介导细胞间或细胞与细胞外基质是众多介导细胞间或细胞与细胞外基质间相互接触和结合分子的统称间相互接触和结合分子的统称黏附分子以黏附分子以受体受体-配体配体结合的形式发挥作结合的形式发挥作用，参与细胞的识别、活化和信号转导、用，参与细胞的识别、活化和信号转导、增殖和分化、伸展与移动增殖和分化、伸展与移动.第二节第二节 黏附分子黏附分子CAM按其结构特点：按其结构特点：整合素家族（integrin family）选择素家族（selectin family）免疫球蛋白超家族 （imm
3、unoglobulin superfamily）免疫细胞识别中的辅助受体和协同刺激信号免疫细胞识别中的辅助受体和协同刺激信号炎症过程中白细胞与血管内皮细胞黏附炎症过程中白细胞与血管内皮细胞黏附淋巴细胞归巢淋巴细胞归巢黏附分子的功能黏附分子的功能阐明发病机制在疾病诊断中的应用在疾病预防和治疗中的应用第三节第三节 CD和黏附分子及其单克隆和黏附分子及其单克隆抗体的临床应用抗体的临床应用All three known members of the selectin family (L-, E-, and P-selectin) share a similar cassette structure:
4、an N-terminal, calcium-dependent lectin domain, an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain, a variable number of consensus repeat units (2, 6, and 9 for L-, E-, and P-selectin, respectively), a transmembrane domain (TM) and an intracellular cytoplasmic tail (cyto). The transmembrane and cytoplasmi
5、c parts are not conserved across the selectins being responsible for their targeting to different compartments.4 Though they share common elements, their tissue distribution and binding kinetics are quite different, reflecting their divergent roles in various pathophysiological processes.5L-selectin
6、 is the smallest of the vascular selectins, expressed on all granulocytes and monocytes and on most lymphocytes, can be found in most leukocytes. P-selectin, the largest selectin, is stored in -granules of platelets and in WeibelPalade bodies of endothelial cells, and is translocated to the cell sur
7、face of activated endothelial cells and platelets. E-selectin is not expressed under baseline conditions, except in skin microvessels, but is rapidly induced by inflammatory cytokines.The term Lewis in its name comes from the name of a family of people who suffered from a red blood cell incompatibil
8、ity. The studies done on these individuals red blood cells led to the discovery of sialyl lewis x. Sialyl lewis x is a very important red blood cell antigen present on the glycolipids on the plasma membrane of the cell.a tetrasaccharide carbohydrate that is usually attached to O-glycans on the surface of cells.
