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1、环境健康安全风险评环境健康安全风险评估估lRisk Management entails:1.Risk assessment of any work activity or trade;2.Control and monitoring of such risks and3.Communicating these risks to all persons involved.Risk assessment - an integral part of risk management. It is the process of:Identifying and analysing safety and
2、health hazards associated with work;Assessing the risks involved andPrioritising measures to control the hazards and reduce the risks.Communication of the hazards to employees Training, Certification, Safe Working ProcedureEvery workplace, including factories, should conduct risk assessments for all
3、 routine and non-routine work undertaken.2Risk Management vs. Risk AssessmentRisk RankingSensitivity AnalysisRiskConsequenceFrequencyHazard IdentificationRisk AssessmentCost Benefit AnalysisRisk Acceptance TolerabilityRisk AnalysisRisk ManagementRisk Management3What is the purpose of a Risk Assessme
4、nt?When should you do a Risk Assessment?Who performs a Risk Assessment?What are the basic step to perform a Risk Assessment? Risk Assessment Questions4Risk Assessment is the process of identifying and evaluating hazards and implementing control measures to eliminate or reduce the potential for loss
5、to: PersonnelEquipmentPropertyEnvironmentRisk Assessment - Definitions5lRisk a combination of the likelihood (probability) and consequences (severity) of a specified hazardous event occurringEach hazard is evaluated in terms of risk (Probability X Consequence = Risk)Risk Assessment - DefinitionsProb
6、ability the likelihood that the potential harm or loss will occur (frequency) Consequence the outcome of exposure to an identified hazard (severity)7/30/20246Hazard an activity, situation, or condition that has the potential for harm in terms of:Risk Assessment - DefinitionsInjuryIllnessDamage to pr
7、opertyDamage to the environmentThere are at least 14 categories of hazards. Try to write down 5 of them on your list71.SLIPS, TRIPS OR FALLS at the same level2.SLIPS, TRIPS OR FALLS at height3.STRUCK BY falling, flying, moving objects4.STRUCK AGAINST bumping into, stepping, falling against5.CAUGHT I
8、N, UNDER, BETWEEN, AGAINST moving machinery/objects, collapsing structure6.OVER EXERTION lifting/pulling/pushing objects7.EXPOSURE TO TEMPERATURE EXTREMES heat/cold, objects or substancesHazard Categories7/30/202488.EXPOSURE TO HARMFUL SUBSTANCES Dust, chemicals, fumes, radiation, noise any route in
9、to the body9.CONTACT WITH ELECRICITY10.VEHICLE ACCIDENT11.PROCESS OR PRODUCTION UPSET Blowout, plant or equipment failure12.ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION Spill13.ERGONOMICS Visual Display units (VDU), and repetitive strain activities14.OTHER (SPECIFY) (Drowning, suffocating, etc.)Hazard Categories9Any
10、 hazards here?Hazard RecognitionWhat are the Risks?7/30/202410Risk Matrix7/30/202411Risk Matrix7/30/202412The Risk Assessment Form7/30/202413Existing/Potential Impacts1. Examine each step carefully.2. Identify the hazard(s) associated with each step. Decide who is at riskUse experience or historical
11、 informationDiscuss with involved employeesReview safety information (MSDS)3. Number the hazard list to correspond with your steps.7/30/202414Hazard Types7. Exposure to Temperature Extremes8. Exposure to Harmful Substances9. Contact with Electricity10. Vehicle Accident11. Process or Production Upset
12、12. Environment Contamination13. Ergonomics (VDUs)14. Other (Specify)1. Slips, Trips or Falls (at same level)2. Slips, Trips or Falls (at height)3. Struck By4. Struck Against5. Caught In, Under, Between or Against6. Over Exertion7/30/202415ConsequenceCatastrophic (Score of 5) a hazard that could rea
13、listically result in: Multiple fatalities Property or equipment damage in excess of $100,000 (U.S.)Environmentally damaging offsite spill, of reportable quantity, causing major public concern, possible offsite health riskMajor (Score of 4) a hazard that could realistically result in: A single fatali
14、ty or major injury Property or equipment damage in excess of $50,000-100,000 (U.S.) Explosions or fires requiring outside assistance, radiation releases Chronic spills, possible offsite, non-toxic 55 gal or reportable quantity of hazmat, acute health riskMinor (Score of 2) a hazard that could realis
15、tically result in: Injuries involving first aid Minor property or equipment damage $500-10,000 (U.S.) Minor onsite spill, non-toxic, 5-55 gal. . No/minimal foreseeable damage, $500 Negligible onsite spill, non-toxic, 55 gal. or non-reportable quantity of hazmat 7/30/202416FrequencyExtreme (Score of
16、5)Certain that harm will occur. Records or experience indicate daily to monthly occurrenceHigh (Score of 4)Near certain that harm will occur. Records or experience indicate monthly to quarterly occurrenceMedium (Score of 3)Harm will seldom occur. Records or experience indicate a yearly occurrenceLow
17、 (Score of 2)Harm will occur on very rare occasions. Records show occurrence at some timeImprobable (Score of 1)Harm is theoretically possible, but improbable. Records or experience indicate no previous occurrence7/30/202417Risk ScoreRisk = Consequence X FrequencyRisk = (1 to 5) X (1 to 5) If whole
18、numbers are used for scoring, then the following scores are possible:Low Risks -1, 2, 3, 4Medium Risks - 5, 6, 8, 9High Risks - 10, 12, 15,16, 20, 257/30/202418To Eliminate or Reduce The ScorelUse the first two columns as a guide.lList every action necessary to eliminate or minimize every hazard tha
19、t could lead to an accident, injury or occupational illness (all hazards should be reconciled).lNumber the actions to correspond with the steps and identified hazards.lBe specific. Say exactly what needs to be done to correct the hazard.7/30/202419Taking ActionAssess the RisklUse accepted method of
20、risk assessmentlTake the time necessaryAgreement and ApprovallReach group consensus on possible actionslLook at feasibility and appropriateness of the actionsCommunicatelFollow appropriate lines of communicationlShare what you learn so that others benefitlCommunicate with those who need to knowlempl
21、oyees in the workplaceltemporary or contract laborlothers affected by your operationslThose considering altering work processesMonitorlAssign the appropriate personnel to implement the actions.lSet target dates for completion of every action. lRecord the completion date as each is finished. lKeep re
22、cords of assessments and corresponding actions20Other Risk Assessment Supplements lJob Safety Analysis (Task Analysis)l5 X 5 TechniquelWorkplace Audits and InspectionslMaterial Safety Data SheetslIncident InvestigationslOutside sources lSimple Risk Assessment ToolRisk Assessment Tools7/30/202421lIde
23、ntifies the various steps involved in the joblWhere it is happening (environment)lWho or what it is happening to (exposure)lWhat precipitates the hazard (trigger)lWhat outcome would occur should it happen (consequence), andlAny other contributing factorslObserve the job being performedlEnsure the de
24、scriptions of each step are detailed and accurateJob Safety Analysis (JSA)7/30/202422lIdentify the hazards associated with each step (and ask)lWhat can go wrong?lWhat are the consequences?lHow could it arise?lWhat are other contributing factors?lHow likely is it that the hazard will occur?lIdentify
25、controls in place for each hazardlIdentify if additional controls are neededJob Safety Analysis (JSA)continuedcontinued7/30/202423lA risk assessment process employees can use when performing non-routine or unfamiliar tasks to insure it is completed in the safest manner possiblelTake 5 minutes and as
26、k yourself 5 questions1.Why am I doing it at all?2.What could go wrong?3.How could it affect me, or others?4.How likely is it to happen?5.What can I do about it?lReport to your supervisor if further analysis is neededFive X Five Technique7/30/202424Documented informal (individual) and structured (te
27、am) inspections are conducted periodically to identify deficiencies Workplace Audits or Inspections7/30/202425Target areas include: Workplace Audits or InspectionsCranes & HoistsForkliftsMachine GuardingPPELockout/TagoutCompressed Gas, Welding and Cutting EquipmentChemical / Flammable / Hazardous Ma
28、terial Storage & UsageFire ExtinguishersWalkwaysFlammable StorageExitsSafety EquipmentElectricalBarrel & Bulk StorageGeneral HousekeepingLaddersHand tools 7/30/202426Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)lMSDS A document issued by the manufacturer, distributor, or supplier of chemicals which provides in
29、formation about the properties of chemicals and the health, safety, and environmental issues related to their use.Each employee must be made aware of the hazards Each employee must be made aware of the hazards of chemicals used or stored in their worksiteof chemicals used or stored in their worksite
30、7/30/202427Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)lEmployees must know how and where to access information about the chemicals in their area (before being assigned work).lThe importance of evaluating chemical hazard risks cannot be underemphasized!lEach supervisor and employee has the responsibility of b
31、eing competent in the use of MSDS7/30/202428Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)lMSDS have the following information:Chemical Product & CompanyComposition / IngredientsHazards IdentificationFirst Aid MeasuresFire Fighting MeasuresAccidental Release MeasuresHandling and StorageExposure Controls / Perso
32、nal ProtectionPhysical & Chemical PropertiesStability & ReactivityToxicological InformationEcological InformationDisposal ConsiderationsTransport InformationRegulatory Information7/30/202429An objective, written, and team based investigation in which who, what, and why information is collected for t
33、he purpose of determining root cause and implementing corrective actions to prevent recurrenceIncident InvestigationsIncident - an undesirable event which could or does result in unintended harm or damage to:PeopleEquipmentProcessVehiclesProductsInformationEnvironmentCompany reputationThis includes
34、near misses7/30/202430lSome situations require experts from a particular field and / or specialized equipment to evaluate a risk(s)lIndustrial HygienistslStructural EngineerslCivil EngineerslMedical ProfessionalslEtcRisk Assessment Outside Sources7/30/202431A written, documented analysis of a partic
35、ular job in which the task is broken down into steps, and identifies:Simple Risk Assessment ToolJob StepsPotential impactsHazard types Uncontrolled Risk (Cons. X Prob. = Risk) Existing Risk ControlRecommended Risk ControlsResidual RiskResponsible PersonScheduled DateCompletion Date7/30/202432The Ris
36、k Assessment Team - Conducted by a team of persons who have a thorough knowledge of the work to be assessed. Team members should include management staff, process or facility engineers, technical personnel, supervisors, production operators, maintenance staff and safety personnel if available. The r
37、isk assessment team should also include contractor/supplier personnel who are involved with the work, whenever necessary. Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202433Steps in conducting Risk Assessment Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202434Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202435Simple Risk Assessment Tool7
38、/30/202436PREPARATION WORKPrior to conducting a risk assessment, the following information should be obtained as far as possible: Plant layout plan Process flowchart List of work activities and/or trades List of chemicals used List of machinery and tools used Records of past incidents and accidents
39、Relevant legislation Relevant codes of practice or specifications Inspection records Details of existing risk controls Health and safety audit reports Feedback from staff, clients, suppliers or other stakeholders Safe work procedures Other information such as MSDS, manufacturers instruction manual C
40、opies of any relevant previous risk assessmentsSimple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202437Step 1- HAZARD IDENTIFICATIONThe most important step in risk assessment because hazards can only be controlled if they are identified. Hazard Identification involves identifying the hazards associated with the activ
41、ity of each process and type of potential accidents or incidents. During this phase, the aim is to spot hazards, brainstorm on all the possible types of accidents and ill health that can happen due to the hazard, and identify the persons that can be victims of the accident or ill health.Workplace sa
42、fety and health hazards can be identified by considering:1.Method of work e.g. repeated tasks and unsafe work practices2.Electrical and mechanical hazards3.Manual material handling e.g. lifting, pulling and pushing4.Chemicals eg. corrosive substances5.Machinery or plant eg. unguarded machines6.Tempo
43、rary structure eg. scaffolds7.Environmental conditions, eg. slippery surfaces, lighting level, unstable soil conditions8.Layout and location of equipmentSimple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202438Possible types of accident or incident and ill health include:Persons-at-risk include:Simple Risk Assessment
44、Tool7/30/202439Step 2 - RISK EVALUATIONRisk evaluation consists of:1.Identifying the existing risk control measures;2.Assessing the potential severity of the hazards;3.Determining the likelihood of occurrence and4.Assessing the risk level based on the severity and likelihood.Risk evaluation is the p
45、rocess of estimating the risk levels for the hazards and their acceptability. This is used as a basis for prioritizing actions to control these hazards and minimize safety and health risks.Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202440Existing risk control The presence of existing control measures should fi
46、rst be identified for individual activity for each process. By considering the effectiveness of the existing controls and the consequences of their failure, the risk of the activity can be assessed. Examples of risk control measures include engineering controls, safe workprocedures and personal prot
47、ective equipment.Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202441Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202442Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202443Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202444Step 3 - RISK ControlSimple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202445Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202446Elimination or substitution Engine
48、ering controls Warnings Training and procedures Protective Equipment Substitute less hazardous materialReduce energy, speed, pressure, voltage, sound level, forceChange process to eliminate noisePerform task at ground levelAutomated material handlingVentilation systemsMachine guardingSound enclosure
49、sCircuit breakersPlatforms and guard railingLift tables, conveyors, balancersComputer warningsOdor in natural gasSignsBackup alarms on vehiclesBeeper or hornsLabelsProceduresRotation of workersEquipment inspectionsHazard communication trainingLockout/TagoutConfined space entrySafety glassesEar plugs
50、Goggles or faceshieldsSafety harnessesBack beltsSteel toed shoesExamplesRisk Assessment - Risk Control Hierarchy477/30/202448The control of hazards and reduction of risks can be accomplished by following the Hierarchy of Control measures below. These control measures are not usually mutually exclusi
51、ve e.g. engineering controls can be implemented together with administrative controls like training and safe work procedures.a) EliminationElimination of hazards refers to the total removal of the hazards and henceeffectively making all the identified possible accidents and ill health impossible.Thi
52、s is a permanent solution and should be attempted in the first instance. If the hazard is removed, all the other management controls, such as workplace monitoring and surveillance, training, safety auditing, and record keeping will no longer be required.ExampleLaser marking of semiconductors elimina
53、tes the use of solvent for ink marking. Laser cutting eliminates noise hazard from powered saws.7/30/202449b) SubstitutionThis involves replacing the hazard by one that presents a lower risk.Example. Asbestos can be substituted with non-asbestos materials. A water-based paint can be used instead of
54、a solvent-based paint.c) Engineering controlsEngineering controls are physical means that limit the hazard. These includestructural changes to the work environment or work processes, erecting a barrier to interrupt the transmission path between the worker and the hazard.ExampleIsolation or containme
55、nt of hazards, application of machine guards and manual handling devices.7/30/202450d) Administrative controlsThese reduce or eliminate exposure to a hazard by adherence to procedures orinstructions. Documentation should emphasize all the steps to be taken and thecontrols to be used in carrying out
56、the activity safely.Examples Implementation of permit-to-work systems and scheduling of incompatible works;OSH training.e) Personal protective equipmentThis should be used only as a last resort, after all other control measures have been considered, or as a short term contingency during maintenance
57、/ repair or as an additional protective measure.The success of this control is dependent on the protective equipment being chosencorrectly, as well as fitted correctly and worn at all times when required byemployees.7/30/202451Residual RisksThe risk assessment team should ensure that the risk assess
58、ment is conducted properly, and that any residual risks are acceptable and manageable. Residual risks are the remaining risks for which the planned risk controls are not able to effectively remove or control. The risk assessment team should also highlight the residual risks of each of the controls.F
59、or example, if the risk control involves the use of fall arrest harness and lanyards (a type of personal protective equipment), then one of the residual risks is that the workers may not hook up the lanyards to protect themselves. In this case, the risk assessment team may highlight training (admini
60、strative control) as a further measure to ensure that residual risk is further minimized.Once all the risk controls are selected and their residual risks highlighted, the risk assessment team needs to identify the action officers and follow-up dates. In this way, the specific action officers to impl
61、ement the controls can be clearly identified, and the follow-up dates will help to ensure timeliness in implementation.Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202452IMPLEMENTATION AND REVIEWThe results of risk assessment must be approved and endorsed by the top management. The employer should as far as is p
62、racticable, implement the recommended risk control measures as soon as possible. An action plan should be prepared to implement the measures. The plan should include a time line of implementation and responsibilities of persons implementing the workplace safety and health measures. The plan should b
63、e monitored regularly until all the measures are implemented.Regular review of the risk assessment plan is critical. While employers are required to review their plans yearly, a review should take place whenever: 1.Whenever new information on safety and health risks surfaces;2.There are changes to t
64、he area of work and / or 3.After any accident or serious incident.The risk assessment team should undertake the same three steps (hazard identification, risk evaluation and risk control) when conducting a risk assessment review.Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202453Spray Painting/ Workshop- Moving m
65、etal drums to spray booth- Preparing and mixing paint- Carrying out spray paintingPaper Slitting/ Cutting Department2- Loading the machine with paper roll- Operating the machine- Unloading slit papers- Repair and maintenance of the machineSimple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202454Simple Risk Assessment
66、Tool7/30/202455Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202456Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202457Simple Risk Assessment Tool7/30/202458Risk Assessment FocusIncident Investigation FocusRisk Assessment vs. Incident Investigation Focus7/30/202459Ten Steps to Effective Risk Assessment1.Make sure the process i
67、s practical and realistic2.Involve as many people as possible3.Use a systematic approach4.Look at the big picture5.Start by identifying the hazard7/30/202460Ten Steps to Effective Risk Assessment6.Assess the risks from those hazards7. Be realistic; include non-routine operations8. Identify who is at
68、 risk; include all workers, visitors, contractors and the public9. Start with the simple methods10. Always record the assessment in writing, including all assumptions you make7/30/202461Arising from the risk assessment, safe work procedures for work which may pose safety and health risks should be e
69、stablished and implemented. The safe work procedures should include the safety precautions to be taken in the course of work and during an emergency, as well as the provision of personal protective equipment.7/30/202462ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS & IMPACTS ASSESSMENT7/30/202463LEARNING OBJECTIVESUpon Comp
70、letion of this Training, you will be able to:lDefine Environmental Aspects and Impacts and Give Examples of BothlDescribe What ISO 14001 Requires with Respect to Environmental AspectslIdentify Environmental Aspects Associated with your Organizations Activities, Products and ServiceslEvaluate and Pri
71、oritize your Environmental Aspects7/30/202464WHAT IS AN ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT?lISO 14001 Defines Environmental Aspect aslAspects can be further defined as:lControlledlInfluencedlSignificantlNon-significantlPositiveelement of an organizations activities, products or services that can interact with the
72、 environment 7/30/202465TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTSlEnvironmental Aspects Include:lAir emissionslWaste generation and managementlReleases to waterlContamination of landlConsumption of energy and natural resources (e.g., water, coal, natural gas, fuel oil, etc.)lLocal and community issues (noise,
73、odors, aesthetic conditions)7/30/202466WHAT CAUSES ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS?lEnvironmental Aspects are the unwanted byproducts/unintended consequences of an organizations Activities, Products and Services7/30/202467WHAT IS AN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT?lISO 14001 Defines Environmental Impact as:lEnvironmenta
74、l Impacts are the effects of your Environmental Aspectsany change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organizations environmental activities, products or services7/30/202468EXAMPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSlEnvironmental Impacts can Include:lLocal
75、 air pollutionlGlobal air pollutionlAdverse impact to employee healthlDegradation of local water qualitylDepletion of natural resourceslImpairment of propertylDegradation of flora and faunalNoise pollution7/30/202469HOW DO ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS AND SERVICES, ASPECTS AND IMPACTS RELATE?ACTIVITIES, PRO
76、DUCTS AND SERVICESENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTSENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS7/30/202470WHAT DOES ISO 14001 REQUIRE?ISO 14001 Requires that you:lEstablish and maintain a procedure for identifying environmental aspects, which:lYou can controllOver which you can be expected to exert influencelDetermine which aspects d
77、o/may have a significant impact on the environmentlConsider “significant aspects” when setting objectives and targetslKeep your aspects current7/30/202471STOP AND REVIEW!lEnvironmental Aspects:lAre the means in which your organization interacts with the environmentlCan be:lControlled or influencedlA
78、dverse or positivelSignificant or non-significantlStem from your organizations activities, products and serviceslDo/can result in Environmental ImpactslISO 14001 requires that you identify, evaluate and manage significant environmental aspects7/30/202472USE THE 5-STEP ASPECTS PROCESS MODELStep 2Iden
79、tify yourEnvironmental AspectsStep 3Evaluate yourEnvironmental AspectsStep 4Prioritize yourEnvironmental AspectsStep 5Update yourEnvironmental AspectsStep 1Identify your Activities,Products and Services5-STEPASPECTSPROCESSMODEL7/30/202473STEP 1 IDENTIFY ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS AND SERVICESlDetermine th
80、e scope of your evaluation (directly controlled versus influenced)lCompile an inventory of your organizations activities, products and services that can interact with the environmentlConsiderlManufacturing processes (e.g., calcination, precipitation)lProductslInternal support services (e.g., mainten
81、ance, WWTP)lServices provided (e.g., transportation)lContract services procured (e.g., asbestos removal)lLegacy issues (e.g., contamination, ongoing remediation)7/30/202474STEP 2 IDENTIFY ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTSlSelect the categories of environmental aspects that you will identify (e.g., air, water, w
82、aste, etc.)lDetermine the level at which aspects will be identified (site, department, area) lReview the inputs and outputs associated with each identified activity, product or service to identify the environmental aspects REMEMBER ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS ARE THOSE ELEMENTS THAT CAN IMPACT THE ENVIRON
83、MENT, INCLUDING HUMAN (WORKER) HEALTH7/30/202475STEP 2 IDENTIFY ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTSlExamples of input aspects include: energy consumption, water consumption, etc.lExamples of output aspects include: air emissions, waste streams, water discharges, chemical releases, etc.lA process model can be an e
84、ffective means to accomplish the inputs-outputs analysislCompile your identified aspects into an inventory7/30/202476LocationDepartmentProcessEquipment IDChemical ReleaseWaste GenerationAir EmissionsWater DischargesLand Mgmt. (contamination)Toxic Substances (worker exposure, product use)LaborRaw Mat
85、lsEnergyWaterProduct OutputLocation Mgmt. (odors, noise,aesthetics)Environmental OutputsInputsRecyclablesACTIVITY, PRODUCTOR SERVICE7/30/202477STEP 3 EVALUATE ASPECTSlThe next step is evaluating and prioritizing aspects based on their actual or potential environmental impactlThis can be accomplished
86、 through “instincts”, risk matrices, etc.lThe key is to define what key items to consider in evaluating aspects and factor them into the decision processlThe result are your Significant Aspects7/30/202478STEP 3 EVALUATE ASPECTSl“Impact Factors” that many companies consider include:lSeverity of envir
87、onmental impactlLikelihood of environmental impactlPotential for employee exposurelPotential LiabilitylLegal ConcernslEtc.7/30/202479STEP 3 EVALUATE ASPECTSlOnce you have identified, inventoried and evaluated your aspects, you can assign significancelAspects that do or may have a significant environ
88、mental impact, based on your impact factors should be considered significantlAspects that do not have a significant environmental impact are not significantlOnce again, some companies set numerical thresholds, some companies use their instincts7/30/202480STEP 4 PRIORITIZE ASPECTSlSignificant aspects
89、 should be prioritizedlPriorities can be assigned based on:lImpact scoringlRisklTechnological, operational and financial limitationslCommunity good willlEtc.7/30/202481STEP 5 UPDATE ASPECTSlUpdate your aspectslIntegrate aspects identification/evaluation into new process/chemical reviewslUpdate aspec
90、ts periodically to reflect site changeslReview aspects at least annually to ensure that your results continue to reflect site conditions7/30/202482A Sample Aspect and Impact Assessment FormatThe Important “Step 1” Prepare the Process Flow of all activities taking into account input of material and o
91、utput that associate with environmental aspect. Output (environmental aspects) shall be considered under:Normal condition: Operations are performed in accordance to plan or within the operation conditions.Abnormal condition: When there is deviation from plan or operating conditions.Emergency conditi
92、on: Unusual conditions and hazardous situation which if not corrected or prevented could lead to significant environment impacts. Emergencies may result from natural or human causes.7/30/202483A Sample Aspect and Impact Assessment FormatMouldingSecond OperationVisual SystemPackingRobot setup and bal
93、l bearing top upOperating Condition (Normal, Abnormal or Emergency)NElectricity consumptionNIPA consumptionNJW2003 part cleaner consumptionEDisposal of contaminated rags/wipers/ spill kit used to clean up spillageEPotential Fire OutbreakNThinner consumptionNGrease consumptionNDisposal of contaminate
94、d rags/clothAIPA leakageADisposal of cloth/spill kit used to clean up leakageEPotential fire outbreak7/30/202484A Sample Aspect and Impact Assessment FormatThe environmental impact(s) arising from each of the aspect is determined based on (but not limited to) the following categories: Air pollutionW
95、ater pollutionLand pollutionResources depletionNoise pollutionGlobal warmingEnvironmental ImpactsExisting Control (If Any)Depletion of natural resourcesSwitch off when not in use, EMPDepletion of natural resources-Global warmingInstallation of ventilation fans to cool down production areaNoise pollu
96、tionAnnual boundary noise monitoringLand / water pollutionPoured into Used IPA waste container7/30/202485A Sample Aspect and Impact Assessment FormatFrequency of occurrenceRatingHigh occurrence or daily3Moderate occurrence or weekly2Low occurrence or monthly or less1Detectability / ControllabilityRa
97、tingHard to detect or controlled by current process control3Moderate to detect or controlled by current process control2Easily detected or controlled by current process control17/30/202486A Sample Aspect and Impact Assessment FormatSeverity of Impact RatingImpact TypeVery Severe Impact (Rating 3)Mod
98、erate Severity Impact (Rating 2)Minor Impact (Rating 1)Air PollutionHigh severity and continuous pollution that causes much damage to the air quality/ozone layer and require great effort to correct or recoverModerate severity and intermittent pollution that may cause short or long term moderate adve
99、rse impact on the air quality/ozone layerMinor or insignificant effect on the air quality/ozone layer that may cause at most slight discomfortWater PollutionHigh severity and continuous pollution that causes much damage to the water quality and require great effort to correct or recoverModerate seve
100、rity and intermittent pollution that may cause short or long term moderate adverse impact on the water qualityMinor or insignificant effect on the water qualityLand PollutionHigh severity and continuous pollution that causes much damage to the land or soil quality and require great effort to correct
101、 or recoverModerate severity and intermittent pollution that may cause short or long term moderate adverse impact on the land or soil qualityMinor or insignificant effect on the land or soil qualityResources DepletionNon-renewable or very hard to replace caused by high volume of usageRenewable but t
102、akes some time to replace due to moderate volume of usageEasily replacable resources, easily recycled, reused, low volume of usageNoise PollutionVery loud noise and continuous pollution that exceed the maximum permissible level. May cause permanent deafness.Loud noise and intermittent pollution near
103、 the permissible level. Low noise levelGlobal WarmingHigh emission of Carbon Dioxide contributing significantly to global warming or emission of heat to the level of more than 20CModerate emission of carbon dioxide or heat which increase surrounding temperature by 10C to 20CLow emission of carbon di
104、oxide or heat which increase surrounding temperature by 10C7/30/202487A Sample Aspect and Impact Assessment FormatSeverity x Frequency x Detection/Controllability Risk Priority Number (RPN) score of 8 or more denote significant environmental aspect & impact. If there are any legal regulations govern
105、ing the environmental aspect & impact, it automatically becomes significant. Objectives and Target Setting should be prioritized for those Significant Aspects with Management Program implemention to reduce those Impacts to the environment. 7/30/202488A Sample Aspect and Impact Assessment FormatFormulating of the Significant Aspects and Impacts RegisterAn example from SG7/30/202489Practice Make PerfectlWrite down the work processes in your Department/ ArealUse one process you identify and conduct the Risk Assessment and Environmental Aspect and Impact AssessmentlWe will discuss7/30/202490
