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1、大学英语四级段落翻译大学英语四级段落翻译背景介绍背景介绍 (Background Information) 人类用餐时的餐具，东、西方国家有很大差异，西方多用叉和勺，而东方人多用筷子。特别是中国人，对筷子更不陌生，因为它是中国人发明的一种非常有特色的夹取食物的用具，在世界各国的餐具中独具风采，被誉为中华文明的精华。本篇介绍了“筷子” 这一名称的来历、筷子用材的种类等。 The Chinese term for chopsticks during this period was zhu, a character whose sound was homonymous with anthor wor
2、d meaning to stop. Since the character was taboo on ships, which were not supposed to step en route, it was changed to kuai, a word homonymous with another word meaning quick. Then, another character zi was added as sort of suffix, as occurs with the names of many common objects in the kitchen, such
3、 as beizi(cup), panzi(plate),guozi(pot), zhuozi(table),etc.Chopsticks, which are roughly uniform in size throughout China, can be made of a variety of materials, including bamboo, wood, lacquer, jade, ivory, plastic, aluminum, silver and gold. Special long bamboo chopsticks are generally used in the
4、 kitchen. In the past, wooden chopsticks inlaid with silver thread were used to test whether poison was put in a meal, since silver reacts to a number of poisonous substances by changing its color. 拓展练习拓展练习1（Supplementary Practice）中国人使用筷子的方法很有艺术性，各人有各人的方法，就好像签名一样，不尽一致。中国人一般都能所心所欲地用筷子夹起一粒米、一粒豌豆、一只滑溜溜
5、的蘑菇或海参。对于那些用餐时只会使用刀叉的西方人来说，掌握用筷的方法和技巧开始时难度也许很大，也很有趣，需要很大的耐心，需要用心练习。如果他们希望享用一顿真正的中餐的话，那么花时间耐心学习用筷技艺不仅很有必要，而且也很有收益。 参考译文参考译文(Referential Translation)The way Chinese handle our chopsticks is quite artistic and varied from person to person like ones signature. An average Chinese can very easily pick up
6、a single tiny grain of rice, or a tiny piece of peas, or a slippery button mushroom or sea cucumber. For those Westerners who use only forks and knives for their meals, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging, and amusing, at the beginning. A lot of patienc
7、e and concentrated practice is required. This is not only very necessary and but also very rewarding if they wish to enjoy a real Chinese dinner.拓展练习拓展练习2（Supplementary Practice）在中国，餐桌上放一把刀是极其少见的现象。在许多人看来，刀会使人联想到虎视眈眈、咄咄逼人的武器，因而不可在友好温暖的餐桌上占有一席之地。根据中国的传统习俗，所有切割操作以及其他劳作都应该在厨房内进行。这样所有出现在餐桌上的食物都可一口送入口中，但
8、是整鱼、整鸡、整头乳猪除外。这些菜经过一番烹调，可以用筷子夹开取用，因而也无需借助刀子切割。 参考译文参考译文(Referential Translation)In China, it is quite rare for a knife to appear on the table. For many people, a knife is associative with a menacing weapon that should not find itself landing on a friendly, warm dinner table. It is also a Chinese cus
9、tom for all chopping and other manual labor to be performed behind the kitchen door. Thus, all food which appears on the table is bit-sized or smaller, with the exception of entire fish, chickens, or suckling pigs, which are cooked in such a way that they can be served and eaten with chopsticks, and therefore theres no need for a knife to appear on the table.结束语结束语谢谢大家聆听！谢谢大家聆听！16
