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1、进入夏天，少不了一个热字当头，电扇空调陆续登场，每逢此时，总会想起进入夏天，少不了一个热字当头，电扇空调陆续登场，每逢此时，总会想起那一把蒲扇。蒲扇，是记忆中的农村，夏季经常用的一件物品。记忆中的故那一把蒲扇。蒲扇，是记忆中的农村，夏季经常用的一件物品。记忆中的故乡，每逢进入夏天，集市上最常见的便是蒲扇、凉席，不论男女老少，个个手持乡，每逢进入夏天，集市上最常见的便是蒲扇、凉席，不论男女老少，个个手持一把，忽闪忽闪个不停，嘴里叨叨着一把，忽闪忽闪个不停，嘴里叨叨着“怎么这么热怎么这么热”，于是三五成群，聚在大树，于是三五成群，聚在大树下，或站着，或随即坐在石头上，手持那把扇子，边唠嗑边乘凉。孩
2、子们却在周下，或站着，或随即坐在石头上，手持那把扇子，边唠嗑边乘凉。孩子们却在周围跑跑跳跳，热得满头大汗，不时听到围跑跑跳跳，热得满头大汗，不时听到“强子，别跑了，快来我给你扇扇强子，别跑了，快来我给你扇扇”。孩。孩子们才不听这一套，跑个没完，直到累气喘吁吁，这才一跑一踮地围过了，这时子们才不听这一套，跑个没完，直到累气喘吁吁，这才一跑一踮地围过了，这时母亲总是，好似生气的样子，边扇边训，母亲总是，好似生气的样子，边扇边训，“你看热的，跑什么？你看热的，跑什么？”此时这把蒲扇，此时这把蒲扇，是那么凉快，那么的温馨幸福，有母亲的味道！蒲扇是中国传统工艺品，在是那么凉快，那么的温馨幸福，有母亲的味
3、道！蒲扇是中国传统工艺品，在我国已有三千年多年的历史。取材于棕榈树，制作简单，方便携带，且蒲扇的表我国已有三千年多年的历史。取材于棕榈树，制作简单，方便携带，且蒲扇的表面光滑，因而，古人常会在上面作画。古有棕扇、葵扇、蒲扇、蕉扇诸名，实即面光滑，因而，古人常会在上面作画。古有棕扇、葵扇、蒲扇、蕉扇诸名，实即今日的蒲扇，江浙称之为芭蕉扇。六七十年代，人们最常用的就是这种，似圆非今日的蒲扇，江浙称之为芭蕉扇。六七十年代，人们最常用的就是这种，似圆非圆，轻巧又便宜的蒲扇。蒲扇流传至今，我的记忆中，它跨越了半个世纪，圆，轻巧又便宜的蒲扇。蒲扇流传至今，我的记忆中，它跨越了半个世纪，也走过了我们的半个人
4、生的轨迹，携带着特有的念想，一年年，一天天，流向长也走过了我们的半个人生的轨迹，携带着特有的念想，一年年，一天天，流向长长的时间隧道，袅长的时间隧道，袅微软-培训师内训资料We Present Every Day!Not just conference talks.Product group meetingsBillG / TAB meetingsPreamble to a demoConvince a product group to be interestedPresent patent to a lawyerPresent a group result at offsite“Elevat
5、or” talksVerbal SkillsSpeaking is not like writing!Use simple words.Dont use complex sentences.Can you understand this: Dont use ambiguous words in speech.Vocal SkillsProject & resonate your voice.No “UM”s and “ER”s. (Pause instead).Silence is a tool (To draw attention).Vocal SkillsPlay your voice w
6、ith pitch and tempo.To amplify a point, slow down, speak loudly, exaggerate inotation, pause in the right places.“You are right. I am wrong” Stalin to Trotsky“Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country”- John F. KennedyBAD EXAMPLE : “I welcome this kind of examina
7、tion, because people have to know whether their president is a crook. Well, Im not a crook.”- Richard M. NixonDont use it everywhere!Vocal Skills : Same message; many ways to deiverJohn Kennedy:“You need to contribute to your country”“Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for
8、 your country”.Quayle vs. Benson Debate:Quayle: I have as much experience in the Congress as Jack Kennedy did when he sought the presidency. Answer1: “Jack Kennedy is better than you.” Answer2: Senator, I served with Jack Kennedy. I knew Jack Kennedy. Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine. Senator, your
9、e no Jack Kennedy.“Vocal Skills : EnthusiasmPassion & Enthusiasm!If youre not passionate, why should we care?Example: Martin Luther KingI have a dream.That one dayThis nation will rise upLive up to the true meaning to its creed:We hold these truths to be self-evidentThat all men are created equal. V
10、isual SkillsVisual Skills THE most importantAppear trustworthy & respectful.US Election 1960 was won on visual skills.Components of Visual SkillsEyesBodyHandsFaceVisual Skills EyesLook forward at audience (trust)Dont shift eyeballs; dont look in corner.Dont look too much at computer screen or your n
11、otes.Look at peoples faces (not eyes)3-6 seconds per person.Shift randomly.Nod, smile, use facial expression.Visual Skills BodyStand up when talking.Walk around = informal.Dont:Rock, shake, lean too much.Visual Skills HandsGesture complements talk.Should come naturally, without thinking.Make sure th
12、ey match!Need to exaggerate a littleEspecially with large audience.Dont fidget or put in pocket.Videotape whole talk & watch.Visual Skills FaceShow emotion!Most of the time:“I care a lot about this.”“I really believe in this.”“I love my work.”Sometimes (in response to questions).“This is the most ou
13、trageous thing Ive ever heard.”“I will have nothing to do with this.”What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.Preparing the TalkAlways OVERPREPARE!Preparation includes:Researching the background.Organizing the t
14、alk.Writing the slides.Rehearsing the talk.Last minute things.Researching the BackgroundWhen youre invited, find out:How long is the talk?Whats the topic?(Say no if you dont care about the topic).Whos the audience.Once you say yes, you are COMMITTED to do a great job.Organizing the TalkYoure the sal
15、esman.First lesson for salesmen:“Tell them what youre going to say.Say it.Tell them what you said” Very similar to your paper!The Central Message (it)People will not remember everything.Have ONE clear walk-away message.What do you want people to remember in 3 months?The answer to the question: “How
16、was the talk?”Repeat it!The OpeningSay something provoking!Give a (very short) outline/overview.The SubstanceLogical.Convincing.Help them remember the message!Anticipate doubts & remove them.Smooth transitions Dont lose the audienceOK to re-order the sub-topics.Keep repeating the message!The EndingE
17、nd with a BANG!Repeat the message.Say thank you.Writing the Visuals (PowerPoint)Prepation (80% time)First prepare outline (recommend : Word).Then modify outline for:Logic onvincing, flow, transitions.Actual Slide Writing (20% time)Should come almost directly from the outline.Use of Visuals (PowerPoi
18、nt)Visuals only support your talk.Spend more time on your talk!Simple and clear1 idea; 3 sub-concepts; = 6 lines.Readable Big & color-coordinated.Dont read from the slides!What if Talk is ComplexDont lose people.Use grayed out outline.If idea is complex:Try really hard to avoid complex slides, butIf
19、 you must use it, use layers (prevent read-ahead & lack of focus).Remember to change slides for printing.Example.If you must use complex layersa good exampleContentServerProxyServerClients3. return content1. open connection & send requestContent re-authoringClient/UserprofilesAdaptationschemesNetwor
20、kmonitoringCaching &pre-fetchingmanagement2. retrieve content 2. retrieve content 3. retrieve network data, user/client profiles4. perform adaptation5. return content1. open connection & send requestUse of Demos / MultimediaKeeps the talk interesting.Dont overdo it.Should be tied to content.Ordering
21、 : 2,N, N-1, N-2,.3, 1 Rehearsing Your TalkRecord & listen to every talk at least twice!Record:Best : PowerPoint features.OK : Tape recorder.Must do sometime :VideoAsk experienced speaker to critique.Improve:Style, logic, timing per slide.Get the Timing Right!Running out of time is a disaster.Write
22、how much time should remain on each slide.After youre more experienced.No longer necessary to record.Every new talk still must be rehearsed.Bring notes if you arent confident.Just Before the Talk.Prepare something matching the occasion.Make sure youre not too tired:Get enough sleep the previous nigh
23、t.Drink 3 cups of coffee!What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.Delivering the TalkOvercoming language barrier.Overcoming nervousness. Art of Good Opening & ending.HumorAudience participationOvercoming Languag
24、e BarrierPerfect English not necessary.Know your limitations.Dont use fancy words, complex sentences.Dont take any chance of looking silly.OK to bring cheat notes!Outline & ScriptAlways make an outline.PowerPoint notes; Word Outline.Dont have to use it.It may be best to READ a speech.No excuse not t
25、o be fluent! (practice!)Dont stare at paper.(Memorize it if youre prefer).Overcoming Nervousness“Do the thing you fearand the death of fear is certain.”- Ralph Waldo EmersonHiding NervousnessIt is possible to hide nervousness!Dont let the shaking show!Make a fist; hold the lectern.Speak loudly.Take
26、a deep breath.Look at a friendly face.Look above peoples heads.Art of Good Opening & EndingOpeningSay something relevant to the occasion.Need to research background before the talk.Ending“If you remember only one thing from this talk, then you should remember XXX”.HumorGood humor:Respectful.Relevant
27、 (better yet: original).Short.Plan your jokes:Remember what worked.Use it again!HumorHow to tell a joke?Set up (people should know a joke is coming up).Pause after climax (punch line).Move on naturally if no reaction!Audience ParticipationBest way for people to remember!Ask audience a questionAntici
28、pate their answer(s)!Respond with something interesting AND relevant.Be YourselfLearn the skills; dont copy the styles.You must be yourself to be credible.Many styles could be effective:Bill Gates Brilliant technologistSteve Ballmer Powerful salesmanSteve Jobs Passionate evangelistWhat Youll Learn T
29、oday:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.Q&AQ&A is your chance to:Amplify your points.Increase your credibility.Dealing with QuestionsEasy QuestionsAmplify your points!Hard QuestionsNo need to answer directly.But dont hide!Narrow
30、 QuestionsTake offline.Q&A Giving A Good AnswerRespect the listenerRight body languageRepeat the questionComplete if people cannot hear.Paraphrase to help amplify your point.If people are too shy, you start!Dont argue or dismiss a question.21 Secrets#1 Anybody can learn to give a good talk.21 Secret
31、s#2 Dont give a talk unless youre passionate.21 Secrets#3 Use simple and clear words.21 Secrets#4 Play your voice to focus on key points.21 Secrets#5 Silence is a great tool.21 Secrets#6 Overprepare every talk.21 Secrets#7 Tell them what youre going to say.Say it.Tell them what you said.21 Secrets#8
32、 Have ONE clear central message for:the question “How was the talk”21 Secrets#9 Open your talk with something thought-provoking21 Secrets#10 Slides should be simple & clear.21 Secrets#11 Dont read from your slides.21 Secrets#12 Order your demos.21 Secrets#13 Rehearse & listen to each talkat least tw
33、ice!21 Secrets#14 Time your talk on every slide.21 Secrets#15 It may be OK to read from a script.21 Secrets#16 Stay awake!Drink 3 cups of coffee before your talk.21 Secrets#17 It is possible to hide nervousness.21 Secrets#18 Tailor your opening remarks to the occasion.21 Secrets#19 “If you only remember one thing fromthis talk, you should remember XXX”21 Secrets#20 Humor & Interactivity must berelevant and well-planned.21 Secrets#21 Q&A can help you more than the audience.ConclusionGiving a talk is easyIt just takes:A little passionA lot of practice!结束语结束语谢谢大家聆听！谢谢大家聆听！73
