《主谓一致讲解》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《主谓一致讲解（32页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、意义一致的原则意义一致的原则 （一）谓语动词为单数的情况（一）谓语动词为单数的情况（一）谓语动词为单数的情况（一）谓语动词为单数的情况 1.由由and 连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，连接的并列成分指的是同一概念， 兼具身份或匹配出现。兼具身份或匹配出现。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (那个工人兼作家那个工人兼作家) (比较：比较：The worker and the writer are from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家那位工人和那位作家) Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. T
2、he singer and dancer_ going to give us a performance. 那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。表演。 The knife and fork _on the table. 刀叉在桌子上。刀叉在桌子上。 isis2. 1) Every and (every) 2) each and (each) 3)no and (no), 4) many a and (many a)连接两个连接两个单数名词作主语单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。谓语用单数。 Every desk and every chair is made of wood
3、. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. 3. one/every one /each/either/ the number+of +复数名词作复数名词作主语，主语， Each of the students has a book. 谓语用单数。谓语用单数。4.由由any-,some-,no-和和-one,-thing,-body等等所构成的不定代词作主语。所构成的不定代词作主语。 5. 以以s 结结尾尾的的词词，但但表表示示学学科科、国国家家、机机构、构、 书籍、报刊等名称作主语。书籍、报刊等名称作主语。 6. 表表示示时时间间、距距离
4、离、金金钱钱、等等复复数数名名词词作主语，作主语， 表达一个整体概念时。表达一个整体概念时。 Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. 7. 非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。 Collecting stamps is what he likes. Whatever was left was taken away. 8. 单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语。作主语。 （二）谓语动词为复数的情况（二）谓语动词为复数的情况（二）谓语动词为复数的情况（二）谓语动词为复数的情况 1.由由
5、and 连连接接的的两两个个并并列列成成分分表表示示两两个个不同不同 的概念。的概念。 Both bread and butter are sold out. 2. people , police, cattle 等等有有生生命命的的集集体体名词作主语。名词作主语。 The police are looking for the missing child. 3. goods, stairs, arms 等名词作主语。等名词作主语。 4. 由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等等s 结尾的专有名词作主语。结尾的专有名词作主语。 The Olympic Games are held
6、 once every four years. 5. a number of /quantities of /a group of +名词作主语。名词作主语。 （三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定（三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定（三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定（三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定 1. 集集体体名名词词class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, majority, group等等作作主主语语。强强调调整整体体用用单单数数，指指
7、个个个个成成员员用用复数。复数。 His family is a great one. His family are music lovers. 2. means, works,等词，根据等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。主语表达的概念而定。 The steel works is near the station. Two new steel works are being built.3. “kind, sort, pair, type +名词名词” 作作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。定。 4. all作主语表示人时，谓语动词用作主语表示人时，谓语动词用复数；表
8、示物时，谓语动词用单数。复数；表示物时，谓语动词用单数。 All are present . All the food tastes good. 5. “half / most / enough / part / the rest / the last / lots / plenty / 分数、百分数分数、百分数 + of + 名词名词”作主语作主语: 谓语动词要和谓语动词要和 of 之后的之后的名词单复数保持一致。名词单复数保持一致。6.“the形容词形容词/过去分词过去分词”作主语作主语时。时。当当“the形容词形容词/过去分词过去分词”表表示一类人或事物时，谓语动词用复示一类人或事物时，
9、谓语动词用复 数；如果指某一抽象概念时，谓语数；如果指某一抽象概念时，谓语动词则用单数。如：动词则用单数。如： The sick here are very well cared for. The true is different from the false.7.What 引导的主语从句引导的主语从句What he said is quite correct他所说的完全正确。他所说的完全正确。 What he left me are only a few old books他给我留下他给我留下的只是几本旧书。的只是几本旧书。就近一致原则就近一致原则 由由or , either or, ne
10、ithernor, not onlybut also 等等连连接接的的并并列列主主语语，谓谓语语动动词词常常和和靠靠近近的的作作主主语语的的名名词词有有单单复复数数上保持一致。上保持一致。 Not only he but also I am invited. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress. there be句型句型There is a cup of tea and some apples on the table.“with , along with , together with , including , but , ex
11、cept , like , among , as well as , no more than , besides , rather than +名词名词”置于主语置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。单复数上保持一致。 The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.集合名词作主语，谓语的数如何确定集合名词作主语，谓语的数如何确定集合名词作主语，谓语的数如何确定集合名词作主语，谓语的数如何确定? ? 1His family _ a small one2His family
12、_ fat and short Ais，is Bare，are Cis，are Dare，is 此此题题应应选选C。family是是一一个个集集合合名名词词，具具有有单单数数(侧侧重重指指整整体体)和和复复数数(侧侧重重指指个个体体)两两种种可可能能。类似这种用法的词主要的有：类似这种用法的词主要的有： team(队队，队队员员)，class(班班，班班上上的的全全体体学学生生)，crowd(人人群群)，government(政政府府)，crew(乘乘务务员员)，committee(委委员员会会，委委员员们们)，audience(听听众众)等：等： This class consists of
13、 45 students. Mr Green teaches it 这个班这个班45个学生，由格林先生教。个学生，由格林先生教。 This class are all diligent. Mr Green teaches them.这个班的学生都很用功，由格林先生这个班的学生都很用功，由格林先生教。教。 It was late, but the audience was increasing.时间很迟了，但听众人数却在增加。时间很迟了，但听众人数却在增加。 The audience were all moved to tears.听众都感动得流了泪。听众都感动得流了泪。 The team is
14、 the best in the league这个队在联赛中打得最好。这个队在联赛中打得最好。 The football team are having baths足球队队员们在洗澡。足球队队员们在洗澡。 但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法：但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法： 1. 有的集合名词总是用作单数有的集合名词总是用作单数(不可数不可数)：clothing 衣服，衣服，poetry 诗歌，诗歌，baggageluggage 行李，行李，furniture家俱，家俱，machinery 机械，机械，scenery 景色，景色，jewellery珠宝等。珠宝等。 2. 有
15、的集合名词总是表示复数意义有的集合名词总是表示复数意义(但不用复数但不用复数形式形式)：people人，人，police警察，警察，cattle牲口等。牲口等。谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致? ? We Chinese _ a hard-working people Ais Bare Cis being Dare being 此此题题应应选选B。这这里里应应注注意意的的是是：我我们们通通常常说说的的是是主主谓谓一一致致（即即谓谓语语与与主主语语保保持持一一致致），而而不不是是表表谓谓一一致致（即即
16、不不是是谓谓语语与与表表语语一一致致），本本题题意意为为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。注意以下类似例子：注意以下类似例子： These two dictionaries are a present for my best friend Jim The planets were the object of his study The most important thing I need is books The countrys leading export is watches The best part of the meal is the coffee and
17、 cookies并列主语中谓语应与哪个保持一致并列主语中谓语应与哪个保持一致并列主语中谓语应与哪个保持一致并列主语中谓语应与哪个保持一致 ？1.You or he _ to blame 你或他有一人要受责备。你或他有一人要受责备。 2. _ you or he to blame? 受责备的是你还是他？受责备的是你还是他？ A is ，Is Bare，Are Cis，Are D are，Is 在在通通常常情情况况下下，两两个个并并列列主主语语由由or，eitheror，neithernor，notbut，not onlybut（also）等等连连接接时时，其其谓谓语语通通常常与与第第二二个个主主
18、语语（即即临临近近的的一一个个主主语语）保保持持一一致致，但但是是，在在疑疑问问句句中中则则通通常常与与第第一一个个主主语语（即即临临近近的的一一个个主语）保持一致。主语）保持一致。 1One or two days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe2Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais Bare Cam Dbe3Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having o
19、ne examination after another A is B are C am D be4Not the teacher ，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film A is B are C am D be下列结构的谓语应与哪个主语保持一致？下列结构的谓语应与哪个主语保持一致？下列结构的谓语应与哪个主语保持一致？下列结构的谓语应与哪个主语保持一致？ A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift Ais offered Bhas offered
20、Care offered Dhave offered 用连词用连词and连接的两个并列主语，其谓语要用连接的两个并列主语，其谓语要用复数，但是若主语跟有复数，但是若主语跟有with, like, but, except, besides, including, together with, along with, as well as, more than, no less than, rather than等连接等连接的另一个名词，其谓语通常要与前面一个主语保持的另一个名词，其谓语通常要与前面一个主语保持一致。一致。1Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for
21、class yesterday A was B were C has been D have been2A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave come3No one except my parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known4The teacher as well as the students _ the book already A has read B have read C are reading D is reading5All but one _ in the accident A was killed B were killed C will be killed D are killed
