《高考英语单项选择题解题技巧》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语单项选择题解题技巧（37页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it! Warming upThe Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A they B it C one D which1.Theworkers_theglassesandmarkedoneachbox“ThisSideUp”.(2010.全国卷全国卷.22)A.carriedB.deliveredC.pressedD.packed2.Imetseveralpeoplet
2、here,twoof_2.Imetseveralpeoplethere,twoof_beingbeingforeigners.foreigners.A.whomB.themA.whomB.themC.whoD.whichC.whoD.which3.Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestions_hadusedtheproducts.(2010.重庆重庆.25)A.whoeverB.whoC.whicheverD.which命题方向命题方向:着重考查考生对英语语言知识的着重考查考生对英语语言知识的识记识记,理解和运用理解和运用能力能力
3、.要求考生根据题干所要求考生根据题干所给的给的语境语境进行分析进行分析,对比对比,灵活灵活的运用的运用英语基础知识英语基础知识. -2012年年考试说明考试说明命题特征命题特征1.选点注意实用性，强调交际，避免为语法选点注意实用性，强调交际，避免为语法而语法，不出过偏过难而不实用的试题。而语法，不出过偏过难而不实用的试题。2.覆盖面广，但重点突出，集中考查动词用覆盖面广，但重点突出，集中考查动词用法，法，15道题中至少一半与动词有关，这其中道题中至少一半与动词有关，这其中包括时态、语态、语气、助动词、情态动词、包括时态、语态、语气、助动词、情态动词、非谓语形式及倒装。非谓语形式及倒装。3.题干
4、简单明了，语境丰富，注意交际背景题干简单明了，语境丰富，注意交际背景和交际条件，各干扰项设置合理、得体，干和交际条件，各干扰项设置合理、得体，干扰有效。扰有效。连连词词、代代词词形形容容词词、副副词词 介介词词搭搭配配 惯惯用用短短语语短短语语动动词词情情态态动动词词 动动词词语语态态句句子子结结构构 动动词词时时态态非非谓谓语语动动词词命题要点命题要点:命题特点命题特点: (1)(1)用用问句、陈述句、倒装句问句、陈述句、倒装句使题干使题干复杂，以避开考生熟悉的句子结构复杂，以避开考生熟悉的句子结构. .(2)(2)用用从句、加插入语从句、加插入语等分隔成分使等分隔成分使句子结构复杂句子结构
5、复杂. . 用用省略省略的方法使句子结构复杂的方法使句子结构复杂. .用用被动句被动句使句子结构复杂使句子结构复杂. .用考生用考生不太常见的句式不太常见的句式使句子结使句子结构看起来有点陌生构看起来有点陌生. .句子结构题句子结构题高考专题突破之高考专题突破之-1、排除题干中的冗余信息排除题干中的冗余信息 插入语，定语从句，伴随状语等插入语，定语从句，伴随状语等2、对选项进行分类对选项进行分类,分组筛选排除分组筛选排除 命题者有意地在一个句子中间插入一个从句或命题者有意地在一个句子中间插入一个从句或插入语，造成主谓隔离。如果将题干中的从句或插入语，造成主谓隔离。如果将题干中的从句或插入语去掉
6、，题干就会变得很简单明了。插入语去掉，题干就会变得很简单明了。 1 1、去掉从句或插入语、去掉从句或插入语1.John plays football _, if not better than, David.A. as wellB. as well asC. so wellD. so well as2.The days we looked forward to _at last. A.comesB.to come C.came D.comingBc1.Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. A. to be takenB. t
7、o take C. being takenD. taking分析：首先分析：首先should love to doshould love to do相当于相当于would like to dowould like to do，表示表示“想做某事想做某事”，后接不定式短语，可排除，后接不定式短语，可排除C,D.C,D.其次根据句意，其次根据句意，“小吉姆是被带到剧院小吉姆是被带到剧院”，应用被动结，应用被动结构，故排除构，故排除B B、D D；2 2可先根据题干对题目中的选项进行分可先根据题干对题目中的选项进行分类类, ,分组筛选排除错误较明显的选项分组筛选排除错误较明显的选项. .A2. My
8、 dictionary _. I have looked for it everywhere but still _it. A. has lost; dont find B. is missing; dont find C. has lost; havent found D. is missing; havent found分析：根据句意分析：根据句意“我的字典丢了。我到处找但是还没有我的字典丢了。我到处找但是还没有找到找到”，物品丢失可以说，物品丢失可以说sthsth be lost, be missing be lost, be missing或或be be gone,gone,据此排除据
9、此排除A A、C C；其次，这是一个并列句，前后时态应一致，用现在完成其次，这是一个并列句，前后时态应一致，用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响；没有找到字时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响；没有找到字典。因此排除典。因此排除B BD3、_, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is分析；分析；howeverhowever引导的状语从句应用陈述语序，排
10、除引导的状语从句应用陈述语序，排除A A、C C； 其次在该状语从句中，其次在该状语从句中，howeverhowever后边要紧接一个形容词或后边要紧接一个形容词或副词，排除副词，排除B BD2 2、将倒装句还原成陈述句、将倒装句还原成陈述句3 3、将感叹句还原为陈述句、将感叹句还原为陈述句4 4、将被动句还原为主动句、将被动句还原为主动句5 5、将省略句还原为一个完整的句子、将省略句还原为一个完整的句子1 1、将疑问句还原成陈述句、将疑问句还原成陈述句 由于疑问句的使用，句子的结构变得陌生，由于疑问句的使用，句子的结构变得陌生，对于这类题，可将题干还原成一个陈述句。如对于这类题，可将题干还原
11、成一个陈述句。如: :1.Whom would you rather have _with you ? A.to go B. go C. gone D. going分析：本题题干改成陈述句，则应是：分析：本题题干改成陈述句，则应是：You would rather have whom_with you . 1、将疑问句还原成陈述句、将疑问句还原成陈述句have sb do sth一一、将疑问句等改成陈述句、将疑问句等改成陈述句 2. Is this the reason _ for his being late for class? A. he explained B. what he exp
12、lained C. the one he explained D. why he explained克服思维定势法克服思维定势法：即解题时不能按：即解题时不能按照已有的思维模式，而是要仔细分照已有的思维模式，而是要仔细分析句子，从而不落入出题人的圈套。析句子，从而不落入出题人的圈套。 Never _time come back again. A. will lose B. will lost C. will losing D. will to lose如果将这个句子改为陈述句后我们便可以如果将这个句子改为陈述句后我们便可以很容易地看出其结构为：很容易地看出其结构为： Lost time wil
13、l never come back again.2 2、将倒装句还原成陈述句、将倒装句还原成陈述句Oh, John. _ you gave us! A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surprise C. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise分析分析: :先把题干还原为陈述句：先把题干还原为陈述句：Oh, John. You gave us a pleasant surprise! 3 3、将感叹句还原为陈述句、将感叹句还原为陈述句 由于被动句的使用，句子的结构相对于主由于被动句
14、的使用，句子的结构相对于主动句来说就没有那么清楚。我们如果将其改为主动句来说就没有那么清楚。我们如果将其改为主动句，这类题就会变得清楚的多。如：动句，这类题就会变得清楚的多。如：1.Time should be made good use of _our lessons well. A. learningB. learned C. to learn D. learns分析：分析：将题干改写为主动句则：将题干改写为主动句则：We should make good use of time _our lesson well。 4 4、将被动句还原为主动句、将被动句还原为主动句二、改被动句为主动句二、
15、改被动句为主动句2.I think that more attention should be paid_ the students abilities.A.to developing B. developingB.C. to develop D. develop 省略句使考生不易看清句子的结构。对于这类试题，省略句使考生不易看清句子的结构。对于这类试题，可恢复被省略的成分，使句子的结构变得明朗，进而选可恢复被省略的成分，使句子的结构变得明朗，进而选择合适的答案。如：择合适的答案。如： 5 5、将省略句还原为一个完整的句子、将省略句还原为一个完整的句子What made her mother
16、so angry?_the exam. A.Because she did nt pass B.Her not passing C.She did nt pass D.Because her not passing分析分析: 将答语部分补全应为：将答语部分补全应为：_the exam made her mother so angry. 1. -What made you so happy ? -_. A. Because of my passing the exam. B. I passed the exam. C. Because I passed the exam. D. My passi
17、ng the exam.2.Whenfirst_tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.(全国卷全国卷II.2004)A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced (made me so happy)还原省略成分还原省略成分 在实际的语境中，选择一个在实际的语境中，选择一个最佳的，最得体的，最佳的，最得体的，最地道的最地道的选项。要认真读懂题干，仔细分析题干所提选项。要认真读懂题干，仔细分析题干所提供的语境，注意挖掘其中的隐藏信息。供的语境，注意挖掘其中的隐藏信息。 Mum _ to
18、 us, “Be quiet! Your little sisters sleeping.” A shouted B whispered C explained D replied 不同的语境传达不同的信息不同的语境传达不同的信息,注意比较注意比较: （原题）（原题） Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. （NMET 2004 全国全国II） A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had donecA （改编）（改编）(选项同上选项同上)HasSamf
19、inishedhishomeworktoday?Yes.He_itthismorning.（原题）（原题）Robertissaid_abroad,butIdontknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.(1999.全国全国)A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying （改编）（改编） (选项同上选项同上)Robertissaid_abroad.ButIdontknowwhatcountryheisstudyingin.ACStrategy语境定义法：语境定义法：即根据实际即根据实际语境，捕捉句中关键词，语境
20、，捕捉句中关键词，从而准确答题。从而准确答题。1.The country life he was used to _greatly since 1992. 2. (2005山东卷山东卷) A. change B. has changed C. changingD. have changed2.Peterwassoexcited_hereceivedaninvitationfromhisfriendtovisitChongqing.(2009重庆，重庆，27)A.whereB.thatC.whyD.when 结构透视法结构透视法注意分析句子结构注意分析句子结构, ,避免主观性和随意性避免主观性和
21、随意性. .要熟练、灵活地运用所学知识。要熟练、灵活地运用所学知识。1. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where1. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. 语法分析法语法分析法The field research will take John a
22、nd Paul about five months；it will be a long time _ we meet them again.(07 安徽卷安徽卷)A after B before C since D when 一些常考语法项目（如：时态，语态，非谓语动词，一些常考语法项目（如：时态，语态，非谓语动词，常见固定句型常见固定句型, ,主从复合句等）有严格的使用规律和运用主从复合句等）有严格的使用规律和运用规律。解题时可借助语法分析法进行准确解答规律。解题时可借助语法分析法进行准确解答, ,有时候甚有时候甚至要细化到标点符号至要细化到标点符号。It will be +时间段时间段+b
23、efore从句从句 1. _ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.2. _ is known to the world that Mark Twain is a great American writer. 3._is known to the world is that Mark Twain is a great American writer.4. _ Mark Twain is a great American writer is known to the world.AsItWhatA. It B.
24、As C. That D. WhatThat 抓抓“题眼题眼”法法With the help of high technology, more and more substances _ in the past years. A discovered B have discovered C had been discovered D have been discovered 解题时，首先要解题时，首先要读懂题义读懂题义，然后结合信息，然后结合信息词，认真词，认真分析语境内容，分析语境内容，揣摩命题人的设题意图，揣摩命题人的设题意图，抓住抓住“题眼题眼”，结合相关知识，选出最佳答案，结合相关知识
25、，选出最佳答案。StrategySix标点提示法标点提示法：即根据句子：即根据句子中的标点符号，如逗号、中的标点符号，如逗号、句号、分号、破折号等，句号、分号、破折号等，从而正确理解句子含义。从而正确理解句子含义。2. I helped several people there. Most of _ were disabled. A. whom B. them C. who D. which1.Please do me a favor _ a letter for me.2. A. to post B. posting3. C. post D. posted 3.Tom has many friends; _ can help him. A. few of which B. few of whom C. few of that D. few of them 4.Tom has many friends _ can help him. A. few of which B. few of whom C. few of that D. few of them ,Conclusion重重 基基 础础 细细 分分 析析巧巧 运运 用用
