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1、Unit 8 Company Performance12Learning ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson, Students should be able to:Comprehend basic vocabulary used to describe graphs and charts;Identify speed and degree of changes in business graphs and charts;Develop communication skills to: Describe graphs ans charts;Introd
2、uce company performance. 3Business ProfileWant to know about company performance?By the end of each financial year, all publicly traded companies will release a report to tell their shareholders, prospective investors, customers and others about the company performance, ie. How the business ran in t
3、he past year. We call this the annual report. The report includeds both quantifiable and unquantifiable information. Reading annual reports is an excellent way to familiarize yourself with a company and its markets. 4Annual ReportAn annual report is a report presented each year by the directors to t
4、he members and shareholders of a company, giving information about the companys trading activities and including certain documants which must be produced by law, namely the balance sheet, the profit and loss account, and the auditors and directors reports. 5An annual report is a comprehensive report
5、 on a companys activities throughout the preceding year. Annual reports are intended to give shareholders and other interested people information about the companys activities and financial performance. Most jurisdictions require companies to prepare and disclose annual reports, and many require the
6、 annual report to be filed at the companys registry. Companies listed on a stock exchange are also required to report at more frequent intervals (depending upon the rules of the stock exchange involved).6Format of Annual ReportMost annual reports follow a very similar format in spite of the differen
7、t types of inofrmation they contain. Common sections are:Letter from company Chairman/ the Chairmanss StatementFinacial highlightsBalance SheetsProfit and loss StatementsNew Business ReportsAnnual Review/ Business Review7Typically annual reports will include:Chairpersons reportCeos reportAuditors re
8、port on corporate governance Missions statementCorporate governance statement of complianceStatement of directors responsibilities声明董事的职责 Invitation to the companys AGM 邀请公司的股东周年大会 as well as financial statements including:Audiotrs report on financial statementsBalance sheetStatement of retained ear
9、nings 声明保留赢利Income statementCash flow statementNotes to the financial statementsAccounting policies 8Chairmans statementThe chairmans statement is made by the chairman of a company at its annual general meeting and is often included in the annual report. The statement is not requuired by law and the
10、re are no regulations as to its contents, but it often contains crucial and useful information about the company. 9Balance sheetsA balance sheet is a statement showing the financial condition of a business at certain date (uauslly at the end of an accounting period) with an aim of giving, in single
11、document, some means of measuring the financial position of the business and of judging its values as an investment. It contains the balances of the ledger accounts separated into liabilities (mainly capital invested, creditors, reserves, e.g. for staff persions) and assets ( mainly land and buildin
12、gs, machinery, stock-in-trade, cash, investments, and amounts receivable from debtors.)10WTO chief says banks must clean up balance sheets. 世贸组织总干事说,各银行必须清理资产负债表. 11What is a balance sheet used for?A balance sheet helps any interested person quickly get a handle on the finacial strength and capabili
13、tes of the businesss:l Is the business in a position to edxpand? lCan the business easily handle the normal fonancial ebbs and flows of revenues and expensed?l Or, should the business take immediate steps to bolster cash reserves? 12How should profit and loss be shared between the parties to a joint
14、 venture? 合资企业各方如何分享利润、分担亏损? 1314Part I warm-upDo you know the name of the graphs and charts?If you were to prepare PPTs for presentations on two topics:lEmployee opinion survey on management;lIn come growth in Guangzhou, shanghai and Beijing (20052008), what kind of graph or chart would you use in
15、each case? ?1516Part II listening and SpeakingLanguage expansion17Verbs and nouns for describing changes and trendsUpward movementDownward movementVerbNounVerbNounIncreaseIncreaseDecreaseDecreaseRiseRiseFallFallGo upGo downClimbClimbDropDropAdvanceRetreatRetreatGain groundLose groundGrowGrowthDeclin
16、eDeclinePick upReduceReductionImproveImprovementSlip backRecoverRecoveryBottom outhikehikeslideslide18Adjectives and adverbs to indicate speed and degree ofchangesSpeed of changeDegree of changeAdj.Adv.Type of changeAdj.Adv.Type of changeRapidRapidlyfastNoticeablenoticeably bigFastFastconsiderableco
17、nsiderablySharpsharplyDramaticDramaticallySuddensuddenlySignificantSignificantlySteepSteeplySlightSlightlysmallSteadySteadilyregularSmallA littlegradualGraduallymoderatemoderately19l液晶电视机(LCD TV)的价格降低了百分之三十.l该地区粮食产量增长了三倍.l今年手扶拖拉机的产量增加了两倍.l生产成本减少了百分之十.lThe price of a LCD TV set dropped by 30%.lThe gr
18、ain output in the area has gone up by three times.lThis year the production of walking-tractors has increased by twice.lThe production cost was reduced by ten percent. 20Portable hard disks production has increased four times.The sales of our handicrafts have risen 3.5 fold.The total output value of
19、 the citys light industry has grown over three times as again last year.The weight of the bicycle has decreased 3 times.The length of the rope has been shortened 5 fold. If there were a bridge here, the distance would be shortened four times.The number of the students in that school has been decreas
20、ed more than three fold.21lThere is a two-fold increase in production.lThe advantage of the radion is a three-fold reduction in volume.22Expand to 表示净增lThe wood area on the mountain has been expanded to two-thirds.23Cut-throat competition, also known as destructive or ruinous competition, refers to
21、situations when competition results in prices that do not chronically or for extended periods of time cover costs of production, particularly fixed costs. This may arise in secularly declining or sick industries with high levels of excess capacity or where frequent cyclical or random demand downturn
22、s are experienced. 24中国游客蝉联法国购物王 一年买61亿免税商品 (口译)根据环球退税公司最近公布的调查报告，2010年中国游客在法国购买免税商品总额达6.5亿欧元（约合61.3亿元人民币），蝉联法国购物王的称号。报告显示，外国游客2010年在法国购买的免税商品总金额达30亿欧元（约合283亿元人民币），比2009年增长35%，这主要受到中国游客购买量的带动。排名第二的俄罗斯游客2010年共在法国购买2.2亿欧元（约合20.7亿元人民币）的免税商品。数据显示，中国游客的人均购买金额，即同一天在同一家商店的消费金额，高达1300欧元（约合1.23万元人民币）。2005年中国游客的人均购买金额为650欧元（约合6127元人民币）。25
