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1、目录一、 内科常用字汇心血管系统血液及淋巴系统呼吸系统消化系统内分泌系统神经系统肌肉骨骼系统泌尿及男性生殖系统特殊感觉器官综合字汇二、 妇产科常用字汇三、 小儿科常用字汇四、 精神科常用字汇五、 各科常用缩写六、 解剖式内外科常用字汇七、癌症相关单字八、医院内常见单字九、病历表内常见单字1十、诊断用具一、 内科常用字汇心血管系统 The Cardiovascular SystemAcute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏
2、血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病Hemangioma 血管瘤Vasodilatation 血管扩张Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Hypertension 高血压Hypertrophy 肥大Hypotension 低血压Varicose veins 静脉曲张血液及淋巴系统 The Hemic and Lymphatic SystemAdenitis 腺炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte 白血球Leukocytopenia 白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
3、 全身性红斑性狼疮2Splenomegaly 脾肿大Anemia 贫血Aseptic 无菌的Septicemia 败血症Hemostasis 止血Transfusion 输血呼吸系统 The Respiratory SystemPulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Mucosa 黏膜Exhale 呼吸Apnea 窒息Tachypnea 呼吸急促Pneumonia 肺炎Bronchitis 支气管炎Lung Empyema 肺积脓消化系统 The Digestive SystemShort of breath 呼吸短促Dysphasia 说话困难Aphasia 失语症Aphonia 失声D
4、ysphagia 吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎3Pharyngitis 咽炎Laryngitis 喉炎Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis 腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌Gastritis 胃炎Gastroenteritis 胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia 胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon
5、 cancer 结肠癌Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直肠癌Anal Fistual 肛门?I 管External hemorrhoid 外痔Internal hemorrhoid 内痔Excretion 排泄4Hepatitis 肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall Stone 胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites 腹水内分泌系统 The Endocrine SystemGlycemia 糖血症Goiter 甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus 尿
6、崩症Bromidrosis 汗臭症Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统 The Nervous SystemCerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血Cerebral Edema 脑水肿Cerebra Palsy 脑性麻痹Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血Encephalitis 脑炎5Electromyography 肌电图Neuritis 神经炎Epilepsy 癜痫Trigeminal Neura
7、lgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis ?偻症Rachioscoliiosis 脊柱侧弯Spondylitis 脊椎炎Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识Eye opening 睁眼反应Verbal response 语言反应Motor response 运动反应Corneal reflex 角膜反射Plantar reflex 膝反射Sciatica 坐骨神经痛Chorea 舞蹈症Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩Migraine 偏头痛Parkinsons Disease 巴金森式
8、症Brain Swelling 脑肿胀brain Concussion 脑震荡6brain Anoxia 脑缺氧症brain Death 脑死肌肉骨骼系统 The Musculoskeletal SystemAnterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis 关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease 变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion 转
9、移性损害Osteoporosis 骨质疏松症Amputation 截肢Bone graft 骨移植Hallux Valgus 大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术Range of Motion 运动范围Varus 内翻Chondromalacia 软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统 The Urinary and Male Reproductive SystemCystitis 膀胱炎Circumcision 包皮环割术7Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis 肾水肿Renal Stone 肾结石Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰
10、竭Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Spermatogenesis 精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄Dysuria 排尿困难Hematuria 血尿Uremia 尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染Vasoligation 输精管结扎Impotence 阳萎特殊感觉器官 The Organs of Special SensesAudiometer 听力计Otitis 耳炎Otorrhea 耳漏Tympanitis 中耳炎Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术Nasitis 鼻炎
11、Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 鼻咽癌8Rhinorrhea 鼻溢Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物Intraocular pressure 眼内压Oculus Uterque 双眼Oculus Sinister 左眼Oculus Dexter 右眼Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Diplopia 复视Myopia 近视Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂Corneitis 角膜炎Pupil Size Anisocoria 瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy 视网膜固定术Retinal Detachm
12、ent 视网膜剥落Visual field 视野Vocal nodular 声带结节Dermatologist 皮肤科医师Dermatitis 皮肤炎Cataract 白内障Glaucoma 青光眼综合性字汇9Contraceptive 避孕的Contraindication 禁忌症Biology 生物学Hyperemesis 剧吐Polydipsia 剧渴Homosexual 同性的Heterosexual 异性的Inject 注射Lipoma 脂肪瘤Lipoid 脂肪样的Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸形Malaise 不适Necrosis 坏死Nocturi
13、a 夜尿症Ployuria 多尿Narcotics 麻醉药Hyperplasia 增殖Dysplasia 发育不良Dyspepsia 消化不良Prognosis 预後Antipyretic 解热剂10Hydrophobia 恐水症Photophobia 畏光Antibiotic 抗生素Syndrome 症候群Hydrotherapy 水疗法Perforation 穿孔Percussion 叩诊Visceralgia 脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital 生殖的Gynecology 妇科Menstruation 月经Menopause 更年期Menorrhagia 经血过多Amenorrhea
14、 无月经Dysmenorrhea 经痛Menarche 初经Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌Cervical Erosion 子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis 子宫颈炎Perineum 会阴Endometriosis 子宫内膜异位11Ovary 卵巢Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿Ovulation 排卵Vaginitis 阴道炎Colposcopy 阴道镜检法Galactocele 乳腺囊肿Mammography 乳房 X 光摄影术Infertility 不孕症InVitro Fertilization 体外受精Amnion 羊膜Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术Amniotic
15、 Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞Hydramnion 羊水过多Anterpartal 产前的Antepartum 分娩前Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination 人工受精Engagement 进入产位Estrogen 动情基素Colostrum 初乳Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕12Corpus Luteum 黄体Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩Venereal Disease 性病T
16、ubal Ligation 输卵管结扎Laparoscope 腹腔镜Embryo 胚胎Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕Primipara 初产妇Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中Multipara 经产妇Parity 经产Placenta Previa 前置胎盘Postpartum 产後Postpartum hemorrhage 产後出血Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症Adolescence 青春期Basal Body Temperature 基础体温Cesarean Section 剖腹产Expect
17、ed Date of Confinement 预产期Fallopian Tube 输卵管Forceps 产钳13Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块Labor Pain 阵痛Painless Labor 无痛分娩Molding 胎头变形Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水Progesterone 黄体素Stillbrith 死产Suture 缝合Stump 残物Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apn
18、ea 呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia 再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma 支气管性气喘Bronchitis 支气管炎Cephalopematoma 头血肿Erythema 红斑Hypospadia 尿道下裂Dehydration 脱水14Hydrocephalus 水脑Hydrocele 阴囊积水Polydactylia 多指畸形Pyoderma 脓皮症Sepsis 败血症Tonsillitis 扁桃腺炎Encephalitis 脑炎Gastroenteritis 肠胃炎Necrotizing Enteroc
19、olitis 坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant 恶性的Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia 新生儿窒息Cleft Palate 颚裂Diarrhea 腹泻Dental Caries 龋齿Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticaria 蕈麻疹Torticollis 斜颈Vaccine 疫苗Incubator 保温箱Cleft lip 兔唇Chicken pox 水痘15Club foot 畸足Diphtheria 白喉Dengue fever 登革热Eczema 湿疹Congenital syph
20、ilis 先天性梅毒German Measles/ Rubella 德国麻疹Giant baby 巨婴Gonorrhea 淋病Hepatitis B B 型肝炎Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄疸Mongolian spots 蒙古斑Mumps 腮腺炎Respiratory arrest 呼吸停止Roseola infantum 幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting 呕吐四、精神科常用字汇Mental retardation 智能不足autism 自闭症dement 痴呆症alzheimers dementia 阿尔?海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒瘾16
21、substances Intoxication 物质中毒alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒schizophrenia 精神分裂病delusional Disorder 妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder 重郁症疾患phobia 畏惧症obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 强迫性病患pedophilia 恋童癖exhibitionism 暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism 扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患Anore
22、xia Nervosa 心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa 心因性暴食症临床症状blunted affect 感情迟钝silly Laughter 傻笑apathy 冷漠irritable 易怒的euphoria 欣快感depression 忧郁ambivalence 感情矛盾17Flat Affect 感情平淡suicide attempt 自杀企图queer behavior 怪异行为bizarre behavior 特异行为hypertalkative 多话hypotalkative 少话mutistic 不语hyperactivity 活动过多hypoactivity 活动过少
23、compulsive behavior 强迫行为verbigeration 重复语言catelepsy 僵直negativism 阻抗行动Mannerism 作态行为destrctive behavior 破坏行为autistic thinking 自闭性思考poverty of speech 言语贫乏flight of ideas 意念飞跃loosening of association 思考连结松散illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考pressure speech 言语急迫thought blocking 思考中断18incoherent 语无伦次thought Withdr
24、awal 思想退缩irrelevant 答非所问delusion 妄想delusion of persecution 被害妄想delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想Phobia 恐惧症acrophobia 惧高症algophobia 惧痛症sexual drive 性欲illusion 错觉hallucination 幻觉auditory hallucination 听幻觉disoreinatation 失去定向力amnesia 记忆丧失症confabulation 虚谈症orientation 定向力judgement 判断力derealization 失真感insight 病识
25、感no insight 无病识感intellectual insight 理性的病识感19true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词free association 自由联想dream analysis 梦的解析ego 自我id 原我super ego 超我ego boundary 自我界限libido 原欲scapegoat 代罪羔羊internal conflict 内在冲突conscious 意识unconscious 潜意识preconscious 前意识transference 情感转移depersonalization 人格解体derealizat
26、ion 脱离现实neurosis 神经精神病Psychosis 神经病Pleasure Principle 享乐原则Reality Principle 现实原则Moral Principle 道德原则20Predisposing Factors 潜在因素Precipitating Factors 诱发因素Defense Mechanism 防卫机转compensation 补偿作用conversion 转化作用denial 否认作用displacement 转移作用dissociation 解离作用fantasy 幻想作用identification 认同作用introjection 内射作用
27、projection 外射作用retionalization 合理化作用reaction formation 反向作用degression 退化作用repression 潜抑作用suppression 压抑作用restitution 归还作用sublimation 升华作用substitution 取代作用symbolism 象徵作用undoing 抵销作用21distortion 曲解作用isolation 隔离作用Cognitive behavioral Therapy 认知行为治疗Empathy 同理心Resistance 阻抗testing out behavior 试探行为self-
28、awareness 自我了解separation anxiety 分离焦虑reinforcement 增强原则catharsis 情绪宣泄confrontation 面质listen 倾听restraint 约束physical restraint 身体的约束chemical 药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice discharge 自动出院A abdomen 腹部ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例AK above knee 膝上22B.BE below
29、elbow 肘下BH body height 身高b.i.d twice a day 一日两次Bil bilateral 两侧的BK below knee 膝下BM bowel movement 肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection 胆道感染BUS blood, urine, stool 血液,小便,大便BW body weight 体重C.Ca. Carcinoma 癌CBC complete blood count 全血球计数C
30、BD common bile duct 总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部CO cardiac output 心输出量CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法23CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电脑断层检查CVA cerebral vasc
31、ular accident 脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压D.DC discontinue 停止D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白喉,百日咳,破伤风DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤E.ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉F.FH family history 家族
32、史FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧Fr fracture 骨折G.GB gall bladder 胆囊GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道24GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规gtt. Drops 滴GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的GYN gynecology 妇科学HHb hemoglobin 血色素HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血h.s. at bedtime 睡
33、前HT Hypertension 高血压Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积Hx History 病例IICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房ICT Intracerebral tumor 脑内肿瘤I & D Incision and drainage 切开及流IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压Imp. Impression 臆断IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的I & O Intake and output 输
34、入及排出IV Intravenous 静脉内的IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅25JJej. Jejunum 空肠Jt. Joint 关节KKn. Knee 膝KUB Kidney, ureter, baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱L.LFT liver function test 肝功能试验LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经MMBD may be discharged 可出院MN midnight 午夜NNKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏NP n
35、othing particular 并无特别的NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌NPO nothing by mouth 禁食O.OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎OB occult blood 潜血OBS obstetrics 产科26OP operation 手术OPD outpatient department 门诊Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的OS ocular sinistro 左眼OT occupational therapy 职能治疗OU Both eyes 双眼Pp.c. after meals 饭後PCT Peni
36、cillin test 盘尼西林测验PE Physical examination 身体检查PI Present illness 目前病况p.o. by mouth 由口PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡PT Physical therapy 物理治疗PTA Prior to admission 入院前PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养QQ every 每一q.d. every day 每日q.h every hour 每小时q.i.d. four times a day 每日四次q.m. every morning 每
37、日早晨27q.n. every night 每日晚间RRA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎RBC red blood cell 红血球RN registered nurse 护理师R/O rule out 可能是RR recovery room 恢复室R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限Rx take 取拿Medication 处方Treatment 治疗SSc. Subcutaneous 皮下的SOB short of breath 呼吸短促SP.g.r. specific gravit
38、y 比重S/P status/ post operation 手术後s-s half 一半St(stat) immediately 立刻Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌Tt.i.d. Three times a day 每日三次28TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺UURI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染WWBC White blood cell 白血球White blood cou
39、nt 白血球计数YY/O year old 年龄Z zero 零六、解剖式内外科常用字汇The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs 肺脏venisvessels 血管capillaries 微血管cardi 心脏arteriesblood clot 凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System 血液及淋巴系统Blood 血液Red blood cell 红血球29White blood cell 白血球Platelet 血小板The Respiratory System 呼吸系统Bronchial tube 主支气管Alveoii 气泡Phar
40、ynx 咽Larynx 喉Trachea 气管Lung 肺Bronchioles 小支气管Pleura 胸膜Chest 胸Air 气The Digestive System 消化系统Lips 唇teeth 牙齿tongue 舌bile duct 胆管gallbladder 胆囊duodenum 十二指肠jejunum 空肠ileum 回肠30appendix 阑尾small intestine 小肠large intestine 大肠rectum 直肠anus 肛门pancreas 胰stomach 胃esophagus 食道pharynx 咽The Endocrine SystemGland
41、s 腺体Adrenals 肾上腺Pancreas 胰Pituitary 脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳房Ovaries 卵巢Testes 睾丸The Nervous SystemBrain 脑Spinal cord 脊髓Vertebra 脊椎31Cranium 颅腔Meninges 脑膜Nerves 神经The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统Skull 头骨Clavicle 锁骨Sternum 胸骨Ribs 助骨Joints 关节Ligaments 韧带Tendons 肌腱Cartilage 软骨The Ur
42、inary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex 皮质Urinary 膀胱Urethra 尿道Ureters 输尿管Kidney 肾脏Renal pelvis 肾孟Vas deferens 精管Urinary bladder 膀胱prostate gland 前列腺32scrotum 阴囊testis 睾丸penis 阴茎urethra 尿道The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve 听神经Ear 耳朵Hearing 听觉的tube 耳咽管Eardrum 耳骨膜Eustachian 欧式
43、管Nasal cavities 鼻腔Nose 鼻Eyelid 眼睑Lens 晶球体Carnea 角膜Tear duct 泪管Conjunctiva 结膜Choroid layer 脉络膜Retina 视网膜Sclera 巩膜Optic nerve 视神经33Obstetrics & Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇Fallopian tube 输卵管Ovary 卵巢Uterus 子宫Vagina 阴道Vulva 女阴(外生殖器官)脑部系统cerebrum 大脑corpus callosum 胼胝体thalamus 视丘cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑cerebral
44、 peduncles 大脑脚infundibulum 漏斗hypophysis 脑下垂体midbrain 中脑pons 桥脑medulla 延脑brain stem 脑干眼球构造pupil 瞳孔suspensory ligaments 悬韧带34ciliary process 捷状突retinal veins 网膜静脉retinal arteries 网膜动脉optic nerve 视神经anterior chamber 前眼房posterior chamber 後眼房iris 虹膜vitreous body 玻璃状体internal rectus muscle 内直肌lacrimal pun
45、cta 泪孔lacrimal canaliculi 泪小管lacrimal gland 泪腺excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管eyebrow 眉毛耳朵构造cochlea 耳蜗eustachian tube 耳咽管helix 耳壳tympanic membrance 鼓膜external auditory canal 外耳道semicircular canals 半规管malleus 锤骨35vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva 齿龈molars 大臼齿premolars 小臼齿canines 犬齿incisors 门齿vestibu
46、le of mouth 口腔前庭upper lip 上唇upper lip frenulum 上唇系带alveolar provess 齿槽突hard palate 硬颚palatine tonsil 颚扁桃腺sublingual caruncle 舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1. gastric cancer 胃癌2. pancreatic cancer 胰脏癌3. colon cancer 结肠癌4. rectal cancer 直肠癌5. prostate cancer 摄护腺癌6. nasotharyngdal carcinona 鼻咽癌7. cervical cancer 子宫颈癌368.
47、 lung cancer 肺癌9. esophageal cancer 食道癌10. bladder cancer 膀胱癌11. laryngl caner 喉癌12. ovarian cancer 软巢癌13. liver cancer 肝癌14. skin cancer 皮肤癌15. breast cancer 乳癌16. leukemia 血癌17. bone cancer 骨癌18. brain tumor 脑癌19. heart disease 心脏病20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤八、医院内常见单字Hospital 医院Nursing school = nursing home 护
48、理学校(nursing home) Private convalescencehospital 慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院(nursery school) 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科Resident in medicine 内科住院医师Chief of Medicine 内科主任 (Medical man)37Internist = intern = intern 实习生 (Internist = 内科医师)House officer 医院医师的称呼Junior and
49、 senior students 医学院学生(通常 3 或 4 学生)Extern 医院实习生Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生Student nurse 护理学生Graduate nurse 护理学校毕业的护士Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证Supervisor 督导护士Head nurse 护士长Scrub nurse 手术助理护士Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车(不限於车子 只要是搬运病人的船或飞
50、机)Ambulant 可走动 不必卧床的病人Ambulantory patient 住院患者可走动 (May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib,may walk)Malingerer 装病的人 (malinger 装病)Paretic 麻痹患者Malpractice 诊疗错误Emergency room 急诊室Ward 病房station 护理站38por 恢复室Patient 患者,病人Narcotic 麻醉药Nurse 护士Doctor 医生Internist 内科医生Surgeon 外科医生Dentist 牙科医生Gynecologist 妇科医生Ortho
51、pedist 骨科医生Oculist 眼科医生Pediatrician 小儿科医生Psychiatrist 精神病医生Intern 实习医生Examination table 诊疗台Clinical thermometer 体温计Stethoscope 听诊器Reflector 反光镜X-ray checkup X 光检查X-ray photograph X 光像片Operation 手术Scalpel 手术刀39Syringe 针筒Hypodermic needle 注射针Injection 注射Ice bag 冰袋Fixation forceps 固定镊Medicine, drug 药品B
52、andage 绷带Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉Gauze 纱布Mask 口罩Wheel chair 轮椅Crutches ?收?br /Ambulance 救护车Stretcher 担架Chart 病历表Prescription 处方Blood pressure 血压Blood type 血型Artificial respiration 人工呼吸Pill 药丸Capsule 胶囊Ointment 软膏Iodine tincture 碘酒40Sedative 镇静剂Intensive care unit 加护病房Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
53、心肺复苏术Intravenous drip 点滴Chemotherapy 化学治疗Computerized Topography 电脑断层magnetic resonance imaging 核磁共振Bureau of National Health Insurance 中央健保局Fracture 骨折Gypsum 石膏九、病历表内常见单字Front sheet, Summary sheet 首页,摘要表History sheet 病历表Physical examination sheet 身体检查表Physicians order sheet 医嘱单Physicians progress n
54、ote 医生用病情进展记录Laboratory reports 检验报告Radiographic reports X 光检查报告Nursing notes 护理记录Graphic chart 图式病历Discharge summary sheet 出院摘要Operation report 手术报告41Anesthesia record 麻醉记录Consultation sheet 会诊单Intake and output sheet 摄取与排泄记录Consent (or permission) for operation 手术同意书Emergency room record 急诊室记录住院病历
55、表身家调查事项 ( identifying data or biographic data)admission date 住院日期hospital number = chart number 病历号码room number 病房号码namesexagebirth datebirth placemarital status = civil status 婚姻状况addressoccupationempolyer 雇主公司行号health insurance number 医疗保险号码referring physician 转介医生各系统的表现状况-全身状态42违和感malaise (= a va
56、gue feeling of bodily discomfort, indefinite bodily weakness or discomfort)feel unwell (ill, poorly)疲劳感.倦怠感lassitudefatiguetirednesswearinesslanguorlack of energy (vigor)listlessnessexhaustionworn-out虚脱 无力状态weaknessfeeblenesslack (loss) of strengthdebilitypowerlessnessprostration(= extreme weakness
57、or exhaustion)asthenia43睡眠状态sleepslumber (=light sleep)a nap (=a short sleep)a doze (= a light or fitful sleep)入睡 fall asleep ; go to sleep小睡 take a nap ; take a doze ; slumber ; doze ; drowse欲睡的 sleepy ; drowsy ; somolent ; lethargic睡意 sleepiness ; drowsiness ; somnolence摧睡 become(= feel =get) slee
58、py(=drowsy = somnolent)睡眠不足 loss(= lack = want) of sleep失眠 insomnia ; sleeplessness ; wakefulness ; inability to sleep失眠症的人 insomniac熟睡 sound (profound) sleep睡醒 awake ; wake ; rouse ; awaken作梦 dream恶梦 nightmare梦游症 sleepwalking ; somnambulism梦游病者 sleep-walker ; somnambulist ; night-walker体重方面(weight
59、; body weight)体重为 weigh ; be in weight最高 maximum44最低 minimum平均 average最适 optimum现在 present体重减少 weight loss ; loss of weight体重增加 weight gain ; gain in weight ; increase in weight瘦 thin ; lean ; skinny瘦弱 emaciated (emaciation)肥胖 fat ; stout ; fatty体温状况(body temperature量体温 take ones temperature发烧 fever
60、 ; pyrexia ; rise (elevation) of temperature ; increase in temperature发烧的 feverish ; febrile ; fevered ; pyrexic ; pyrexial无发烧的 afebrile ; feverless ; apyrexial发冷 a chill ; rigor ; have a cold fit寒颤 shiver ; shake ; shaking chills ; shivering with chills退热 fall ; drop ; go down ; abate ; remit发汗 swe
61、ating ; perspiration弛张热 remittent fever间歇热 intermittent fever连续热 continuous fever危险期 by crisis45转轻期 by lysis疼痛方面偏头痛 migraine ; megrim ; hemicrania ;後头部痛 occipital pain侧头部痛 temporal pain前头部痛 frontal pain头痛 have(suffer) a headache ; ones head aches ; feel a pain in the head耳痛 earache ; sore ears ; toa
62、lgia咽喉痛 sore throat ; pharyngalgia眼痛 have painful eyes ; ones eyes hurt(smart)齿痛 toothache胸痛 chest pain心前部痛 precordial pain心绞痛 anginal pain胸股下後痛 substernal (retrosternal) pain胸膜炎痛 pleuritic pain腹痛 abdominal pain ; belly(stomach) ache上腹痛 epigastric pain ; pain in the epigastrium上腹部痛 upper abdominal p
63、ain下腹部痛 lower abdominal pain左上腹部痛 left upper quadrant pain侧腹部痛 flank pain46背痛 backache腰痛 low backache ; lumbago关节痛 joint pain肌肉痛 muscular pain神经痛 neuralgia绞痛 colic ; colicky pain胆石绞痛 biliary or gallstone colic肾石痛 renal colic痛 cramps ; crampy (cramping) pain; spasmodic博动痛 throbbing(pounding, thumping
64、, pulsating) pain转移性痛 radiating pain ; pain with radiation牵连痛 referred pain电击痛 lightning (fulgurant, shooting) pain带状痛 girdle pain神经根性痛 root pain空腹痛 hunger pain夜间痛 nocturnal pain自发痛 spontaneous pain压痛 tenderness固定痛 fixed (steady) pain灼热痛 burning pain刺状痛 lancinating ; piercing ; stinging ; darting; s
65、tabbing47分裂状头痛 splitting ; racking撕裂状痛 tearing ; rending ;钝痛 dull ; obtuse ;剧烈痛 sharp ; excruciating ; tormenting ; torturing ; racking ; agonizingly severe不断阵痛 gnawing ; griping擦伤痛 stinging ; smarting ; sore针刺痛 pricking ; pricking呼吸器管和循环器管系统呼吸 breath ; respiration呼吸困难 difficulty in breathing ; dysp
66、nea呼吸短促 be short of breath ; shortness of breath ;be short-winded; be out of breath ; lose ones breath深呼吸 breathe deeply叹息 sigh ; draw a long breath喘息 pant端坐呼吸 orthopnea劳动时呼吸困难 exertional dyspnea ; difficulty in breathing on exertion( physical activity)夜间呼吸困难 nocturnal dyspnea呼吸快速 tachypnea ; rapid
67、breathing喘呜 wheeze ; wheezing打喷嚏 sneezing ; sneeze打嗝 hiccup (hiccough) ; singultus48咳嗽 cough阵发性咳嗽 have a fit of coughing ; have a paroxysmal清喉 clear the throat乾咳 dry cough ; hacking couth ; nonproductive cough有痰咳 productive cough ; cough with sputum喀痰 sputum ; phlegm ; expectorate喀血 hemoptysis ; blo
68、ody expectoration粘喀痰 viscid (tenaceous ; thick ) sputum浓喀痰 frothy sputum泡沫状喀痰 mucoid sputum脓性喀痰 purulent sputum血性喀痰 bloody sputum混血喀痰 blood-streaked sputum绿色喀痰 greenish sputum锈色喀痰 rusty sputum感冒 common cold流形性感冒 influenze ; flu ; grippe上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory infection (U.R.I.)胸膜炎 pleruisy气喘 asthma
69、心悸 palpitation悸动 palpitate ; throb49脉搏暂停 pause in the pulse ; skipped pulse (heart beat)速脉 rapid pulse ; tachycardia徐脉 slow pulse ; bradycardia高血压 high blood pressure ; hypertension ; hypotension心脏麻痹 heart attack ; heart failure ; cardiac standstill狭心症 angina (=angina pectoris)心脏瓣膜症 valvular disease
70、 of the heart ; leaking heart valve (leaky heart)动脉硬化 hardening of the arteries ; arterioscalerosis血液循环不佳 have a poor circulation of blood间歇性跛行 intermittent claudication消化器官系统食欲不振 a poor (weak or bad) appetite ; no little appetite ; loss (lack or decrease)of appetite ; anorexia食欲增进 increase (improve
71、ment) of appetite无食欲 have no (little ; a poor) appetite食欲旺盛 have a strong (voracious) appetite丧失食欲 lose ones apptite空腹 an empty stomach咀嚼 chewing ; mastication吞咽 swallow gulp吞咽困难 difficulty in swallowing ; dysphagia嗳气 打噎 belching ; eructation打酸噎 sour eructation50心灼热 heatburn ; pyrosis ; water brash逆
72、流 regugitation恶心 nausea ; retch ; heaving ; nauseous feeling ; sickly feeling感到恶 feel nausea (nauseous, nauseated, sick,queasy) ; retch ; heave ; feel like vomiting呕吐 vomiting ; emesis ; vomit ; throw up ; bring up ; spew呕吐物 vomit ; vomitus; vomited matter咖啡渣 coffee-grounds消化 digestion消化不良 indigesti
73、on ; dyspepsia腹部饱胀 abdominal distention ; bloating ; flautulence; meteorism; gassiness腹鸣 borborygmus ; gurgling ; growling ; rumbling黄疸 jaundice ; icterus腹水 ascites通便 bowel movement ; bowel habit ; pass stools ; move ones bowels ; defecate ;evacuate the bowels ;下痢 diarrhea ; loose bowels ;便秘 constip
74、ation水状 watery stool (feces)血状 bloody stool柏油状 tarry stool泥状 mushy stool软状 loose stool51硬状 hard stool呈固状 formed stool呈半固状 semiformed stool大便失禁 fecal incontinence放屁 pass gas ; pass wind ; pass flatus泌尿与生殖器官系统排尿 urination ; micturition ; pass(void) urine ; urinate ; micturate尿意 urge (desire ) to urina
75、te尿急 urinary urgency频尿 urinary frequency夜间频尿 frequent urination during the night ; nycturia多尿 polyuria少尿 oliguria无尿 anuria排尿困难 difficulty in urination ; dysuria闭尿 urinary retention尿失禁 urinary incontinence夜间多尿 nocutria夜尿症 bed-wetting ; enuresis混浊尿 cloudy (turbid) urine血尿 bloody urine ; hematuria性欲 se
76、xual desire ; libido52性交 sexual intercourse ; coitus ; coition杨萎 impotence勃起 erection射精 ejaculation早泄 premature ejaculation遗精 pollution梦遗 nocturnal pollution(emission); wet dream包茎 phimosis ; tightening of the foreskin (prepuce)割礼 circumcision性病 veneral disease (V.D.)月经 menstruation ; menses ; perio
77、ds ; menstrual periods初潮 menarche ; onset of menses停经 menopause更年期 climacteric ; changeof life痛经 dysmenorrhea ; painful menstruation无月经 amenorrhea ; missed periods月经过多 menrrhagia ; hypermenorrhea ; excessive bleeding; excessive flow白带 vaginal discharge阴道出血 vaginal bleeding少量时 yaginal spoting子宫出血 met
78、rorrhagia ; uterine bleeding妊娠 pregnancy ; conception53怀孕 conceive ; be pregnant不妊 sterility ; barrenness ; infertility ; inability to conceive流产 abortion ; miscarriage ;人工流产 induced abortion避孕 contraception; birth control避孕药 contraceptive阵痛 labor生产 分娩 childbirth ; delivery ; give birth to ; be deli
79、vered坐月子 childbed ; confinement; pueriperium ; puerperal period孕吐 morning sickness ; nausea and vomiting of pregancy骨关节与肌肉系统脱臼 joint ; dislocation ; be dislocated be out of joint ; be put out of joint扭伤 sprain挫伤 sprain (twist ; wrench )关节炎 arthritis风湿症 theumatism痛风 gout (gaut)关节痛 arthralgia ; joint
80、pain变形 deformity骨折 fracture石膏 cast ; plaster of Paris义腿(肢) artificial limb54肌肉痛 muscle pain ; myalgia ; sore muscle扭筋 strain ; sprain肩坚硬 stiffness in a shoulder ; a stiff shoulder ; a cramp in the calf ; leg cramp抽筋 have a cramp ; be cramped肌肉压痛 tenderness of muscle ; muscular tenderness精神与神经系统意识混浊
81、clouding of consciousness丧失意识 loss of consciousness ; unconsciousness恢复意识 recover consciousness昏厥 fainting ; syncope昏睡 soma昏迷 stupor嗜睡 somnolence ;sleepiness; drowiness ; lethargy错乱 confusion ; distracted ; distraught胆妄的 delirious幻觉 hallucination痉挛 convulsion ; cramp ; spasm癫痫 epilepsy半身不遂 be paraly
82、zed on one side ; become hemiplegic肌无力 muscular weakness步行困难 difficulty in walking说话不清 speak thickly55蹒跚 stagger ; reel ; falter ; walk zigzag ; walk with an unsteady gait; reel along肌肉萎缩 atrophy of muscle左手性 left-handedness右手性 right-handedness运动失调 ataxia无感觉 loss of sensation ; numbness ; anesthesia
83、失去感觉 become numb ; loss sensibility知觉过敏 hypersthesia知觉迟钝 hypesthesia知觉异常 paresthesia神经质 nervousness ; sensitive ; touchy神经衰弱 nervous breaksown意志消沉 depressed ; in low spirits情绪佳 in good mood ; cheerful ; euphoric情绪不稳定 unstable ; labile capricious易受刺激 excitable ; easily excited ; irritable不安的 anxious
84、; apprehensive ; uneasy内向的人 introvert外向的人 extrovert健忘 be forgetful ; have a poor memory漠不关心 indifferent ; nonchalant ; unconcerned自卑感 inferiority complex56歇斯底里病 hysteria眼耳鼻咽喉视力丧失 lose ones sight 9eyesight) ; become blind失明 loss of vision ; blindness视力减退 impairment of visual acuity ; impaired vision
85、; fogglness (dimness) of vision ; poor (defective) vision ; blurring近视 near-sightedness ; myopia myopy远视 far-sightedness ; hypermetrope ; hyperope折射异常 refractive error乱视 astigmatism斜视 strabismus ; squint复视 diplopia ; double vision夜盲 night-blindness ; nyctalopia盲点 scotoma ; blind spot眼睛疲劳 eyestrain流泪
86、过多 overflow of tears异物感 foreign body sensation ; a feeling of something ; grittiness ; sandiness怕光 photophoia ; abnormal intolerance of light ; inability to stand light结膜炎 conjunctivitis砂眼 trachoma听力减退 impaired hearing ; decreased hearing ; loss of hearing重听 be hard of hearing57耳聋 deaf耳鸣 ringing of
87、ears ; tinnitus耳痛 earache ; otalgia耳垢 cerumen ; erawax ;中耳炎 otitis media ; inflammation of the middle ear流鼻水 snivel ; run at the nose ; have a running nose ;鼻伤风 sniffles ; snuffles ; head cold ; coryza擤鼻涕 blow the nose ;鼻声 a nasal voice鼻塞 nasal obstruction ; nasal stuffiness ; nasal blockage ; nasal
88、 congestion鼻出血 nosebleed ; bleeding from the nose ; nasal hemorrhage ; epistaxis鼻炎 rhinitis扁桃 tonsil扁桃炎 tonsillitis齿痛 toothache蛀齿 decayed tooth ; dental caries ; tooth caries ; tooth cavity义齿 an artificial tooth装假牙 wear false teeth (a denture)无齿 toothless ; edentulous掉齿 lose a tooth ; come out拔齿 pul
89、l out ; extract a tooth齿龈 gums ; gingiva58皮肤发疹 eruption ; rash ; exanthema ; exanthem湿疹 eczema荨麻疹 urticaria ; hives胎记 birth mark(红斑)青斑 bruise黑斑 mole水泡 welt ; wheal ;wale头皮屑 dandruff ; scurf痂 scab ; curst ; slough丘疹 pimple ; acne香港脚 athletes foot ; ringworm of the feet痱子 prickly heat ; heat rash龟裂 ch
90、aps ; cracks糜烂 sore ; erosion ; festering疣 warts冻疮 chilblain ; festering尿布疹 diaper rash黄癣 favus ; scaldhead脓泡 impetigo雀斑 freckles晒斑 sunburn59骚养 itching ; pruritus骚养伤 scratch生脓 fester ; form pus ; suppurate渗出 exude ;ooze ; weep股擦伤 have a thigh sore (chafing in the groin)脱毛 loss of hair ; falling-out
91、of hair多毛症 hirsutism无毛 hairless ; bald ;秃头 baldness ; bald- headedness秃头症 alopecia十、诊断用具stethoscope 听诊器sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff) 血压计thermometer 体温计ophthalmoscope 捡眼镜otoscope 耳镜laryngeal mirror 喉镜flashlight 手电统tongue depressor (tongue blade) 压舌板hammer (percussion hammer ; reflex hammer) 叩诊锤tuning fork 音叉tape measure 卷尺60scale (ruler) 尺loupe (magnifying glass ; hand lens) 放大镜rubber gloves 橡胶手套finger cot 指套vaginal speculum 阴道镜61
