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1、The United KingdomUnit 2Section Learning about Language Unit 2课内要点探究课内要点探究 2课堂达标验收课堂达标验收3课课 时时 作作 业业 4课前新知预习课前新知预习1课前新知预习课前新知预习.补全短语1quarrel with sb. _ sth. 因为某事与某人争吵2take the _ of 代替3break _ (机器)损坏；破坏4be furnished _ 配备有5_ description 难以描述6leave _ 剩下7_ photographs 拍照8look _ 看上去相似答案：1.over2.place3.do
2、wn4.with5.beyond6.over7take8.alike.用所给单词的正确形式填空1Before she came to England, she had seldom heard a single English word _ (speak)2When his wife returned, the husband found her beautiful long hair _ (cut)3I am pleased to see the problem _ (settle) so soon.4_ (walk) along the street, I found many of th
3、e shops _ (crowd) with people.5Tom had his left leg _ (break) while playing football.6The students were told to have their homework _ (hand) in before class.7I have had my bike _ (repair)，and Ill have someone _ (repair) my phone tomorrow.8John rushed out in a hurry, _ (leave) the door _ (unlock)答案：1
4、.spoken2.cut3.settled4.Walking；crowded5.broken6.handed7.repaired；repair8.leaving；unlocked课内要点探究课内要点探究1.description n. 描写，描绘，形容Berlin sounds fascinating from your description.从你的叙述来看，柏林好像是个迷人的城市。Ill need a full description of the stolen property.我需要一份被窃财产的完整描述的报告。I gave them a description of my car.我
5、给他们形容了一下我的汽车。give sb. a brief description of.向某人简要地描述beyond description难以描述；无法形容give/make a description of.对加以描述describe v. 描述，描写，叙述，形容descriptive adj.描述的；叙述的知识拓展The lady was beautiful beyond description.那位女士漂亮得难以形容。Can you give a description of your hometown?你能描述一下你的家乡吗？The book is full of descript
6、ive passages.这本书充满了描写性的段落。活学活用(1)用恰当形式填空Tom gave a detailed _(describe)of his lost car to the police.答案：description句意：汤姆向警方详细地描述了他那辆丢失的车。description表示“描述”，符合句意。(2)完成句子作者开头先描写了那个地区。The writer began with_ _ _ _ _.孩子们被要求观看那幅画并描述他们所看到的东西。Children were asked to look at the painting and_ _ _ _.答案：a descri
7、ption of the areadescribe what they saw2furnished adj.配备好装备的；带家具的You will live in a town close to the countryside in England in a furnished house with all modern convenience.你将住在一座配有所有现代便利设施的房子里，这座房子位于英国靠近乡下的一个小镇上。The factory is well furnished with modern equipment.这家工厂现代化设备齐全。furnish vt.为配备家具，布置fur
8、nish A with Bfurnish B to A 为A提供Bfurnish sth. with sth.为(房屋等)提供家具，用家具布置(房屋等)furniture nU家具(总称)a piece of furniture 一件家具知识拓展活学活用(1)补全句子这个房间里摆放了最简单的生活必需品：一张床、一把椅子和一张桌子。The room_ _ _the simplest essentials：a bed，a chair and a table.答案：was furnished with(2)用恰当形式填空With the price of goods increasing, peop
9、le have to spend a lot of money _(furnish)the new flat.答案：furnishing句意：随着物价的上涨，人们要花很多钱来装修新居。spend some money(in) doing sth.“花钱做某事”。3possibility nU可能，可能性C可能发生的事，常用复数表示。Is there any possibility of our getting there in time?我们还能及时赶到那里吗？possible adj.可能的impossible adj.不可能的possibly adv.可能地There is a/no po
10、ssibility that. 有/没有可能知识拓展比较网站possible，probable & likelypossible强调客观上有可能，但也常常暗示“实际上希望很小”，常用的句式为“It is possible for sb. to do sth.”或“It is possiblethat从句”。作表语时不能用人作主语。probable主要用来指有根据、合情理、值得相信的事，带有“大概，很可能”的意味，语气较possible强。常用的句式为“It is probable从句”。作表语时不用人或不定式作主语。likely侧重从表面看，“某事很有可能发生”，与probable意思相近。既
11、可用人也可用物作主语。常用句式为：“It is likelythat从句”或“Sb. be likely to do sth.”但不能说：It is likely for sb. to do sth.。She is very likely to ring me tonight.她今晚很可能给我打电话。Rain is possible, but not probable this evening.今晚可能有雨，但不一定下。活学活用(1)用possible/probable/likely填空He always keeps his promises so it is_that he will com
12、e.He is_to come by bike.It is_for him to help. He is free today.答案：probablelikelypossible(2)补全句子毕竟，当我为人生选择一个方向时，也失去了(选择)其他方向的可能性。After all，when I choose one direction in life，I lose _ _ _another.答案：the possibility of4arrange v.(1)筹备，安排Can I arrange an appointment for Monday?我可以安排星期一约见吗？Have you arra
13、nged to meet him?你安排好去见他了吗？Ive arranged that we can borrow their car.我已经说好了，我们可以借用他们的车。(2)整理，布置，排列Ive arranged my CDs in alphabetical order.我把我的激光唱片按字母顺序排好了。She arranged the flowers in a vase.她把花瓶中的花插好。arrange sth. for sb.为某人安排某事arrange (for sb.) to do sth.安排(某人)做某事arrange for sth.安排某事arrange with s
14、b. to do sth.与某人约定做某事It is/was arrangedthatclause约定；安排make arrangements for安排好知识拓展I arranged with Mary to meet at 8 oclock.我和玛丽约定八点见面。Ive arranged for a window cleaner to come on Saturday.我已安排好窗户清洁工周六来。活学活用补全句子我们已安排苏的一个女朋友把她带回家。Weve_ _a girlfriend of Sues to take her home.答案：arranged forarrange for
15、sb.to do sth.是“安排某人做某事”之意，arrange不能跟双宾语，也不能跟复合宾语。5fold v.(1)sth.(up)|sth.(back, down, over etc.)折叠，对折(纸、织物等)Fold the letter (in two)before putting it in the envelope.把信(对)折起来再装入信封。(2)(sth.)(away/down)折小，叠平，可折小，可叠平(以便储存或携带)Does this table fold?这张桌子可以折叠吗？(3)A in B|B round/around/over A包，裹 He folded th
16、e pills in a piece of paper.他用纸包住药丸。(4)(up)倒闭；停演；结束 The company folded (up) last week.那家公司上星期倒闭了。图解助记注意：反义词：unfold vt.展开，打开；显示，显露The captain unfolded the map and stared at it for a long time.船长展开地图并且凝视良久。活学活用(1)用恰当形式填空Can you fold_ the chairs while I clean the floor?答案：upfold up“折叠起来”。句意：你能在我清洗地板时把这
17、些椅子折起来吗？(2)完成句子沿这条线把纸折起来。_ _ _along the line.答案：Fold the paper1.take the place of 代替She couldnt attend the meeting so her assistant took her place.她不能参加会议，所以她的助手代她出席。Computers have taken the place of typewriters in most offices.在大多数办公室里，电脑已经取代了打字机。take ones placetake the place of代替；替代take sb.s place
18、take sb.s seat就座；入座；名副其实take place(尤指根据计划或安排)发生；进行in place of代替；取代in place在合适的地方；在正确的位置；准备妥当知识拓展活学活用用take place，take the place of，take ones place, in place of或instead of的适当形式填空(1)Electric trains _ steam engine trains in England.(2)Mr Li is ill, so Ill give you lessons _ him.(3)Great changes _ in Chi
19、na since 1978.(4)In warm weather she often reads under a tree _ in the library.(5)“Please _， everyone，” said John. “From now on, I will _ Mr George as chairman of the meeting.”答案：(1)have taken the place of(2)in place of/instead of(3)have taken place(4)instead of(5)take your place；take the place of2p
20、ick up(1)拾起，捡起She picked up a stone and threw it at the window.她捡起一块石头朝窗户扔去。(2)收拾，整理Will you pick up all your toys?你把玩具都收起来好吗？(3)取物；接人Pick me up at the hotel.到旅馆来接我。(4)收听到We picked up radio signals for help from the damaged plane.我们接到那架发生故障的飞机发出的无线电求救信号。(5)获得，得到；买到；学会She picked up Spanish when she w
21、as living in Mexico.她旅居墨西哥时顺便学会了西班牙语。(6)(使)重新开始We picked up the conversation after an interruption.我们的谈话被打断后又重新开始了。活学活用(1)用恰当介词填空Did you watch the football match last night?No, there was something wrong with my TV and it couldnt pick_any programs.答案：up(2)Kathy pick_a lot of French by playing with th
22、e native boys and girls.答案：up3break down(1)(机器或车辆)出故障，坏掉His car broke down on the way to work this morning.今天上午在上班的路上他的车抛锚了。(2)失败The peace talks are said to have broken down.和谈据说已经失败了。(3)被搞垮，垮掉Her health broke down under the pressure of work.工作的压力把她的身体弄垮了。(4)情不自禁哭起来Peter broke down and cried when hi
23、s mother died.彼得的母亲去世时，他不禁失声痛哭。图解助记活学活用真题改编(1)(2014天津，13)The two countries are going to meet to break _ some barriers to trade between them.答案：down句意：两个国家将要见面来打破两国之间的障碍来进行贸易。break down“打破，分解”。(2)(2013福建，28)Oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks _ _in disasters.答案：break down考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当
24、无线网络在灾难中出故障时，老式手机就很关键了。break down“坏了；出故障”。过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词可以在“主语谓语宾语宾补”句型中担任宾补。1作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系1)由及物动词转化而来的过去分词担任宾语补足语时，与宾语在逻辑上构成被动关系。They once heard the song sung in English.他们曾听见有人用英文唱那首歌。I find some students in this school often punished by the teachers.我发现这所学校的学生经常被老师惩罚。2)少数不及物动词如 go, change,
25、fall等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。She found her necklace gone on her way home.在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。In fall, you will find the leaves changed from green to brown.秋天，你会发现树叶由绿色变成褐色。3)动词 seat, hide, dress等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状态而不表示被动的意义。When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner.我
26、进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。I noticed her dressed in black today.我注意到她今天穿了一身黑。2过去分词作宾语补足语的常见结构1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词。此类词有：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice, feel，find, think, suppose, consider等。The next morning, people found the world outside their houses completely changed.第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了
27、样。I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now.刚才我看见一个老人被车撞倒了。2)使役动词。此类词有：have, get, make, leave, keep, hold等。What made them so frightened?什么使他们这样害怕？If you go on making such mistakes, youll get fired.如果你继续犯这样的错误，你会被解雇的。3)表示“使保持某种状态”意义的连系动词。此类词有leave，keep，remain等。He passed away, leaving his works
28、unfinished.他去世了，留下著作还没写完。Dont keep your mouth shut when I ask you a question.我问你问题时不要闭口不语。4)表示“希望、要求、命令”的动词。此类词有：like, want, wish, order等。He wont like such questions discussed at the meeting.他不喜欢在会议上讨论这类问题。The students wish the serial TV plays continued.学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。5)“with宾语过去分词”结构。这一结构通常在句中作时间、
29、方式、条件、原因等状语。With water heated, we can see the steam.水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。(表条件) With the matter settled, we all went home.事情得到解决，我们都回家了。(表原因) The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。注意：在这一结构中，当宾语为某一身体部位，且作宾补的动词是及物动词时，身体部位通常是过去分词的逻辑宾语，因而过去分词不可换用现在分词。She stood in f
30、ront of him, with her eyes fixed on his face.她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他的脸。(fix ones eyes on为固定短语，因此，不可将句中 fixed换为 fixing) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。3“使役动词 have宾语过去分词”的几种含义在“have宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语， have也可用 get。这一结构具有以下几种含义：1)意为“主语请别人做某事”。I usually have my clothes washed on
31、Sundays. I dont wash my clothes myself.我通常在星期天洗衣服，但不是我自己洗。 2)意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。She had her arm broken in an accident.在事故中，她的胳膊弄断了。3)意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成。He had the walls painted this morning.他今早把墙漆了。4过去分词、现在分词和不定式作宾补的区别现在分词作宾补宾语和补语之间是主谓关系，其动作与谓语动作同时进行。过去分词作宾补宾语和补语之间是动宾关系，其动作先于谓语动作发生。
32、不定式作宾补表示一个完成的动作或表示在一个很短的时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。高考真题改编用恰当形式填空1(2014四川，5)The manager was satisfied to see many new products _(develop)after great effort.答案：developed考查非谓语动词。句意：经理很高兴地看到在作出了很大的努力后，许多新产品被开发了。由语境可知，此处是“see宾语宾语补足语”这一结构；宾语 many new products与develop之间为动宾关系，故要用过去分词作宾语补足语。2(2014北京，35)The film star
33、wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without _(recognize)答案：being recognized 考查动名词的用法。recognize“认出”，为及物动词，且与句子主语he构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动形式。句意：那位电影明星戴着太阳镜。因此，他去购物的时候就不会被认出来了。3(2013北京，29)When we saw the road _(block) with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.答案：blocked考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们看到道路被大
34、雪堵住的时候，我们决定在家度假。分析结构可知，此处是“see宾语宾语补足语”结构；宾补是do，表示“看见宾语干某事的过程”；宾补是doing，指“看见宾语正在干某事”；若宾语与宾补之间为动宾关系，则要用过去分词作宾补。分析结构可知，此处宾语the road与block之间为动宾关系，故用blocked作宾补。4(2012四川，12)Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _(wash)答案：washed考查非谓语动词。get后跟复合宾语，宾语是car，与宾补wash之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。句意：在开
35、车进城市之前，按要求你要把你的车洗干净。5(2014江西，34)He is thought _(act)foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.答案：to have acted考查非谓语动词。句意：他被认为行为愚蠢，现在，除了他自己没有人该为他失去工作负责了。sb./ sth. be thought 后接不定式作主补。又由他现在失去工作可知他行为愚蠢是发生在过去的事情，导致他失去工作，所以要用不定式的完成式。专项练习.句型转换(1)Those plants are not suitable for
36、 that part of the garden. They must be pulled up.Those plants are not suitable for that part of the garden. I must _ them _ _.(2)Though Ive learnt English for years, I still cant make people understand me quite well.Though Ive learnt English for years, I still cant make _ _ quite well.(3)Ill just wa
37、sh the dishes and then Ill come.Ill just _ the dishes _ and then Ill come.(4)I wont hear anyone say anything against him behind his back.I wont hear anything _ against him behind his back.(5)The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make people hear him.The speaker raised his voice but still co
38、uldnt make _ _.答案：(1)have；pulled up(2)myself understood(3)get/have；washed(4)said(5)himself heard.用恰当形式填空(1)To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _( speak)as much as we can.答案：spokenEnglish和speak之间为逻辑上的被动关系，过去分词表示被动，故用spoken作宾语补足语。句意为“为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能抓住一切机会听别人讲英语”。(2)Telev
39、ision has many advantages. It keeps us _(inform)about the _(late)news and also provides entertainment at home.答案：informed; latestus与inform之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故使用过去分词作宾补； latest是形容词，意思是“最近的”。句意为“电视有很多好处。它可使我们了解最近的新闻，也提供家庭娱乐”。(3)They found the lecture hard _(understand)答案：to understand句意：这个讲座很难懂。形容词后应跟动词不定式的主
40、动形式，故填to understand。(4)Good morning. Can I help you?Id like to have this package _(weigh), madam.答案：weighedhave sth. done为固定用法，意思是“让某事被(别人)做”，其中过去分词作宾语补足语。(5)The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _(carry)out the next year.答案：carried本句中see的宾语为that，代指的是the plan，the plan与carry out
41、之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。句意为“经理们讨论了他们希望看到明年被执行的那项计划”。课堂达标验收课堂达标验收.单词拼写1I often q_ with my sister when we were young, but now we get on very well with each other.2They married last month but I didnt attend their w_.3One p_ two is three.4Can I a_ an appointment for Tuesday?5She f_ the letter in half a
42、nd put it into her pocket.6He gave a _ (描述) of what he had seen.7I want to possess a _ (带家具的) room.8There is a good _ (可能) of rain tonight.9The countries are _ (类似的；相同的) in wanting their own systems to continue.10The painting comes from his private _ (收藏品)答案：1.quarrelled/quarreled2.wedding3.plus4.ar
43、range5folded6.description7.furnished8.possibility9.alike10collection.根据汉语意思完成句子1当她从商店回来时，她发现她的杯子被打破了。When she came back from the shop, she _.2你的头发太长了，我认为你现在应该去理发。Your hair is too long. I think you should _ now.3公司会安排一辆出租车去机场接你。The company will _ to meet you at the airport.4如今塑料已取代了许多材料。Now plastics _ many materials.答案：1.found her cup broken2.have it cut3.arrange for a taxi4.have taken the place of
