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1、第14讲八年级(下)Units 910山西专用山西专用1society(n.) (adj.)社会的2memory(n.) (v.)记忆；回忆3scarf(n.)_ (pl.)围巾；披巾；头巾4truth(n.) (adj.)诚实的；真实的5collect(v.) (n.)一系列搜集物；收藏品 (n.)收集人；收藏家6make(v.) (n.)生产者；制订者7consider(v.) (过去式/过去分词) (现在分词)注视；仔细考虑 (n.)考虑8hold(v.) (过去式/过去分词)拥有；抓住socialmemorizescarves/scarfstruthfulcollectioncolle
2、ctormakerconsideredconsideringconsiderationheld9perfect(adj.) (n.)完美10rapid(adj.) (adv.)迅速地；快速地11usual(adj.) (反义词)特别的；不寻常的12many(adj.) (最高级)最多的 (adv.)主要地；通常13most(adj.) (adv.)主要地；大多数地14certain(adj.) (adv.)无疑，确定，肯定15honest(adj.) (反义词)不老实的；不诚实的 (n.)诚实；正直16especial(adj.) (adv.)尤其；特别；格外17it(pron.) (形容词性
3、物主代词)它的 (名词性物主代词) (反身代词)它自己perfectionrapidlyunusualmostmainlymostlycertainlydishonesthonestyespeciallyitsitsitself1游乐场_2茶艺_3茶具_4两个，一对，几个_5数以千计的，许许多多的_6一方面另一方面_7全年_8庭院拍卖会_9面包机_10软体玩具，布绒玩具_amusement parktea arttea seta couple ofthousands ofon the one hand.on the other hand.all year aroundyard salebrea
4、d makersoft toy11查看，观察_12棋类游戏_13初级中学_14清理，丢掉_15不再，不复_16放弃，交出(尤指不舍得的东西)_17至于，关于_18说实在的_19依据，按照_20几乎，接近_check outboard gamejunior high schoolclear outno longerpart withas forto be honestaccording toclose to1_a science museum？你去过科学博物馆吗？2I _the inventions that _color movies，too.我还了解了一些发明，它们成就了彩色电影。3Ive
5、_ camping.我从未野营过。4I _computers will be able to do in the future.我想知道将来电脑还能多做些什么事情。5It also _governments and social groups _ways to improve toilets in the future.它也鼓励政府和社会团体想出办法，以便未来改进厕所。Have you ever been tolearned/learnt aboutled tonever beenwonder how much moreencouragesto think about6_is just as
6、enjoyable as _看沏茶的过程和饮茶本身一样令人愉快。7On the one hand，_the population are Chinese，so you can simply speak Putonghua a lot of the time.一方面，超过四分之三的人口是华人，因此大多时候你都可以说普通话。8Ive _this magazine for _months.这本杂志我买了几个月了。9. _，but I just dont have the time.实在是遗憾，但我就是没有时间10We _to each sell five things that we _use.我们
7、已经决定每人出售五件不再使用的物品。Watching the tea preparationdrinking the tea itselfmore than three quarters ofhada couple ofIts a shamehave decidedno longer谈论过去的经历(Talk about past experiences)1Have you ever been to a science museum?Yes，Ive been to a science museum./No，Ive never been to a science museum.2Have you
8、ever visited the space museum?Yes，I have.I went there last year./No，I havent.3Ive never been to a water park.Me neither.谈论所有物和周围的事物(Talk about possessions and things around you)1How long have you had that bike over there?Ive had it for three years.2Have you ever played football?Yes，I did when I was
9、little，but I havent played for a while now.1现在完成在完成时 (含含been，ever，never)(见本本书P193)2现在完成在完成时(含含since，for)(见本本书P193) three quarters【典例在线】【典例在线】Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.地球表面的四分之三是海洋。地球表面的四分之三是海洋。Two thirds of the new students are from No.1 Middle School.三三分分之之二二的的新新生生来来自自第一中学。第一
10、中学。【拓展精析】【拓展精析】three quarters四四分分之之三三。英英语语中中分分数数的的表表示示法法为为：分分子子分分母母。通通常常分分子子是是基基数数词词，分分母母是是序序数数词；若若分分子子大大于于一一，则分分母母用用复复数数形形式式。如如1/5 one fifth，4/5 four fifths。若若表表示示“中中的的几几分分之之几几”，常常用用“分分数数of名名词”结构构，此此结构作主构作主语时，谓语动词与名与名词在数上保持一致。在数上保持一致。【活学活用】1)Its said that _of the water around the world polluted.(20
11、15，随州)Atwo thirds；hasBtwo thirds；isCtwo third；are Dtwo thirds；haveBwhenever【典例在线】You can ask for help whenever you need it.无论何时你需要帮助都可以提出来。Whatever you say，Ill believe you.无论你说什么，我都相信你。Whoever telephones，tell him (her) Im out.不管是谁打电话，告诉他(她)我出去了。【拓展精析】whenever意为“在任何时候；无论何时”，与no matter when同义。作连词可引导让步
12、状语从句。类似的词还有whatever(无论什么)，wherever(无论哪里)，whoever(无论谁)等。【活学活用】2)Kates dad is getting old.She will go back home to see him _it is convenient.Abecause BalthoughCwhenever DunlessCregard【典例在线】She regards the books as good friends.她把书看作是(她的)好朋友。【拓展精析】regard意为“将认为；把视为”。常见用法有regard sb./sth.as.表示“将某人/某物看作”。【
13、活学活用】3)史蒂芬霍金把他的许多身体问题看得不重要。Stephen Hawking _his many physical problems _unimportant.regardsasespecially【典例在线】Flowers are always welcomed，especially in winter.鲜花总是受到欢迎，尤其是在冬天。【拓展精析】especially副词，意为“尤其；特别；格外”，在句中常用作状语，用于列举某个特例或某事物的特殊性。其形容词形式为especial，意为“特别的；特殊的”。【活学活用】4)Be careful when you are driving，
14、 _in a rainstorm like this.(2015，鄂州)Thanks，I will.Aseriously BexactlyCespecially DprobablyCIve never been to a water park.我从来没有去过水上公园。Me neither.我也没去过。【典例在线】She doesnt like playing basketball.她不喜欢打篮球。Me neither.我也不喜欢。He can speak English.他会讲英语。Me too.我也会。【拓展精析】Me neither意为“我也不”。表示前一句所陈述的否定情况也适用于后者时，
15、可用此简略形式。Me too意为“我也一样”。表示前一句所陈述的肯定情况也适用于后者时，可用此简略形式。【活学活用】1)He didnt finish his homework yesterday._(我也没有。)Me neitherAmong these is Zhong Wei，a 46yearold husband and father.钟伟，一位46岁的丈夫兼父亲，就是其中的一位。【典例在线】Tom is a 10yearold boy.Tom is a boy of 10 years old.汤姆是一个10岁的男孩。【拓展精析】46yearold是一个复合形容词，在句中作定语。这种复
16、合形容词有两个特点：一是数词、名词、形容词之间要用连字符连接，二是数词后的名词用单数形式。另一种类似的复合形容词作定语的结构是：数词连字符名词(单数)。【活学活用】2)The park is far away from here indeed.Its about _walk.(2014，苏州)Aa three hour Ba three hoursCa threehours Da threehour3)We have a _ holiday every National Day.(2015，白银)A3 days B3daysC3day D3 daysDCI have had this bike
17、 for three years.这辆自行车我已经买了三年了。【典例在线】She has worked here for five years.她在这儿已经工作五年了。He has been in the army for two years.他参军已经两年了。【拓展精析】在现在完成时中，与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时，谓语动词通常用延续性动词。如：learn，be，work，teach，keep，have等。【活学活用】4)How long _you English?Just for five weeks.Awill；learn Bdid；learnCare；learning Dhave；l
18、earned5)Look at these stamps.I _ them for five years.Wow，they are wonderful.Akept Bhave keptChave bought DboughtDBhave/has been to，have/has gone to与have/has been in【典例在线】I have never been to Shannxi History Museum.我从来都没有去过陕西历史博物馆。Wheres Kathy？凯西在哪里？Shes gone to Shanghai.她去上海了。He has been in Beijing
19、for ten years.他在北京有十年了。【拓展精析】have been to“曾经去过，人已经回来了”，常与ever或never连用，也可与表示次数的词连用，表示“去过(某地)几次”。have gone to“去了”，在去某地的路上或已经在某地，人还未回来，只能用于第三人称。have been in“已经在(某地)”，常与一段时间连用。【活学活用】1)Where is Mr.Wang?He together with his students _Zhuyuwan Park.(2014，扬州)Ahas gone to Bhave gone toChas been to Dhave been
20、 to2)Have you ever been to Tokyo?Yes，I _ there twice.Its a modern city.Ahave gone Bhave beenChad goneABsince与for【典例在线】My aunt has worked in a bank since 1992.自从1992年以来我姑姑就在一家银行工作。I have been in Beijing since I left home.自从离开家我就在北京了。Weve known each other for more than two years.我们认识彼此两年多了。【拓展精析】现在完成时
21、常和since及for引导的时间状语连用。since之后常接过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日、钟点)；一段时间ago；从句(从句多用一般过去时)来说明动作起始时间。for之后常接时间段，说明某种情况已经持续了一段时间。句中的谓语动词应用延续性动词。在现在完成时的句中，对一段时间提问，常用how long。【活学活用】3)How long have you lived in the new flat?_ 2012.AIn BAfter CSince DBefore4)It is two years _ I became a postgraduate(研究生)Afor Bsince Ctill
22、DfromCBwhether与与if【典例在线】I dont know whether/if she can work out the problem.我不知道她是否能算出这道难题。I dont know whether or not I should go.我不知道我应不应该去。If it doesnt rain tomorrow，we will go camping.如果明天不下雨，我们将去野营。If I were a bird，I would fly in the sky.如果我是一只鸟，我会在空中翱翔。【拓展精析】二者都可以引导宾语从句。意为“是否”，一般情况下可互换使用。二者在引导宾
23、语从句时，whether可直接与or not连用，而if不可以。if可以引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，但whether不可以。if还可用于虚拟语气中，但whether不可以。【活学活用】【活学活用】5)Learning to write is learning to think.You will know things more clearly _ you write them down.(2015，武威武威)Aor BunlessCif Dwhether6)Im not sure _ there are living things on other planets or not.Awhether BwhereCwhy Dif C A
