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1、 语法专项：虚拟语气语法专项：虚拟语气窄环篆祷秋柄谷蛛敏棕逸松杆邢藤芝阀茄活氢杨狱煤英皋次简图榴庇睫讫语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气与现在相反与现在相反if条件句条件句实实义义动动词词过过去去式式bewere主句主句would/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形与过去相反与过去相反had+过去分词过去分词would/should/could/might+havedone与将来相反与将来相反wereto+动动词词原原形形should+动词原动词原形形would/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形狱委咽倪蓟膝武争齐沪梦途郊成悉境乎逞逆烽邓叮斥配冤籽拘闷
2、顾性鲸液语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气 1.Jeandoesntwanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe_ajob,sheprobablywouldntbeable to see her friends very often.(96.1)A.hastogetB.weretogetC.hadgotD.couldhavegotB宰向壬令刃豫煎篙温拟差宴棱互攒困酋葱赃聪石镇鞘承共稀票辅危瞒蹬札语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气7.IfIhadntstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell,you_now.(
3、99.1)A.wouldntbesmilingB.couldnthavesmiledC.wontsmileD.didntsmileA筹虑茹酮海宾喳尔入绣哑钠耍误副竞郭乡粥右箩斡到缝蚁剂遣滇涧拓竹莹语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气【语法要点】错综时间的虚拟句【语法要点】错综时间的虚拟句如如果果条条件件从从句句中中的的动动作作与与主主句句中中的的动动作作发发生生的的时时间间不不一一致致，那那么么要要根根据据不不同同的的时时间间来来调调整整动动词的形式词的形式。eg.If he had listened to me, he would nothavebeeninsuchtroublenow.如如
4、果果他他过过去去听听了了我我的的话话，现现在在他他就就不不会会陷陷入入这这样的麻烦。样的麻烦。If the criminal were honest, hed havemadeacleanbreastofthewholethinglongago.书竖菲左曰函甥耗漾颁摇衰些栗纸瀑朽颐啥忍呐两渣泵辛汀驯高耻旦专仲语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气【语法要点】省略【语法要点】省略if的虚拟句的虚拟句在在If引引导导非非真真实实条条件件从从句句中中谓谓语语动动词词部部分分含含有有were,had,should，可可省省略略if,这这时时需需将将助助动动词词were,had,should,提提到到句句
5、首首，变变成成倒倒装装结结构构。作作谓谓语语动动词词时时，也也可可以以提提到到句句首首而而省略省略if。如：。如：-WereIyou,Iwouldntdolikethat.-Haduaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldu.-Shoulditbenecessary,Iwouldgo.锑军臭污接柑颇碉饱弛圃诬麓箕骋蒙鲤欠颧瑚乾式骤淬木兵琢卑藻聂如彭语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气2. If the whole operation _ beforehand, agreatdealoftimeandmoneywouldhavebeenlost.(99.6)A.wasnotplannedB.
6、hasnotbeenplannedC. had not been planned D. were notplanned3._formyillness,Iwouldhavelenthimahelpinghand.(95.1)A.NotbeingB.HaditnotbeenC.WithoutbeingD.NothavingbeenCB查便恤更习笆邮殊醋描谜隶星剪婆硷岂撼唐在揣额劫煌差希宏叫浸优瓶僚语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气4._ before we depart the day aftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.(97.1)A
7、. Had they arrived B. Would theyarriveC.Were they arriving D. Were they toarriveD驯尧诽走属是磊痰答绣燃请溺忆醚碴设庄秃毁穴久带冲会恒免险迁檬裙赴语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气【语法要点】不使用【语法要点】不使用if的含蓄虚拟句的含蓄虚拟句此此类类句句子子的的特特点点是是虽虽然然不不使使用用if，但但有有相相当当于于if的的短短语语，最最常常用用的的形形式式包包括括由由butfor,without构构成成的的介介词词短短语语或或otherwise,or,orelse,and单独使用。如：单独使用。如：-Wit
8、houtyourhelp,wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkearlier.(如果没有你帮忙，我们不可能早点儿把这活干完。如果没有你帮忙，我们不可能早点儿把这活干完。)-Fiveminutesearlier,andyouwouldhaveseenhim.(如如果果早来五分钟，你就能见到他了。早来五分钟，你就能见到他了。)-Butforhishelp,Iwould/shouldfail.洋屋捎灭贫友盏守虱另沽基智妻巷自映鸥端崇啡岛泻赡栗衔雅晕琼识诛叉语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气Another effort, and you will/ would have suc
9、ceeded. Put on more clothes, or u would have caught cold. 菇慑噬脸贬软涪点喜贵毙挝沪柿向厦角毖弱厅沦廉溪蛔他陵浅隋暖纶唯辣语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气【语法要点】不使用【语法要点】不使用if的含蓄虚拟句的含蓄虚拟句if的同义词还有：的同义词还有：除非除非unless;假定假定/如果如果provided,providing(that),supposing/suppose(that),Giventhat,Assuming(that);如果如果onlyif,只要只要so(as)longas;以以为条件为条件onconditiontha
10、t;愿蚂鬃丑煤朗糙瘫熄曙馈袭探痔联钙饭挂晌迁抑痪细束禄砚乐析驴赤邵僚语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气-I might have done better under more favorableconditions.-Intheabsenceofkeeper,thewarehousewouldhavebeenburneddown.-Incaseof,intheeventof.病红颈沤弥竹烫咎嗓鞍貉棕睦簿亏粮调闺醉坪鸵葛弱浮舟辟裙凑避讥吹哉语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气5 We didnt know his telephone number;otherwisewe_him.(95.6)A
11、. would have telephoned B. must havetelephonedC.wouldtelephoneD.hadtelephoned6. He must have had an accident, or he _then.(90.1)A.wouldhavebeenhereB.hadtobehereC.shouldbehere D.wouldbehereAA淬剃刚玛面厘滑百单疥羽沈镶蚊蒲狄蛇条度锨蹈大雅乎肉渊迎屎绸紫溪国语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气【语法要点】语法要点】wish/ifonly虚拟句虚拟句与与现现在在事事实实相相反反，动动词词变变成成一一般般过过去去式
12、式(be用用were)didIwishIknewGerman.IwishIwereabird.与与过过去去事事实实相相反反，用用过过去去完完成成进进或或could/might/would+havedoneI wish I had gone with you to the partyyesterday.IwishIcouldhavecaughtthelastbus.与将来事实相反，用与将来事实相反，用could/would/might+doIwishIcouldwalkonthemoononeday.以以上上各各句句中中Iwish都都可可以以换换成成ifonly,动动词词变变化化形形式与式与“I
13、wish”相同。相同。酋窜阔零壶奢丸扒榴婉颧上兹芯梁去鞍基慧难捍轩茫啪炎厨灸狙黑生猾箕语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气“ifonly”从从句句只只用用虚虚拟拟语语气气，而而且且其其主主句句一一般般都都省省略略，并并以以感感叹叹句句的的形形式式出出现现，表表示示“要要是是就就好好了了!”谓谓语语动动词词用用过过去去时时表表示示与与现现在在的的事事实实相相反反,用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反.LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyIhadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIhadmoney,Icouldtrav
14、elaroundtheworld!钾日猫淀径瞧恒包孕民丰溯需肃籽拱疹肾例宴梁片消涸冗查壬熊育毋刻秧语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气8.IwishI_longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.(95.6)A.couldhavesleptB.sleptC.mighthavesleptD.haveslept9.SometimesIwishI_inadifferenttimeandadifferentplace.(2000.1)A.belivingB.werelivingC.wouldliveD.wouldhavelivedAB叭氯畅泅叔丽粗佯卯
15、簿盟判剥叭弓峻凌茨灭卵抄呆磅目吊父恳荚愈括帛擞语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气10.If only the committee _ theregulationsandputthemintoeffectassoonaspossible.(97.1)A.approveB.willapproveC.canapproveD.wouldapprove11.LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyI_youradvice.(93.6)A.followB.hadfollowedC.wouldfollowD.havefollowedDB厩昧撂巨试孤捷矛箩焕袁酋林糜僚柳轮
16、内辣余耪丘机贩录饶伊雀凶泽猪富语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气【语法要点】【语法要点】wouldrather后的宾语从句后的宾语从句用用一一般般过过去去时时表表示示“宁宁愿愿某某人人现现在在做做（或或不不做做）某某事事，但但如如表表示示“宁宁愿愿某某人人过过去去做做（或或没没做做）某某事事时时，wouldrather后后则则用用过去完成时，如：过去完成时，如：Idratherhehadntdonethatyesterday.would rather 也也可可换换成成would sooner,wouldjustassoon,用法不变。用法不变。Itistime+从句从句（一般过去时）（一般过
17、去时）醇雨大思汹下喷任抗伯围铂蘸巷骸替浇汀踩促蔷乒乒抬智你通膜龟佯绸表语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气12.Tobefrank,Idratheryou_inthecase.(95.1)A.willnotbeinvolvedB.notinvolvedC.nottobeinvolvedD.werenotinvolved13. Frankly speaking, Id rather you _anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.(99.1)A.didntdoB.haventdoneC.dontdoD.havedoneDA豫胺百聋低扑秒凄棋荫摸追香位枪腻昏拘雇材籽坪钮攀赴
18、宦装荐遍良旬矿语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气14.“Youareveryselfish.Itshightimeyou_ that you are not the most importantperson in the would,” Edgar said to hisbossangrily(99.1)A.realizedB.haverealizedC.realizeD.shouldrealize15. Its already 5 oclock now. Dont youthinkitsabouttime_?(99.6)A.wearegoinghomeB.wegohomeC.wewenth
19、omeD.wecangohomeAC诸舵力俩氏寅铃玩独踩桩同撂峦辫起夺笺屿隘檀诵宦戮扁迪颤皂长稽躯馋语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气【语语法法要要点点】表表示示“要要求求，建建议议、命命令令、请请求求、安安排排、欲欲望望、想想法法”等等意意义义的的动动词词后后宾宾语语从从句句中中用用should+动动词词原原形形，should可可省省略略。常常见见的的这类动词有：这类动词有：要要求求：argue,ask,agree,demand,determine,insist,desire,require,request,maintain,beg,decree,plead,prefer,pray建建议议
20、：propose,suggest,advise,recommend,move（主张），（主张），urge命命令令：command,order,direct,prescribe（命命令令，指指 示示 ） ,resolve（ 决决 意意 ） , rule（ 裁裁 决决 ） ,stipulate（规定）（规定）.安排：安排：arrange,decide.眨乡粒颐槛碎路雪桩晾搔尾舷锐膜畦店坪其英谚动画攫赋兹配霍黑柱俐一语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气16.Wedesirethatthetourleader_usimmediately of any change in plans.(93.6)A.i
21、nformB.informsC.informedD.hasinformed17.Ascommanderinchiefofthearmedforces,Ihavedirectedthatallmeasures_forourdefense.(99.6)A.hadbeentakenB. would betakenC.betakenD.tobetakenAC绝柔收藕喝皿于赞店删搏股绵苞旺瑞贼狭倪掇输帆骨稗丝羡驹父坛服抛啪语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气【语语法法要要点点】表表示示“建建议议、请请求求、要要求求、命命令令”意意义义的的动动词词出出现现在在itis+v-ed结结构构中中，或或出出现现在
22、在同同位位语语从从句句、主主语语从从句句中中时时，其其后后仍仍然然接接（should）+动词原形。动词原形。IthasbeenintendedthatIshouldgotooneofthegreatestuniversities.打打算算让让我我上上一一所所重点大学。重点大学。休铸兄低叁闪垣珐寺喝谍寐视删帽穿夫钾立熏房奥泽劫砖汲吉额帝己诊浊语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气18. It is recommended that the project _untilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.(95.6)A.isnotstarted B. will not be
23、startedC.notbestartedD.isnottobestarted19. We are all for your proposal that thediscussion_.(98.6)A.beputoffB.wasputoffC.shouldputoff D.istoputoffCA釉顶馅蔬沫诡汁陵袱寂姻唯滔另苏妨截侣秃信凛食伊摇队掺馁泣惜窘娥做语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气【语语法法要要点点】Itis+形形容容词词+that+(should)+动词原形结构动词原形结构常见的这类形容词有：常见的这类形容词有：necessary,strange,natural,advisabl
24、e(明明智智的的 ,合合 理理 的的 ),desirable（ 理理 想想 的的 ）,preferable（更更可可取取的的）,imperative（迫迫切切的的 )important,essential,incredible,essential,natural,anxious,appropriate,better,insistent,obligatory,urgent,unthinkable【语法要点】【语法要点】Itisapity/ashame/nowonderthat(should)挣妹湿铲锅值棺嘎墒莎镁焰毕妻障缸抒蝴椅涧卢勺闪痛隐叔割论叉桨徘扮语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气20.
25、Itisessentialthattheapplicationforms_backbeforethedeadline.(90.1)A.mustbesentB.wouldbesentC.besentD.weresent21.IdontthinkitadvisablethatTom_tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.(97.6)A.isassignedB.willbeassignedC.beassignedD.hadbeenassignedCC棠庞脊茂持四史脆温续邢攫管蝇当脓歹夜洗迂难奢旦诸蛇辣权盏扳会久蚌语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气【语语法法要要点点】inca
26、se,lest,fortearthat引导引导的状语从句的状语从句此此类类句句子子的的形形式式为为should+动动词词原原形形。如如:Shetookherraincoatwithherincaseitshouldrain.He put his overcoat over the boy forfearthatheshouldcatchcold佰鸿撅诱麓澜义摊师梦蚊拢诌邯源府匿妊写码橡唐售胶赚熬乙缔斗香顷筛语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气22.Themadmanwasputinthesoft-paddedcelllesthe_himself.(98.1)A.injureB.hadinjur
27、edC.injuredD.wouldinjure23. He was punished _ he shouldmakethesamemistakeagain.(2001.6)A.unlessB.lestC.ifD.providedAB坠袭闯教肉索师玖件搓扶糊屈矩犁羹杆琅汛鹅显瘫汛砖沂孔笋博绊飘焰别语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气 【语法要点】【语法要点】“so that”和和“in order that”从句引起的虚拟语从句引起的虚拟语气气She stayed at home for a few days so that she might have more time to study.
28、She researched carefully in order that she might discover a cure for cancer.5. “lest”等连接词引起的虚拟语气等连接词引起的虚拟语气“lest, in case, for fear that, provided (that), on condition that”等连接词引起的虚拟语气等连接词引起的虚拟语气He hurried on lest she (should) meet him again.He is working hard for fear that he should/might/may fail.
29、Take this umbrella in case it (should) rain.免檀数莫呀宗藩的追厅拒悸烤浚盛枝鸟汰藐馏占兔胰吁什蹲哀蔑棵辛任令语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气 【语法要点】【语法要点】 whether类虚拟语气类虚拟语气由连词由连词whether(不管不管,无论无论,尽管尽管)所引出的状语从句所引出的状语从句,常用常用于正式语中于正式语中,其谓语用虚拟语气其谓语用虚拟语气,也就是动词原形也就是动词原形,也可省也可省略略whether和和should再半倒装再半倒装. if, though, although, even though, whatever也有此用法也
30、有此用法.Whether the figures be accurate or not, they have to be rechecked.Home is home, be it ever so homely.If he be elected president, we should all resign.Though he be reduced to poverty, he will never be dishonest.Whatever be his defense, we cannot tolerate his disloyalty.进道竣哟叙宝愈命镣就夷鄙抉铜蜘凰痒谤辉霓贱伪笔稚羽袁
31、袋蛀鱼仔虹瑰语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气【语法要点】【语法要点】expect,believe,think,suspect等等动动词词用用在在否否定定，疑疑问问形形式式时时，他他们们后后面面所所跟跟的的宾宾语语从从句句通通常常用用should/could+v.表表示示惊惊恐恐奇奇怪不满怀疑等情绪，并且不能省略怪不满怀疑等情绪，并且不能省略.E.g.Ineverthoughtthatsheshouldbesuchasophisticatedgirl.瀑耕栽梭帚饿闰厉跃宫矾津枝仓屈空踏壬过睦丹肚啸剑沪鳃矛徘毫膀矛肌语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气【语法要点】【语法要点】祝贺、祝愿别人祝贺、祝愿别人LonglivetheP.R.C.Maythefriendshipbetweenourtowpeopleslastforever!Maysuccessattendyou!Mayyoubothbehappy!Sobeit.（但愿如此就这样吧。）（但愿如此就这样吧。）Farbeitfrommeto（我极不愿）（我极不愿）spoilthefun.稼缸糊锁霄之蚌馋蹋谎绞沧么扼宗眩彤炒谚慰锯敦肚柯哗短殃属跑偿许寨语法专项一虚拟语气语法专项一虚拟语气
