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1、本章学习内容本章学习内容Chapter 3 Traction Motors and Controllers 牵引电动机与控制器牵引电动机与控制器本章学习目标本章学习目标本章难点重点本章难点重点3.1 Types of Traction Motors 牵引电动机的类型牵引电动机的类型3.2 Construction and Principle 结构与原理结构与原理3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机电动机控制系统控制系统3.4 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试 1.1.掌握重要的牵引电动机和控制器的基本英文术语；掌握重要
2、的牵引电动机和控制器的基本英文术语；2.2.掌握牵引电动机和控制器的结构、原理和维护；掌握牵引电动机和控制器的结构、原理和维护；3.3.了解牵引电动机和控制器维护了解牵引电动机和控制器维护1.1.重点：电机结构及控制原理，英文专业术语；重点：电机结构及控制原理，英文专业术语；2.2.难点：基本术语难点：基本术语回顾回顾3.1 Types of Traction Motors 牵引电动机的类型牵引电动机的类型Two types of electric motor are commonly used in electric vehicles: direct current (DC) motor a
3、lternating current (AC) motor 3.2 Construction and Principle 结构与原理结构与原理 Permanent magnet brushless DC motor AC asynchronous motor AC synchronous motor3.1 Types of Traction Motors 牵引电动机的类型牵引电动机的类型armature winding电枢枢绕组asynchronous AC motor异步交流异步交流电动机机excitation current励磁励磁电流流field winding磁磁场绕组motor ve
4、hicle汽汽车，机，机动车ohmic loss电阻阻损耗耗3.1 Types of Traction Motors 牵引电动机的类型牵引电动机的类型passenger vehicle乘用乘用车，载客客车辆permanent magnet永久磁永久磁铁power plant发电厂，厂，动力力装置装置series-wound DC motor串励式直流串励式直流发电机机synchronous AC motor同步交流同步交流电动机机提问提问oWhat are the two types of motor? 电动机分为哪两种类电动机分为哪两种类型？型？oWhat are the types of
5、motors commonly used in electric vehicles?电动汽车常用的电动机分有哪几种类型？电动汽车常用的电动机分有哪几种类型？oWhat are the main components of the basic structure of electric motor used in electric vehicles? 电动汽车用电动机的基本结构主要由哪些部件构成？电动汽车用电动机的基本结构主要由哪些部件构成？armature windingasynchronous AC motorexcitation currentfield windingpermanent
6、magnetseries-wound DC motor提问提问本次课学习内容本次课学习内容Chapter 3 Traction Motors and Controllers 牵引电动机与控制器牵引电动机与控制器本次课学习目标本次课学习目标本章难点重点本章难点重点3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机电动机控制系统；控制系统；3.4 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试 1.1.掌握电动机控制器的功能、基本原理；掌握电动机控制器的功能、基本原理；2.2.了解电动机控制器维护；了解电动机控制器维护；3. 3. 掌握相关英文术语掌
7、握相关英文术语1.1.重点：控制器构成原理及相关英文专业术语；重点：控制器构成原理及相关英文专业术语；2.2.难点：基本术语难点：基本术语3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统New Words and Phrasesamplitudempltju:dn.振幅振幅collectorklekt(r)n.集集电极极emittermt n.发射极射极rectifyrektfavt.整流整流spikespakn.峰，尖峰，峰，尖峰，尖端尖端synchronize skrnazvt.使同步使同步transformertrnsf:m(r)
8、n.变压器器3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统boost converter升升压转换器器current driver电流流驱动器器DC-to-DC converter直流直流-直流直流转换器器driver circuit驱动电路路electric drive motor驱动电动机机insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT)绝缘栅双极晶体管双极晶体管3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统inverter assembl
9、y逆逆变器器总成成motor control module (MCM)电动机控制模机控制模块motor controller电动机控制器机控制器power drive unit (PDU)动力力驱动单元元power transistor功率晶体管功率晶体管pulse width脉冲脉冲宽度，脉度，脉宽3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统3.3.1 Permanent magnet brushless DC motor controllerTextAs shown in Figure 3.10, traction motor
10、controller on Honda hybrid electric vehicles is a motor control module (MCM), which is typical of the controller used in most hybrid electric vehicles. The MCM has three inputs from three rotor position sensors, A, B, and C. They send digital information to the MCM to indicate rotor angular position
11、. The MCM is programmed to use this information to determine which driver circuits in the power drive unit (PDU) (electronic switch) be turned on. The PDU controls all functions of the motor, whether it is producing torque to drive the vehicle or is being used as a generator to charge the batteries
12、during regenerative braking.3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统The current flow through the PDU is controlled by six insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). Three of these transistors control the voltage side of the circuit and are called positive or high-side IGBTs. The other
13、three transistors are negative or low-side IGBTs because they are on the negative (ground) side of the stator coils. The base of each IGBT connects to an input terminal in the connector to the PDU. The IGBTs are current drivers that send current from the battery pack through the stator windings to e
14、nergize the stator coils and move the rotor to power the drive wheels.*1 *1 The IGBTs are current drivers that send current from the battery pack through the stator windings to energize the stator coils and move the rotor to power the drive wheels. 句子分析：句子分析： 句中句中that send current fromto power the d
15、rive wheels是是drivers的定语从句。的定语从句。move 前省略前省略to，它与，它与energize并列。并列。to energize the stator coils and move the rotor to power the drive wheels是定语从句的状语，说明电流流动的结果。本句的定是定语从句的状语，说明电流流动的结果。本句的定于从句太长，单独译出。于从句太长，单独译出。 参考译文：参考译文： IGBT是电流驱动装置，它们让电流从电池组传送出去，并通过是电流驱动装置，它们让电流从电池组传送出去，并通过定子绕组，让定子线圈励磁，从而使转子运动，带动驱动轮旋转
16、。定子绕组，让定子线圈励磁，从而使转子运动，带动驱动轮旋转。 疑难句子分析3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统Each IGBT has a diode connected in parallel between the collector and the emitter, as shown in Figure 3.10. These six diodes work together to rectify stator AC to pulsating DC to charge the high-voltage batteri
17、es when the DC electric drive motor becomes a generator during regenerative braking. 3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统Figure 3.10 A typical Honda PDU controls the current and voltage through the stator windings of the DC motor3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统3
18、.3.2 Permanent magnet AC motor controller In most hybrid electric vehicles, traction AC motor is controlled as follows: The speed of the motor is changed by changing the frequency of the applied current. The speed is synchronized to the frequency so when the frequency is changed, the speed changes.
19、The pulse width and voltage is adjusted to change the power output to match the demands of the vehicle for electric assist or propulsion.3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统In Toyota Prius HEVs, as shown in Figure 3.11, The boost converter is a DC-DC converter witch boosts the nomin
20、al voltage of DC 201.6V that is output by the HV battery to the maximum voltage of DC 500V. A DC-to-DC converter (usually written DC-DC converter) are electronic devices used to transform DC voltage from one level of DC voltage to another higher or lower level, its central component is a transformer
21、. The IGBT is used to perform the switching control, and the power transistor is controlled by the HV ECU. 3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统Figure 3.11 Toyota Prius high-voltage circuit3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统AC motors are powered by inverters. An inv
22、erter converts DC power to AC power at the required frequency and amplitude. The inverter converts the high voltage direct current of the battery into three-phase alternating current of MG1 and MG2. When MG1 or MG2 acts as a generator, the inverter converts the alternating current (range of 201.6V t
23、o 500V) generated by either of them into direct current*2. The boost converter then drops it to DC 201.6V to charge the HV battery. The Toyota Prius inverter assembly is shown in Figure 3.12.疑难句子分析*2 When MG1 or MG2 acts as a generator, the inverter converts the alternating current (range of 201.6V
24、to 500V) generated by either of them into direct current.句子分析：句子分析：注意句中的搭配注意句中的搭配converts into （将（将转变成转变成）和）和作后置定语的分词短语作后置定语的分词短语generated by either of them。参考译文：参考译文：当当MG1和和MG2作为发电机运行时，逆变器将它们中的任何作为发电机运行时，逆变器将它们中的任何一个产生的交流电一个产生的交流电(电压范围从电压范围从201.6V到到500V)转换为直流电。转换为直流电。 幻灯片幻灯片 19 3.3 Motor Control Sy
25、stem (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统Figure 3.12 Toyota Prius inverter assembly3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统For Lexus RX 400h, as shown in Figure 3.13, the boost converter is used to transfer the 280V of DC voltage to 650V to drive the motors, and the IGBTs process drive current
26、to the electric drive motor. Main capacitor absorbs voltage spikes that occur when the voltage level is changed in the booster converter.3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统Figure 3.13 Motor controls for Lexus RX 400 4WD HEVs3.4 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试New Words and Phrasesblo
27、ckblkvt.阻止阻止diagnosedagnzvt. 诊断，断，判断判断indicatendketvt.指示，指示，表明表明intermittentntmtntadj.间歇的歇的multimetermltmi:tn.万用表万用表pinpoint pnpntn.详尽的尽的3.4 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试precautionprk:nn.预防，防，预防措施防措施scopeskpn.示波器示波器specifyspesfavt.指定指定; vi.明确提明确提出出status stetsn.地位，情地位，情形，状形，状态3.4 Service and Testin
28、g 维护与测试维护与测试diagnostic trouble code故障故障码digital multimeter (DMM)数字式万用表数字式万用表enable circuit使能使能电路路heat sink散散热片片pinpoint test详细测试power transistor功率晶体管功率晶体管root cause根本原因根本原因status circuit状状态电路路tap into利用利用3.4 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试Text Voltage measurements are usually specified to diagnose a
29、DC-DC converter system. A voltage test can indicate if the correct voltages are present when the converter is on and off. A digital multimeter (DMM) that is CAT III-rated should be used. Safety precautions when working with high-voltage circuits: Always follow the manufacturers safety precautions. H
30、igh-voltage circuits are usually indicated by orange wiring. Never tap into wires in a DC-DC converter circuit to access power or ground for another circuit.3.4 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试 Never block airflow to a DC-DC converter heat sink. Never use a heat sink for a ground connection for a mete
31、r, scope, or accessory connection. Never connect or disconnect a DC-to-DC converter while the converter is powered up. Never connect a DC-to-DC converter to a larger-voltage source than specified. Whenever diagnosing a motor or control fault, use a scan tool and check for any stored diagnostic troub
32、le codes (Table 3.1) and then follow the vehicle manufacturers recommended pinpoint tests to determine the root cause.3.4 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试Table 3.1 generic motor/controller diagnostic trouble codesDTCsmeaningsP0A00Motor electronics coolant temperature sensor circuitP0A01Motor electroni
33、cs coolant temperature sensor circuit range/performanceP0A02Motor electronics coolant temperature sensor circuit lowP0A03Motor electronics coolant temperature sensor circuit highP0A04Motor electronics coolant temperature sensor circuit intermittentP0A05Motor electronics coolant pump control circuit/
34、openP0A06Motor electronics coolant pump control circuit lowP0A07Motor electronics coolant pump control circuit highP0A08DC/DC converter status circuit/open小小 结结3.3 Motor Control System (controllers) 电动机控制系统电动机控制系统 Permanent magnet AC motor controller Permanent magnet brushless DC motor controller3.4 Service and Testing 维护与测试维护与测试作业作业oWhat is the role of the motor controller? 电电动机控制器的作用是什么动机控制器的作用是什么？oBriefly describe the principle of motor controller.简单描述电动机控制器的作用原理简单描述电动机控制器的作用原理 o记忆电动机控制器的专业英文术语记忆电动机控制器的专业英文术语
