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1、类别类别课程标准要求掌握的项目课程标准要求掌握的项目话题话题A trip along the three gorges; postcards to myself词汇词汇cave, peak, plain, cliff, colleague, deck, exploit, fertile, goods, trade, narrow, immense, legend, pagoda, poet, remote, slope, valleyat the edge of, at least, be heavy with, in the distance, get a kick out of功能功能Ta
2、lking about obligation, permission and prohibition语法语法Revision of Modal verbsYou should/shouldnt visit the Three GorgesTravellers must/mustnt show their documents when they arrive. Its the law.1plain n. 平原；草原平原；草原Have you been to the Great Plains of the US?你曾你曾经去去过美国的大平原美国的大平原吗？adj. 清楚的；明白的；清楚的；明白的；
3、简单的；朴素的；的；朴素的；单纯的的He made it plain that he did not like me.他很坦白地他很坦白地说他不喜他不喜欢我。我。She wore a plain brown dress.她穿了一件普通的棕色衣服。她穿了一件普通的棕色衣服。知识拓展知识拓展in plain English 用浅显的英语用浅显的英语in plain clothes 衣着朴素；着便衣衣着朴素；着便衣plain sailing 十分顺利；一帆风顺十分顺利；一帆风顺注意：注意：plain作名词作名词“平原平原”讲是可数名词。讲是可数名词。即学即用即学即用The unhappiness o
4、f her look has made it_that we should leave at once.AcleanBknowCplain Dunderstand答案：答案：C2shore n. 岸；滨岸；滨We walked along the seashore.我我们沿着海岸走。沿着海岸走。The ship was anchored off shore.船停泊在离岸不船停泊在离岸不远的地方。的地方。辨析：辨析：bank, beach, coast, seaside与与shore上述几个上述几个词都含有都含有“(海海)岸；岸；边”之意。之意。1)bank“河岸；堤岸河岸；堤岸”；指河流两旁高
5、出水面的地方。；指河流两旁高出水面的地方。The old man used to sit on the river bank to fish.那位老人那位老人过去常常坐在河岸上去常常坐在河岸上钓鱼。2)beach“海海(湖湖、河河)滩；水水滨”；指指由由于于受受潮潮水水冲冲刷刷而而形成的由形成的由细沙或卵石覆盖的平沙或卵石覆盖的平缓的斜坡。的斜坡。The children are playing with sand along the beach.孩子孩子们在海在海滩上玩沙。上玩沙。3)coast“海海岸岸；海海岸岸线”；是是地地理理上上的的专有有名名词，指指海海洋洋与与陆地地的的分分界界线，
6、有有清清晰晰的的边界界概概念念。它它不不能能用用来来指指河河岸或湖岸。岸或湖岸。Shanghai lies on the east coast of China.上海位于中国上海位于中国东海岸。海岸。4)seaside“海海滨”；尤指度假；尤指度假胜地。地。Many English people like to go to the seaside for their holidays and lie on the beach in the sun.许多英国人去海多英国人去海滨度假，并躺在海度假，并躺在海滩上晒太阳。上晒太阳。5)shore“岸岸；滨”；含含义广广泛泛，可可指指围绕海海洋洋、河河
7、流流及及湖湖泊泊旁旁边的的陆地地，含含有有与与水水相相对的的意意味味(in shore“近近岸岸”，on shore“在岸上在岸上”，off shore“离岸离岸”)。They saw a boat a mile from the shore.他他们离海岸大离海岸大约一英里一英里处看到一条小船。看到一条小船。即学即用即学即用用用bank, shore, coast, beach或或seaside填空。填空。(1)There is an island called Liu Gong Island off the_of Wei Hai.(2)I decided to go to the_to sp
8、end my summer vacation, where we can enjoy the cool sea water, the sunshine lying on the_.(3)With great difficulty, we pushed the man in the sea onto the_.(4)My brother lives on the other_of the lake.答案：答案：(1)coast(2)seaside; beach(3)shore(4)bank3flat1)adj. 平的；平直的平的；平直的The earth is round, not flat.地
9、球是地球是圆的，不是平的。的，不是平的。2)n. 公寓；公寓；单元房元房Do you live in a flat or a house?你住的是一套公寓你住的是一套公寓还是一座房子？是一座房子？知识拓展知识拓展fall flat on your face 趴倒在地；彻底失败趴倒在地；彻底失败即学即用即学即用My car has got a_tyre. I wonder if you could lend me a hand.No problem.Around BfullCempty Dflat答案：答案：D4surround v 围绕；环绕；围绕；环绕；(使使)包围；围住包围；围住The f
10、ence surrounds the school.篱笆笆环绕着学校。着学校。As a child I was surrounded by love and kindness.幼年的我幼年的我备受关受关爱。surrounding n. 环境境(常用复数形式常用复数形式)surroundings=environmentsocial surroundings 社会社会环境境surrounding adj. 周周围的的the surrounding area 周周边地区地区即学即用即学即用(2009皖皖南南八八校校)When Mr Brown got off the train, he found
11、himself_by his students.Asurround Bto surroundCsurrounding Dsurrounded答案：答案：D1at the edge of 在在的边缘的边缘We played at the edge of the playground on Sunday.星期天，我星期天，我们在操在操场边玩耍。玩耍。知识拓展知识拓展have the edge on 比比强强on edge 紧张不安不安on the edge of 在在边上上set sb.s teeth on edge 使生气使生气辨析：辨析：at the edge of与与on the edge
12、of1)on the edge of在在的的边上；指在物体的表面之上。上；指在物体的表面之上。Dont put the glass on the edge of the table in case it will fall and break.不要把瓶子放在桌子不要把瓶子放在桌子边，免得掉下来打碎了。，免得掉下来打碎了。2)at the edge of指指“在在的的边缘上上”；并并不不特特指指在在物物体体的表面上的表面上We could hear birds whistling at the edge of the woods.我我们能能够听听见小小鸟在在树林林边欢叫。叫。即学即用即学即用完成
13、句子完成句子(1)The soldiers are drilling_(在在草草地地的的边上边上)(2)He is sitting_(桌子的边上桌子的边上)(3)Tom used to live_(一个湖边上一个湖边上)答案：答案：(1)at the edge of a meadow(2)on the edge of a table(3)by the side of a lake2know about sth./sb. 了解；知道了解；知道的情况的情况I happened to know about him.我碰巧知道他的情况。我碰巧知道他的情况。辨析：辨析：know about与与know
14、ofknow about表示表示“了解；知道了解；知道情况情况”。know of表示表示“听听说过；知道；知道”。How much do you know about him?你你对他了解多少？他了解多少？I dont know Mr. Smith, but I know of him.我不我不认识史密斯先生，但我听史密斯先生，但我听说过他。他。即学即用即学即用He is known_us all_his good spokenEnglish.Afor; as Bto; forCto, to Dto, as答案：答案：B1The shore is the area where the land
15、 meets the sea or a lake.岸就是陆地与海洋或湖泊汇合的地方。岸就是陆地与海洋或湖泊汇合的地方。本本句句中中使使用用了了由由where引引导的的定定语从从句句。where既既可可以以引引导限限制制性性定定语从从句句，也也可可以以引引导非非限限制制性性定定语从从句句；where本本身身在在从从句句中中作作地地点点状状语，从从句句的的前前面面不不仅可可以以用用表表示示“地地点点”的的名名词作作先先行行词，还可可以以用用表表示示地地点点含含义的的抽抽象象名名词作先行作先行词。where有有时相当于相当于“介介词关系代关系代词”。There are cases where the
16、 word“mighty”is used as an adverb.在在这些情况下，些情况下，“mighty”可用作副可用作副词。He is unlikely to find the place where/in which he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他他不大可能找到他40年前居住年前居住过的地方。的地方。高考直击高考直击(1)(2010江江西西卷卷，31)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister_she would stay for an
17、hour.Awhere BwhoCwhich Dwhat解解析析：句句意意：这这位位女女孩孩安安排排在在培培训训中中心心和和她她的的妹妹妹妹上上钢钢琴琴课课，在在那那儿儿她她要要呆呆上上一一个个小小时时。where在在句句中中引引导导定定语语从句，修饰先行词从句，修饰先行词the training center.答案：答案：A(2)(2010天天津津卷卷，8)Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers_I go.Its only 15.Aas BwhichCwhere DTha
18、t解解析析：句句意意：你你是是否否相相信信我我理理一一个个发要要付付30美美元元？你你应该去去试试我我去去的的理理发店店。只只花花15美美元元。本本题考考查定定语从句，且从句中缺少地点状从句，且从句中缺少地点状语，故用，故用where。答案：答案：C(3)(2010福福建建卷卷，24)Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _life has developed gradually.Athat BwhereCwhich Dwhose解解析析：考考查定定语从从句句。先先行行词the pla
19、net在在定定语从从句句中中需作地点状需作地点状语，因此用，因此用where引引导定定语从句。从句。答案：答案：B即学即用即学即用After graduation she reached a point in her career_she needed to decided what to do.Athat BwhatCwhich Dwhere答案：答案：D2A lake is an area of water surrounded by land.湖泊就是由陆地所围成的一片水域。湖泊就是由陆地所围成的一片水域。本本句句使使用用了了过去去分分词短短语作作后后置置定定语，相相当当于于定定语从从句
20、句which is surrounded by land，其具体用法如下：，其具体用法如下：1)过去去分分词作作定定语常常常常位位于于其其所所修修饰的的名名词前前；过去去分分词短短语作作定定语时，常常常常位位于于其其所所修修饰的的名名词后后，相相当当于于一个定一个定语从句。从句。When I got home I saw a message pinned to the door(which was pinned to the door) reading, “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”我我到到家家的的时候候，看看到到门上上别着着一一个个留留言言条条，
21、上上面面写写着着：“很很遗憾没憾没见到你，到你，过会儿再来。会儿再来。”2)不不及及物物动词的的过去去分分词作作定定语不不表表示示被被动，而而表表示示完成。完成。boiled waterwater that has bolied 开开(过的的)水水fallen leavesthe leaves that have fallen 落叶落叶3)有有些些过去去分分词作作定定语既既表表示示被被动，又又表表示示完完成成。即即过去分去分词可以独立表示完成意可以独立表示完成意义的被的被动语态。He told us of the great wrong done to him.He told us of th
22、e great wrong which had been done to him.他他给我我们讲述了他所蒙受的巨大冤屈。述了他所蒙受的巨大冤屈。Most of the invited(who had been invited)to the party were from South Africa.受邀受邀请到会的大部分到会的大部分艺术家都来自南非。家都来自南非。4)不不及及物物动词的的过去去分分词作作定定语，且且与与其其所所修修饰的的名名词构构成成逻辑上上的的动宾关关系系时，必必须在在该动词后后使使用用必必要要的的介介词。He is the boy looked after by his el
23、der sister.他就是由姐姐照看的那个男孩。他就是由姐姐照看的那个男孩。5)过去去分分词作作定定语，如如果果强强调该动作作正正在在被被完完成成，则将将“being过去分去分词”置于被修置于被修饰的名的名词之后。之后。Have you noticed the bridge being built there？Have you noticed the bridge which is being built there?你注意到那儿正在建造的那座你注意到那儿正在建造的那座桥了了吗？另另外外，过去去分分词可可作作非非限限制制性性定定语，因因其其不不属属于于被被修修饰名名词不可缺少的定不可缺少的定
24、语，前面常用逗号与被修，前面常用逗号与被修饰名名词隔开。隔开。The Olympic Games, first played in 776BC, did not include women players until 1912.奥奥运运会会始始创于于公公元元前前776年年，直直到到1912年年才才允允许女女选手手参加。参加。高考直击高考直击(1)(2010全全国国卷卷，27)Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _ from the library.Ato borrow Bto be borrowedCborrowed Dborrowing解
25、解析析：句句意意：怀怀特特老老师师给给她她的的学学生生展展示示了了一一些些从从图图书书馆馆借借来来的的旧旧地地图图。及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分分词词形形式式作作后后置置定定语语，既既表表被被动动，亦亦表表完完成成；to be borrowed表表示示将将要要发发生生的的被被动动动作，与句意不符。动作，与句意不符。答案：答案：C(2)(2010北北京京卷卷，25)Im calling to enquire about the position_in yesterdays China Daily.Aadvertised Bto be advertisedCadvertising Dhaving
26、 advertised解解析析：句句意意：我我在在电话查询昨昨天天在在中中国国日日报上上作作广广告告的的那那个个工工作作岗位位。此此题考考查过去去分分词短短语作作定定语的的用用法法。“advertised in.”表表示示动作作既既被被动又又完完成成，意意为“被被做做广广告告的的”；B项表表示示将将来来时态，不不对；C、D两两项是是主主动语态，不，不对。答案：答案：A(3)(2010湖湖南南卷卷，30)So far nobody has claimed the money _ in the library.Adiscovered Bto be discoveredCdiscovering Dh
27、aving discovered解解析析：句句意意：迄迄今今为止止，没没有有人人认领在在图书馆发现的的钱。本本题考考查非非谓语动词作作定定语，因因money与与discover之之间是是动宾关系，故用关系，故用过去分去分词作定作定语，表完成，表被，表完成，表被动。答案：答案：A(4)(2010四四 川川 卷卷 ， 4)A great number of students _said they were forced to practise the piano.Ato question Bto be questionedCquestioned Dquestioning解解析析：句句意意：被被调查
28、的的许多多学学生生说他他们是是被被迫迫练习钢琴琴的的。句句中中所所填填之之处是是作作定定语修修饰名名词students的的，且且二二者者之之间是是被被动关关系系，排排除除表表主主动的的A、D两两项；而而B项不不定定式式是是表表示示将将来来的的被被动，与与句句中中said的的时态不不符符，故故应选C项表表示被示被动和完成。和完成。答案：答案：C即学即用即学即用We hope the building project_will be completed as soon as possible because a lot of citizens are complaining about the noises.Ato be carried out Bcarried outCbeing carried out Dcarrying out答案：答案：C
