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1、必修模块必修模块 3Unit 7 The Sea1.participatevi.参加,参与教材原句教材原句Ialsowantyoutorememberthatyoushouldallactivelyparticipateinthediscussion.重点单词单句填空单句填空Encouragedbytheteacher,theparticipants(participate)activelyparticipated(participate)intheEnglishspeechcontestandtheirpartici-pation(participate)inspiredtherestoft
2、heclasstostudyhard.单句改错单句改错Alltheparticipantinthedebatewillhaveanopportunitytospeak.participantparticipantsStudentsinourschoolareencouragedparticipateinmoreactivitiesafterclassinordertobroadentheirknowledge.participateto点拨点拨(1)participatein参加,参与(2)participantn.参与者participationn.参与;参加【点津】口诀辨析不同的“参加”:
3、出席到场用attend;加入组织join行;参加活动起作用,就用takepartin;和人一起来活动,joinsb.in来响应;participate不及物,后面加上介词in。2.arrangev.安排;筹备;整理;排列;布置教材原句教材原句Ifnot,thenyourgroupshouldarrangetomeet(meet)outsideofschoolhoursandchooseatimethatsbestformostpeopleinthegroup.活学巧用活学巧用Sofareverythingfortheconferencetobeheldtomorrowhasbeenar-ran
4、ged(arrange).Thechairmanhasarrangedforthesecretarytopickuptheexpertsattheairport.ThenIwillarrangetomeet(meet)Profes-sorSmith.Allinall,allthearrangements(arrange)thatwemadegowell.单句改错单句改错Wehavemadeallthearrangementfortheconference.arrangementarrangements句式升级句式升级Themanagerarrangedforthepartytobeheldin
5、5days.Themanagerarrangedthattheparty(should)beheldin5days.(ar-rangethat.)写作微练写作微练学校安排的这次活动为我们相互理解提供了很好的机会。Theactivitythattheschoolarrangedhasofferedusagoodopportunityforustounderstandeachother.点拨点拨(1)arrangetodosth.安排做某事arrangesth.forsb.为某人安排某事arrangeforsb./sth.todosth.安排做某事(2)arrangementn.安排;约定;布置e
6、toanarrangement达成协议makearrangementsfor.为做安排【点津】不能说arrangesb.todosth.,另外,arrange后跟that引导的宾语从句时,从句的谓语动词通常用“(should+)动词原形”。3.signn.手势;符号,记号;迹象,征兆;招牌,标志v.签字,签(名);示意,打手势教材原句教材原句Somechimpanzeeshavelearntsignlanguage,buttheycanonlycopylanguagetheydontreallymunicate.一些黑猩猩已经学会了手势语,但是它们只是模仿它们并不真正交流。语境识意语境识意(写
7、出下列句中画线词或短语的意思)Allthevisitorsmustsigninonarrival.签到Therewasnosignthatthehousewasbrokeninto.迹象Hemadeasignformetofollowhim.手势Thesignsays“Nosmoking”.标志Pleasesignhere.签名活学巧用活学巧用(用sign,signal,mark,symbol或symptom填空)Sheputherfingertoherlipsasasigntobequiet.Patienceisamarkofconfidence.Welivetoofarfromthecit
8、ytogetastrongtelevisionsignal.Roseisconsideredtobeasymboloflove.Itisimportanttohaveyoureyesexaminedregularlytocheckforanysignofeyediseasethatmaynothaveanysymptom.AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.(2018北京卷阅读理解)Thepolicemansignedtothedrivertostop(stop)atonce.Thereisnosignthatauthoritiesar
9、ereadytotakemeasuresinthenearfuture.Moreandmorepeoplearesigningupforyogaclassnowadays,takingadvantageofthehealthandrelaxationbenefits.点拨点拨Thereisa/nosignof/that.有/无的迹象/征兆aroad/trafficsign道路/交通标志signin/out签到/退sign(sb.)up(forsth.)(为某人)报名(参加课程)sign(tosb.)todosth.示意(某人)去做某事单词辨析sign指有特定意义的符号,或有指示作用的标志物、招
10、牌,也有“手势”和“迹象、征兆”的意思signal指为了警告、命令或报信而发出的信号或暗号。如:trafficsignals交通信号灯mark指留下的印记或印在物品上可供识别的标记symbol指有某种深邃意义的特殊事物,表示“象征”symptom指疾病的症状,也可引申为不祥的征兆【辨析】4.persuadevt.说服,劝说;使信服教材原句教材原句Hepersuadedsomepeopletogo(go)backwithhimtoGreenland.活学巧用活学巧用(根据汉语提示填空)Theotherday,mymothertriedtopersuademenottobuy/outofbuy-i
11、ng(试图劝我不要买)thatcoatasshethoughtitwastoolong.However,theassistanttriedhardtopersuademeofthespecialstyle(使我相信款式别致)andfashionablestyleofit.Therefore,Icouldnthelpbeingpersuaded(被说服)intobuyingit.Soyoucanseehoweasyitistopersuadeawomanintobuying/tobuy(说服女人购买)thethingsthatarentsuitableforher.单句改错单句改错Imanage
12、dtopersuademyclassmatesforacceptingmyidea.forinto写作微练写作微练如果人们被说服多吃水果和蔬菜,那么心脏病的死亡人数将会大大减少。Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeo-plearepersuadedtoeatmorefruitandvegetables.点拨点拨persuadesb.todosth.=persuadesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事persuadesb.nottodosth.=persuadesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不做
13、某事persuadesb.ofsth./that.使某人信服/相信【点津】persuadesb.todosth.强调的是劝说成功,如果劝说不一定成功,表示“试图说服某人做某事”时,则用trytopersuadesb.todosth.或advisesb.todosth.。5.followv.遵循;跟随;追随;理解,明白;(按时间或顺序)在后发生;接受教材原句教材原句Leiffollowed(follow)Biarnisdirectionsandsailedtowhatisbe-lievedtobethecoastofpresent-dayCanada.单句填空单句填空Thelecture,sta
14、rtingat7:00pmlastnight,wasfollowed(follow)byanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes.Following(follow)agroupoftourists,theforeignerenteredthebotanicalgarden.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,followed(follow)bysomestudents.写作微练写作微练我们应该严格、自愿遵守交通规则,在红灯时停下来,而不是抱怨交通堵塞。Weshouldfollowthetrafficrulesstrictlyandvol
15、untarily,stoppingattheredlightratherthanplainingabouttrafficjams.点拨点拨(1)followaguide跟随向导followonesadvice听从某人的建议followup对采取进一步行动asfollows如下(2)followern.跟随者;爱好者followingadj.接着的;下列的onthefollowingday在第二天6.apologisevi.道歉教材原句教材原句MrJohnsonapologisedforthemistake.单句填空单句填空Youmustapologisetoyourteacherforbein
16、glate.Onlywhenheapologises(apologise)forhisrudenesswillIspeaktohimagain.单句改错单句改错Ihavemadeaapologytothebossformakingtheseriousmistake.aan一句多译一句多译我应该因自己的粗鲁行为向她道歉。Ishouldapologisetoherformyrudebehavior.(apologise)Ishouldmakeanapologytoherformyrudebehavior.(apology)Ioweheranapologyformyrudebehavior.(owe
17、sb.anapology)点拨点拨(1)apologisetosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)apologyn.道歉;歉意makeanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉accept/refuseonesapology接受/拒绝某人的道歉owesb.anapology应向某人表示歉意7.attractv.吸引,引起教材原句教材原句fishwhichusealighttoattract(attract)food单句填空单句填空Thisattractive(attract)tourtakesyoutosomeofSanFranciscosmostch
18、eerfulholidayscenes.(2017课标全国卷)Thepanyisstartinganewadvertisingcampaigntoattract(at-tract)customerstoitsstores.完成句子完成句子Thisplaceissobeautifulthatmanytouristsareattractedtoiteveryyear.这个地方如此美丽以至于每年都会有很多游客被吸引到这儿来。Hemadenoisesonpurposetoattractpeoplesattention.他故意制造噪音以吸引人们的注意力。ThesceneryinSwitzerlandis
19、attractivetothetouristsfromthewholeworld.瑞士的风景对来自全世界的游客都很有吸引力。写作微练写作微练在过去的几年中,这个地区的旅游资源得到了很好的开发,每年都吸引成千上万的游客。Thetourismresourcesinthisareahavebeenwellexploitedinthelastfewyears,attractingtensofthousandsoftouristseveryyear.点拨点拨(1)attractsb.to把某人吸引到attractonesattention/interest吸引某人的注意力/兴趣(2)attraction
20、n.吸引(力);具有吸引力的人(或品质、特征)attractiveadj.有吸引力的,吸引人的beattractivetosb.对某人有吸引力【点津】(1)attract主要用作及物动词。主语可以是人或物,还可以是beauty、goodness等抽象名词;宾语可以是人或物,还可以是attention、interest等抽象名词。attract偶尔可用作不及物动词,是“具有吸引力、引人注意”的意思。(2)attract多用于一般现在时,可用于被动语态。8.measurev.测量;量度为;估量,判定n.措施,方法;尺度;度量单位教材原句教材原句Thebiggestdolphinscanmeasur
21、efourmetresinlengthbut-mondolphinsareusuallylessthantwometreslong.最大的海豚可长达四米,但是一般的海豚通常不超过两米长。单句填空单句填空Peoplehopethatmeasureswillbetaken(take)topreventhousepricesrising.Thenumberofthemislessthan1,000,soIhopeyoucantakesomeef-fectivemeasures(measure)toprotectthem.Somevillagersreportedahugesnake,measurin
22、g(measure)overtwometerslong,wasfounddeadinanearbycave.活学巧用活学巧用(根据汉语提示填空)Muchtomysadness,Ihavetowearthecoatsmadetomyownmea-sure(按照我自己的尺寸)becauseImgettingfatternowadays.Al-thoughIknowbeautyshouldntbemeasuredby(以来衡量)agoodshape,itstimeformetotakemeasurestoloseweight(采取措施减肥).写作微练写作微练我们的地球正遭受严重的破坏。我们应该只说空
23、话还是采取实际措施来保护它?答案肯定是后者。Ourearthissufferingseveredamage.Shouldwejustpaylipserviceortakepracticalmeasurestoprotectit?Theanswerisdefinitelythelatter.点拨点拨takemeasures/steps/actiontodosth.采取措施/行动做某事makesth.toonesmeasure依照某人的尺寸做某物measure.by.用来衡量bemeasuredby/in用来计算/衡量【点津】(1)measure作名词表示“措施”时,常用复数形式measures。
24、(2)measure表示“某物有多长(宽、高)”时,为不及物动词,其后接表示事物长(宽、高)的度量名词,不用于被动语态和进行时态;如果表示此意义的短语用作后置定语时,要用v.-ing形式。9.survivevt.幸免于难,幸存下来;比活的时间长vi.活下来;幸存;残存教材原句教材原句Ourboatsurvived(survive),andIwastryingtorecoverwhenmyelderbrotherputhismouthclosetomyear,andscreamedout活学巧用活学巧用(用survive的正确形式填空)Hewastheonlysurvivorwhosurvive
25、dtheearthquake.Hetoldushehadsurvivedonabottleofwater.Everyonesaidhissurvivalwasawonder.单句改错单句改错Itwassaidthatonlyafewhouseweresurvivedtheearthquake.删除wereShecreatedawebsitepage,matchingsurvivorinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.(2016北京卷阅读理解)survivorsurvivorsAsfarasIknow,theoldwomansurvivedherhusbandin10
26、years.inby点拨点拨(1)survivethewar/accident/earthquake从战争/事故/地震中幸存下来survivesb.(by+时间)比某人多活(多长时间)survivefrom从存活下来;流传下来surviveon靠存活(2)survivaln.生存;幸存;残存物survivorn.幸存者,生还者10.escapev.逃跑;逃避,避开;被忘掉;被忽视n.逃跑;逃脱;漏出教材原句教材原句Asyoucansee,Ididescape(escape).单句填空单句填空Hehadnowaytoescapepunishment/beingpunished(punish)by
27、thelaw.Youwerefortunateenoughtoescapebeingfined(fine)fordrunkdriving,anddontdrinkagain.Onlywiththebestofluckdidhemanagetoescapefromtherisingfloodwaters.完成句子完成句子Theattackwassosuddenthattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.袭击如此突然,以至于敌人没时间逃跑。点拨点拨(1)escapefrom从中逃脱;逃避escapedoingsth.逃脱做某事escapepunishment(=escapebein
28、gpunished)逃避处罚(2)fireescape太平梯anarrowescape九死一生makeanescapefrom从中逃脱11.recognisev.认出,辨认出;承认;认可教材原句教材原句Thefishermenweremyoldfriends,buttheywereunabletorecognise(recognise)me.单句填空单句填空Asamatteroffact,Michaelhaschangedbeyondrecognition(recog-nise).Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhi
29、teone,customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.(2018江苏卷阅读理解)单句改错单句改错Bachdiedin1750,butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturythathismusicalgiftrecognised.recognisedwas写作微练写作微练人们公认环境污染已成为人们所面对的最严重的问题之一。Itisrecognisedthatenvironmentalpollutionhasbeeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.点拨点拨(1)recognise
30、sb./sth.as.认可某人/某物是berecognisedas被公认为recognisesb./sth.by/from.根据认出某人/某物Itisrecognisedthat.人们意识到/人们公认【点津】recognise强调的是认出、认可,而know强调的是认识。(2)recognitionn.认识;认出;承认outof/beyondrecognition认不出来1.insearchof寻找,寻求教材原句教材原句NotlongafterErictheRedhadlandedinGreenland,amancalledBiarnisetsailfromIcelandinsearchofEr
31、icsparty.重点短语活学巧用活学巧用(用“in+名词+of”的相关短语填空)Incaseoffire,allexitsmustbekeptclear.CouldIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?Weareinsearchofanexperiencedandreliableproducerofjew-ellery.Theysaythebusiestday,intermsofthenumberofshoppers,isusu-allytheSaturdaybeforeChristmas.ManyChineseunivers
32、itiesprovidedscholarshipsforstudentsinneedoffinancialaid.Washington,astateintheUnitedStates,wasnamedinhonourofoneofthegreatestAmericanpresidents.单句填空单句填空IwassearchingforthesethreewesternlowlandgorillasIdbeenobserving.(2018课标全国)写作微练写作微练救援人员徒手移开砖块和石头,搜寻地震中的幸存者。Therescueworkersremovedthebricksandstones
33、withbarehandsinsearchofanysurvivorintheearthquake.点拨点拨searchsth./sb.搜查某物/搜身searchfor=lookfor寻找search.for.为找到而搜查【联想】“in+名词+of”的相关短语:incaseof假使,如果inchargeof掌管,负责incontrolof控制;管理infavourof支持,赞同infrontof在前面(外部)inhonourof为了纪念,向表示敬意inneedof需要inplaceof代替inpossessionof拥有inspiteof尽管,不管intermsof在方面;根据inviewof
34、鉴于;考虑到2.pickup救起;捡起;收拾,整理;学会;接收;收听;用车接;好转;取回;感染教材原句教材原句Intheend,aboatpickedmeup.语境识意语境识意(写出下列句中pickup的意思)IwonderwhereyoupickedupyourEnglish.学会Tompickedupapencilandplayedwithit.拿起Atpresent,theycanpickupItaliantelevision.接收Theyvepickedupavirusfromsomethingtheyveeaten.感染Shewentovertoherparentstopickupc
35、leanclothes.取回活学巧用活学巧用(使用“动词+up”的相关短语填空)Encouragedbytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.Weagreedtomeetherebutsofarshehasntturnedupyet.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachild,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.(2018北京卷阅读理解)ImsorrythatIvealreadytakenupsomuchofyourvaluabletime
36、.TheSmithsarepraisedforthewaytheybringuptheirchildren.Sportsandoutdooractivitiesarereallyhelpfultobuildupmybodyandenrichmyschoollife.写作微练写作微练地球日的前一周,海报在我们的学校周围被张贴出来,号召我们加入绿色地球的行动。AweekbeforeEarthDay,posterswereputuparoundourschool,callinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth.点拨点拨(1)pickup接名词作宾语时,
37、名词的位置在中间或之后均可;接代词作宾语时,代词需放中间。(2)pickout辨认出;挑选出【联想】“动词+up”相关短语:breakup结束;打碎bringup抚育,培养buildup增进,增强;加强giveup放弃makeup虚构;弥补;组成putup搭建;张贴sendup发射setup建立,开办situp坐直,熬夜stayup熬夜takeup占据;从事;接受turnup出现,来到;开大1.独立主格结构教材原句教材原句Oneday,mytwobrothersandIwereingbackfromtheislands,ourboatfulloffish.一天,我和我的两个兄弟正要从岛上归来,
38、船上载满了鱼。重点句型单句填空单句填空Johnlayonhisback,hisglaringeyeslooking(look)straightupward.Theexamtobeheld(hold)tomorrow,hecouldntgotothecinematonight.句式升级句式升级(用独立主格结构)Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,ifweatherpermits.Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weatherpermitting.Becausemuchtimeisspentsittingatadesk,officeworkers
39、aregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.Muchtimespentsittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytrou-bledbyhealthproblems.点拨点拨独立主格结构的构成方式:(1)名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语(2)名词/代词+现在分词(3)名词/代词+过去分词(4)名词/代词+不定式【点津】独立主格结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因或伴随等,其逻辑主语是名词/代词,与句子的主语不同。2.bedoingsth.when.教材原句教材原句Ourboatsurvived,andIwastryingto
40、recoverwhenmyelderbrotherputhismouthclosetomyear,andscreamedout.单句填空单句填空Shehadjustgotbacktothekitchenwhenthedoorbellrang.YesterdaymorningIwaswalking(walk)inthestreetwhenIsawthatseveraltravelerswerereadingamap.Oneday,thecowwaseatinggrasswhenitbegantorainheavily.写作微练写作微练更糟的是,我从自行车上摔下来好多次。我正要放弃,这时我爸爸鼓励
41、我继续坚持。经过更多的练习,我骑得越来越好。Worsestill,Itookmanyfallsoffthebike.Iwasabouttogiveupwhenmyfathercameandencouragedmetokeepgoing.Withmorepractice,Ididbetterandbetter.点拨点拨when意为“这时,突然”时的常用句式:bedoingsth.when.正在做某事,这时beabouttodosth.when.正打算做某事,这时beonthepointofdoingsth.when.正要/即将做某事,这时hadjustdonesth.when.刚做了某事,这时【
42、点津】when在上述句式中,相当于“atthis/thattime”。3.todo不定式短语作目的状语教材原句教材原句Tokeep(keep)aneggsafe,hekeepsitonhisfeetfor60daysuntilthebabypenguinhatchesoutoftheeggs.单句填空单句填空Toavoid(avoid)kneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfacesandgetgoodrunningshoes.(2018课标全国语法填空)Istoppedthecartotake(take)ashortbreakasIwasfeelingtired.Afters
43、choolwewenttothereading-roomtodosomereading,onlytobetold(tell)thatitwasbeingdecorated.完成句子完成句子Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassenttheretobetrainedforaspaceflight.当被问到为什么去那里时,他说他被派到那里接受太空飞行训练。点拨点拨当不定式短语在句中作目的状语时,需要使用一般式,即“todosth.”。不定式短语可位于句首或句尾,用于句首时,之后常使用逗号。当不定式短语与句子的主语是逻辑上的动宾关系时,不定式应用被动形式,即“tobedone”。此外,不定式短语也可在句中作结果状语,用于表示意料之外的结果,而现在分词短语也可作结果状语,但是表示的是意料之中或自然而然的结果。
