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1、Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero 校报英文栏目就“自行车出行的优点和缺点”为主题进行征文。请根据以下内容写一篇英语短文。优点缺点你的观点短程旅行很便；可以锻炼身体；对环境有利。 大街上缺乏专用通道；下雨时麻烦；容易被盗。尽量多地使用；增加停放点。【写作内容】【写作内容】 【写作要求】【写作要求】 只能用5句话表达全部内容。 Bicycles are extremely convenient for short journeys and riding your bike is a good exercise. Whats more, it is enviro
2、nmentally friendly because it causes no pollution. However, there are few bicycle lanes on the main street and you may be caught in a sudden rain. Whats worse, bicycle theft is so common that you cant find a safe place to park them. As far as I am concerned, we should ride our bicycles as often aspo
3、ssible and the government should build more parking spots.1. n. 质量；品质；性质2. adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的3. adj. 积极的；活跃的4. adj. 慷慨的；大方的5. adj. 无私的；忘我的6. vt. 献身；专心于7. n. 投票；表决 v. 投票；选举_ _ _ _ _ _qualitymeanactivegenerousselflessdevotevote 8. vt. 进攻；抨击；攻击9. n. 暴力；暴行10. adj. 平等的；相等的11. adj. 不公平的；不公正的12. vi. 逃走；泄露；逃脱
4、13. vt. 教育；训练14. vi. 请求；乞求_ _ _ _ _ _ attack violence equal unfair escape educate beg 16. n. 恐怖；恐怖活动17. n. 报酬；奖金 vt. 酬劳；奖赏18. vt. 判决；宣判19. n. 总统；会长；校长20. n. 意见；看法；主张_ _ _ _ _ terror reward sentence president opinion1. 事实上2. 使充气；爆炸3. 求助于；致力于4. 当权；上台5. 建立；设立6. 处在困境/麻烦中7. 丧失勇气或信心_ _ _ _ _ _ _ as a matt
5、er of fact blow up turn to come to power set up in trouble lose heart _ _ _ _ _8. 担心9. 失业10. 把投入监狱11. 被判处(徒刑)12. 犯法 worry about out of work putinto prison be sentenced to break the law 1.It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer _ I went for advice. 2.He was generous with his time, _ I was gra
6、teful. 3.However, this was a time _ one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 4.only then _ we _ (decide) to answer violence with violence.to whomfor which whendiddecide 1. quality nU&C 质量，品质，特征 Customers prefer buying superior quality products at a reasonable price. 顾客喜欢购买物美价廉的产品。qual
7、ify vt. 使(某人)具有资格qualified adj. 称职的，合格的qualification n. 资格，资历根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)质量对于一个企业来说是非常重要的。 _ means a lot to a business.(2)如今，老师们更注重素质教育。 Nowadays, teachers pay more attention to _ .Qualityquality education(3)他是粗鲁了一点，但还是有许多优秀品质。 He has many _ despite his apparent rudeness.good qualities 2. devote
8、 vt.献身；专心于 Ive decided to devote myself to the nation after finishing my study. 我已经决定学成后报效祖国。 devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的devotion n挚爱；关爱；关照devote oneself/ones energy / time / attention to (doing) sth. 奉献于；献身于用所给词的正确形式填空(1)她是一位贤妻良母。 She is a good wife and a _ (devote) mother.(2)我们被他们的献身精神深深感动。 We were deeply
9、 moved by their _ (devote)devoteddevotion(3)他把毕生精力都奉献在做科学研究上。 He devoted his whole life to _ (do) scientific research.doing 3. active adj. 积极的，灵活的，活跃的 He is still active in his profession after retirement. 退休后他还活跃在自己的工作岗位上。 action n. 行为，做法activity n. 活动actor / actress n. 男 / 女演员be active in 在方面活跃，积极
10、参加take an active part in 积极参加根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)虽然他已70多岁了，但他依然做事灵活。 Over seventy as he is, he _.(2)我无法判断这是不是一座活火山。 I cant tell whether it is _.is still activean active volcano(3)军队要支持和积极参加国家建设。 The army should _national construction. support and take an active part in 4. continue v. 继续，持续，延续 We will co
11、ntinue to expand the number of students in higher education. 我们会继续扩大高等教育的学生数量。 continuen. 继续 continueto do / doing sth. 继续做某事 continuewith sth. 继续根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)在不断的噪音中我们无法继续工作。 We cant _ with all that noise going on.(2)这游戏他们还要持续一个小时。 They will _ for another hour.continue to work / workingcontinue
12、(with) the game 5. reward n. 报酬；奖金 vt.奖赏，报酬 We should reward them generously for their hard work. 他们辛苦了，我们得好好酬劳他们一下。 as a reward for 作为对的报酬 give / offer a reward to sb. for sth. 因某事而给某人奖赏reward sb. with sth. 用酬谢某人reward sb. for (doing) sth. 为某事而酬谢某人 award, reward与与prize award “奖，奖品”，指正式的或官方颁发、授予、给予的
13、；也可以指法庭裁决给予。 reward “报答，报酬，奖赏”，表示由于做了某事而应该得到的东西。 prize “奖赏，奖金，奖品”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。.用award, reward, prize 填空 (1)The fireman received a _ for saving the childs life. (2)Hundreds of _ can be won in our newspaper competition. (3)The Olympic winner received a gold medal as a(n) _.rewardprizesaward.根据汉语意思，完成英
14、文句子(4)他努力工作希望得到金钱上的报酬。 He worked hard in hope of getting _.(5)他们会因所做的努力而得到回报的。 They _ what they have done.a financial rewardwill be rewarded for(6)我送给他一本书来答谢他的帮助。 I sent him a book _ his help.(7)我该怎样报答你的种种帮助？ How can _ all your help?as a reward forI reward you for 1. out of work/a job 失业 After being
15、 out of work for 3 months, I am anxious to start my new job. 失业3个月之后，我急切盼望着开始从事一份新工作。at work 在上班off work 在休班after work 下班后go to work 去上班用以上短语完成句子(1)他是前年失业的，也就是说，他失业已经快两年了。 He lost his job the year before last, that is to say, he has been _ for nearly two years.(2)他在工作中出了一次事故。 He had an accident_.out
16、 of workat work(3)下班后她常常把时间花在看书上。 She used to employ herself in reading _.after work 2. in trouble 处于困境中，有麻烦 My friends didnt desert me when I was in trouble. 我朋友在我身处困境的时候没有离弃我。 ask for/ look for/ borrow trouble自找麻烦，自讨苦吃be/get out of trouble 摆脱困境put sb. to the trouble of doing sth.给某人增添做某事的麻烦get int
17、o trouble 遇到麻烦make trouble 制造麻烦have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难take great trouble to do sth. 不辞劳苦做(1)他乐于帮助那些有困难的人。 He is ready to help those who are_.(2)别带孩子们去度假了，他们老是惹麻烦。 Dont take the children on holiday; _.in troublethey are always making trouble(3)你在这里找路难吗？ Did you _ your way here?(4)你一定费了很大劲
18、才解出这道数学难题。 You _ to work out this maths problem.have any trouble findingmust have taken a lot of trouble 3. turn to 求助于，致力于 When you are at an impasse some day, please remember I am your friend, whom you can turn to for help. 如果有一天你穷途末路了，请记得有我这个朋友。 turn against sb. 变成和作对turn sb. against sb. 闹对立，不再友好
19、turn around / round 转身turn sb. away 不让某人进入，解雇，防止turn back 使原路返回；挡住turn in 拐入；上床睡觉；使自首；上交；取得turn off 关掉；避开，使转变方向；使厌烦turn on 依靠； 开启，变得兴奋turn out 打扫；驱逐；生产，制造；出席；结果是turn over 打翻，周转，移交给，反复考虑，翻身用适当的介词或副词填空 (1)She kept turning _ the events of the day in her mind. (2)Despite our worries, everything turned _
20、 well. (3)Its time to turn _ your papers.overoutin(4)Please turn _ the volume.(5)She turned _ her old friend.(6)I turned _my chair to face the fire.downagainstround / around 4. lose heart 灰心，丧失信心 No matter how complex things are, dont lose heart! 哪怕事情再复杂，你也别灰心啊！ lose hope 绝望lose courage 丧失勇气lose fac
21、e 丢脸；受委屈 lose ones way 迷路lose ones heart to 爱上根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)面对失败时，不要灰心。 Dont _ when you are in face of failure.(2)即使失败他也从没有绝望过。 He never _ even when he fails.lose heartloses hope(3)接二连三的失败并没有使他丧失勇气。 The repeated failure did not make him _.lose courage 5. set up 设立，创建，建立 Originally, the charity was
22、 set up to help orphans in urban areas. 最开始，这个慈善机构成立的目的是帮助城市里的孤儿。 set up与与put up set up表“建起，搭建”，还表“成立组织、机构”。 put up表“修建，搭起，举起”，但不表组织、机构的建立。根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)他们正在筹款为村里的孩子建一所学校。 They are collecting money to _for the children in the village.(2)为研究某一专门问题成立了一个委员会。 A committee _ to study a particular proble
23、m.set up a schoolwas set up(3)谁要有问题，就请举手。 Please _ if you have any questions.put up your hand 1. I began school at six. The_school_where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away. 我6岁开始上学，我距离只在那儿学习过两年的学校有3公里远。 where引导定语从句，修饰先行词the school。试比较以下句子： (1)This is the school (that/ which) I vi
24、sited last year. 这就是我去年去过的那个学校。 (2)This is the school where my sister studies. 这就是我妹妹上学的那个学校。 我们可以得到这样的结论：当表地点的名词在 定语从句中作先行词并在从句中作状语时，用where 引导定语从句，如(2)；如果表地点的名词在定语从句中作先行词并在从句中作宾语，则用which 或that，其中which和that 还可以省略，如(1)。用适当的引导词填空 我工作的那家公司离我的住处不远。 (1)The company _ I work isnt far from my living place.
25、(2)The company _ I work for isnt far from my living place.wherethat/which/不填 2. we were put into_a_position_in_which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. 我们被置于这样一种境地，或者是被迫承认我们低人一等，或者是与政府作斗争。 介词关系代词which在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语，相当于关系副词when, where和why。 “介词关系代词”中的介词的选定有两个原
26、则，一是看从句中的动词和哪个介词可以构成固定搭配；二是看从句中需要哪个介词句意才符合逻辑。例如： 在办公室,5点半之前我似乎从来都没有时间，而到这个时候许多人都到家了。 In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30, by which many people have got home. (根据句意，用by which，意为“到这个时候”) 在漆黑的街上，没有一个人她可以求助。 In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for
27、help. (turn to sb. for help是固定搭配) 用适当的介词填空 他上学迟到的原因让人难以置信。 The reason _ which he was late for school was unbelievable. for 句子的扩展，就是在名词前后加上前置或后置定语，在动词、形容词或副词前后加上适当的状语，或增加修饰整个句子的状语，等等。其目的是使结构形式更饱满、内容表达更加清楚、语言表达更生动。练习句子的扩展，有助于循序渐进地实现由句到段的过渡。【例例1】对The boy cried.(主语谓语)一句进行扩展，可得到： a. The small boy in_red_
28、sweater cried. (画线部分为定语) b. Losing_sight_of_his_mother,_the small boy in red sweater cried in_the_crowded_street. (画线部分为状语)【例例2】对We found the great hall full of students and teachers.(主语谓语宾语补语)一句进行扩展，可得到： a. We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening_to_an_important_report. (画线部
29、分为定语) b. We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made_by_a_comrade_from_the_Peoples_Daily_on_current_affairs_in_East_Europe. (画线部分为定语)【例例3】对People are in favor of this phenomenon.(主语系动词表语)一句进行扩展，可得到： a. A majority of the people (who are) Involvedin the
30、discussion are in favor of this phenomenon. (画线部分为定语) b. A majority of the people (who are) involved in the discussion are in favor of this phenomenon saying that it can create a more comfortable study environment for students. (画线部分为状语)简单句扩展后，增加了可读性，使读者知道了更多的信息，增强了感染力。按要求对下列句子进行拓展1. The woman hande
31、d me a magazine. (至少含有一个不定式短语，一个现在分词短语)_ In order to help me kill the time, the old woman sitting beside me handed me a magazine to read during the long boring journey.2. Students buy books. (至少含有非谓语动词、介词短语和从句作定语)_ The diligent students in our class often buy some books written in English on science, which are really well worth reading.3. Students work. (至少含有非谓语动词、介词短语和从句作状语)_ In order to improve their academic performance, students work hard in the classroom so they forget to go out after class.
