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1、1Warmup & Stories From History.词汇识记选出所给单词的正确释义1victimAhappen or take place2gather Bfeeling of pity or sorrow3burst Csave something or someone from being harmed or destroyed4occur Dsomeone who sees an event and reports what happened5 fantasy E leave someone who needs or counts on you6witness Fbring t
2、hings together that have been spread around7abandon Gshake involuntarily from fear，cold or weakness，etc8preserve Hbreak open on apart，especially because of pressure from inside9tremble Iperson that is injured as the result of carelessness，crime or misfortune10sympathy Jproduct of the imagination答案：1
3、.I2.F3.H4.A5.J6.D7.E8.C9.G10.B.课文理解阅读本单元Lesson 1课文，选择正确答案。11Why is Pompeii like a “time capsule”？ABecause the city is a monument to human history.BBecause the city can keep the moment frozen.CBecause the volcanic eruption preserved buildings，objects and even impression of people from the time.DBecau
4、se the booming city was destroyed by the volcanic eruption.答案：C12 Which statement is RIGHT according to the passage?ABefore the eruption occurred，Pompeii had been an ordinary Roman city.B 1,600 years later， some scientists found the lost Roman town.CPliny witnessed the volcanic eruption as a child.D
5、The eruption buried everything in its bath，including whole villages and towns.答案：D13You may feel_when you see the bodies of people who had died in Pompeii.AunbelievableBridiculousCpuzzled Dsorrow and deep sympathy答案：D14The scientists found the city Pompeii in the_ century.A18th B19thC20th D21th答案：B1
6、5It is_that have made the city Pompeii a monument to human history.Athe volcanic eruptionBancient architecture statuesCdecorated walls and authentic objectsDthe forms of the people who were caught in the disaster答案：D.语篇分析根据Lesson 1课文，填写下面的表格，每空不超过三个单词Pompeii：The city that became a time capsuleAround
7、 the end of the 16._ century AD The eruption had 17._on August 24th,79 AD. A cloud came down the mountain,18._the sun and 19._everything in its path.More than 1,600 years later Some scientists found the lost towns and started to 20._the ancient city. In a way，Pompeii is like a “time capsule” 21._a f
8、rozen moment in history. The bodies of people 22._ showed their exact shapes.Today more than 23._years after scientists found the city 24._tourists and hundreds of scientists visit Pompeii every year to learn more about the 25._world.答 案 ： 16.first 17.occurred 18.blocking out19.burying 20dig out21.p
9、reserving22.in the ash23.25024.Thousands of25.ancientOne of my favourite books is Harry Potter. (P5)哈利波特是我最喜欢的书之一。剖析favourite adj.特别喜爱的n特别喜爱的人(或物)I like all the books on the shelf but this one is my favourite.我喜欢书架上所有的书，但这本是我最喜欢的。提示favourite作形容词时，无比较级和最高级形式。Who is your favourite writer of them three
10、?他们三个中谁是你最喜欢的作家？拓展favour n帮助，好感，礼物vt.促进，喜欢，赞成，有利于do sb.a favour帮某人一把in favour of sb./sth.支持、赞成某人/某物ask sb.a favour请求某人帮忙Cheques should be written in favour of Oxfam.支票上请写明以牛津饥荒救济委员会为收款人。Everyone at the rally wore red ribbons as favours.参加集会的人都系着红丝带作为支持大会的标记。She always favours her youngest child (mor
11、e than the others)她总是偏爱她最小的孩子。应用1.完成句子(1)我最喜欢的电影是玛丽莲梦露主演的。My_film stars Marilyn Monroe.(2)这风便于他们在黎明时航行。The wind_their sailing at dawn.(3)请您帮个忙行吗？May I ask a_of you?答案：(1)favourite(2)favoured(3)favourabandon (P5听力原文)vt.放弃；遗弃剖析该词后一般接n.或v.ing，相当于give up意义。Im considering abandoning smoking soon.我在考虑很快戒烟
12、。From Jamess face，I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。The situation at Omaha Beach was so bad that the US army commanders thought about abandoning the invasion.奥马哈海滩的形势非常严峻，美军司令部甚至考虑放弃进攻。拓展abandon的常用短语：abandon sb.to the mercy of.听任某人由摆布abandon oneself to de
13、spair 陷入绝望At the sad news，he abandoned himself to despair.听到这悲惨的消息，他陷入了绝望之中。应用2.单词拼写The girl had to a_her journey because of her mothers illness.答案：abandonknock sb.over(P5听力原文) 将某人撞倒/翻在地剖析该词组为“动词副词”结构，其宾语是人称代词时，要放在中间。He almost knocked me over.他险些把我撞倒了。拓展与knock有关的短语：knock at 敲(门/窗等)knock down撞倒；拆除(建筑
14、物)knock into sb.撞在某人身上knock.out (of.)把(从)敲出；把淘汰Knock the nail out (of the board)把钉子(从木板上)敲出来。Knock at the door before you enter.你进屋之前要先敲门。应用3.完成句子(1)法国队将比利时队淘汰(出欧洲杯足球赛)了。France_Belgium_(of the European Cup)(2)他的恋人被汽车撞到了。His lover was_by a car.答案：(1)knocked；out(2)knocked downAround the end of the fir
15、st century AD，a Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he had witnessed as a young man.(P6)大约公元1世纪末，一个叫普利尼的罗马作家描述了一次他年轻时亲眼目睹的可怕的火山爆发。剖析witness n目击者，见证人；证据a witness to.的见证人We have a witness to the killing.我们有一位该起杀人案的目击证人。These facts are a witness to his ignorance.这些事实
16、证明了他的无知。拓展witness vt.目睹；目击I thought，at the time，that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.当时，我以为那只不过是个传说而已，但是后来我亲眼目睹了许多次。We were witnessing the most important scientific development of the century.我们亲眼见到本世纪最重要的科学进展。应用4.After the explosion，the policemen did a lot
17、of work to find out some clues from the_.AonlookersBviewersCpeople Dwitnesses解析：句意：爆炸发生后，警察做了大量工作，试图从目击者那儿发现一些线索。onlooker旁观者，指正在观看的旁观者；viewer观者，观众；people人们；调查案件一般从witness(目击者，见证人)处得到证据或线索。如She was a witness at the accident.她是这场事故的目击者。答案：DThe eruption had occurred on August 24th,79 AD.(P6)火山爆发发生在公元79
18、年8月24日。剖析occur (occurred，occurring ) vi.发生；出现；存在When did the accident occur?事故是什么时候发生的？The disease occurs most frequently in rural areas.那种疾病多见于农村地区。提示occur还作“被想到”解。sth. occurred to sb.某人突然想到某事(物)It occurred to sb. to do sth.某人突然想到要做某事It occurred to sb. that从句某人突然想到It didnt occur to me that thered b
19、e a big festival on during my holiday.我原来没想到假期中会有盛大的狂欢节。比较occur，happen与take placeoccur指事情按计划发生或偶然的、未能预见的发生。happen使用最广，意为“偶然发生；碰巧”。与不定式连用时意为“碰巧发生”。take place多指事情的发生不是偶然出现的，而是按意图、计划进行的。可引申为“举行，进行”之意。应用5.用happen，occur或take place填空(1)A strange thing_to me this morning.(2)It is reported that the activity
20、 will_in Yiwu Playground and will last for 16 days.(3)An electric shock_when a person comes into contact with an electrical energy source.答案：(1)happened(2)take place(3)occursThe earth began to tremble.(P6)大地开始颤动剖析tremble vi.颤抖，发抖；焦虑，担忧tremble with cold/fear/anger冷得/吓得/气得发抖tremble for为焦虑His lips star
21、ted to tremble and then he started to cry.他的嘴唇开始颤抖，然后，他开始哭了起来。He was trembling with cold.他冷得发抖。I trembled for your safety when you were climbing the mountain.当你爬山时，我很担心你的安全。比较tremble，shake与quaketremble，shake，quake都有“震颤”之意，但各有侧重。tremble尤指身体因恐惧或寒冷而轻微快速、不由自主地颤抖。shake最常用词，表示短促而迅速地上下来回摇动的意思。quake较正式，与tre
22、mble意思相同，但含“猛烈”的意思。Shake the bottle before taking the medicine.服药前先将药瓶摇一摇。They felt the ground quake as the bomb exploded.炸弹爆炸时，他们觉得地都震动了。She trembled at the thought of going into the dark house alone.她一想到要独自走进那间黑洞洞的房子就不寒而栗。应用6.完成句子(1)地震时整个房子都震动了。The whole house_during the earthquake.(2)他一想到这就怕得发抖。H
23、e was_in his boots at the thought.(3)这只小狗冻得直发抖。The little dog was_with cold.答案：(1)shook(2)quaking(3)tremblingPliny described a cloud coming down the mountain，blocking out the sun and burying everything in its path，including whole villages and towns.(P6)普利尼描述道，一团云自山巅而降，遮天蔽日，将所经之处的一切，包括一座座村庄和城镇统统吞没。剖析
24、coming down the mountain，blocking out the sun and burying everything in its path为并列的现在分词短语，作cloud的定语，相当于一个含有主动语态的定语从句。block out vt.遮住，挡住；忘掉，抹去(不愉快的事)Black clouds blocked out the sun.乌云遮住了太阳。拓展block vt.阻塞；n.大块；街区block off封锁；封闭block up阻塞；阻挡a block of一块Various barricade blocked off all the main street
25、of the city.各种路障封锁住了城里所有的主要道路。A severe snowstorm blocked up railroads.暴风雪中断了铁路的正常运营。应用7.Sooner or later the whole basin of water may be turned into_ice in cold winter.Aa piece of Ba block ofCa basin of Da sheet of解析：句意：迟早那盆水在寒冷的冬季会变成一大块冰。唯有“a block of”才能表达此意。a piece of ice一片冰。答案：BThis particularly s
26、ad event left a deep impression on Pliny who had lost an uncle in the eruption. (P6)这次特别悲惨的事件给普利尼留下了深刻的印象，他的一位叔叔在这次火山喷发中丧生了。剖析event n大事，事件This article discussed the events that led to her suicide. 这篇文章讨论了导致她自杀的一系列事件。In any event，the worst that she can do is say “no”不管怎样，她大不了就是说个“不”字。比较accident，incid
27、ent，event，affair与matteraccident不幸的、预料不到的、突发性的意外事件，如车祸、灾难等不幸的、预料不到的、突发性的意外事件，如车祸、灾难等incident多指不重要的小事、小插曲或人生中所碰到的虽小但是印象却很深刻多指不重要的小事、小插曲或人生中所碰到的虽小但是印象却很深刻的平凡事情；还可指外交、政治方面的重要事情的平凡事情；还可指外交、政治方面的重要事情(如事变、战争等如事变、战争等)event重要事件、事变，也可以指体育运动的竞赛项目重要事件、事变，也可以指体育运动的竞赛项目affair单数形式指单数形式指“小事，私事小事，私事”，复数形式指国家内部和国家之间的
28、，复数形式指国家内部和国家之间的“事事务务”matter事情，问题，侧重要考虑和处理的事情或病痛引起的麻烦等事情，问题，侧重要考虑和处理的事情或病痛引起的麻烦等She was injured badly in the accident.她在事故中受了重伤。The police are connecting this incident with last weeks terrorist bombing.警方认为这次事件和上周的恐怖分子爆炸事件有关。The party was a dull affair.这次聚会单调乏味。The minister is busy with important af
29、fairs of state.部长忙于重要国务。I want to speak to her in the matter of my salary.我想跟她谈谈我的薪水问题。提示leave a deep/good impression on sb.给某人留下深刻/好的印象Be sure to leave a good impression on them for the first time.切记第一次给他们留下好的印象。应用8.完成句子(1)这宗事故是人为过失造成的。 The_was caused by human error.(2)最近的事件或许可以作为迫使政府改变政策所需的手段。This
30、 latest_may be the lever needed to change government policy.(3)怎么回事？你为什么哭？Whats the_？Why are you crying?答案：(1)accident(2)incident(3)matterThey had started to dig out the ancient city of Pompeii. (P6)他们开始挖掘庞培古城。剖析start to do sth.开始做某事The snow started to fall down.雪开始下起来。拓展何时start与begin后只用to do作宾语a主语是
31、物不是人的情况。b后面接的是表示心理活动的动词时。c本身为进行时态时。He was starting to get the car started.他开始发动汽车。提示dig out vt.挖出(挖掉，查出)He was buried by an avalanche and had to be dug out.他遇雪崩被埋住了，得把他挖出来。应用9.完成句子(1)我开始考虑我的未来。I_think about my future.(2)发掘过去的历史是不容易的。It is not easy to_the past.(3)他被人从雪崩的雪堆中挖出来。He was_from under the a
32、valanche.答案：(1)started to(2)dig out(3)dug outIn a way，Pompeii is like a “time capsule” preserving a frozen moment in history.(P6)从某种程度上说，庞培古城如同一粒“时间胶囊”保存了历史上一段被封存了的瞬间。剖析in a way(in some way/in one way)从某种程度上说In a/one way youre right，I suppose.我认为，你在某种程度上是对的。拓展与way有关的短语：in this way 以这种方式by the way顺便说
33、，顺便问一下on ones way to.在某人去的路上all the way一直in no way决不in the way挡道Were on the way to success.我们在向成功迈进。Hell play internet game in this way.他将以这种方式玩网络游戏。I think youre putting it together (in) the wrong way.我认为你把它装错了。提示preserve vt.保护，保存nC保护区preserve.from.保护免受I think these traditional customs should be pr
34、eserved.我认为应该保存这些传统习俗。We may preserve the majority of the endangered species from extinction.我们可以保护大多数濒临灭绝的物种免于灭绝。No hunting is allowed in the preserve.在这个保护区内不许狩猎。应用10.完成句子(1)他确实是想帮忙，然而事实上却只是帮倒忙。No doubt he means to help， but in fact he just gets_.(2)盐和调味品有助于保存肉类。Salt and spices help to_meat.答案：(1)
35、in the way(2)preserveHowever，much more than buildings and objects，it is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster that have made the city a monument to human history.(P6)但是，与城里的建筑及物品相比，那些在那场灾难中遇难的人的轮廓像则更使这个城市成为人类历史上的一座纪念碑。剖析It is.that/who.构成强调句型强调结构的形式是“Itbe的适当形式被强调部分that/who剩余部分”，它常用来
36、突出说话人要强调的语言信息，给对方以强烈的印象和感受。在本结构中，it无意义，但不能换成this或that；若原句时态是现在时或将来时，be则用is；若原句谓语动词是过去时，be则用was。若强调部分是人，引导词用who或that均可(若强调部分是作宾语的人，也可用whom)；若是强调其他部分，一律用that。译成汉语时，常加上“正是”等字眼。It was in Greece that Olympic Competitions firstly started.奥林匹克运动会是在希腊首次开始举行的。It must be John that/who will take part in the co
37、ntest on behalf of our class.肯定是约翰将代表我们班参赛。拓展被强调代词的格应与原句保持一致，其谓语动词与原句主语保持一致。It is I who am going to Beijing next week.是我将于下周去北京。 应用11.It was not until midnight_they reached the camp site.Athat BwhenCwhile Das解析：把It was和空白处删掉后成为：They didnt reach the camp site until midnight.其意义仍然讲得通，说明这是一个强调句型，强调时间状语
38、not until midnight，只能选择A项。句意是“他们直到午夜才到达宿营地”。答案：AAnother man，lying on his side，looks as if he is trying to get up.(P6)躺在他身旁的另一个人像是在设法站起来。剖析该句是一个主从复合句，其中as if (as though)引导方式状语从句。如果as if后面的从句所表示的情况是真实的或很可能是真实的，谓语动词用陈述语气，尤其是在feel，look，seem，smell，sound，taste之后。I feel as if I have got a bad cold.我觉得我好像得了
39、感冒。Youd better see a doctor.你最好去看医生。提示如果as if引导的从句表示所叙述的情况与事实相反，谓语动词多用虚拟语气。It looks as if he knew the impressionist in the flesh.看起来他好像认识那位印象派艺术家本人。应用12.用be的适当形式填空The man talks a lot as if he_a knowall.答案：wereThe police arrested the man who was breaking into a jewellery shop. (P7)警察逮捕了那个将要闯入珠宝店的人。剖析
40、break into闯入His house was broken into (eg.by burglars) last week.上星期有人闯入他的房屋(如窃贼)。拓展与break有关的短语：break away from脱离；逃脱；放弃break down出故障；分解break out爆发；突然发生break in插嘴；闯入；打断break off折断；断绝；打断break up分解；打碎break through取得突破性进展；突围；冲破Cant you break away from old habits?你不能戒除旧习惯吗？The telephone system has broken
41、 down.电话系统失灵了。He prophesied that war would break out.他预言说战争将要爆发。应用13.Im considering buying a new car，because my old car_a lot.Abreaks into pieces Bbreaks downCbreaks through Dbreaks up解析：句意：我在考虑买辆新车，因为我的旧车总是出故障。break down出故障。break into pieces破碎；break through取得突破性进展；突围；冲破；break up分解；打碎。答案：B.课文概述熟读课文并
42、完成填空(每空限填一词)。On August 24th,79 AD，Mount Vesuvius，near Pompeii，Italy，1._.The eruption produced clouds of magma (岩浆)，dust and ashes,2._out the sun and burying the whole town.The buried town stayed as it was for over 1,600 years until some scientists found it.They dug them out.To everyones surprise，in
43、a way，Pompeii is like a “time capsule”，3._ _ a frozen moment in history.Before the disaster 4._ _，Pompeii was a booming city. Walking along the streets，tourists can not only 5._ its ancient architecture，such as temples and theatres，statuses，decorated walls and authentic objects 6._of the time，but al
44、so the 7._of the people 8._in the disaster，which have made the city a 9._to human history.On seeing them，tourists feel sorry and deep 10._ for these onceliving statuses.Now，every year large numbers of scientists and tourists come to research and visit them，which makes the once forgotten city still l
45、ive on.答案：1.erupted2.blocking3.preserving4.occured5 admire6.characteristic7.forms8.caught9.monument 10sympathy.完成句子11 Dont_(贸 然 闯 入 ) my bedroom without knocking.答案：burst into12_(那部被丢弃的车子) sheltered them from the rain.答案：The abandoned car13His wife was a_(这起枪击事件中的受害者)答案：victim of the gun shooting14W
46、hen Mount Tai_(映入眼帘)，all the tourists burst out cheers with excitement.答案：came into view15The old man_(被撞倒) by a speeding car was seriously injured.答案：knocked over/down练规范、练技能、练速度过去完成时用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空1 Suddenly， great changes_(take place) in her family before she came back.答案：had taken place2The woma
47、n_(leave) before the man realised she was a cheat.答案：had left3 By the time he came back from America he_(win) ten gold medals.答案：had won4Marry_(go) over ten lessons by seven oclock.Then she took a rest.答案：had gone5Janes father_(work) there since ten years ago，so he knew that place well.答案：had worked
48、6We didnt get in a good harvest because we_ _(have) enough rain.答案：hadnt had7Before the news reached him，he_(get) to know about it from his mother.答案：had got8We found that by that time he_(be) a good worker for a long time.答案：had been9Have you read a book called waiting for Anya?Who_(write) it?答案：wr
49、ote10The moment I got home，I found I _ (leave) my jacket on the playground.答案：had left1过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或某一动作以前已发生的动作，也可表示从过去某一时间开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去的另一时间。By the end of last term we had learned twelve units.到上学期末，我们已经学了12个单元。2过去完成时常由“had动词过去分词”构成。在使用过去完成时时。一定要有过去的时间或动作为参照。常用于下列几种情形：(1)主语过去完成时before从句(从句用一般过
50、去时)。She had learned 5,000 English words before she entered the university.在进入大学前，她已经学会了5,000个英语单词。(2)主语过去完成时when从句(从句用一般过去时)。When we arrived，the train had left.当我们到达时，列车已经出发了。(3)主语过去完成时by从句(从句用一般过去时)。He had worked in Beijing for 5 years by the end of last year.到去年年底，他在北京工作已有5年了。(4)主语told/knew/though
51、t/said.宾语从句(从句用过去完成时)She knew that he had refused her suggestion.她知道他已经拒绝了自己的建议。(5)利用上、下文暗示He was surprised to find the motorbike which had been stolen.找到他曾失窃的摩托车，他感到很吃惊。提示think，believe，want，suppose，intend，mean，expect等表示主观想法的动词，可用于过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等，意为“原本”。We had wanted to catch the early tr
52、ain，but we could not get there in time.我们原本想赶早班车，但未能及时赶到那里。3 表 示 ”一 就 ”的 hardly.when； no sooner. than； scarcely.when和 过 去 完 成 时 连 用 ， 构 成 ：Hardly/No sooner/Scarcely had主语过去分词when/than，/when一般过去时结构。We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.我们
53、一坐下，公共汽车就开动了。4过去完成时与一般过去时的区别：一般过去时指现在的过去，过去完成时指过去的过去，二者参照的时间不同。He said he had tried at least three times.他说他至少已试过三次了。(tried在said之前发生)He tried several times.他曾经尝试过几次。(相对于现在已成为过去).单项填空1John，a friend of mine，who got married only last week， spent$3,000 more than he_for the wedding.Awill planBhad planned
54、Cwould plan Dhas planned答案：D2I was giving a talk to a large group of people，the same talk I_to half a dozen other groups.Awas giving Bam givingChad given Dhave given答案：C3The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous.She_before.Ahasnt flown Bdidnt flyChadnt flown Dwasnt flying答案：C4H
55、e_more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.Ahas learned Bwould have learnedClearned Dhad learned答案：D5Father_for London on business upon my arrival，so I didnt see him.Ahas left BleftCwas leaving Dhad left答案：D6Hurry up！Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the schoo
56、l gate.Oh！I thought they_without me.Awent Bare goingChave gone Dhad gone答案：D7The first album made by Shania Twain_ten million copies.Ais selling Bwas soldChas sold Dis sold答案：C8The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small black box which_placed under the ministers car.Ahas been Bwas being
57、Chad been Dwould be答案：C9Have you ever visited the Opera House?Yes.When I was in Sydney，I_it twice.Ahave visited BvisitedChad visited Dwould visit答案：B10She ought to stop working.She has a headache because she _all day long.Ahas been reading Bhad readCis reading Dread答案：A.完成句子11昨天我没去看电影，因为那部片子我以前看过。I
58、didnt go to the cinema yesterday，_ _.答案：because I had seen the film before12过去没人知道他一直在干什么。Nobody knew_.答案：what he had been doing13我真不知道你一直那么忙。I really didnt know_ _.答案：you had been so busy14当我们到电影院时，电影已经开始半个小时了。When we got to the cinema，_ _.答案：the film had been on for half an hour15那场大雨来得突然，停得也突然。The heavy rain stopped_.答案：as suddenly as it had started
