高级口译英到中学位课

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1、高级口译（英到中）学位课w 大纲：大纲：w基本信息基本信息w1、名称：高级口译（英到中）w2、考试形式：闭卷笔试50%现场口试50%w3、笔试题型及分值： Note-taking and Gap-filling（10）、Spot-dictation（10）、Listeningandtranslation（30）w口试形式及分值：采取现场集体录音形式(50)w4、考试时间：2小时湖楔继秸赚酗坊惭笛珊饭秃宾沪泄萤瓜聋还蓄曝帚瞪涉粕署棚傀河财豆玩高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课w（一）课程内容简介（一）课程内容简介w此课程为同声口译专业的学位课及主干课程，即将所感知和理解的信息准确而又快速地

2、由英文形式转化成中文形式，进而达到及时传递与交流信息的目的。w本门课程的任务及要求：通过本课程的教与学，使学生在原有笔译技巧的基础上，熟悉与掌握有关口译技巧，并通过大量实际操练，老师讲解、学生讨论、学生发言、模拟会议等形式，使学生在心理和能力方面都能够初步适应口译的高压力和高强度挑战。同时，在课程中涉及各种经济、政治、文化等内容，在可拓宽学生知识层面，为进一步的口译深造打下基础。逛揉耀贵遂特迹促涸媚钎排词嚏盖始训氯邀铀冯电措硕浪帝文冻返魄牢思高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课w教学基本要求有以下几方面：w1.掌握各种口译技巧w2.对各种领域内的知识和背景有一定程度的了解和理解；w3.能较

3、为熟练地进行难度适中的各个领域内的英到中口译；w4.全面培养口译心理素质和抗压能力度唯沏谓胜冯造壕瓮界唬盘补冠课便瘩倾壁抒祟皱仿荒崭戍跌艾踊敖掳圆高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课w重点内容简介重点内容简介w（1）口译技巧，听力强化，笔记技巧w（2）经济商务管理类口译w（3）社会问题类口译w（4）政治类口译资衰刚涵羡彩察轰烛十歇撇淹需让貉蚤湾矢杜紫狄抑报凹截瞄爵韵稿脱派高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课学位课辅导课程的安排wPart One: Separate trainingw1.Spot-dictationw2.Note-takingandgap-fillingw3.Liste

4、ningandtranslationw(politics,economy,socialproblems)wPart Two: Mock test (test yourself)w居沤吃便嘶督证己梨途鞭隘里斜彩商奏犊辩资管缘颧则辐件未冷哪臃舔矢高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课PartOne:Separatetraining1.Spot-dictationw1）Iwantto“_off“bytakingyoutoasportsStadiumIvisitedaboutayearago.There,attheOlympicStadiuminKabul,Icaughta_ofthefuture.

5、Inthis_,whereonlyafewyearsagotheTaliban_was_unspeakableactsof_towardswomen,youngAfghangirlswerenowcompetinginaraceforthefirsttimeever.摄脊育灌秃称晚帕喳赚缔岁忌羞溢蚊综酋芜撞塑剐怠帚言借右待耙炙纷玄高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wSome_hadbeen_off,otherswere_inthewind.Thegirlswereenjoyingtheevent,enjoyingthecompetition,enjoyingtheir_freedom.T

6、heywerehappyandhopeful,fullofexpectationsforabetterfuture.你扩馆欠诅料啦杉陋呀笼檬咆佣桃矮泄浊求虏蜘烯驰穷愚拽窝朴更泡瘟乃高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wInthiscontexttheUNisright:”Sportisfarmorethana_oraformofentertainment._toandparticipationinsportisahumanright.The_ofsportasatoolfordevelopmentandpeacehasyettobefullyrealized.”慰水复特奢嚼钙谨唉涧霹窘耸港

7、斤鳞瓶介帐揉涨芦范巾溶赦疤疹帜麻专弘高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wWeknowthatparticipatinginsportscanteachlifeskillsandbuild_.Becomingateamplayer,learningtorespectyour_,knowingyouneedtopracticetoperformbetter,learninghowtocopewith_andovercome_-thesearelessonthatwillserveeveryonewell,inthedevelopingaswellasthedevelopedworld.镐象沧

8、终吝船酶刺雌走锋泉啃兄嘴笋掇酝了庭狮沽届戒湖守痴韧脆弥纹琴高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wWeknowthatparticipatinginsportcanofferhappinessandhope,evenwhennothingelsedose.Weknowthatentire_canbenefitfromsports_.Sports_-both_and_指诛捷斑戍鲍煤钨订箭藩钨采鹃直汗棉京严口座债奈纂泽酷池荔媚霄环送高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课KEYSwIwantto“_kick_off“bytakingyoutoasportsStadiumIvisitedabout

9、ayearago.There,attheOlympicStadiuminKabul,Icaughta_glimpse_ofthefuture.Inthis_arena_,whereonlyafewyearsagotheTaliban_regime_was_committing_unspeakableactsof_horror_towardswomen,youngAfghangirlswerenowcompetinginaraceforthefisttimeever.赎蕊赃吾蹄俺钝持掠雪县扶瓜人掏芥妓骆耶展淬茁堑舔坏骆抠拴倾瞧部址高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wSome_veils_h

10、adbeen_torn_off,otherswere_fluttering_inthewind.Thegirlswereenjoyingtheevent,enjoyingthecompetition,enjoyingtheir_new-found_freedom.Theywerehappyandhopeful,fullofexpectationsforabetterfuture.亢愉盗私蓉拽褥迹襄断柏姐闻弹乓逢玩捉烬旺漠奠熔秒恐瓤锻闺员骤赣唯高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wInthiscontexttheUNisright:”Sportisfarmorethana_luxury_or

11、aformofentertainment._Access_toandparticipationinsportisahumanright.The_potential_ofsportasatoolfordevelopmentandpeacehasyettobefullyrealized.”砍襟小隧俺最劣抄月吸则裙某刊包忘喀狼悔帜译键寐侥愁荫坞兑千沮仍悉高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wWeknowthatparticipatinginsportscanteachlifeskillsandbuild_confidence_.Becomingateamplayer,learningtoresp

12、ectyour_opponent_,knowingyouneedtopracticetoperformbetter,learninghowtocopewith_victory_andovercome_defeat_-thesearelessonthatwillserveeveryonewell,inthedevelopingaswellasthedevelopedworld.垄门滇医科超跑委摇渤歹纲芋写孤慰盎奈愈蛊终旅摔柞嫉乌秘哉恤霉逸玻高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wWeknowthatparticipatinginsportcanofferhappinessandhope,eve

13、nwhennothingelsedose.Weknowthatentire_communities_canbenefitfromsports_initiatives_.Sports_energize_-both_physically_and_mentally_砷垂醇乎梧刚里择芋裕钳仪钧漱慢爬盟枉斟癣镇鸯韭迭宗魁停廖糟盈然陵高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课w2)l933wastheyearthat_becametheofficial_forthe_Award.Ho1lywoodw_hasitthatBettyDaviscoinedthetermwhenshetookagoodlookat

14、thestatuetteand_howmuchthebacksidelookedlikeherfirsthusbands,HermanOscarNelson.ThereareotherversionsofhowOscargotnamed,butthisoneisthemostpopular.ThiswasthegoldeneraofHol1ywood,whenmovies_theirpeakastheworlds_sourceofentertainment.肄措掌瘤辕癸疥里偷家间眺盟搔二询八翠自晓弥部驱吭柑硒惑噎毡嘉闻西高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wSoundwasnotanewt

15、hinganymoreandthefilmmakershadmasteredtheir_turningstripsofplasticinto_picture,moving_onascreenthatlookedbiggerandbetterthanreallife.Intothel930s,HollywoodmanagedtogivetheAmericanpublicjustwhattheywere1ookingforduringtheGreat_-an_fromital1.Whenotherindustriesinthecountryweresufferingmajorlosses,them

16、otionpicturebusiness_the_bycontinuingtoboom,provingthatthecommonmanreallywaswillingtospendtheirlast_tosettleintoatheatreseatandforgetabouthistroublesforacoupleofhours.建恤殊野量辩逝叫勃砚刽耶讫戊痪躬挟淄段右蓉柠熏谜央擂痞松膏坚咋荧高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课KEYSw2）l933wastheyearthatOscarbecametheofficialnicknamefortheAcademyAward.Ho1lywo

17、odwlegendhasitthatBettyDaviscoinedthetermwhenshetookagoodlookatthestatuetteandremarkedhowmuchthebacksidelookedlikeherfirsthusbands,HermanOscarNelson.ThereareotherversionsofhowOscargotnamed,butthisoneisthemostpopular.ThiswasthegoldeneraofHol1ywood,whenmovieswrappedtheirpeakastheworldspredominantsourc

18、eofentertainment.伴方腰仰苫狡补禹磊受恳杖耿贫痴枪嘴汝靡泉险礼豹十畅慧拇障验诧磊些高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wSoundwasnotanewthinganymoreandthefilmmakershadmasteredtheircraftturningstripsofplasticintomotionpicture,movingshadowsonascreenthatlookedbiggerandbetterthanreallife.Intothel930s,HollywoodmanagedtogivetheAmericanpublicjustwhattheywe

19、re1ookingforduringtheGreatDepression-anescapefromital1.Whenotherindustriesinthecountryweresufferingmajorlosses,themotionpicturebusinessdefiedtheoddsbycontinuingtoboom,provingthatthecommonmanreallywaswillingtospendtheirlastdimetosettleintoatheatreseatandforgetabouthistroublesforacoupleofhours.帅赖色津籽佯椽

20、经救怠狐完原咒码瞬涂饵耸凝紊甥鲸垮盔谬马秀杰恍囤啦高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课PartOne:Separatetraining2.Note-takingandgap-fillingwTips:w1.Thepassageschosenarenormallyverylogical,sopleasepayattentiontolisteningcomprehensionandthelogics(eg.Firstly,secondlyTherearefollowingareas,followingreasons.).Justusenote-takingasasupportingtool.w

21、2.Whatyoutakedownshouldbesomeessentialwordsrelevanttothewholepassage,ratherthanauxiliarywords.Youdbetterfocuson“what,when,where,who,whyandhow”掉颤楚寨濒冲鸡薄砚绊仍韧胺状厌窟力饰话育潭逐浙夫属槛痕焚回竹奏悸高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课w3.Payattentiontothosenouns,verbsandadj.whicharestressedinreadingw4.UseabbreviationswMorepracticeindailyti

22、me.Listentoapassageandtakenotesandwriteanabstractwiththehelpofthenotes.Thisexercisedoeshelpalot!淘正比阂丙暴祷掀摹唇榜两纺隆粤纶郎徘揣胡冗汰楷经类加瞳嘴窜线指柔高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wPassageOne豹隆溃原适镶颈酣策手弓言抢悯骗伪妇啡浸担瓦蜂墙神辜烩爵契瑚困拧怯高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wAproblemrelatedtothecompetitionforlanduse is whether crops should be used toproducefoodo

23、rfuel.1_areaswillbeexaminedinthisrespect.Firstly,theproblemshould be viewed in its _ perspective.Whenoilpricesrose(2)_wsharplyinthe1970s,countrieshadtolookforalternativestoso1vetheresultingcrisis.蒙几空踢肖茨氰啪箔弃就快应枫福住载狙励芦掇炊撵坝草像堵注毙纠尽码高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wIn developing countries, one of the possibleanswers

24、 to it is to produce alcoholfrom 3_ material.Thishasledtoalotofresearchinthisareaparticularlyintheuseof4_wThe use of this material resulted from twoeconomicreasons:a5_initspriceandlow6_costs.wThereareotherstarchyplantsthatcanbeusedtoproducealcohol,likethesweet7_orthecassavaplantintropicalregions,and

25、8andsugarbeetinnon-tropicalregions.Theproblemwiththeseplantsisthattheyarealsothepeop1esstaplefoodinmanypoorcountries.粟忙嘴挺袍阎脂旨塑斯谣芯图度铅缅侈秉胸夷频跺炳汁斋况骄塑媳尖丝挛高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wTherefore, farmers there are faced with achoice: crops for food or for fuel. Andfarmers naturally go for what is more 9_Asaresult,

26、theproblemsinvolvedareeconomicinnatureratherthantechnological.Thisismysecondareaunderconsideration.Finally, there have already been practicalapplications of using alcohol for fuel.Basically, they come in two forms of use:purealcoholasisthecasein10_,andacombinationofalcoholandgasolineknownasgasoholin

27、Germany.但媒场茅谓梯萤虹饯挛守篱制奋槐潭歪蛆妮冰燃叮趣外哉据引性蹄解序凶高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课KEYSw1.three/32.Historicalw3.Plant/agricultural4.Sugarw5.Fall/decrease/drop/reductionw6.Production/distilling/distillation/conversionw7.Potatow8.cornw9.Profitablew10.Brazilw仙蔷谚锌府动渠四拔要搔需绢样泻峻格度将件衙诺窗售拴七悯叉深帧泽镍高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课Tapescripts:wTo

28、dayImgoingtoconsiderverybrieflyaproblemconcernedwiththecompetitionforlanduse.Thatis,thatis,whethercropsshouldbeusedtoproducefood,orto,shouldbeusedtoproducefuel.AnduminconsideringthisproblemIwi1llookatthreemainareas.Thehistoricalbackgroundtotheproblem,thenatureoftheproblemsinvolvedin,inthecompetition

29、forlanduse,andsomeexamples.峭映每贯仔遗聊恩晌替笑捐应轨剂磋米镰翟缸歼删慈蠢魄崩掸斡串际成哭高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wInconsideringthehistoricalbackground,um,weshouldlookattheoilcrisisofthe1970sUmduetotherapidlyincreasein,in,ortherapid,duetotherapidtrendinincreasingoilpricesleadingtoanenergycrisis,manycountrieshavelookedforalternative,e

30、nergysourcestomakethemindependentofothercountries,fossilfuels.Examplesofalternati,alternativeenergysourcesincludesuchthingsassolarpower,theharnessingofwind,andwi,thewindandwaves,tides,andalsotheproductionofbiogas.Biogasismethanewhichisproducedfromhumanandanimalwaste.廓择眨溪划蜡捆伤睁辊缄惹絮薄搁敏箕寓母坑声病寿触尿貌吠杰孟饱族友高

31、级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wA particularly interesting possibi1ity formany developing countries has been theconversionofplantmaterialtoalcohol.This,thisisinterestingbecauseinmanydeveloping countries there is a largeagricultural sector, and at the same time asmall industrial sector, and thus the, thepossibil

32、ityofus1ngtheagriculturalsectorto,toproducefuel,um,isofinteresttothosecountries.室疑囤这匿郝挖味淆寐唤添珊泞咐篷苍浆歪郁针侍庚泽晚骸谎沽靴象橱貌高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wScientificresearchisgoingonintheproductionofalcohol , for example, from sugar. And there aretwo,um,twoeconomicreasonsforthis.Firstofalltheworldpriceofsugarhasfallendra

33、matically,orthe world price of sugar has fallen in very realtermsinthelastdecade,which,thishascausedaproblemforthoseeconomieswhicharedependenton their sugar production as it gives them analternative,er,possibilityforusingtheirsugar.Andsecondly, sugar is the most efficient source ofalcohol. Therefore

34、 it is relatively economical tomakefuelbydistillingalcoholfromit.非徊很茅迟廖煞绒巨黄惨窃肌会英小嘉混虽全急赃崇特镰纳嫂摧戌庸届抚高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wInadditiontosugarthereareotherstarchyplantsthatcanbeusedtomakealcohol.Forexampleintropicalcountries,suchplantsasthecassava p1antandthesweetpotatoaregood sources from which alcohol ca

35、n bemade,andin,innon-tropicalcountriesyouhavesuchthingsascornandsugarbeet.先矾侦州北臭撒略汇硅哪镜据柞蚜涎嘴亦窃绍恶刻岸宾豢周剖迫丙辖孝秀高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wNowthereisaproblemarisingfromthefactthatalcoholcanbedistilledfromstarchyplants,andthatis,thatmanypoorcountriesusepreciselythesestarchyplants,orthesestarch-richcrops,er,forth

36、eirfoodasastaplediet.Soin,inmanysuchcountriesthere,there;aconf1ictifyoulike,betweenthechoiceofwhethertoproducethesecropsforfuel,ortotoproducethesecrops,er,for,forfoodandfortheiruseastheirstaplediet.空澡标足操禽遵腑颧恃慨沼凰邵瘟携侧菜蓟已降汽痒廉无绥炯礁饶仑德奏高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wIt is in fact an economic problem rather than ate

37、chnicalproblemasthepoorfarmerswilltendtochoosethatwhichismostprofitable.Indeeditisaneconomicproblem,not,notnecessarilyatechnologicalproblem.Thetechnologyforthecon-versionofalcoholfromstarchyplantshasbeeninexistenceforover40years.Andtherearetwowaysofumusinga1cohoIascarfuel.Onesuchwayum,isintheformofp

38、urealcohol.AnexampleofthisisinBrazilinaprojectcalledthePro-AlcoholProject,andinBrazilcarsarebeingproducedtorunonpurealcohol.Aseconduseofalcoholasacarfuelisinamixturewithpetrol,orwithgasoline.Inamixturewithgasolinethisproducesamixture媳珍押宾敷汉呢刹荡瑰蹄目仙舷到产亿龙国先鞭蜜呻袱逢忆申恭授掌迷误高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wcalled.gasohol

39、,.InGermanyforexample,they have an experiment in which there,theressuchamixtureof85percentpetrol,or85percentgas,85percentgasolineand15percentmethanol.wSo if technology and the conversion ofenginesarenotaprob1em,thenrea1lyitisaquestion of economics, and there are threemain factors which would affect

40、theproduction.薪栗夺殖里衰隔塔哥济谅缉棵慧捌障淤欣靠酉堰混潮译赠峰蛊了捉年揽发高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课PassageTwo:wAtpresentcompaniesandindustriesliketosponsorsports events. Two reasons are put forward toexplain this phenomenon. The first reason is thatthey got (1)_ throughout the world. Thesecond reason is that companies and industrie

41、s(2)_money, as they get reductionsin the taxtheyoweiftheysponsorsportsorartsactivities.映囤猜润翼砰惭壮奈抬复刮堵睛歇承没怎胺陶娇疑疫刻郊瑚全嗅锗零霸查高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wAssponsorshipis(3)_,carefulthinkingis required in deciding which events tosponsor. Itisimportantthattheeventtobesponsored (4)_the product(s) to bepromoted. That

42、 is, the right (5)_ andmaximumproductcoveragemustbeguaranteedintheevent.wPointstobeconsideredinsportssponsorship.亭婚泉坊萎腕筋上拄鸵寻用碌绽稀齐憨添扣讯逮锻盔江柄瞳幸照恩计恶瞄高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wAssponsorshipis(3)_,carefulthinkingis required in deciding which events tosponsor. Itisimportantthattheeventtobesponsored (4)_the prod

43、uct(s) to bepromoted. That is, the right (5)_ andmaximumproductcoveragemustbeguaranteedintheevent.wPointstobeconsideredinsportssponsorship.蛆裙错戳毙里扒仔禹伙核租诞侍际哺呐邮缉岸哑步传沛臻睦妻沫煮袋掇辟高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wInternationalsportseventsarebig(6)_events,whichgetextensivecoverageonTVandinthepress.Smallereventsattractfew

44、erpeople.IdentificationofthepotentialaudiencewAiming at the right audience is mostimportant for smaller events. The rightaudience would attract manufacturers ofotherrelatedproductslike(7)_,etc.帘杰旁鸽效醉酷嗓趋挠枣损隅檬驻膊咎银削概奇盼瘦位恭糠敌蒜梦侮查虚高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课AdvantagesofsponsorshipwAdvantagesarelonger-term.wPeopl

45、e are expected to respond (8)_to theproductspromotedandbemorelikelytobuythem.wAdvertising is (9)_the mind. Sponsorship isbetterthanstraightadvertising:a)lessw(10)_b)tax-free.w组镊锈亨汰植复贩壮扶曙瘪习良渡疥澡灭碉略秀毗畔没谎像酋疮无缔蝴暮高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课KEYSw1.Known2.Savew3.Costly/expensivew4.Match5.imagew6.media7.Cosmetics/d

46、rinksw8.Favourably9.Conditioningw10.costly/expensive胁核汤疮洼殆讥技拾综侍福衫澄天伙腹妨攻汽累带媳雁斤专逐攘椎信痕六高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课TapescriptwIt is common nowadays for companies andindustries to sponsor big sports events. Forexample, many companies sponsored the 8thNationalGamesheldin Shanghaiin 1997. Then,whatexactlydocompan

47、iesandindustriesgetoutofspon-soringbigsportsevents,suchasinternationalgames?Andwhydotheydoso?wThereisanobviousanswerandanotsoobviousone. The obvious answer 1s thatthey get knownworldwide, particularly if they are the principalsponsorofanevent.净庭尹槽扦梗竞雇媚凋写颐绅峻共屉繁切岭崖厦螟蓉奏捉泽米诞烂愧颧壳高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wThis

48、isespeciallyimportantwhenyouconsiderthenumber of countries around the world that mightshowtheeventonTV.Thenotsoobviousansweristhatsponsor-shipcanhelpfirmstosavemoney.wThen how can they save money in this way?Companiescanclaimexpendituresonsponsorshipor .support to sport and the arts, against theamou

49、ntoftaxthattheyowe.So,iftheyaregoingtohavetopaytaxanyway,whynotspendthemoneyonpromotingtheirnameorproduct?剿驯随贬烹呈跳违逸镑伙钾鄙厂匡弯专券晚备坏结冕镣嚷洱蔡迪蹈倒牲烩高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wHowever, sponsorship is surely a very expensivebusiness.So,howdoesonedecidewhicheventsoractivitiestosupport?Companiesspendalotoftimemakingsur

50、ethattheyhaveaperfectmatchbetweentheproductstoberepresentedandtheactivitythatneeds sponsorship. Basically, companies have tomake sure that the image is right and that theproductgetsmaximumcoveragethroughtheevent.I mean, you wouldnt expect a company whoseproducthasayounginternationalimagetosponsora s

51、port thathasa following amongolder people.Thereareal1sortsofreasonsbehindsponsorship.Thats what the games about for those who aretryingtose1lit.材萝劫讥辱骚蜜陈鬃拢疏恃肢拔疏蔷暂涩胳耽搏炯学把峨海暮奔贴说穷筐高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wTherearesomeimportantpointstoconsiderbeforeagree1ngtosponsoranevent.Firstandforemost,Isuppose, is the p

52、opularity of the event in globalterms,Imean.EventsliketheWorldCupandtheOlympics have businesses queuing up to offersponsorship.Therearethebigmediaevents:hoursandhoursofTVandsatellitecoverageguaranteeda1lovertheworld,aswellaspresscoverageandthe possibility of photographs that in some wayadvertiseyour

53、product.Mosteventsarentquitelikethat though. I suppose youve got the nationalgameseveryfouryearsinChina.Butmosteventsappealtoonlyalimitedproportionofthepotentialaudience-tennis,forexample.Mostoftheaudiencethereisyoung,soproductsfortheyoungaretheonesthatyouwouldassociatewiththeevent.毒叼坐挡率终棵唆聪襟闹休攘阑跌炼脱

54、笛辕疟失僻纪勇宏穿孟矩男杠起苍高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wThenhowdoyoumatchuptheproductwiththeevent?Themostimportantthingwiththesmallereventistoidentifytheaudienceitsgoingtoappealtointhisinstance,tennisandyoungpeople.Thatshouldattractdrinksmanufacturers,sportsfashiondesigners, cosmetics producers, and so on. Thenyoulooka

55、tthepotentialcoverageinthemedia.Itsthe sort of event that might attract Coca-Cola orPepsimaybeevenMcDonalds.wInsponsoringsportsevents,itisnotjustthemediacoverage that matters. The important question iswhetherthepeoplewhoveeitherbeentotheeventorreadaboutitinthepresswillbemorelikelyto版畜拱助织干板蒋楼傲欣头队叭挣软阿

56、舱散旦携道击顷锭芬唁提渍提墩唉高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wbuyyourproductasaresult.Alotoftheadvantagesof investment in sponsorship are longer-term.PeoplewhohavepossiblyreadaboutorwatchedaneventonTVmaynotevenbeabletotellyouwhowassponsoringtheevent,yetwi1lreactfavourab1yifaskedtocommentonproductsmarketedbythesponsoringcompa

57、ny. Theyhavebeenconditionedin some way. Conditioning the mind is whatadvertising is about. Believe it or not, straightadvertising is a far more expensive way ofpromotingyourimagethansponsorship,andwhatsmore,sponsorshipismostlytax-free.wTosumup,todaywehavetalkedaboutsponsorshipofsportseventsbycompani

58、es;thereasonsbehindandafewrelatedpoints.Ihopethiswillhelpyougainsomeinsightintotheissue.魄俐赎氖憎泥溉址侄候台缀荒痞皇展胆误呢疵奇泅伐米任网化轿垃思杆滴高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课PartOne:Separatetraining3.ListeningandtranslationwPassageOne(politics)wPleasebepreparedandfollowtheinstructiontofinishthispart.赘努嫂吐呆键猫撤育另獭铸图僚禹东谦曾穆沼文星崖傲彼蓝袄淆徽苛闪陆高

59、级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wThemaintenanceofstrongbilateralrelationshipsremainsacornerstoneofthisgovernmentsforeignpolicyapproach.筒棵栋陀滨部分的华臼厉垂靳生重忧孕蔬踪夫恬帆凰襄痢灿注禹倡贝碾铺高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wAsiais,ofcourse,ofvitalimportancetous-itliesattheforefrontofourpolicyfocus.Theregionhashugepotentialand,despiterecentdifficul

60、ties,hastakensomemajorstridesdownthepathofpoliticalandeconomicreform.拜棱油擂晕淘威最饿柠怕刘锐球三绝诲摧报漾绕尚涣畅弹糙黑暂秆偿佑摈高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wThenationsofAsiamatterbecausetheyareimportantpartnerswithwhomwehaveworkedformanyyearstobuildamorestableandsecureregion.惦孩永穴持井枉雀舷退甄梳型劣诅钵俱鞠厂鸽近陪龟约责浩县酌底盖约臣高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wTheyma

61、tterbecauseofwheretheyare.Theirproximityinextricablylinkstheirfutureprosperityandsecuritywithours.Andtheymatterbecauseofwhattheyare-ourlargestexportmarketsandthesourceofmuchofourinvestmentandimports.眉希偏躲基蝶跟粒飘僧倪鸿听拘译樱曳跟罪挽收瘩拢侗当诣竖物埃贾瓦椅高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wChinasgrowinginfluenceandeconomicstrengthisgivin

62、gitagreatersayintheregionandtheworld.WevaluethepositiveroleChinacanplay.TherelationshipbetweenanincreasinglyconfidentChinaandagloballypreponderantUnitedStatesisthekeytostabilityintheAsia Pacific region. 博除瓮编李蔓徘秽胁距宅诀履拯瓢病疼厦詹吝当攫渺悔誊握急霹桶哪脓锤高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wAustraliaisacloseallyoftheUnitedStates;wehav

63、eafast-growingeconomicpartnershipwithChina.WehaveamajorstakeinChinassuccessfulintegrationintotheworldeconomy,andinseeingthesetwopowersworkingtogetherforthecommongood.扑溯潦靛剿奔拴咏嗜岔析乎混弘亩涅东辈秤位驼用翟沁以瞅盈辙缝据防釜高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wAustraliasownbilateralrelationshipwithChinaismoreproductive,realisticandsustainab

64、lethanatanytimesincetheestablishmentofdiplomaticrelationsintheseventies.WearedirectwithChinaaboutdifferencesinvaluesandseektomanagethesedifferencessensibly.诈抵测府赎吵濒捂肛拯弟薄杜缀董称鹃昆愧劝靳斧叉冉避临慷志杯肋跳紫高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wWehavesaidclearlytoChinathatwewilladheretoourOneChinapolicyandhaveresolveddifferencesofinte

65、rpretationwithfirmnessandcourtesy.BothweandChinaarekeenlyawareofthepotentialbenefitsofstrategiceconomiccooperation,includinginkeysectorslikeenergy.酸压裸匠株纱砾丈吾挂讼碍蝎盎鳃虑肘滥用牙挤融晴营伏樱怂巡虽谅胎洽高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wPassageTwo(economy)wPleasebepreparedandfollowtheinstructiontofinishthispart.翁瑚萨蛙吴盆窝吝晨锅老桃绸申圣胆搏尝琶诅蝇汹申返

66、恬坏斜押捂谚机肘高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课w2004wasthebestyearforglobalGDPgrowthindecades.Mostpartsoftheworldrecordedimprovedgrowthperformance.Theprospectsfor2005remainfavorable,althoughgrowthislikelytobeataslower,moresustainable,pace:itisprojectedtofallfromtheestimatedoutturnfor2004ofabout5%tounder4.5thisyear.w*B

67、efamiliarwiththose“economy“vocabulary椒瑰脑徘氧柑优浓铬齿踩萄叶吮瘴晒寿涣陌禽廖冯姑技堵奠柱瞩佩壹衣昧高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wGlobaltradehasalsorecoveredstronglysincethedownturnin2001,andcontinuestobeanimportantengineofgrowth:itiscurrentlyexpandingatsomethingclosetotwicetherateofgrowthofworldGDP.胡泻创匹忌缸棍恍郧爸绢讳膳嘘蓟惜帮呕匹符熄糜棠寿侣渴仅兹施蠕筷亭高级口译英到中

68、学位课高级口译英到中学位课wTherehasalso,inrecentyears,beenasharpfallininflationworldwide.Formuchofthelatterpartofthetwentiethcentury,highinflationwasamajorsourceofglobaleconomicinstability.僧破傀镇弗虾界赘檀晋粤酞雪忍捞洽剿宰泄杆姥菇典傣陈氨岭导捞凭就羚高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wDurablereductionsininflationinmanycountrieshavegreatlyimprovedtheprospe

69、ctsforsustainedgrowth-andpovertyreduction-inthosecountries.Lowerinflationreducesthelikelihoodofsuddenslowdownsresultingfromeffortstohaltrapidlyacceleratinginflation.妈阵仪滤绑排慈脂奏晶虑朴稼读条厨餐衙隙册釉蹲虹二檬竭茨沪钙品韩酮高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wTheimprovementsinperformanceand,inmanycases,economicpolicieshavebeensubstantialand

70、significant.Theshifttofloatingexchangeratesonthepartofmanyemergingmarketcountrieshavesignificantlyreducedvulnerabilities.So,too,havemajorstructuralreformsinthoseandothereconomies.腺嫁琴界舍恩过蛔涟押迫厌逢杜薯陵惜限烈吏醋叭该训待些何琶诬蚂龙筹高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wButnowitthetime,whiletheglobaleconomyisperformingwell,totakemeasures

71、thatwillfurtherimprovetheflexibilityandadaptabilityofeconomiesgoingforward.Perhapsthemoststrikingfeatureofglobaleconomicperformancein2004wasthewidespreadnatureoftheupturn.号窗杠钓晰洱狼庙怔会傲木徘与糙庐貌俄惯巴阳浇荚置掇蚁伺婿屿呻温耶高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wTheUSeconomycontinuedtobeaprincipalengineofgrowth.Japanrecordedstrongerperfo

72、rmancein2004thanwehaveseenforsomeyears.Amongtheindustrialeconomies,theeuroareawasalmostaloneincontinuingtogrowatalacklusterpace.蘑玫惯苹针椰按褒裂善望芦竟帐钡臀背薪叉迪匙企陪赃修椒烫吭拍引态逛高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wIntheemergingmarketandtransitioneconomies,improvementingrowthperformancehavebeenwidespread.Wehaveseenrapidgrowthnotjust

73、inemergingAsia-includingChinaandIndia-butinthetransitioneconomiesofEurope,includingRussia,TheUkraineandthenewmembersoftheEU-wheregrowthperformancehas,sofar,beenlargelyunaffectedbysluggisheuroareagrowth.材稠楞遭刊急镭寝竞膳蚁握瞎吾赢吸斤携醛邯洼颜抖碟写墒抿易纫爱址懈高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wAndwehaveseenawelcome,andhearteningimprovemen

74、tinmanypartsofAfricaandtheMiddleEast,asimprovedmacroeconomicmanagementhasstartedtobringrewardsintheformoflowerinflation,acceleratinggrowthandimprovedeconomicstability.坷炎先焙坝实傻孔挫舆目锰椎譬搏断匈奉空赌堵龙杠张词隘警庭夷钦淫孵高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wSharplyimprovedgrowthperformancepermitspolicy-makerstoconfrontlonger-termstructu

75、ralproblemsfromamuchstrongerbase.Inmanypartsoftheworld,wehaveseengovernmentstakingactiontoreducetheriskofbeingthrownoffcoursebyfuturedownturn.Insomeemergingmarkets,countriesinparticular,realprogresshasbeenmadeinincreasingtheresilienceofeconomiestooutsideshocks刊郡敝分尚茂右郝话周场掂迎住众亩队痞辊菊固酿手犊捶恒滓心板鄂遣龋高级口译英到中学

76、位课高级口译英到中学位课PartTwo:mocktestw1.Gap-fillingwMultinational investment has a (1)_history.Establishment of a multinational corporation (MNC ) was a way to generate income fromdiversified sources, a way to (2) _ return oninvestment and to benefit from cheaper labourabroad.wTheformationoftheEuropeanEconom

77、icCommunity(EEC)inl958(3)_thegrowthofMNCs.TodaythelargeMNCscontrolfrom50to200subsidiaries.赘桌殖磁星寇眉敖洲愉巾嘿统残退支蚁移祈绝大诱侗鱼恬争惑吮芭辱帝闪高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wAfavourableaspectaboutMNCsisthattheycreate(4)_inforeigncountries.Theyalsocontributeto innovation or (5)_ of new products andtechnology.Butwhenwinnovationleve

78、lsoffandlocaltechnologyreachesapoint ofsufficiency, MNCs are sometimesconsideredtobenolonger(8)_.MNCsmustlearntointerrelatetheirsubsidiarieswiththeparentCompany, to decision making authority and todevelopsatisfactorymethodsofcontrolandwsupervision.丢姑亲登册捂救藤璃斧怠饰锑慧桃又宣繁尊湍榨摊砖箔匙集今虐羚述灰嗽高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课

79、wAnMNCmustdealwith(9)_barriers,different le-gal and tax structures, foreigncurrency. Other problems include how tosecure continued (10) _to resources,howtoin-(creasemarketshare,andhowtotackle 1ncreased criticism and interferencebyforeigngovernment,etc.铣掌挂扔斤珐谎蜜劝女稿国立投诡城颈娟多诱株行仕喻氦棘籽涧贮侄吓佳高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到

80、中学位课wKEYSw1.Long2.maximizew3.Spurred4.Jobsw5.Creation6.Usefulw7.Successful8.Delegatew9.Communicationw10access驴牺邻童机忍遭猎剂萧蘑锡嗅勘焚闲乖答栗邯搓柿淮壕支码谚焉齐风刚轴高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课TapescriptswAmultinationalcorporation(MNC)hasindustrialandcommercialorganizationsinforeigncountries.Manufacturing plants are established ab

81、road, inconjunctionwithsupportingmarketingsystems.wMultinationalinvestmenthasalonghistory.Intheearly years of this century, European companiesrealizedthattheirownhomemarketsweresmall.Just as the Americans went west in the 1800sEuropean companies like Nestle, Unilever, andRoyalDutchShellwentoverseasf

82、ornewmarketsandbecameMNCswellbeforeWorldWarII.完酮躲馒稽飞藻稽殿撞柠理鸦胁诉现录误剃卧泼摇决捣塔锄廓伴决后踊冠高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wUnitedStatescompanies,whichhavealargehomemarket of over 218 million people, had otherincentivestomultinationalize.EstablishmentofanMNC was a way to generate income fromdiversified sources, thereby spre

83、ading re-cessionrisks. It was a way to maximize return oninvestments, and it was a way to benefit fromcheaperlabourabroad.汾周智孤采僧辞馒抵免祁睹积捻朋驶捣戌中夯五育埋竖戮涂嫌蹦伦烬邮谐高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wTheformationoftheEuropeanEconomicCommunity(EEC)in1958spurredthegrowthofMNCs especially the American ones. The EECestablishedi

84、mportduty-freeassociationsofcountries, thus creating vast markets. This meantthatoneWesternEuropeanplantofaUnitedStatesMNCcouldsellitsproductswithintheEECtoamarketof200millionpeoplewithoutrunningintocustoms duties between countries. United Statesmultinational growth in European was soonfollowedbythe

85、establishmentofUnitedStatesbankbranches.瘟绑茹踪嫉震詹由街敬道秘肥幻都烤遭脯殃界姜爸浅梁索示弛笔仪税磊隆高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wHow multinational can a corporation get? Somecompanies,likeNestleofSwitzerland,makeover90 percent of their sales on exports andmanufacturedgoodsabroad.TodaythelargeMNCscontrolfrom50to200foreignsubsidiarieswi

86、th30to90percentoftheirsalesonexportsandforeign-producedgoods.In1973someexpertsestimatedanannual turnover of $ 600 billion for al MNCscombined. These MNCs owned over 80,000subsidiaries worldwide. At that time the annualgrowthrateofMNCsaleswasestimatedataroundl0percent-wellabovetheaverageGrossNational

87、Productgrowthofmanynations.熊崭祖窃纲谣槛啊阿烁骚辜设荷巢藉散嘻翰祸姜澄汀跌类镀远剧垒却漠陇高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wAfavourableaspectaboutMNCsisthattheycreatejobsinforeigncountries.wThey also contribute to innovation or creation ofnewproductsandtechnology.Buttt,heninnovationlevelsoffandlocaltechnologyreachesapointofsufficiency,MNCsare

88、sometimcsconsideredtobenolongeruseful.AtthispointMNCsruntheriskofnationalization, which is the confiscation of acompany,s property (plant, equipment, etc.) by aforeign government with or without adequatecompensation.wSuccessful MNCs eventually must learn how tointerrelate their subsidiaries with the

89、 parentCompany,howtodelegatedecision-makingauthority,andhowtodevelopsatisfactorymethodsofcontrolandsupervision.寒澜顶晚剃栽租戚衫比傍衅伞袍迁砍搔关穷蚊章水碱梧锄票搐袄舰拾毛篙高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wHaving entered the international arena, an MNCfaces an awesome task. It must worry mot onlyabouthowtoovercomethecommunicationbarriersalr

90、eady mentioned -cultural differences, distance,and environment, but also how to deal with thedifferent legal and tax structures in the variouscountries.AnMNCalsohastocopewithforeigncurrency so that it can protect its foreign assets.SomeotherproblemsanMNChastoconsiderare:howtosecurecontinuedaccesstor

91、esources;howtodeal with increased criticism and interference byforeigngovernments;andhowtodealwithlabour1aws and anitrust legislation both at home andabroad.裤增柠岔妻眠恨愁贵跑牡弛滨怪敦翌丹乌择冬予忍屏翅诊折秦弹杉亿滔牲高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wIn recent years MNCs have come under heavycriticism.Domesticallytheyhavebeenaccusedofexpor

92、tingjobs,meaningthatjobsarelostathomebecausetheMNCssetupplantsinothercountries,sometimes exporting the products back home forconsumption. Less developed countries, on theother hand, charge that for years they have beenunderpaid for their natural resources may beregardedasachallengetonationalsovereig

93、nty.Inother words this viewpoint sees the MNC ascapable of circumventing or subverting nationalobjectivesandpolicies.Thisobviouslyreflectsthemajority voting power of developing countries intheUnitedNations.限糯油悦倘顽熔层姓衫矢褂在棕籽榔篡术序咸罩辕夷泞拱席揖加馈蓟没颈高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wWidelypublicizedreportsofpayoffstogovernm

94、entofficialsbyMNCs,andeveninterferenceinlocalpolitics,havebroughtheavypressureonMNCstoexercise greater care, police their tactics, andredefine their strategy. For example, the case ofLockheed, and American aircraft corporation,whichwasfoundtohavebribedofficialsinJapanand Europe to gain large governm

95、ent purchasecontracts,becameoneoftheworldsmostnotoriousepisodesin1970s.w袄绳寨愈伪括京擞阐匡凸齐辑渺蒲州稿兑驮博吼苦愿肪介敢杂犁橡隧湿扛高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课2.Spot-dictationwInNorthAmerica,_arethe_ofanincreasinglypopular_.However,fewoftheWesterners_EastAsianrestaurantshavemasteredtheartof_riceortweezingmeat,veggies,andnoodleswithap

96、airof_rods.Asaresult,manypeopleeatChineseandotherAsianentreesusing_.Iftheresany_tothoseofuswhohave_withchopsticks,a歌役寨弦曰砌殷应毡秒际瓦计汪腋涟庐庐局勘轴邵盅吁周彝蓉贞按加丽兽高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wnewstudyquestionstheergonomicsofthesedining_.Itappearsthattheregular,long-termuseofchopstickscan_thedevelopmentof_arthritis.Osteoart

97、hritisisthe_ofjoints,primarilyinelderlypeople.Itsdestructionofcartilageandensuingdamagetoboneandjointscauses_and_,intensepain.Although_makesmanypeople_toosteoarthritis,_motionscan_thediseaseinaffectedjoints.Indeed,wherethisdiseaseaffectsthefingers,thoseonthemost-usedhandtendtosuffermost.锄昭筐截附齿况际么治载喷

98、琳晃洞怯唐音伏二骂凉枝布掘峰称感啦差硼馈高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课2.Spot-dictationwInNorthAmerica,chopsticksaretheemblemofanincreasinglypopularcuisine.However,fewoftheWesternerspatronizingEastAsianrestaurantshavemasteredtheartofscoopingriceortweezingmeat,veggies,andnoodleswithapairofbamboorods.Asaresult,manypeopleeatChinesea

99、ndotherAsianentreesusingcutlery.Iftheresanyconsolationtothoseofuswhohavefumbledwithchopsticks,a娜算兔菏桶寺毒乍袄确宾壹菱枷贺桌雹鳃赁溃框险儡穗体邵逝寿拍氦碴矾高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wnewstudyquestionstheergonomicsofthesedining_implements_.Itappearsthattheregular,long-termuseofchopstickscan_foster_thedevelopmentof_age-related_arthriti

100、s.Osteoarthritisisthe_degeneration_ofjoints,primarilyinelderlypeople.Itsdestructionofcartilageandensuingdamagetoboneandjointscauses_stiffness_and_chronic_,intensepain.Although_genetics_makesmanypeoplevulnerabletoosteoarthritis,_repetitive_motionscan_aggravate_thediseaseinaffectedjoints.Indeed,wheret

101、hisdiseaseaffectsthefingers,thoseonthemost-usedhandtendtosuffermost.独籍厅擅罩询淳禹把嫌漳剔尽捆棵舟溯咯荚冲椿栓畔梅乃痹宗胳蛇镶浦终高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课3.ListeningandtranslationwLadiesandGentlemen,wIdontwishinanywaytospoilyourenjoymentofthis evenings festivities with a long and boringspeech,butIwouldjustliketosayafewwords.wSpeakin

102、gonbehalfofPhilips,fromtheSino-BritishTrade Council, and on behalf of my wife andmyself,Iwould1iketosayhowdelightedwehavebeentoreceiveyouhereinEngland-oh,sorry,andScotland,Mr.Campbell.亚落梨四辖掩鞋剃娘盏葵篷膏蛋吼桅秉险舶玫治司卫瞩靡爸兹呼邑逆妊碟高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wIt appears from speaking to all of you, thateveryone has conclu

103、ded at least one deal, andcertainlysowntheseedstoreapmanymoreinthefuture,andwewishyoueverysuccesswiththose.ItiscertainlyanimpressiverecordofachievementsthatyoutakewithyoubacktoChina.IhopethatyouhaveenjoyedyourstayinEngland.Wehaveasaying,.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy,andJilladullgirlforthatmatte

104、r,andwehavetriedtogiveyousomerelieffromthedailyroutineof meetings by our various outings, and also toshowyoumoreofBritainthanjusttheinsideofoffices,hotelsandtaxis.达耪陋簇司园组揽户铸痰曲鞘兼砖哉肇读靴菲攀逃名倔软赌哄贼关症夏亲高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课wAndnowIaskyoutoraiseyourglasses.Idliketodrinkatoasttoyourhealthandtothesuccessofalls

105、uchventuresinthefuture,andofcoursetoasafejourneytomorrow.ladiesand Gentlemen, I wish you, health andsuccess.缆概搔枚又潞摩萝橙挡砸淮嘶掣嘲犬噎串忘褂践勉卉境悼彰骨属并嗣址靛高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课w女工们、先生们：w我不想用冗长乏昧的讲话来影响大家的兴致，破坏今晚的欢乐气氛。但我还是要说几句。我代表中英贸易委员会的菲利曾斯，也代表我妻子，井以我个人的名义，欢迎诸位来到英格兰哦，还有苏格兰，对不起，坎贝尔先生。在与几位的交谈中我发现，你们人人都至少成交一次，并且显然都为将来

106、取得更大的成果播下了种子。砰秋疆搪俱乎欢瞅潭输殉匙挑掏涉壬惧晓铜屏羞负纺熔霓迸亚盗恕邓粮腾高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课w祝你们末来的业务一帆风顺。你们这次回国可谓是硕果累累。我希望你们在英国逗留期间过得愉快。我们有句老话；“埋头工作不会玩，只会让人变傻瓜。”所以为了能让大家在每天会谈之余放松一下，我们安排了一些出游活动，同时也想借此机会让大家更多的英国风情，而不是成天呆在办公室、宾馆和出租车里面。现在请大家举杯，为了你们的健康和今后此类访问的成功，当然也为明天旅行一路平安，干杯。女工们先生们，我祝大家身体健康、事业成功。纸滥站荧焚引必咋增磋狗允梅冲候迁乡望羹侯令份七淹草娄的匿例遭拱芽高级口译英到中学位课高级口译英到中学位课