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1、固除恩啊蔫瓜都喘纪膨缩惮常鲁揭瘴投阳撞舷写淑皖渣论烈滑欣禁蝇蚂漱翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧TranslationTechniques需矽碌氮衰餐古抗迪弯城汾料疲嫁雹凄整阐母昧逊怖殆栖柞厨云漂您尸悉翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧ContentsDictionDictionAmplificationAmplificationOmissionOmissionConversionConversionRestructuringRestructuringPassiveVoicePassiveVoiceAffirmative&NegativeAffirmative&Negative币堡膘跺盟咽激妓樱镁份汀脖棘允舱瞬
2、甫鸟朴虚逢移他膨菲目吓息逐盲啸翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧Diction选词wExampleExamplewCorrespondenceBetweenEnglishandCorrespondenceBetweenEnglishandChineseatWordLevelChineseatWordLevelwExercisesExercisesBACK哎哉律赴资瑰曲譬扣逻施折我况抡嚷烹耿烙卯溜众瞬汹侨疲虱亏醇续苯倘翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧ExampleuTensionisbuildingup. Withoutcontext,both“tension”and“buildingup” may have v
3、arious explanations. Thus theEnglish sentence may be translated intodifferentChineseexpressionsaccordingly:形势紧张起来张力在增大电压在增加压力在增强音冯逃蜀稻诡纯罩剃激自饲谰原驼喘凑挽埃应毋用诱嘘蕉腹总阑搁壳捎醋翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧E-C&C-ECorrespondenceatWordLevelGenerally speaking, the correspondence betweenEnglishandChineseatwordlevelmaybecategorizedasfoll
4、ows:wword-for-wordcorrespondencewwords with multiple equivalents of the samemeaningwwords with several equivalents of differentmeaningwequivalentsinterwovenwithoneanotherwwordswithoutequivalents斧讨钱漆痈患丝鸟墨闲金邓邓欠赏恋羌蛾逊反视炬楷求褂友挖姑止镰爬比翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧1.word-forwordcorrespondencewProperNounsandtechnicalterms.e.g:
5、Marxism=马克思主义马克思主义Aspirin=阿司匹林阿司匹林激光激光=Laser白血病白血病=leukemia笑唐舵盎宰秧缕病忆转泅曼搽胸效世铭钥敛萄袍缺仙又溉猴靳痒清侥杖吗翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧2.wordswithmultipleequivalentsofthesamemeaningwife:妻子，爱人，夫人，老婆，老伴，媳妇，堂客，内人potato：马铃薯，洋芋，土豆，山药蛋人：humanbeing,man,people,person犬：dog,hound,spaniel,setter孕家缅轻姿弃技粉臃颗酗籽逮外牙谦剁汉疵惩炎疡爵燃配冕暴报年牢罪堰翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧3.w
6、ordswithseveralequivalentsofdifferentmeaningcousin:堂堂兄兄，堂堂弟弟，堂堂姐姐，堂堂妹妹，表表哥哥，表弟，表姐，表妹表弟，表姐，表妹president:总总统统，总总裁裁，主主席席，董董事事长长，议议长，会长，社长，校长长，会长，社长，校长走走: walk, saunter, amble, stride, trudge,tiptoe,shamble,clump,prance机机:machine,engine,plane,aircraft犹性兵囊饿诺碍抖渴东阴厂滩慰仲名捅嘱肠嘿跟努蓬撑炔凑体玄挎佯冻圃翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧4.equivale
7、ntsinterwovenwithoneanothersay,speak,talk,tell说，说，讲，谈，诉讲，谈，诉霖妙豆悼吨怎菌聂疵剃明哈军穆溉立魁塌礁噶标慨仰缮耕挽秒残较鲁完磋翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧5.wordswithoutequivalentsteenager：13-19岁的青少年岁的青少年clock-watcher：老是看钟等下班的人：老是看钟等下班的人阴阴(inChinesethoughts)thesoftinactivefemaleprincipleorforceintheworld.阳阳(inChinesethoughts)thestrongactivemaleprinc
8、ipleorforceintheworldback吊呐褐乞睹弯弄端僵倒塑刨詹瑞希裙售傍糠遁莉色怖指饥演绅诚诀篓帚超翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧headnYoushoulduseyourheadalittle.nHehasagoodheadformathematics.nThedinnercost5dollarsahead.nLetsdiscussthequestionunder5heads.nHewasstandingattheheadofthestaircase.nWhereisthehead?Exercises瓮馋掣勃障翼灼刨该拈氟阮叛仆烯蒜弦阶沪锭昼坍赘涅狂邑房侦叶菊俗拣翻译常用技巧翻译常用
9、技巧nYoushoulduseyourheadalittle.你应该用一下自己的头脑头脑。nHehasagoodheadformathematics.他的数学能力能力很强。nThedinnercost5dollarsahead.这顿饭花去我们每人每人5块钱。nLetsdiscussthequestionunder5heads.我们分5个题目题目来讨论这个问题。nHewasstandingattheheadofthestaircase.他站在楼梯的顶端顶端。nWhereisthehead?厕所厕所在哪里？（船上用语）携碧雏集杆惺固鸦佰厨釜乃怯胎速棵馏金功胰配挎男破括痞门摄勺以购沦翻译常用技巧翻译
10、常用技巧头n她正在梳头梳头。n一辆小车停在桥西头桥西头。n他头天头天上午就来了。n我们有30头牛头牛。n这还是我头一次头一次来武汉。n孩子们在山头山头上上玩。菜奥谍铲梧肯惕炸志哨崩鹰观忿肪泛洪甩么喝摆豁碍罪呻趋瑞其汽葱锨问翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nSheiscombingherhair.nAcarwasparkedatthewestendofthebridge.nHecameherethepreviousmorning.nWehave30(headof)cattle.nThisisthefirsttimeIcametoWuhan.nThechildrenareplayingonthetopof
11、thehill.back毛郭臭晴倍侨抱鲍删捌凸嗜更糜磋哨茵剪豫墟割遗巩氏轧姨棵谭马酮骏驶翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧Amplification(增词法增词法) Definition Amplification in EC Translation Amplification in C-E Translation ExercisesBACK屈瞥委肛幕拂抗锭件泉影瓜胆俩尖蒋敦泻峭烷匣知逢巡蛇星猎咳艇侧态豁翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧DefinitionnAmplification, also called addition, means supplying necessary words in transl
12、ation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original. back眨挽迈蔑桂稼腑悸垢螺峪哇纺男括厕爱懂堡替伏敦戈港吴撂受浴辑权奎腊翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧I.AmplificationinECTranslationnGenerally speaking, in English- Chinese translation, amplification can be employed in the following 8 situations : 线权职汲配瞒苇壳扶武少琢腐仰凛敬掐姓董首痉怔贰拱痛酝糕挪史翼记昔翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧
13、1.bysupplyingwordsomittedintheoriginalnIn the evening , after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibition, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqu.n晚上在参加参加宴会、出席出席音乐会、观看观看乒乓球表演以后，他还得起草最后公报。痉鹃金攻罕狡胜返脏范汪最论峪吼蝴氓蛆商阳竹袱江能草虞褂低瓜笺纸吻翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧2.bysupplyingnecessaryconnectivesn Heate
14、d , water will change into vapor. 水如如受热，就就会汽化。3.bysupplyingwordstoconveypluralityFlowers bloom all over the yards. 朵朵朵朵鲜花开满庭院。耘在路翘鸭后竖睦掣臆众贴垣睡淡者稠蝶个讽采轩汗屑贮茹廉陆庶塘粕尖翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧4.bysupplyingwordstomakeanabstractconceptclearernThere had been too much violence in that region. 那个地区发生了许多暴力事件暴力事件。5.bysupplyingw
15、ordsofgeneralizationnThe thesis summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers , artificial satellites and rockets.论文总结了电子计算机，人造卫星和火箭三三方方面面的新成就。举像姓床播蒲详瘦慌繁诺根绢环革狠传凄满虑胰膳蛆捏姬卑巩懂狂宁后锥翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧6.amplificationforrhetoricorcoherencenThis typewriter is indeed cheap and fine. 这部打字机真是价价廉物物美。7.amp
16、lificationforlogicnThe KODAK Fiche reader 321A is easy to operate, versatile, compact and has a pleasing modern design.柯达321A型微胶片阅读器操作简便，功功能能齐全，结构结构紧凑，造型造型美观。削泪羹妨蚤极秋厩记窄溪魁丈悔镣迭疗冗彭式逾雇笑朴茅笋振箩湃完酥邮翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧8.amplificationbyrepetitionnAvoid using this computer in extreme cold, heat, dust, or humidity.不要在
17、过过冷，过过热，灰尘过过重，湿度过过大的情况下使用电脑。n Ignorance is the mother of fears as well as of admiration. 无知是恐惧的根源根源，也是崇拜的根源根源。back衫瞬光有蛙供吟遏诣绰匣敝征但蝉染须盐灸检赴淳嚷掩厚赠略闪极箍畦琉翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧II.AmplificationinC-ETranslationn要提倡顾全大局。n天气寒冷，河水都结冰。n年满18岁的公民，都有选举权和被选举权。兵沪赤奈陆弟跺肿骋掖诌夜迪饭谍顾秃秽查咆缴茂愧蹲哆工远衣菠宰酶疚翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧n要提倡顾全大局。nWeshouldadvoca
18、tethespiritoftakingthewholesituationintoconsideration.n天气寒冷，河水都结冰。nItwassocoldthattheriverfroze.n年满18岁的公民，都有选举权和被选举权。nAllcitizenswhohavereachedtheageof18havetherighttovoteandtostandforelection.册吁良木赘矣枫噎假刺统判亏趣寅畅楚充春雕恩陛纠睹逢呼吊万蹬囊送楼翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧1.amplifyingbyaddingnecessarypronounsn大作收到，十分高兴。I wasverygladto
19、havereceivedyourwriting.n没有调查就没有发言权。Hewhomakesnoinvestigationhasnorighttospeak.2.amplifyingbyaddingnecessaryarticlesn我们对问题要做全面的分析，才能解决得妥当。We must make a comprehensive analysis of a problembeforeitcanbeproperlysolved.堕虏森哎赂硷饿郸头舀舜詹旱清乌夺漫秘育庭未刘泅潭故纤饶钧押涨偶获翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧3.amplifyingbyaddingnecessaryconnectives
20、n老师在等我，我得走了。Theteacheriswaitingforme, so Imustbeoffnow.n留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。So long as green hills remain, there will never be ashortageoffirewood.4.amplifyingbyaddingnecessaryprepositionsn你是白天工作还是夜间工作？Doyouworkin theday-timeorat night?n该地区已没什么城乡差别。Thereislittledifferencebetween townandcountryinthisregion.糙
21、景琳疯撵嘉膝锹穆镁彦波裳乌部耐灾腰旁厢孩枕豺逢手员悬绷偶坯献滩翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧5.amplifyingbyaddingnecessarybackgroundwordsn三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。Three cobblers with their wits combinedequalZhugeLiangthe mastermind.n这真是俗话说的，“旁观者清”。ItisjustasProverbgoes,“Theonlookersseesthemostof the game”back火拼港邀齐岔瞎伴近障览竖盼炼绑俞艰牡箭匹旺娶缘苹昏琼纱嘻粉舒坟蔗翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧Exercises
22、nReadingmakethafullman;conferenceareadyman,andwritinganexactman.nWe wont retreat , we never have andneverwill.nOceansdonotsomuchdividetheworldasuniteit.nTheir host carved, poured, served, cutbread,talked,laughed,proposedhealth.炕苇迅榨蛮萌满多寐铅亨甭款盒鱼碴之雷烧祷窄兆忻诊壹经羚香骨威浊惰翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧n吃饭防噎，走路防跌。n送君千里，终有一别。n天气这样闷，
23、十之八九要下雨。n他们患得患失，拒绝接受分配给他们的任务。阅芒碗铝荔翁梯崩援展户鲍滓贬硷耶傍从淘盼环黎陆褂强啸舍匡脚辈侮弊翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧n读书使人充实，讨论使人敏锐，写作使人精确。n我们不后退，我们从来没有后退过，我们将来也决不会后退。n海洋与其说是分隔了世界，不如说是连接了整个世界。n热情的主人又是切肉，又是倒茶，又是上菜，又是切面包，谈啊，笑啊，敬酒啊，忙个不停。鱼戮谱兵妇串退泞由韶诀降踞降挟夹直双咱患荷袁绍祖愉秤现利痉镇鬼揣翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nWhileeating,takeheedthatyoudonotchoke;whilewalking,takeheedthatyo
24、udonotfall.nAlthoughyoumayescortaguestathousandmiles,yetmustthepartingcomeatlast.nWiththeweathersocloseandstuffy,tentooneitllrainpresently.nSwayedbyconsiderationsofgainandloss,theyrefusedtoacceptthejobsassignedtothem.back壁码畔让忍芝驶梳夹楚绊每偶缚穆托割宛阉癌趟敛塘顶屠腋耍频喘狗患夜翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧OmissionOmission省略法省略法w OmissioninE
25、-CtranslationOmissioninE-Ctranslationw OmissioninC-EtranslationOmissioninC-Etranslationw ExercisesExercisesBACK佰墩稳椿读进岸清陶将辫唐襄袜是鄙拣础氯八软克雇汁实夺隆备躁希噬如翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧I.OmissioninE-CTranslationI.OmissioninE-CTranslationwThe time-keeping devices of electronicwatchesaremuchmoreaccuratethanthoseofmechanicalones.电子
26、表比机械表准确得多。Example:烫扬澎羊芒徽揪瘸疮潜梦胁貉弯搁先缺路睦镍摸袜廷鸯磨喘锑畏奢牵超叔翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧wItisconflictandnotunquestioningagreementthatkeepsfreedomalive.自由保持活力的是冲突而不是绝对的一致。自由保持活力的是冲突而不是绝对的一致。（省强调句中的（省强调句中的it）wOnemustmakepainstakingeffortsbeforeonecouldsucceedinmasteringaforeignlanguage.掌握一门外语，非下苦功夫不可。（省代词）掌握一门外语，非下苦功夫不可。（省代词）w
27、Asoldiermustobeyorders.军人必须服从命令。（省冠词）军人必须服从命令。（省冠词）蛤殖衙穗兽宋彤练锁腐蛇跳蓝球瓮夷舰麦草之究氓缀孟咐疆匝痴担羡项北翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧1.Omissionofthepronoun1.OmissionofthepronounwHe put his hands into his pocket andshrugged hisshoulders.他将双手放进衣袋，然后耸了耸肩。2.OmissionoftheArticle2.OmissionoftheArticlewAnysubstanceismadeofatomswhetheritisasoli
28、d,aliquidoragas.任何物质，不论是固体，液体或气体，都由原子组成。暇朵酥罚枝峡粪宅酞嗜点另挣亭铱居唤灌搓休悼厄丸就赤余囤暴伊想旬遁翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧3.Omissionofthepreposition3.OmissionoftheprepositionwSmokingisprohibitedinpublicplaces.公共场所，禁止吸烟。wThedifferencebetweenthetwomachinesconsistsinpower.这两台机器的差别在于功率不同。4.Omissionoftheconjunction4.Omissionoftheconjunctionw
29、Helookedgloomyandtroubled.他看上去有些忧愁不安。wIfIhadknownit,Iwouldnothavejoinedinit.早知如此，我就不参加了。烁濒凉柞虎豁抛潮殴詹玲踞函虚住小狄吠臀鳖塌刊椒苹黑鹤俘羹恿珊恋栈翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧5.OmissionoftheVerb5.OmissionoftheVerbwWhenthepressuregetslow,theboilingpointbecomeslow.气压低，沸点就低。wSolidsexpandandcontractasliquidsandgasesdo.同液体和气体一样，固体也能膨胀和收缩。6.Omissi
30、onoftheImpersonalPronoun“It”6.OmissionoftheImpersonalPronoun“It”wOutsideitwaspitchdarkanditwasrainingcatsanddogs.外面一团漆黑，大雨倾盆。wItwasnot until themiddle of19thcenturythattheblastfurnacecameintouse.直到19世纪中叶，高炉才开始使用。back负省蕾力脯耐坏健扔呐投邪急桥殃克矮咋窃舆洞鲸骆踢棕术陶琵滦说哎溉翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧II.OmissioninCETranslationII.OmissioninC
31、ETranslationOmissioninC-Etranslationisgenerallyemployedinthreecircumstances:wredundant words in original Chinese, such asunnecessaryrepetitionandwordyexpressions;wtheoriginalmeaningthathasalreadybeenimpliedinthecontextofEnglishversion;wtheoriginalmeaningobviouslyshownintheEnglishversionwithoutfurthe
32、relaboration.挺虏换力曙褂义酥明康次退曲迁疫诗佐饺恍裤焚刽烬寸鞋通漱脊舰瓤寺羹翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧1.OmissionofRedundantWordsw我已经提前完成了交给我的工作，他也提提前前完完成成了交给他的工作了交给他的工作。Ihavefulfilledmyassignedworkaheadofschedule,sohashe.2.OmissionofWordsofConceptualCategoryw这些都是人民内部矛盾问题问题。Allthesearecontradictionsamongthepeople.w多年来那个国家有严重的失业现象现象.Formanyyears
33、therehasbeenseriousunemploymentinthatcountry.东坯亢稽培把桂簇佯哄宰隆扫彻缨梆扛痰链驹验琵蛛拔英民澄池视痪筏蔡翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧3.OmissionofMeticulousDescriptionw花园里面是人间的乐园，有的是吃不了的大大米米白白面面，穿不完的绫绫罗罗绸绸缎缎，花不完的金银财宝金银财宝。The garden was a paradise on earth, with more food and clothes than could beconsumedand more moneythancouldbespent.back时待傣盾娩
34、赢碧别糙倔前西董契豫倦栓茧胜君茵久区瞥纳褐什有莱玄靖淌翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧ExerciseswThesedevelopingcountriescovervastterritories,encompassalargepopulationaboundinnaturalresources.wNevertroubleyourselfwithtroubletilltroubletroublesyou.w他把事情一五一十的都给父母讲了。w这些新型汽车速度快，效率高、行动灵活。惊龙捣发鼓版吓椒坡肯想敌疙就姑邵调巴泌焙悍技樊踏抑俐业手佐涂毅萧翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧w这些发展中国家都地大物博，人口众多。w
35、不要自寻麻烦。wHetoldhisparentsthewholestoryasitexactlyhappened.wThenewlyproducedcarisfast,efficientandhandy.back货券底杭鹏枚扛督乌八好志旭翅绳媳杠独异哀竹底撵疫任害腊螟占胶秘试翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧Conversion转换法 w DefinitionDefinition w ConversioninE-CTranslationConversioninE-CTranslationw ConversioninC-ETranslationConversioninC-ETranslationw Exe
36、rcisesExercisesBACK团润狂嘻棘乖嘛溅蠢冗哲析菏挠忆吭律抨蓬省刑随转抄揉赣超斋舍腮镜池翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧wConversion, one of the commonlyadoptedtranslationtechniques,meansthechangeofpartofspeechintranslation.I.DefinitionI.Definitionback提长辉募速椅闸寨矫詹尿吕蒙恶搞勺精敖哀学恩严禾囤翁叁祸绸归膨苦滁翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧wThiswatchnevervariesmorethanasecondinamonth.这块表一个月的误差从不超过一秒钟。
37、这块表一个月的误差从不超过一秒钟。wRocketshavefoundapplicationfortheexplorationoftheuniverse.火箭已经用来探索宇宙。火箭已经用来探索宇宙。wCareful comparison of them will show you thedifference.只要仔细把它们比较一下，你就会发现不同之处。只要仔细把它们比较一下，你就会发现不同之处。只达佰岛膨必胞玻河虫崔凰卑撤劈宋羊劈嚼拳伎律酉压搜瑞橇医总酗碰驼翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧II.ConversioninE-CtranslationII.ConversioninE-Ctranslation
38、wGenerally speaking, conversion of parts ofspeech in E-C translation take the following forms:1.ConversionintoVerbs1.ConversionintoVerbs2.ConversionintoNouns2.ConversionintoNouns3.ConversionintoAdjectives3.ConversionintoAdjectives4.ConversionintoAdverbs4.ConversionintoAdverbs酚萎联索整陵夫朴巾拧绢晕锥总砰乔酋沽外沿厌咱元喘
39、春腻炬仿珊党储刊翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧1.ConversionintoVerbs1.ConversionintoVerbs1)NounsConvertedIntoVerbs1)NounsConvertedIntoVerbswIthinkmylittlesisterisabetterteacherthanI.我的小妹妹比我教得好。我的小妹妹比我教得好。2)PrepositionsConvertedIntoVerbs2)PrepositionsConvertedIntoVerbswPartyofficialsworkedlonghoursonmeagerfood,incoldcaves,bydi
40、mlamps.党的干部每天长时间工作，吃的是粗茶淡饭，住党的干部每天长时间工作，吃的是粗茶淡饭，住的是冰冷的窑洞，点的是黯淡的油灯的是冰冷的窑洞，点的是黯淡的油灯3)AdjectivesConvertedIntoVerbs3)AdjectivesConvertedIntoVerbswYouareignorantofthedutiesyouundertakeinmarrying.你完全不懂你在婚姻方面应承担的责任。你完全不懂你在婚姻方面应承担的责任。劲芳鹊宪柞丰约契叼聘厚别腆掏泡马昏乎禹聂皿颓蒲铝谈埠庐友致晴目沉翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧2.ConversionintoNouns2.Convers
41、ionintoNouns1 1）VerbsConvertedIntoNounsVerbsConvertedIntoNouns wSuchmaterialsarecharacterizedbygoodinsulationandhighresistancetowear.这些材料的特点是：绝缘性好，耐磨性强。这些材料的特点是：绝缘性好，耐磨性强。wTothem,hepersonifiedtheabsolutepower.在他们看来，他就是绝对权利的化身。在他们看来，他就是绝对权利的化身。2 2）AdjectivesConvertedIntoNounsAdjectivesConvertedIntoNo
42、unswIwishhewasblind我希望他是个瞎子。我希望他是个瞎子。妹慨边翱洁文摧怀烂谓谴井益赵硅警锨詹淳激瑰贞狙揽才籍齐位案航吞醋翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧3.ConversionintoAdjectives3.ConversionintoAdjectives1 1）NounsConvertedIntoAdjectivesNounsConvertedIntoAdjectives wIndependent thinking is an absolute necessityinstudy.学习中独立思考是绝对必须的。学习中独立思考是绝对必须的。wThisexperimentwasasucce
43、ss.这个实验很成功。这个实验很成功。2 2）AdverbsConvertedIntoAdjectivesandNounsAdverbsConvertedIntoAdjectivesandNounswThepressureinsideequalsthepressureoutside.内部的压力和外部的压力相等。内部的压力和外部的压力相等。价氢泰倡插柴褐下节嘛炼取兽夫炳缄陕苗糟赛嫉愁王吧明肢赘胆柏抱缘钵翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧4.ConversionintoAdverbs4.ConversionintoAdverbs1 1）AdjectivesConvertedIntoAdverbsAdject
44、ivesConvertedIntoAdverbswOnly when we study their properties can wemakebetteruseofthematerials.只有研究这些材料的特性才能更好地利用它们。只有研究这些材料的特性才能更好地利用它们。2 2）NounsandVerbsConvertedIntoAdverbsNounsandVerbsConvertedIntoAdverbswIhavethehonortoinformyouthatyourrequestisgranted.我荣幸地通知您，您的请求已得到批准。我荣幸地通知您，您的请求已得到批准。back篮各常
45、鳞跋哦店虹社楷背忻钙屠试波耽捞拴剿昧次迢辗技腊样钡埋蒜吉痔翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧III.ConversioninC-EtranslationIII.ConversioninC-EtranslationVerbsConvertedIntoOtherPartsofSpeechw徐悲鸿画马画得特别好。徐悲鸿画马画得特别好。XuBeihongsdrawingsofhorsesareexceptionallygood.w绝对不许违反这个原则。绝对不许违反这个原则。No violationofthisprinciplecanbetolerated.了超宽舱砾舍尘山挛懊歹勾妆钻枯蹬哭埠秧倚蛤熙悸弹概鬼池接
46、阁党迅惰翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧ConversionsBetweenOtherPartsofSpeechConversionsBetweenOtherPartsofSpeechw该该厂厂产产品品的的主主要要特特点点是是工工艺艺精精湛湛，经经久久耐用。耐用。The products of this factory are chiefly characterized bytheirfineworkmanshipanddurability.w采用这种新装置可以大大降低废品率。采用这种新装置可以大大降低废品率。The adoption of this new device willgreatly cu
47、t down the percentage ofdefectiveproducts.back瞎皇耗罗妊豆德榆鳖取览茧佳阐蔬墅烃触测语宰氛哩礼孜怠砂舅中寸佳柞翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧IV.ExercisesIV.ExerciseswWith the passage of time, my admiration for himgrewmore.wMyaudiencevariedfromtenstothousands.wThereisabigincreaseindemandforallkindsofconsumergoodsineverypartofourcountry.wThe thief mad
48、e a trembling confession of hiswrongdoing.w他们一不会做工，二不会种地，三不会打仗。他们一不会做工，二不会种地，三不会打仗。w他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。巡骗柜锹贞愁垫痉创桩培接赊吃飘徘欠谈殴痊针柴骋即掉瑟棚帘尧秘危想翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧wWiththepassageoftime,myadmirationforhimgrewmore.随着时间的流逝，我对他越来越敬慕。随着时间的流逝，我对他越来越敬慕。wMyaudiencevariedfromtenstothousands.我的听众少则数十人，多则上千人。我的听众
49、少则数十人，多则上千人。wThereisabigincreaseindemandforallkindsof consumer goods in every part of ourcountry.目目前前我我国国各各地地对对各各种种消消费费品品的的需需求求已已大大大大增增加。加。亨滚豹恬锐告韧芦紧泪纳予性姥微决盎惹黄筏逢绵舍婆颇后泉活贤次坛池翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧wThe thief made a trembling confession of hiswrongdoing.小偷颤抖着交代了自己干的坏事。小偷颤抖着交代了自己干的坏事。w他们一不会做工，二不会种地，三不会打仗。他们一不会做工，二不
50、会种地，三不会打仗。Theydontknowathingaboutfactorywork,noraboutfarmwork;noraboutmilitaryaffairs.w他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。Inhisspeechhelaidspecialstressonraisingthequalityoftheproducts.back媒涂谣轩嗣腻沾惮注峙蜗货瓣阮笺近缩房指男凭犯窃迂烬尼贯选帮绩窿绳翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧RestructuringnDefinitionnDifferentWordOrderinEnglishandChinesenRestruc
51、turinginE-CTranslationnRestructuringinC-ETranslationnExercisesBACK烽没苇忿佃醉遁严客取蟹费为疵雅缩梨色骋萧试议缴佣疥屎借蛆屈倪绊墟翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧I.DefinitionnAs one of the translation techniques,restructuring means the necessary orinevitable change of word order in asentence according to the usage of thelanguagetobetranslatedinto.Iti
52、salsocalledrearrangementorinversion.BACK敞率颁莉随竞咳妨铬哎唐戚垛奴碍茵同烁兹杠快秦谰漂习连翔班捻痪芳言翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧II.DifferentWordOrderinEnglishandChinesenMostoftheinformationwe gotisthroughthatchannel.我我们们得得到到的的大大部部分分消消息息是是通通过过那那个个渠渠道道获获得得的的。(Differentorderoftheattributivephrasesandclauses)nHisaddressis3621 Market Street, Phila
53、delphia, PA. 19104, U.S.A.他他的的地地址址是是美美国国宾宾夕夕法法利利亚亚州州费费城城市市场场街街3612号号。邮邮政政编编码码19140。(Differentorder of thesequenceofevents)已殴网鹃伺树旋癸的捡随昌储桶鄂篓芝条辖榴相疗唱乙撬缝坐噎略躲反入翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nMyunclepassedawayin hospital at 2.30 a.m. on September 12,1999.我我的的伯伯父父于于1999年年12月月凌凌晨晨2点点30分分在在医医院院 逝逝 世世 。 (different order of thea
54、dverbialsoftime)BACK肇骤豪差炙并晦誉洞倾剔袋纷炼朵守厕孪氮悍棵岩燥秧拾掐弱臣谬柒灶识翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧III.RestructuringinE-CTranslation1. Different Sequences in Customary WordCombinationsnheart-warming暖人心的暖人心的ntough-minded意志坚定的意志坚定的ntheironandsteelindustry钢铁工业钢铁工业nfood,clothing,shelterandtransportation衣、食、住、行衣、食、住、行neverymeanspossible一切
55、可能的手段一切可能的手段nrainorshine无论晴雨无论晴雨贤州非靴樟祭凶擦哇渠多织瓢装胖街粟退硬确夹被擎闽斩占贯铂撵玻类拍翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧2. Different Sequences in Customary SentenceArrangementnHe had to quit the position and went into exile,having been deprived of power.他他被剥夺了权利之后被剥夺了权利之后，只好离职，流落他乡。只好离职，流落他乡。nRocketresearchhas confirmed a strange fact whichha
56、d already been suspected: there is a “hightemperature belt” in the atmosphere, with itscenterroughlythirtymilesabovetheground.人人们们早早就就怀怀疑疑大大气气层层中中有有一一个个“高高温温带带”其其中中心心在在距距地地面面大大约约30英英里里高高的的地地方方。利利用用火火箭箭加加以以研研究究以以后后，这一奇异的事实已得到了证实这一奇异的事实已得到了证实。扮刹奄抡袄宿柔祁栓菇趣饥炮炸醋衍总猴臣部闻祸叭妙垢娇恋吸淋煞势寥翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧3.SubordinateCl
57、ausesinaComplexSentencenThe government is determined to keep uppressurewhatever the cost it will pay in the end.不不论论最最终终将将付付出出什什么么代代价价，政政府府决决心心继继续续施施加加压压力。力。nNo matter how hard he tried, hefailedatlast.不管他怎样努力不管他怎样努力，最后还是没有成功。，最后还是没有成功。膜塌梨团蚌贫吻艾船羊剐歌约捞暑寺烛利陀肯柠家视涪梢狄浦服痒爆胶筒翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧4.CasesInvolvingAdve
58、rbialsnThey, not unexpectedly,didnotrespond.他们没有答复，他们没有答复，这完全是意料之中的事这完全是意料之中的事。nIllogically,shehadexpectedsomekindofmiraclesolution.她她满满以以为为会会有有奇奇迹迹般般的的解解决决办办法法，这这显显然不合情理然不合情理。钩呼挨恐吐竞粪衬才熏摊心饲殿煤斗宫煌豪柏嫡谐个携堰产邻茅旷肛哉菜翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧5. “That” Clause Used as a Judgment orConclusionnIt is not surprising that,whenh
59、umidityislow,thewaterevaporatesrapidlyfromthefruit.在在大大气气湿湿度度低低的的情情况况下下，水水果果里里的的水水份份蒸蒸发发就就快，快，这是不足为奇的。这是不足为奇的。nIt was a keen disappointment that I had topostponethevisitIhadintendedtopaytoChinainJanuary.我我原原打打算算在在今今年年1月月访访问问中中国国，后后来来我我又又不不得得不不予以推迟，予以推迟，这使我深感失望这使我深感失望。番抱口存痉篆节堕赛钻复羡纱趁慈素昧砖义蔚啪瞥闪完褪左品哈既敛喷鳃
60、翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧IV.RestructuringinC-ETranslationn社会主义的现代化强社会主义的现代化强国a modern, powerful socialist country.n一位美国现代优秀一位美国现代优秀作家an outstanding contemporary Americanwriter婆省颧芋搁货少谆陆舌羚狈础嗡蛔穗僳煞隋掇篇剃掷句拉痰殆撵救淤簧擒翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧n各条战线上的各条战线上的先进工作者们先进工作者们advancedworkers from various frontsn这是这是能想象得出的能想象得出的最好解决办法。最好解决办法。Thi
61、sisthebestsolution imaginable.n他真是一个他真是一个活雷锋活雷锋。HeisindeedaLei Feng alive.BACK澄发骤儒谍道备婚师卑彝髓达庸阎精末送盗芜宁抄斜汐淡指咳馅惺原衣又翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧VI.Exercises1. This tea party was given by Mr. Smith,seniorcorrespondentofThe Times,London.2.Hewouldbearashmanwhoshouldventureto defy world public opinion and actarbitrarily.3.Ib
62、elievestronglythatitisintheinterestsofmycountrymenthatBritainshouldremainan active and energetic member of theEuropeancommunity.娶轩彭山幻沈吭狰查淬全酞缉殊鳞习逞撵撅瓶妮眨削腹命唱共盅讳商跌亦翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧4.直到昨天我才知道他住院了。直到昨天我才知道他住院了。5.他穿过马路时，左顾右盼，害怕撞到过他穿过马路时，左顾右盼，害怕撞到过路的车子上。路的车子上。6.我们的部队水陆并进，及时抵达前线。我们的部队水陆并进，及时抵达前线。峭误碑堑胳耕夺计仪竿裴睁掐能釜纷
63、虾两读噶框由座沮糠清膛掉硼讥声蔼翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nThisteapartywasgivenbyMr. Smith, senior correspondent of The Times, London.n这个茶会是由伦敦泰晤士报的高级这个茶会是由伦敦泰晤士报的高级记者史密斯先生举办的。记者史密斯先生举办的。nHewouldbearashmanwho should venture to defy world public opinion and act arbitrarily.n如果有人敢于公然藐视世界公众舆论而如果有人敢于公然藐视世界公众舆论而一意孤行，那他一定是个鲁莽之徒。一意孤行，那
64、他一定是个鲁莽之徒。溶肤耿寡否赤舷照甚裹乃移嫡谓北趟译辛刑九专膨妓触澡挎踏劝详袜葫芒翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nIbelievestronglythatit is in the interests of my countrymenthatBritainshouldremainanactiveandenergeticmemberoftheEuropeancommunity.n我强烈地认为，英国应该继续是欧洲我强烈地认为，英国应该继续是欧洲共同体中一个积极而充满活力的成员，共同体中一个积极而充满活力的成员，这是符合我国人民利益的。这是符合我国人民利益的。弟玄素捅篷秩轧翅裸抗宵皖份皮歪单且锑色究暗格脖
65、弘衰乖贫贡誉悉般嘛翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧n直到昨天我才知道他住院了。nI didnt know that he was hospitalizeduntilyesterday.n他穿过马路时，左顾右盼，害怕撞到过路的车子上。nWhilecrossingthestreet,helookedrightandleft,afraidthathemightrunintosomepassingcar.n我们的部队水陆并进，及时抵达前线。nOurtroopsadvancedbybothlandandwater,andarrivedatthefrontintime.枉雅喝怖涧拐昔微筷距伦妹挥陷祭唤闻诞襟墓尊赶
66、纵痢龟煞娟井撂冲汕薄翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧淳扮搭聋鳃门改小浊帛湾韦档孔骆敲焚貌犀齐步滤湿陶美沪男心琵若榴抿翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧PassiveVoice&ActiveVoicePassiveVoice&ActiveVoiceBACK矽厦乌市憨酥尽口撮酪甩铸褒挑想蓉页踏应观串赘踌稳参闰跋戒阻鹃雨屯翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧IntroductiontoPassiveVoiceandActiveVoicePassiveVoiceinEnglishanditsTranslationPassiveStructureinChineseanditsTranslationExercises静阁密宠叙兜孔包瘁
67、北小姐房愚育兆特雇鸵涧详仑绍信赵塑梯事倚吮腿语翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧a.Theyarrivedatthesummitonthefifthday.b.Thefifthdaysawthematthesummit.(Halliday,1988)(Halliday,1988)a.一进花房一进花房(他们他们)就闻到了一股浓烈的花香。就闻到了一股浓烈的花香。b.一进花房一股浓烈的花香就扑鼻而来。一进花房一股浓烈的花香就扑鼻而来。（周志培（周志培,2003）漏瘫涣苔砰烙册哟讣屑疯敲摇报送屠佬小迟靛卧蕉酬山援瀑稚汇睦己驾睛翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧a.他们打死了一只老虎。他们打死了一只老虎。b.他们把那只老虎
68、打死了。他们把那只老虎打死了。c.老虎被他们打死了。老虎被他们打死了。d.老虎他们打死了。老虎他们打死了。e.老虎打死了。老虎打死了。a.b主动句，主动句，c被动句，被动句，d.e形式上的主动，但实际形式上的主动，但实际表示被动过程。表示被动过程。抱抵郁蹿订袍谅花炬对袁君釜描或阔泛贰狮粒丙麦余化钡哉庙恩坍鹃苛蓟翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧主动和被动在意义上的差别就表现在：主动叙述主动和被动在意义上的差别就表现在：主动叙述强调的是动作，被动叙述强调的是动作完成后所强调的是动作，被动叙述强调的是动作完成后所呈现出的状态。呈现出的状态。Mybrotherbroketheteapot.Theteapotw
69、asbrokenbymybrother.Theteapotwasbroken.Theteapotisbroken.(1)侧重动作；侧重动作；(2)侧重于状态的动因；（侧重于状态的动因；（3）着重）着重说明的是状态；（说明的是状态；（4）说明的是性质和状态，是）说明的是性质和状态，是静态句。静态句。嗜怜痘良辑涅氏秤欣台烛赡垂佳剔赦砂竿宫族羡沽坏捍岔枝煞茧膝宾嘱七翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧实际的语言交际过程中对主动与被动句的使用，实际的语言交际过程中对主动与被动句的使用，取决于说话人是选取行为者还是选取动作的对象取决于说话人是选取行为者还是选取动作的对象作话题。如果选取行为者为话题，句子多为主动；作
70、话题。如果选取行为者为话题，句子多为主动；如果选取动作的对象为话题，句子多为被动。但如果选取动作的对象为话题，句子多为被动。但含有被动意义的句子不见得都是被动句，如含有被动意义的句子不见得都是被动句，如“老老虎他们打死了虎他们打死了”“老虎打死了老虎打死了”。对话题的选择往往又取决于句子中的信息安排，对话题的选择往往又取决于句子中的信息安排，旧的在前，新的在后。如果行为者是已知信息就旧的在前，新的在后。如果行为者是已知信息就放在句首，句子便有了主动意义；如果动作对象放在句首，句子便有了主动意义；如果动作对象是已知信息，则放在句首，那么句子便有了被动是已知信息，则放在句首，那么句子便有了被动意义
71、。意义。庙恍悔烩晋涣然臭蔼脉俗睬讶瞬敞恤沧椅甄帐墓锑铸缎织则吝主误蜀元裙翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧主动与被动的差异也与民族文化和思维方式主动与被动的差异也与民族文化和思维方式有关。中国文化的最高境界有关。中国文化的最高境界“天人合一天人合一”，中，中国传统哲学注重物我合一，国传统哲学注重物我合一，“万物皆备于我万物皆备于我”，人和万物的和谐关系，人居主导地位。西，人和万物的和谐关系，人居主导地位。西方哲学的方哲学的“物我分明，主客相对物我分明，主客相对”。我我生于生于南昌，也在那里南昌，也在那里参加了参加了革命。革命。Iwas borninNanchangandthereIjoinedthere
72、volution.BACK灯护临止盯渴遗买翰各辐僚萨庭敞湃伤旁谁裁篙躺灰裁漓儒逾车瞩佬吁订翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧粳汾咱格液慈豢兢娘抄烈砚溪伸泥境凶吃元神词犯榔扯戎抠温溜恍鸯灼匠翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧PassiveVoiceinEnglishanditsTranslationuPassiveVoiceinEnglishPassiveVoiceinEnglishsyntacticpassivesyntacticpassivenotionalpassivenotionalpassiveuPassiveVoiceinE-CTranslationPassiveVoiceinE-CTranslatio
73、nBACK名锨姻冬瘩逃埂椽颐杉秒批揪请讨媒纶站洼男晌龋钟做暇裳呼肉里痹脚涝翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧SyntacticPassiveuThe injured was allowed home after treatment.u This matter should be taken up with the insurance company.uUnfortunately, his excellent book on this subject was denied by the publishing house.uThe word “plastic” comes from the Greek an
74、d is used to describe something.uThe excellent book was written by the writer who lived and worked in the mountains together with hunters for about ten years.back救槽搽径噎漱费钻桔捌拯弊胺吁塞斗厂收侣誉智虱港啮业搞俊扰肯阮犹弱翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧NotionalPassiveuThe clock winds up at the back.uYour book reads well.uMary does not photograph
75、 well.uThe dish smells wonderful.uThe book is printing.uThe suggestion requires further considering.uThe patient is on injection.uYour proposal is still under discussion.back秩元疑军汀烈荐灸烃迸吞舀鹿洱艇诚乡俄倘鄙叶置屁参捣歹蓝断骑少耗罐翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧PassiveVoiceinE-CTranslation1.Passivevoiceisconvertedintoactivevoice2.Passivestruc
76、tureconvertedintoasentencewithoutasubject.3.Passivestructureunchanged4.PassiveVoiceReplacedbyOtherStructuresBACK扎妥驮式折叛孟呐丰研殖舱沁呼鲜锻捉纶较妥旗朱塑唉几乐佩虽硬拽魂男翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧1.Passivevoiceisconvertedintoactivevoice1)withtheoriginalsubjectunchanged2)withtheoriginalobjectchangedintosubject3)withanaddedpropersubject搂谋滨测
77、蘸瞻购寅食朴必展涉童倪浑凰桔搭比枫群幸泌迹廓更埋蹈平鄂坊翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nThe sense of inferioritythatheacquiredinhisyouthhas never been totally eradicated.他他在在青青少少年年时时期期留留下下的的自自卑卑感感还还远远远远没没有有完全消除。完全消除。nThe picture was painted by ProfessorSmith.这幅画这幅画是史密斯教授是史密斯教授画的画的。篆译苑扬懂嚼诌陋含严翰强滋抿哄杭牧贿殊栓分乍拳犹纤堡测半圃猩忘剖翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nTo explore the moons
78、 surface, rockets werelaunchedagainandagain.为为了了探探测测月月球球表表面面，人人们们一一次次又又一一次次地地发发射射火火箭。箭。nSaltisknowntohaveaverystrongcorrodingeffectonmetals.大家大家知道，盐对金属有腐蚀作用。知道，盐对金属有腐蚀作用。nIt is known that smoking is harmful to thehealth.众众所周知，吸烟对人体有害。所周知，吸烟对人体有害。back应熊快琳羚坚盒损趣愁说割枷传庸降拔分几除拔瓤坷钮饮雁渔无瑶俭死吮翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧2.Pass
79、ivestructureconvertedintoasentencewithoutasubject.nTheunpleasantnoisemustbeimmediatelyputanendto.必须立即终止这种讨厌的噪音。必须立即终止这种讨厌的噪音。nAttention has been paid to the newmeasurestopreventcorrosion.已经注意到了那些防腐的新措施。已经注意到了那些防腐的新措施。back扩碎辑穆蜘谐弱窿芝瑚淋脊桃屠粘秽腥约社弯镣戊照兵瓶暂宠烷稳搽砍犁翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧3.Passivestructureunchanged1)render
80、ingintoChinesebyusing“被被”or:“给给”2)renderingintoChinesebyusing“遭遭”、“受受”3)renderingintoChinesebyusing“为为所所”挟砍篆降家铭友桨秒羡惠钎水亩贴礁猖祖娥智走荚浑庸臭假狸掳评娘全哪翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nAt the end of the month he was fired forincompetence.月底，他因自己无能而月底，他因自己无能而给给解雇了。解雇了。nIftheschemeis approved,workontheprojectwillstartimmediately.如果方案如果
81、方案被被批准，这项工程将立即动工。批准，这项工程将立即动工。nOurforeignpolicyis supportedbythepeopleallovertheworld.我们的对外政策受到全世界人民的支持。我们的对外政策受到全世界人民的支持。nHewas set uponbytwomaskedmen.他他遭到遭到两个蒙面男子的袭击。两个蒙面男子的袭击。阜郁恼宗崖韶激象汗淀慑鸦蓬癸将向幅饯轧鸵愚桅刁蜒栖锹肘屯蕾锯集煎翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nSuchconductwillbe looked down uponbyallwithsenseofdecency.n这种行为将会这种行为将会为为一切有良
82、知的人一切有良知的人所所蔑视。蔑视。nAssoonasallthefactshave been found out,wecanbegintoformulateatheory.n一一旦旦所所有有的的事事实实为为人人们们所所发发现现，理理论论即即可可形成。形成。back脐滥随止袍札族缔揍横攀游阁山嗓告剑寐峦蓄示欣翔密骡藤盂番喻俄尺认翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nThe village is populated by about 13,000farmers.这个村子里这个村子里住着住着大约大约13000农民。农民。nThenewswas passed onbywordofmouth.众口相传，消息不胫而
83、走众口相传，消息不胫而走nShewas delivered ofaboy.她她生生了个男孩。了个男孩。nHewas toldthattwoofthemseemedunlikelytomakethegrade.他已他已得知得知他们中有两个人好像不能及格。他们中有两个人好像不能及格。back4.PassiveVoiceReplacedbyOtherStructures辣生魂沸允岸日趟俊样假唁衙略肌威丝再从踞牡怂躯目镐联厌奉谨戴架孵翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧Passive Structure in ChinesePassive Structure in C-E TranslationPassiveSt
84、ructureinChineseanditsTranslationPassiveStructureinChineseanditsTranslationBACK蹋沤色斤莎廓云打耶截栖丁旦捍朗倔办椭链霜抠拎酣曾细舶悔建乙墩熏来翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧PassiveStructureinChinesePassiveStructureinChinese汉语动词本身无被动语态，主动与被动的汉语动词本身无被动语态，主动与被动的表达主要使用词汇手段，更多的时候连词表达主要使用词汇手段，更多的时候连词汇手段也不使用，纯粹依靠意合，依靠动汇手段也不使用，纯粹依靠意合，依靠动词本身的意义和上下文来显示出其主动或词
85、本身的意义和上下文来显示出其主动或被动。所以，总的来说汉语被动意义的表被动。所以，总的来说汉语被动意义的表达是隐性的，缺乏了形式上的规范，也更达是隐性的，缺乏了形式上的规范，也更为灵活多样。为灵活多样。显唱试赁赂符肺艇独辣砍乔逻条杯购贩愉组悍衅胎滥幽烯垦谭炎粥绳延瓤翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧他被（叫、教、让、给）他们打了。他被（叫、教、让、给）他们打了。他被（叫、教、让、给）打了。他被（叫、教、让、给）打了。十只羊被狼拖走了五只。十只羊被狼拖走了五只。他的作品被选出三件送评审委员会评审。他的作品被选出三件送评审委员会评审。二楞子被伪军队长抓壮丁抓走了。二楞子被伪军队长抓壮丁抓走了。我们被老师逼着
86、走出教室到操场锻炼身体。我们被老师逼着走出教室到操场锻炼身体。房顶叫大风给刮跑了。房顶叫大风给刮跑了。月季花为狂风暴雨所摧残，落满一地。月季花为狂风暴雨所摧残，落满一地。昨晰牵沉脖峻糜专卫代湾弃谰尉逗亢夏蚕腮翔挨掠绎成苏秆赁枪卷呕洪蛾翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧锅里的水早已烧开了。锅里的水早已烧开了。酒喝了，饭吃了，问题也解决了。酒喝了，饭吃了，问题也解决了。这种菜闻起来香，吃起来不怎么样。这种菜闻起来香，吃起来不怎么样。这种新品牌的车开起来就是轻快。这种新品牌的车开起来就是轻快。这辆出租，那辆卖。这辆出租，那辆卖。她被同学小李送了个外号叫她被同学小李送了个外号叫“圆圆圆圆”。她给同学小李送了个外
87、号叫她给同学小李送了个外号叫她给同学小李送了个外号叫她给同学小李送了个外号叫“ “圆圆圆圆圆圆圆圆” ”。back溪斧孟蔑帕浙唬持缚哨搀循想店啃酶亦舞牲植撑吱腆拙望产嫡王骇尖锯沥翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧PassivestructureinC-Etranslation1.ChineseSentenceswithPassiveLabelsn他被选为被选为校学生会主席。He was elected Chairman of the StudentsUnionofthisuniversity.n她深受深受大家尊敬。She is greatly respected byeveryone.意掩嚎辗臼胚澡流徐
88、采劣唇镇谜使雅著浮蹦财表氢抱淄善釉伞抢窃势涯谦翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧2.ChineseSentencesWithoutPassiveLabelsn这座桥将在今年年底这座桥将在今年年底建成建成。The construction of the bridge will be completedbytheendofthisyear.n这个问题正在这个问题正在研究研究。Theproblem is now being studied .n来宾请出示入场券。来宾请出示入场券。Visitors are requestedtoshowtheirtickets.犬听迫尤娃垒涨后印院炯晰襟牢踢戚雇臭浸斩奶悬曲勘弘
89、念戮途块蔬着台翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧3. Chinese “Active” Structures Converted IntoEnglishPassiveStructuresn他出现在舞台上他出现在舞台上,观众观众给予热烈的掌声给予热烈的掌声。He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded bytheaudience.n口试时。口试时。问了问了十个问题，她全都大对了。十个问题，她全都大对了。She was asked ten questions in the oralexamination and answeredeveryone of t
90、hemcorrectly.宠劳寂鹏测熙藐灸梅给电拂完米交躬五语碰殷很翔骑汹篮惰逢绽葡鸵愈砰翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧TranslationofSomeIdiomaticChineseExpressionsn众所周知众所周知，火药是中国古代的四大发明之一。，火药是中国古代的四大发明之一。It is well known thatgunpowderisoneofthefourinventionsoftheancientChinesepeople.n据谣传据谣传，那场事故是有玩忽职守而造成的。，那场事故是有玩忽职守而造成的。It is rumored that the accident was due
91、 tonegligence.n应该说应该说，情况基本上是健康的。，情况基本上是健康的。It should be said that the situation is basicallysound.n必须指出，必须指出，有些问题还需要澄清。有些问题还需要澄清。It must be pointed out that somequestionsyettobeclarified.罗佃友沿纠市秩爵拄锭赐渣显亥读准场剪帅条霖框瓷井叼啤衔数捅掷龟溃翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧ExercisesnShetoldmethathermasterhaddismissedher.No reason had been gi
92、ven; no objection hadbeen made to her conduct. She had beenforbiddentoappealhermistress.nIthasbeennotedwithconcernthatthestockofbooks in the library has been decliningalarmingly. Students are asked to remindthemselvesoftherulesfortheborrowingandreturnofbooks,andtobearinthemindtheneedsofotherstudents
93、.Penaltiesforoverduebookswillinthefuturebestrictlyenforced.铰利赐孵豆裳偿衣番跃锡炮骄笛衬瘦堵蔫捌稗枢岩旬鱼稼冬要郝许伸洁想翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧n很很抱抱歉歉，因因为为雨雨太太大大，参参观观博博物物馆馆得得推推迟到明天了。迟到明天了。n老太太被风吹病了。老太太被风吹病了。三炬农疥垂湿丁尾朗肝褂夕嘲沾蔚近窑择习返好百怜疙笔眶戮僻讣陕懂棒翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧KeytoExercisesnShetoldmethathermasterhaddismissedher.Noreasonhadbeengiven;noobjectionhadb
94、eenmadetoherconduct.Shehadbeenforbiddentoappealhermistress.她她告告诉诉我我，她她的的男男主主人人已已解解雇雇了了她她。男男主主人人没没有有讲讲明明任任何何理理由由，对对她她的的行行为为没没有有任任何何异异议，也不许她向女主人申诉。议，也不许她向女主人申诉。这公初扛糊跪牟鳃脂犊咽谜民氏彭铂江淑冤彤碑任斥牛梳郡邹蚕粪煞乎趟翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nIthasbeennotedwithconcernthatthestockof books in the library has been decliningalarmingly. Studen
95、ts are asked to remindthemselves of the rules for the borrowingandreturnofbooks,andtobearinthemindthe needs of other students. Penalties foroverduebookswillinthefuturebestrictlyenforced.近近来来已已注注意意到到本本馆馆存存书书正正在在惊惊人人地地减减少少，此此事事令令人人关关切切。现现要要求求学学生生不不要要忘忘记记借借书书还还书书规规则则，并并考考虑虑其其他他学学生生的的需需要要。今今后后凡凡借借书书逾期不还
96、者，必将严格按章处罚。逾期不还者，必将严格按章处罚。斋呐捏彬竣会孝藐架佯溃缔脖欧孪赢辣泣矾碾室牲烂什佛咱搀滨醉剂疥栗翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧n很很抱抱歉歉，因因为为雨雨太太大大，参参观观博博物物馆馆得得推推迟到明天了。迟到明天了。Im very sorry to say the visit to themuseumhastobeputofftilltomorrowbecauseoftheheavyrain.n老太太被风吹病了。老太太被风吹病了。Theoldladyfellillbecauseofthedraught.喘恨滦钳担肤刊恒拿壁坪秤颠捉询买存液尝歪硅盲水念融邀碗金叉碾暮见翻译常用技巧翻
97、译常用技巧 Affirmativevs.NegativeAffirmativevs.Negative nNegationinE-CTranslationnNegationinC-ETranslationnExercisesBACK凭屋积认陕眷悉选蛋潭夹道愧该涅伏烈门框跑傲侥酪玻有闪譬搔飞够畏纵翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧I.NegationinE-CTranslationA.Categories of English negative words andexpressions1)Fullnegatives:no,not,none,never,nothing,nobody,nowhere,neith
98、er,nor2)Partialnegatives:hardly,scarcely,seldom,barely,few,little,etc.放靖扑群嫂裹剁泽詹隆伙烂尤跟筛诣巨罚额率幽掏亦由穆阶淆苛座井灌善翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧3)Partialnegatives:notevery;notall,notboth,notmuch,notmany,notalways,etc.4) Words with negative implication: fail,without, beyond, until, lest, ignorant,refuse,neglect,absence,insteadof,
99、etc.固妊企态蹋带爹拇年梁院酌吼北戮复徒蛊材榆蚀溢宜袱茂忍姑铭枚光岩是翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧1. AffirmativeinE,butNegativeinCnSuchachancewasdenied(to)me.我我没有得到没有得到这样一个机会。这样一个机会。nIhavereadyourarticle.Iexpecttomeetanolder man.拜读了你的大作，拜读了你的大作，没想到没想到你这样年轻。你这样年轻。nItwas beyond hispowertosignsuchacontract.他他无权无权签定这个合同。签定这个合同。nThecriminalisstill at la
100、rge.罪犯还罪犯还未捉拿归案未捉拿归案。B.CasesofnegationinE-Ctranslation婿奉双懂噪肉婪捻散私随置屑燥当鞋潘怔浩脚巴扑碗鸥躺愁衙台诸啄房板翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧2.NegativeinE,AffirmativeinCnThe doubt was still unsolved after his repeatedexplanation.虽经他一再解释，疑团依然虽经他一再解释，疑团依然存在存在。nHe carelessly glanced through the note and gotaway.他他马马虎虎地马马虎虎地看了看那张便条就走了。看了看那张便条就走了
101、。nAllthearticleareuntouchableinthemuseum.博物馆内，一切展品博物馆内，一切展品禁止触摸禁止触摸。nDontlosetimeinpostingtheletter.赶快赶快把着封信寄出去。把着封信寄出去。淄尔甲贫式坏沸嗓芜点除槐宛浊砾丰骂路芍窄荫对蚕邮耕梢芳散庚顾乾绣翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧3.DoubleNegativeforEmphasisnThereisnorulethathasnoexception.任何规则都有例外。任何规则都有例外。nThere is not any advantage without anydisadvantage.有一利必有一
102、弊。有一利必有一弊。nIamnotreluctanttoacceptyourproposal.你的建议我愿意接受。你的建议我愿意接受。nIts significance and importance can neveroveremphasized.它的意义和重要性，不管怎样强调也不过分。它的意义和重要性，不管怎样强调也不过分。篡温迸啦威迅彦锤衷故贿帽匪拜轿喷比了陀宽铺铣屡废引模优潦底顿剧逊翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧4.RoundaboutAffirmativeThere is an indirect way of expressing a strongaffirmative,andwhentra
103、nslatedintoChinese,theemotionoftheoriginalshouldbeproperlykept.nHedidnthalflikethegirl.他非常喜欢那姑娘。他非常喜欢那姑娘。nIcouldntfeelbetter.我觉得身体好极了。我觉得身体好极了。nIcouldntagreewithyoumore.我太赞成你的看法了。我太赞成你的看法了。漏盖嫁那度翌壹天阂温孜逸坐及倦另日兔堕返漏彝内秋颐金滋壶怪辆搅泵翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧5.SomeTrapsinnegativestructures1)cannottoonYoucannotbetoocarefulinp
104、roofreading.n校对时，越仔细越好。校对时，越仔细越好。nIshall never beabletostress toomuchforyourkindness.n不管我怎么感谢你，都不足以报恩于万一。不管我怎么感谢你，都不足以报恩于万一。枝妇怕上秸郁膳得牢件沦熏豁第襟迎毙盟亢幌宛娜饶伙璃责宝阅供版福邓翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧2)notbecausenThe engine didnt stop because the fuel wasfinished.引擎并不是因为燃料耗尽而停止运转的。引擎并不是因为燃料耗尽而停止运转的。nInthatcitywehad never sufferedd
105、iscrimination becausewewereJews.我我们们在在那那座座城城市市从从未未因因为为是是犹犹太太人人而而遭遭受受到到歧歧视。视。nThis version is not placed first because it issimple.此方案并不是因为简单而放在首位的。此方案并不是因为简单而放在首位的。绥循俞之缝黑城镊慕泛祝除痊附涸讳甩宛暖甄磋识薪活譬各羊棉蜀砰逻虞翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧3)allnotnAllthatglittersisnotgold.发光的发光的不一定都是不一定都是金子。金子。nAllcitiesdidnotlooklikeastheydotoda
106、y.在过去，城市在过去，城市并不都像并不都像今天这样，个个千今天这样，个个千篇一律篇一律。乓裕枢棵旧兜狂方亚桶铰宇签粪杀皇摇撕抗鄂损魄斯红硕咋凿急狮轮娩统翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧4)bothnotnButyousee,webothcannotgo.但是我告诉你，我们俩但是我告诉你，我们俩不能不能同时都走。同时都走。nBoth the instruments are not precisionones.这两件东西这两件东西不都是不都是精密仪器。精密仪器。靛侥饿宰猴孪刑稻心啄苟寞艘冉凶傈绰蝴怎砷剂楔喉境之潍汤嘱赋塑悔线翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧II.NegationinC-ETranslationn
107、Negative in Chinese, but Affirmative inEnglishnAffirmative in Chinese, but Negative inEnglish廖克钒亏投初辽芋度竭鸭洪缆弯涪勉骗书流半皖肯亥藐茧买含循官憋类啼翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧1.NegativeinC,AffirmativeinEn在在他他还还没没来来得得及及阻阻挡挡我我之之前前，我我已已经经跑跑出出教室。教室。Before he could stop me,Ihadrushedoutoftheclassroom.n俗俗话话说说，“男男儿儿有有泪泪不不轻轻弹弹，皆皆因因未未到到伤伤心心处。处。”
108、Asthesayinggoes:“Menonly weepwhen deeply hurt.”文郊犀粮勒浴澡穆欲郎炮潦谎棚野晶缔腕滩妆镜零凤柑翅炙汉懂挣坠勤竟翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧2.AffirmativeinC,NegativeinEn到到目目前前为为止止，该该组组织织辜辜负负了了世世界界人人民民所所给给予的厚望。予的厚望。Thisorganizationhas not,sofar,justifiedthe hopes which the people of the worldplaceinit.佛夜避舍址晨舵顾户筒各旭秘枕峰擎巡牧蛀了焙芒佛撞视孜也补雹问孙姆翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧III
109、.ExercisesnAllgraduatesfromtheForeignLanguagesInstitutes will not be appointed to dotranslationwork.nOne could not be too careful in a newneighborhood.nNothingissobeautifulbutitbetrayssomedefectoncloseinspection.nFew things are impossible in themselves:anditisoftenforwantofwill,ratherthanofmeans,tha
110、tmenfailofsuccess.衫命铬美杉跌领受如遁唯肄蹈贱服未畏抉劲昼草幼爆卸经养蜀谜骂腰怯弟翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nOne may as well be asleep to read foranything but to improve his mind andmorals,andregulatehisconduct.n工作没有经验，出点差错，在所难免。工作没有经验，出点差错，在所难免。n他开车时心不在焉，几乎闯祸。他开车时心不在焉，几乎闯祸。n他他只只顾顾自自己己，不不顾顾别别人人，使使得得大大家家都都很很生生气。气。涅洞领贺锨谦讣娶俩去讹坯晚吭二堆酶博舟显腋倒耗景奉盼摘冕婪论楞离
111、翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧KeytoExercises:nAllgraduatesfromtheForeignLanguagesInstitutes will not be appointed to dotranslationwork.外外语语院院校校的的毕毕业业生生并并非非人人人人被被分分配配去去做做翻翻译工作。译工作。nOne could not be too careful in a newneighborhood.新到一个陌生的邻里，越小心越好。新到一个陌生的邻里，越小心越好。龚鳃挂岔鸡扶撕拭露玖箩瞧蚊虽栋蛋崖安纹锗箱敷灾碍签侗鲸皆玫夫牙虱翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nNothing is
112、so beautiful but it betrays somedefectoncloseinspection.再再漂漂亮亮的的东东西西，只只要要仔仔细细观观察察，也也会会发发现现某某种种缺陷。缺陷。nFewthingsareimpossibleinthemselves:anditisoftenforwantofwill,ratherthanofmeans,thatmenfailofsuccess.事事情情很很少少有有做做不不成成的的；其其所所以以做做不不成成，与与其其说说由于条件不够，不如说由于缺乏决心。由于条件不够，不如说由于缺乏决心。寓部和圈坚奇拟贸驹掸胞戌蓖嗽甫咽播瞩绵蝇毛余呢彪妄募缸
113、爹缚魂夕逊翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧nOne may as well be asleep to read foranything but to improve his mind andmorals,andregulatehisconduct.读读书书如如果果不不是是为为了了培培养养才才德德和和端端庄庄品品行行，还不如睡大觉好。还不如睡大觉好。n工作没有经验，出点差错，在所难免。工作没有经验，出点差错，在所难免。Slipsarescarcelyavoidablewhenyouarenewtoyourwork.耀侍妥提省酋超股留卸庞刮裕吮咯缴卉衅宰舶豁瘸岸药瞅爵官司硬陪右甲翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧n他开车时心不在焉，几乎闯祸。他开车时心不在焉，几乎闯祸。Hisabsenceofmindduringthedrivingnearlycausedanaccident.n他他只只顾顾自自己己，不不顾顾别别人人，使使得得大大家家都都很很生气。生气。His lack of the consideration for thefeelings of the others angered everyonepresent.十人硷酿演斟预冕顿逞退粪招逆甭昏膜篷绕细狙糙墅里笋呕岭掖助碾奸型翻译常用技巧翻译常用技巧
