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1、Period Three Grammar，Speaking & Writing栏目索引语法专题构词法交际导航口语积累运用写作专题如何介绍景点语法专题 构词法英语的构词法主要有三种：合成、派生和转化。英语的构词法主要有三种：合成、派生和转化。一、合成(Compounding)由由两两个个或或更更多多的的词词合合成成一一个个词词，有有的的用用连连字字符符号号，有有的的直直接接写写在在一一起起，还有的由分开的两个词构成。还有的由分开的两个词构成。n语法精析1.合成名词合成名词构成方式构成方式例词例词名词名词名词名词blackboard(黑板黑板)，weekend (周末周末)名词动词名词动词dayb
2、reak(黎明黎明)名词动名词名词动名词handwriting(书法书法)名词及物名词及物动词动词er/orpainkiller(止痛药止痛药)名词介词名词名词介词名词editorinchief(总编辑总编辑)，motherinlaw(婆婆婆婆，岳母岳母)代词名词代词名词shewolf(母狼母狼)动词名词动词名词typewriter(打字机打字机)动名词名词动名词名词readingroom(阅览室阅览室)现在分词名词现在分词名词flyingfish(飞鱼飞鱼)过去分词副词过去分词副词grownup(成年人成年人)形容词名词形容词名词gentleman(绅士绅士)副词动词副词动词outbreak
3、(爆发爆发)介词名词介词名词afternoon(下午下午)2.合成形容词合成形容词构成方式构成方式例词例词名词形容词名词形容词snowwhite(雪白的雪白的)名词现在分词名词现在分词Englishspeaking(讲英语的讲英语的)名词名词to名词名词facetoface(面对面的面对面的)名词过去分词名词过去分词manmade(人造的人造的)数词名词数词名词oneway(单行的单行的)数词名词形容词数词名词形容词twoyearold(两岁的两岁的)数词名词数词名词edfivestoreyed(五层的五层的)动词副词动词副词seethrough(透明的透明的)形容词名词形容词名词highcl
4、ass(高级的高级的)形容词形容词名词名词ednobleminded(高尚的高尚的)形容词形容词形容词形容词lightblue(浅蓝色的浅蓝色的)形容词现在分词形容词现在分词goodlooking(相貌好看的相貌好看的)副词形容词副词形容词evergreen(常青的常青的)副词现在分词副词现在分词hardworking(勤劳的勤劳的)副词过去分词副词过去分词wellknown(著名的著名的)副词名词副词名词fastfood(专门提供快餐服务的专门提供快餐服务的)介词名词介词名词downhill(下坡的下坡的)3.合成动词合成动词构成方式构成方式例词例词名词动词名词动词sleepwalk(梦游梦
5、游)形容词动词形容词动词whitewash(粉刷粉刷)副词动词副词动词overthrow(推翻推翻)4.合成副词合成副词构成方式构成方式例词例词形容词名词形容词名词hotfoot(匆忙地匆忙地)形容词副词形容词副词everywhere(到处到处)副词副词副词副词however(尽管如此尽管如此)介词名词介词名词beforehand(事先事先)介词副词介词副词forever(永远永远)5.合成代词合成代词构成方式构成方式例词例词代词宾格代词宾格selfherself(她自己她自己)物主代词物主代词selfmyself(我自己我自己)形容词名词形容词名词anything(任何东西任何东西)6.合成
6、介词合成介词构成方式构成方式例词例词副词名词副词名词inside(在在里面里面)介词副词介词副词within(在在之内之内)副词介词副词介词into(进入进入)注注意意：(1)由由“可可数数名名词词介介词词(短短语语)”构构成成的的复复合合名名词词变变复复数数时时，把把前前面面的的 名名 词词 变变 复复 数数 。 例例 如如 ： fatherinlawfathersinlaw， passerby passersby；(2)由由man和和woman构构成成的的合合成成名名词词变变复复数数时时，两两个个名名词词都都要要变变成成复复数数。例如：例如：woman doctorwomen doctor
7、s；(3)由由“名名词词名名词词”构构成成的的复复合合名名词词，在在变变复复数数时时，只只变变化化中中心心名名词词，而修饰名词不变。例如：而修饰名词不变。例如：girlfriendgirlfriends。答案即时跟踪即时跟踪1根据构词法，猜测下列句子中画线单词的汉语意思根据构词法，猜测下列句子中画线单词的汉语意思1.He has invented a sunpowered car which is very friendly to the environment. _2.I have rented a house in the city centre，and my landlady is ve
8、ry kind to me. _3.She is a very shortsighted girl and she cant consider the interest of the future at all. _4.Dont do it until last moment.You should do it beforehand. _以太阳能为动力的以太阳能为动力的女房东女房东目光短浅的目光短浅的事先事先答案5.Perhaps she cant be admitted into a medical university because she is colorblind. _6.If you
9、 are still having a headache，take this painkiller. _7.As we all know，most glass is usually seethrough. _8.This is an evergreen tree.I like it very much. _9.You are absentminded again.Please listen to the teacher carefully._10.Im told that his newlybought shirt is dark blue. _色盲的色盲的止痛药止痛药透明的透明的常绿的常绿的
10、心不在焉的心不在焉的新买的新买的二、派生(Derivation)派生法是由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词。派生法是由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词。1.前缀前缀前缀一般只改变单词的意思，不改变词性。前缀一般只改变单词的意思，不改变词性。分类分类举例举例常见否定前缀常见否定前缀ilillegal非法的非法的ununhappy不高兴的不高兴的imimpatient不耐烦的不耐烦的disdisappear消失消失inincorrect不正确的不正确的nonnonstop不停不停irirregular不规则的不规则的表示其他意义的常见前缀表示其他意义的常见前缀anti(反对；抵抗反对；抵抗)a
11、ntiwar反战的反战的sub(下面的下面的) subway地铁地铁inter(互相互相) Internet互联网互联网re(再；又再；又) rewrite重写重写en(使使) enrich使富足使富足pre(前；预先前；预先) preview预习预习post(后的后的) postwar战后战后mid(中；半中；半) midnight午夜午夜vice(副副) vicemanager副经理副经理micro(微微) microscope显微镜显微镜for/fore(先；预先；预) forecast预报预报co(共；同共；同) cooperation合作合作mini(小型小型) miniskirt迷
12、你裙迷你裙bi(双的双的) bimonthly双月的双月的2.后缀后缀后后缀缀常常会会改改变变单单词词的的词词性性，构构成成意意思思相相近近的的其其他他词词性性；少少数数后后缀缀还还会会改改变词义，变为与原来词义不同的新词。变词义，变为与原来词义不同的新词。分类分类列举列举举例举例常见名词后缀常见名词后缀er/or(从从事事的的人人)，ese(某某地地人人)，ian(的的人人)，ist(专专业业人人员员)，ism(主主义义)，ment(性性质质；状状态态)，ness(性性质质)，tion/ation(动动作；过程作；过程)，dom(状态；区域状态；区域)teacher教师教师Japanese日
13、本人日本人musician音乐家音乐家artist艺术家艺术家movement运动运动darkness黑暗黑暗invention发明发明常见动词后缀常见动词后缀en(多用于形容词之后多用于形容词之后)，fy(使使化化)，ize(使使成为成为)widen加宽加宽beautify美化美化realize意识到意识到常见形容词后缀常见形容词后缀al，able，an，ble，ern，ful，th，ive，less，like，ly，y，ous，somenational民族的民族的reasonable合理的合理的American美国的美国的careful细心的细心的active有活力的有活力的常见副词后缀常
14、见副词后缀ly(用于形容词后表示方式或程度用于形容词后表示方式或程度)，ward(s)(表示方向表示方向)quickly迅速地迅速地angrily生气地生气地northward朝北朝北upward(s)向上向上常见数词后缀常见数词后缀teen，th，tythirteen十三十三fourth第四第四答案即时跟踪即时跟踪2用所给词的正确形式填空用所给词的正确形式填空1.Many accidents are caused by some drivers (careless).2.The police are looking into the womans (disappear).3.After a
15、long (discuss) with her father，she decided not to take the job.4.Rose had left the company after a (disagree) with her boss.5.The boy didnt pass the entrance examination，so his parents were _(happy) about the result.unhappycarelessnessdisappearancediscussiondisagreement答案6.The dictionary is very (he
16、lp).7.It is said that the highway is still under (construct).8.She thinks the life in the countryside is (comfort).9.The young singers (perform) caught the audiences attention the moment the concert began.10.The Great Wall in China left a deep (impress) on the people all over the world.impressionhel
17、pfulconstructioncomfortableperformance三、转化(Conversion)转化转化举例举例名词名词动词动词hand手手/递，递，watch手表手表/观看，观看，smoke烟烟/吸烟，吸烟，fish鱼鱼/钓鱼钓鱼名词名词形容词形容词light光线光线/轻的，轻的，wrong错误错误/错的，错的，right右边右边/对的对的动词动词形容词形容词clean打打扫扫/干干净净的的，close关关上上/近近的的，free使使自自由由/自由的自由的副词副词形容词形容词enough足足够够地地/足足够够的的，last最最后后/最最后后的的，hard努努力力/困难的困难的读音
18、不同，词性不同读音不同，词性不同这这些些词词作作动动词词时时重重音音在在后后；作作名名词词时时重重音音在在前前：digest/dIdest/v.消消化化，/dIdest/n.摘摘要要，文文摘摘；permit/pmIt/v.准许，允许，准许，允许，/pmIt/n.许可证许可证答案即时跟踪即时跟踪3写出下列句子中画线单词的词性并翻译句子写出下列句子中画线单词的词性并翻译句子1.a.He bought a history book.b.Have you booked your ticket?a.词性：词性：_句意为：句意为：_b.词性：词性：_句意为：句意为：_2.a.There are many
19、new houses and shops along the street.b.I always shop on Saturdays.a.词性：词性：_句意为：句意为：_b.词性：词性：_句意为：句意为：_我经常在星期六购物。我经常在星期六购物。名词名词他买了一本历史书。他买了一本历史书。动词动词你订票了吗？你订票了吗？名词名词沿街有许多房屋和店铺。沿街有许多房屋和店铺。动词动词3.a.It was only a dream，after all.b.The boy dreams of becoming a pilot.a.词性：词性：_句意为：句意为：_b.词性：词性：_句意为：句意为：_4.
20、a.Whats the score?b.Who scored the goal?a.词性：词性：_句意为：句意为：_b.词性：词性：_句意为：句意为：_答案这个球谁进的？这个球谁进的？名词名词这终究是一场梦而已。这终究是一场梦而已。动词动词那个男孩子梦想成为一名飞行员。那个男孩子梦想成为一名飞行员。名词名词比分是多少？比分是多少？动词动词5.a.What is the result of your entrance examination?b.The accident resulted in the death of two passengers.a.词性：词性：_句意为：句意为：_b.词性：
21、词性：_句意为：句意为：_答案名词名词你入学考试的成绩如何？你入学考试的成绩如何？动词动词这起事故导致两名乘客丧生。这起事故导致两名乘客丧生。.用所给词的正确形式填空用所给词的正确形式填空1.The title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.(2016全国全国)2.Then， handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of (achieve).(2016全国全国)3.Recent studies show that we are
22、 far more productive at work if we take short breaks (regular).(2016全国全国)n高考链接答案regularlyofficiallyachievement答案4.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which _(gradual) turned into chopsticks.(2016全国全国)5.Chinese scientists (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a new
23、born baby.(2016四川四川)6.As (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.(2015全国全国)7.Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.(2015江苏江苏)adjustmentsgraduallyrecentlynatura
24、l答案.单句改错单句改错(每小题仅有每小题仅有1处错误处错误)1.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.(2016全国全国，短文改错，短文改错)2.Instead，he hopes that his business will grow steady.(2016全国全国，短文改错，短文改错)3.Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.(2015全国全国，短文改错，短文改错)hone
25、stysteadilyserious答案4.Dad and I were terrible worried.(2015全国全国，短文改错，短文改错)5.I noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people.(2014浙江，短文改错浙江，短文改错)6.I am awfully tired，but I know Ill never fall sleep.(2013浙江，短文改错浙江，短文改错)terriblynoisyasleep返回答案7.This made for the grow in the porcelain indus
26、try.(2013新课标全国新课标全国，短文改错，短文改错)8.He had a deep voice，which set himself apart from others in our small town，and he was strong and powerful.(2013新课标全国新课标全国，短文改错，短文改错)growthhimAsking the way & Giving directions1.Where is the.?2.How far is/are the.?3.How can we get to.?4.Can/Could you show me where.?5.Ov
27、er there is the.6.Down the path you can see.7.Its about 10 minutes walk.8.Go down this path and turn left/right at the first crossing.交际导航口语积累运用答案 语法填空语法填空A：I want to make lots of money when I 1. (grow) up.You know，money means happiness.B：Im surprised to hear that.Why do you think 2. ?A：Because with
28、 money we can buy new houses and beautiful clothes.We can even do a lot of sightseeing.B：I dont think youre right in saying so.Though money is important，it doesnt mean 3. .A：Im puzzled！4. ?B：Take Einstein 5. example.He asked for a very small salary. 即时即时跟踪跟踪 forgrowsoeverythingWhyA：Why？Could you exp
29、lain that to me?B：Well，to him happiness means 6. (be) able to make 7._(science) achievements.Do you know why many rich people 8. (be) not happy?A：No.I dont understand.Could you tell me?B：Thats because we cant buy friendship 9. love with money.A：Ah，I see.Thank you for 10. (let) me know so much about
30、happiness.B：Youre welcome！返回答案lettingbeingscientificareor1.介介绍绍要要简简明明扼扼要要、主主题题鲜鲜明明。需需要要用用较较短短的的、概概括括性性的的文文字字给给读读者者留留下下深刻的印象。深刻的印象。2.要要写写清清地地点点中中各各种种活活动动项项目目的的功功能能或或特特点点、地地理理位位置置、交交通通方方式式以以及及收收费情况等。费情况等。3.介绍景点以说明为主，在说明中可以穿插描写和叙述。介绍景点以说明为主，在说明中可以穿插描写和叙述。n基础点拨【文体指导文体指导】写作专题如何介绍景点1.介绍功能或特点介绍功能或特点(1)The
31、theme of the park is.(2)You will enjoy doing/seeing.(3)It is known/famous for.(4)It is home to.2.介绍地理位置介绍地理位置(1)It is located/situated in the centre of.(2)It lies in/to the south/east of.(3)On the top of.stands.【常用句式常用句式】3.介绍面积介绍面积(1)It has/covers an area of.square kilometres.(2).with an area of.squ
32、are kilometres4.介绍历史介绍历史(1)It has a history of.years.(2).with a history of.years(3).has witnessed too much.in history.5.介绍交通方式介绍交通方式(1)You can reach the building/museum by.(2)You can get there a little more quickly by.6.介绍收费情况介绍收费情况(1)The admission fee is.(2)You need to pay.for the entrance ticket a
33、nd an additional charge of.yuan for.(3)They charge to additional fees except the entrance ticket.假假如如你你是是记记者者，请请根根据据下下面面所所提提供供的的信信息息，用用英英语语为为某某英英语语报报社社写写一一篇篇短文，介绍澳门，发表在该报的短文，介绍澳门，发表在该报的Local Feature(地方特辑地方特辑)专栏。专栏。n佳作构建【写作任务写作任务】城市名称城市名称澳门澳门(Macao)地理位置地理位置位位于于广广东东省省南南部部，面面积积不不大大，四四周周与与广广州州、深深圳圳、珠珠海海
34、、香香港毗邻。港毗邻。人口情况人口情况人口超过人口超过60万万历史概括历史概括自自古古属属于于中中国国领领土土。1887年年被被葡葡萄萄牙牙人人从从清清政政府府手手中中夺夺走走。1999年年12月月20日回归祖国。日回归祖国。注意：词数注意：词数100左右。左右。参考词汇：葡萄牙人参考词汇：葡萄牙人Portuguese；赌博；赌博gambling城市特色城市特色清洁美丽，树木花草满城；清洁美丽，树木花草满城；街道狭窄，全天车水马龙，但人人遵守交通规则；街道狭窄，全天车水马龙，但人人遵守交通规则；世界三大赌城之一，每年接待游客数百万。世界三大赌城之一，每年接待游客数百万。第一步明确要求第一步明确
35、要求1.本本文文是是景景点点介介绍绍类类文文章章，向向人人们们展展示示该该地地区区的的风风貌貌，包包括括地地域域特特点点、位位置、人口、面积等。置、人口、面积等。2.要要遵遵循循一一定定的的写写作作顺顺序序，使使文文章章条条理理清清楚楚，中中心心突突出出。介介绍绍地地点点通通常常采采用用 顺顺序序，即即按按照照事事物物的的空空间间存存在在形形式式，从从外外到到内内、从从上上到到下下、从从前前到后依次介绍或说明，反之亦然。到后依次介绍或说明，反之亦然。【审题谋篇审题谋篇】答案空间空间3.本文应用本文应用 时；语态常用时；语态常用 语态。语态。第二步确定段落第二步确定段落Para.1 _Para.
36、2 _Para.3 _第三步词汇热身第三步词汇热身1.位于位于_2.有有人口人口_3.因为因为出名出名_4.属于属于_答案lie tohave a population ofbe famous/known forbelong to一般现在一般现在被动被动进行总体介绍；进行总体介绍；具体介绍其特点；具体介绍其特点；介绍其历史。介绍其历史。第四步句式升级第四步句式升级1.澳门是一个著名的小城市，每年吸引着来自世界各地的游客。澳门是一个著名的小城市，每年吸引着来自世界各地的游客。(一一般般表表达达)Macao is a famous small city and it attracts many v
37、isitors from all over the world every year.(句句式式升升级级)Macao is a famous small city，_ from all over the world every year.(定语从句定语从句)答案which attracts many visitors2.在狭窄的街道上有很多车在跑。在狭窄的街道上有很多车在跑。(一般表达一般表达)There are lots of cars in Macao and they are running in the narrow streets.(句式升级句式升级)There are lots o
38、f cars .(分词作状语分词作状语)3.澳门自古属于中国，曾在澳门自古属于中国，曾在1887年被葡萄牙从清朝政府手里夺走过。年被葡萄牙从清朝政府手里夺走过。(一一般般表表达达)Macao belongs to China since ancient times，but the Portuguese took it away from the government of the Qing Dynasty in 1887.(句式升级句式升级)Macao belongs to China since ancient times，but _ .(被动语态被动语态)答案 it was taken a
39、way by the Portuguese in 1887 from the government of the Qing Dynastyrunning in the narrow streets Macao is a famous small city，which attracts many visitors from all over the world. Macao，which lies to the south of Guangdong，is a small city with Guangzhou，Shenzhen，Zhuhai and Hong Kong as its neighbo
40、rs.It has a population of more than 600,000.It is a clean and beautiful city with trees， flowers， and green grass everywhere.There are lots of cars running in the narrow streets.But all people obey the traffic rules.Macao is also famous for its gambling，and several million visitors come to tour every year. Macao belongs to China since ancient times，but it was taken away by the Portuguese in 1887 from the government of the Qing Dynasty.On December 20th,1999，Macao returned to our motherland.【连句成篇连句成篇】返回
