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1、一个一个美丽的美丽的女孩女孩 a beautiful girl（形容词作前置定语）（形容词作前置定语）一个一个穿白色衣服的穿白色衣服的女孩女孩a girl in white（介词短语作后置定语）（介词短语作后置定语）一个一个正唱歌的正唱歌的女孩女孩 A girl is singing who（定语从句，（定语从句，a girl为先行词为先行词）一个美丽的女孩 （形容词作前置定语）一个穿白色衣服的女孩aLi Ming is a boy.Li Ming is a good boy .Li Ming is a good boy .形容词作定语介词短语作定语在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做在复
2、合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。goodwith glasseswho is wearing glasses句子作定语Li Ming is a boy. 先行词引导词(关系词） 从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.（被定语从（被定语从句修饰的词）句修饰的词）（跟在先行词（跟在先行词后，引导从句后，引导从句的词）的词）修饰先行词的修饰先行词的句子句子定语从句分析定语从句分析 结构：先行词结构：先行词+引导词引导词+从句从句 先行词引导词(关系词） 从句Mary is a This is the card that Ive just received
3、先行词引导词（关系词） 从句关系代词 关系副词who,that ,which ,whom, whose Where, when,whyThis is the card that Ive jusq普通代词与关系代词的区别普通代词与关系代词的区别I have a sister.She works in Shanghai. 代替 sisterq普通代词普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例：只起代替的作用（如上例she)I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai.q关系代词关系代词： （如上例（如上例who/that） 1.代替代替先行词先行词; 2.它还在定语从
4、句中它还在定语从句中担任担任一定的一定的成分成分; 3. 同时同时连接连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。先行词与它引导的定语从句。 （把主句和从句连起来）（把主句和从句连起来） 1.代替先行词; 关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词 先行词先行词 句中作用句中作用省否省否who人人主语主语/宾语宾语 关系代关系代词在句中词在句中作宾语可作宾语可以省略以省略whom人人宾语宾语which物物主语宾语主语宾语 that人物人物主语宾语主语宾语whose人物人物定语定语When时间时间状语状语where地点地点状语状语whyreason 状语状语关系代词 先行词句中作用省否who人主语/宾语 whom人 定
5、语从句定语从句：由一个句子充当定语由一个句子充当定语从句的位置：从句的位置：在名词或代词后在名词或代词后先先 行行 词词： 被定语从句修饰的词被定语从句修饰的词引引 导导 词词：引导定语从句的词引导定语从句的词 关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词 引导词的作用引导词的作用: 1.代替代替先行词先行词 2.在从句中在从句中担任担任一定的一定的成分成分 3. 连接连接先行词和定语从句先行词和定语从句 定语从句：由一个句子充当定语从句的位置：在名词或代词后1.关系代词关系代词that, which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示物的是表示物的名词或代词名词或代词，关系，关系
6、代词应用代词应用that、which. (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)1.关系代词that, which引导的定语从句:Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/whi
7、ch is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?Match the two sentencesIm reawhich / that 作宾语作宾语 ： （可省略）可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card which / that Ive just receive
8、d.Practise:1.This is the mistake which /that I always make.2. I still keep the letters which she wrote to me.3. I lost the pen which my father bought me.( ) （作宾语）（作宾语）which / that 作宾语 ： （可省略）This This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog h
9、as been found.The dog was lost.The dog which was lost has been found.Practise: 1.This is the house which is for sale.2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.which / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)（作主语）（作主语）This is a dream.This is a dreawho / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is
10、very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语作主语)1.The boy who broke the window is called Roy.2. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday?3. The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin./ thatwho / that 作主语. (不能省)This is2.关系代词关系代词who, that, whom引导的
11、定语引导的定语从句从句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示人的名词或代词，是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用关系代词应用who, that (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)whom (作作宾语宾语)2.关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语从句:小结：小结：that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略语，可以省略. who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略可以省略,（常用（常用whom）注注:当关系代
12、词在定语从句中作主语时当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。小结： who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,who / whom / that 作宾语：作宾语：( 可省略可省略)The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）作宾语）1.The boy who(m) I m looking for is my
13、 friend.2. The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night. The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.who / whom / that 作宾语：( 可省略)T2.先行词被先行词被all , every , no , some , any , little , much等词修饰时。等词修饰时。I want to read all the books that were written by
14、Luxun.You can take any seat that is free. 2.先行词被all , every , no , some 关系代词只能用关系代词只能用 that 的情况：的情况：1.当先行词是当先行词是all , little , much , none , something , anything, everything , nothing等不定代词时。等不定代词时。 Is there anything that I can do for you? We should do everything that is useful to the people. Tom tol
15、d his mother all that had happened.关系代词只能用 that 的情况：当先行词是all , li4. 当先行词被序数词或者最高级修饰时。当先行词被序数词或者最高级修饰时。This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the most interesting story that I have ever heard. The first meeting that we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.4. 当先行词被序数词或者最高级修饰时。3
16、. 当先行词有当先行词有the very, the only, the same , the last等修饰时。等修饰时。Thats the only thing that I can do now.These are the very words that he used.He is the last person that can help you.3. 当先行词有the very, the only, th1. 在there be 结构中主语指人的时候不能用thateg. There is a stranger who wants to see you.2. 先行词是表示人的一些词：on
17、e, ones, that, those, people, anyone, anybody, everybody, everyoneeg. Those who dont study hard will fail the exam.多用多用who的情况：的情况：1. 在there be 结构中主语指人的时候不能用that5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate. I can remember well the persons and
18、 some pictures that I see. 6. 当主句以当主句以 who 或或 which开头时，定语从句的开头时，定语从句的关系词用关系词用 that, 而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1.The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2.The e-mail _ I recei
19、ved yesterday was from my sister.3.I hate people _ talk much but do little.4.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / thatExercise 1 :用关系代词填空The boy _3.whose 作定语作定语,表示所属关系。表示所属关系。 The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.The boy wh
20、ose father is a policeman is my classmate. The boy is my classmate.ThExercise 2. 1.My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2.Say all _ you know.3.Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用tha
21、t.Exercise 2. My father and his5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that5. The man _ hair is whit关系副词：
22、关系副词：when/ where/why关系副词：4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时
23、，关系代词只能用that.thatthat4.This is the first play _where 作地点状语作地点状语I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介词介词 + whichwhere 作地点状语I want to know the when 作时间状语作时间状语:She will never f
24、orget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介词介词 + which when 作时间状语:She will never forExercise1.October 1,1949 is the d
25、ay _ the PRC was founded.A.which B. when C. that D. on that2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan. which B. what C. why D. for that Exercise1.October 1,1949 is thwhy 作原因状语作原因状语, 其先行词常常是其先行词常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for which
26、why 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason.T1. Is this the place _ you were born?A. which B.where C.what D.that2. Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year?A. which B.where C.what D. why1. Is this the place _ yo3.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded.A. which B. when C. that D. on that4.
27、 Is this the place _ you were born?A. which B.where C.what D.that3.October 1,1949 is the day _5.He told her the reason_ why he is unhappy, but she doesnt believe the reason _ he gives her.A. why; whyB. why; whichC. that; whyD. which; why5.He told her the reason_ w3.The house _ the famous writer wrot
28、e his works is a museum now.A. which B.where C.what D.that4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now.A. that B.where C.what D. why3.The house _ the famous4. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the oneB. which C. who D. whom5. Is this factory _ a l
29、ot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. that C. which D. /6. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. whichB. that C. /D. itBbB定语从句练习定语从句练习4. Is this the factory _ a1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. A. thatB. who C. whom D. this2. The man _ lives next to u
30、s is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. whoD. /3. The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary. A. thatB. whose C. whichD. asAAA定语从句练习定语从句练习1. This is the bag _ my mo10. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year. A. whoB. whom C. which D. /11. This is the only article of these t
31、hat _ written by him. A. wasB. were C. isD. are12. The man _ was here just now is a doctor. A. whomB. who C. /D. heDCB定语从句练习定语从句练习10. This is the best book _7. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. whichB. in which C. thatD. all8. _ cleans the blackboard shou
32、ld be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who9. Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday. A. whichB. whom C. whose D. thisCCA定语从句练习定语从句练习7. The girl handed everything 16. He is the most careful boy _ I know. A. whatB. which C. as D. ./ 17. This is the school _ Mr. Smith once
33、 taught. A. in thatB. when C. whereD. there18. Have you visited the house _ the famous scientist was born? A. whereB. in that C. that D. whichDCA定语从句练习定语从句练习16. He is the most careful boy13. The boy _ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door B. which lives next door C. whom lives next door D. that
34、 lives next door14. Those _ made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands. A. whichB. whom C. thatD. who15. The farm _ we stayed last week is a lovely place for a holiday. A. when B. where C. that D. at thatDDB定语从句练习定语从句练习13. The boy _ has two love21. October 1,1949 is the day _ well
35、never forget. A. when B. that C. whereD. in which22. October 1,1949 was the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded. A. whichB. when C. whereD. in which23. Is this the shop _ sells childrens clothing? A. whichB. where C. in whichD. whatBBA定语从句练习定语从句练习21. October 1,1949 is the day 19. The fac
36、tory _ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week. A. whenB. where C. thatD. which20. Do you still remember the day _ we first met? A. thatB. when C. what D. on thatBB定语从句练习定语从句练习19. The factory _ Mr. Li u26. Have you seen the girl _? A. that I told B. I told you of C. whom I told D. I told of27. The
37、days are gone _ we use “foreign matches”. A. during when B. during that C. on which D. during which 28. Finally the thief handed in everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. whichB. that C. what D. whateverDBB定语从句练习定语从句练习26. Have you seen the girl _24. Is this museum _ they visited last month? A.
38、 thatB. which C. whereD. the one25. I still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. whatB. which C. thatD. whereDD定语从句练习定语从句练习24. Is this museum _ they 32. The only question _ is to find our way home. A. that mattered B. that matters C. which mattered D. matter 33.
39、 In the dark street, there was nt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. thatB. who C. from whomD. to whom34. The farmers used wood to build a house _ grain can be stored. A. with which B. where C. in that D. which BDB定语从句练习定语从句练习32. The only question _ is29. The lecture spoke of some writers
40、 and novels _ were known to us all. A. whichB. that C. who D. what30. I can still remember the sitting room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. what B. which C. that D. where 31. It was raining hard, _ kept us indoors. A. whichB. that C. asD. whatBDA定语从句练习定语从句练习29. The lecture spoke of some 定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句的先行词和关系词常用逗号隔开，且不能用that引导。e.g. 1、She had eight children, three of whom lived to grow up.2、Smoking, which is a bad habit,is very popular.定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。中考英语语法专项复习：定语从句-课件(共49张ppt)
