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1、 形容词和副词的形容词和副词的 比较级比较级形容词：修饰名词或代词，表示性质，特征形容词：修饰名词或代词，表示性质，特征或属性一种词类。或属性一种词类。它在句中作它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语定语、表语和宾语补足语。副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词。副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词。副词在句中多作副词在句中多作状语状语。一、形容词和副词的概念一、形容词和副词的概念形容词作定语一般形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前放在被修饰的名词之前。 如如: a new book, two big trees 二、形容词和副词的用法二、形容词和副词的用法形容词放在系动词形容词放在系动词be, lo
2、ok, sound, taste之之后作表语。后作表语。如如:1.I am short. 2.She looks fine. 3. It tasted good.如果形容词修饰不定代词如果形容词修饰不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing等时，要等时，要放在不定代词后面放在不定代词后面。如如:something interesting nothing new副词放在副词放在所修饰的动词之后所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副词之前形容词和副词之前。1.She works hard .（修饰动词）2.I am very busy.（修饰形容词）3.He r
3、uns too quickly .（修饰副词）4.We play happily. （修饰动词）通常在形容词后加通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词变成副词slow _ real _usual _ careful_easy _ happy _heavy _ angry _slowlyusuallyeasilyheavilyreallycarefullyhappilyangrilyfastfasterfastestLook at the pictures and understand 看图并理解Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解bigbiggerbigg
4、est70kg80kgheavyheavierheaviest90kg一、形容词和副词的级一、形容词和副词的级形容词和副词有三个等级形容词和副词有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级：原级，比较级和最高级1.原级：形容词和副词的原形。原级：形容词和副词的原形。2. 比较级：比较级：两个人或物之间的比较用比较级两个人或物之间的比较用比较级。 表示表示“较较”或或“更更一些一些”。 标志词：标志词：than (比）比） 例：例：I am older than Jim. 3.最高级：最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间的比较。三个或三个以上的人或物之间的比较。 表示表示“最最” 。 标志词：标志词：in+范
5、围范围, of all, of +the+范围范围 例：例：I am the tallest in my class. tall taller tallest fast faster fastestnice nicer nicestthin thinner thinnest2. 以不发音的字母以不发音的字母 e 结尾的结尾的 + r，最高级，最高级+st1. 单音节词，比较级单音节词，比较级在词尾在词尾+ er，最高级，最高级+est原形原形 比较级比较级3. 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写辅音字母再写辅音字母再 + er, 最高级最高级+est
6、最高级最高级 early earlier earliestoutgoing more outgoing most outgoing4.以辅音字母以辅音字母 + y 结尾的单结尾的单 词，变词，变 y 为为 i + er，最高级变最高级变 y 为为 i +est 5. 多音节词和部分双音节词多音节词和部分双音节词, 在词前加在词前加more，最高级在词前加，最高级在词前加most原形原形比较级比较级最高级最高级二、比较级和最高级变化规则1、单音节词，在词尾、单音节词，在词尾+er或或est2、以不发音的、以不发音的e结尾的，结尾的，+r或或st3、重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母的，、重读闭音节
7、，末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写再加双写再加er或或est4、辅音字母、辅音字母+y结尾的，变结尾的，变y为为i，+er或或est5、多音节词和部分双音节词、多音节词和部分双音节词,在词前加在词前加more或或most betterbestfartherfarthestworseworstmoremost不规则变化不规则变化原级原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级good/well better bestbad/badly worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar father/further farthest/furthestold ol
8、der/elder oldest/eldest important _ _ easy_ _ wet_ _ happy_ _ thin _ _ good_ _ hot _ _ easily _ _ many_ _ nice _ _ big _ _heavy_ _delicious_ _much_ _试一试试一试 more importantmost importanteasiereasiestwetterwettesthappierhappiestthinnerthinnestbetterbesthotterhottestmore easilymost easilymoremostnicerni
9、cestbiggerbiggestheavierheaviestmore deliciousmost deliciousmoremost三、比较级的常用句型三、比较级的常用句型1、“A比比B更更” A+ be+形容词比较级形容词比较级+than +B A+行为动词行为动词+副词比较级副词比较级+than +B Mary is taller than Joe. I run faster than my brother. 注意注意：than 后面的代词可以用主格，也可后面的代词可以用主格，也可以用宾格，但是有助动词或情态动词时，以用宾格，但是有助动词或情态动词时，只能用主格。只能用主格。 She
10、is more outgoing than me / I. Gina jumps higher than I do.2、“A和和B哪一个更哪一个更？”Which/Who +is/行为动词行为动词+比较级比较级, A or B? Which is more popular, the TV or the movie? Who studies harder, Jim or Jack? 3、“越来越越来越” 比较级比较级+and+比较级（单音节词）比较级（单音节词） more and more +原级（多音节词）原级（多音节词）The weather is getting colder and col
11、der.He runs faster and faster.Our hometown is more and more beautiful.Shopping online is more and more popular.4、“越越，就越，就越” the+比较级，比较级，the+比较级比较级The busier he is, the happily he feels.The more you eat, the fatter you will beThe harder you study, the more you will get.The more, the better.5、“两者中比较两者
12、中比较的一个的一个” the + 比较级比较级 + of the two She is the quieter of the two girls.The bike is the older of the two.His is the taller of the two.This one is the more beautiful of the two picture.6、数量或倍数的比较、数量或倍数的比较具体数量具体数量+比较级比较级+ than+ 比较对象比较对象The road is two meters longer than that one . I am four years old
13、er than my sister .Our room is twice larger than theirs. 7、“比其他任何一个比其他任何一个都更都更”比较级比较级+than any other+单数名词单数名词He is smarter than any other student in the class.Today is hotter than any other day of a year.Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.8、同级比较，、同级比较，“A和和B一样一样” as as A+谓语动词谓语动词+as+原级原级
14、+as +B “A不如不如B” not as/ so asShe is as beautiful as her mother.The book is as new as that one.The question is not as / so difficult as that one.My bike is not as / so big as yours.注意：注意：The question is not so difficult as that one.=The question is easier than that one.My bike is not so big as yours.
15、=My bike is smaller than yours.四、比较级的修饰比较级前面可以用比较级前面可以用even(更加更加)，much(得多得多)，far(得多得多)，a little(一点一点)，a bit(一点一点)， a lot(大量大量)，still(还要还要)等词语修饰，表示程度。等词语修饰，表示程度。This pen is much better than that one.Tom is a little shorter than his friend Jim.原级的修饰原级前面可以用原级前面可以用very, too, so, quite等修饰等修饰very tall, to
16、o hot, so cold, quite interesting 1.Which do you like _(well),apples or oranges?2.Who is _(old),Jim or Tom ?3.Jack is running _ and _(fast) .4.Our country is becoming _and _ (beautiful). 5.He is _(tall) of the the two boys.6. Lucy is much _ (smart) than Lily. betterolderfasterfastermore more beautif
17、ulthe tallersmarter7.Miss Du is a little _ (outgoing) than her sister.8.My English teacher is quite _(good) at telling stories.9.Jim runs very _ (fast), I cant follow him10. English is as _(important) as Chinese.11. The _(many) trees we plant, the _(good) air well have.12. Please speak _(loud), I cant hear you clearly.more outgoinggoodfastimportantmorebetterlouder
