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1、 情态动词的用法情态动词的用法can 可以，能够，有时候会可以，能够，有时候会cant /couldnt不可能（表推测）不可能（表推测） 不能（表能力）不能（表能力）might/may可能可能may well很可能，极有可能很可能，极有可能might not可能不可能不should应该应该should not不应该不应该need有必要有必要neednt 没有必要没有必要must必须必须mustnt 禁止，不允许禁止，不允许wont不会不会would会（过去将来），或者表决心会（过去将来），或者表决心must have done表示对过去动作的肯定表示对过去动作的肯定推测，常译作推测，常译作“一
2、定做了一定做了”;其否定推测其否定推测常用常用cant have donecould/might have done表示对过去发生表示对过去发生的动作的可能性推测，常译作的动作的可能性推测，常译作“可能做了可能做了”should/ought to have done表示过去本应该做某事而实际上没有做表示过去本应该做某事而实际上没有做should not/ought not to have done表表示过去本不应该做某事而实际上做了示过去本不应该做某事而实际上做了need have done表示过去本来有必要去做某事，但实际上没表示过去本来有必要去做某事，但实际上没有做有做need not h
3、ave done表示过去本来没有必要做某事，但实际上却表示过去本来没有必要做某事，但实际上却做了做了 虚拟语气的虚拟语气的6种情形种情形一、错综时间条件句一、错综时间条件句 句中主、从句的动作发生时间不一致。做句中主、从句的动作发生时间不一致。做这类题时，要看清主、从句的时间状语，把这类题时，要看清主、从句的时间状语，把握主、从句的大意和语境。握主、从句的大意和语境。 Look at the trouble! If only I had followed your advice, I would do it better. If it hadnt been for the doctors ca
4、re , I wouldnt be speaking to you now.二、含蓄条件句二、含蓄条件句 句中没有明显的条件句，但常有用句中没有明显的条件句，但常有用without, but for, otherwise, but等词等词引出的暗含的条件。引出的暗含的条件。 Without electricity, human life would be quite different today. But for the help of my English teacher, I would not have won the first prize in the English Writin
5、g Competition. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he would have scored a goal. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I should have written it out for her.三、省略三、省略if的虚拟条件句的虚拟条件句 虚拟条件句从句中若含有虚拟条件句从句中若含有were, had或或should,可以省略可以省略if,而把这几个词置于句首。而把这几个词置于句首。 Were I in your shoe
6、s, I would let him know what I thought of him. Should you be fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. What would have happened had Bob walked farther, as far as the river bank?四、宾语从句中的虚拟语气四、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1. wish后的宾语从句，其谓语结构通常后的宾语从句，其谓语结构通常有三种形式：有三种形式：“could/would/migh
7、t+动词原动词原形形”表示对将来的设想；过去式表示与现在表示对将来的设想；过去式表示与现在事实相反；事实相反；“had+过去分词过去分词”表示与过去事表示与过去事实相反。实相反。 I wish he would arrive at a conclusion. How I wish every family had a large house with a beautiful garden! I wish I had seen you yesterday.2. would rather 后的宾语从句，后的宾语从句， 其谓语其谓语多用过去时表示现在或将来的情况，用过去多用过去时表示现在或将来的情况
8、，用过去完成时表示过去的情况。完成时表示过去的情况。 I would rather you came to our school on Wednesday. Id rather you hadnt told me about it .3. suggest, order, demand, command, request, require, desire, insist等表示建议、命令、要求之意的动词等表示建议、命令、要求之意的动词后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气， 即：即：should+动词原形，其中动词原形，其中should 可以省略可以省略 I insisted he
9、 go to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing was wrong with him.五、其它虚拟语气五、其它虚拟语气 Its (high) time后的从句，其谓语通常后的从句，其谓语通常用过去时表示虚拟语气用过去时表示虚拟语气 Its (high) time we went to the reading room. Its (high) time you got a job and settled down.六、看似虚拟语气，实则陈述语气六、看似虚拟语气，实则陈述语气 有些条件句看起来是虚拟语气，但由于是有些条件句看起来是虚拟语气，但由于是在陈述事
10、实，所以不能用虚拟语气在陈述事实，所以不能用虚拟语气 If it were not for the fact that she cant sing, I would invite her to the party. 高考真题高考真题1.Just be patient. You _ expect the world to change so soon. A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. will not2.I _ have watched that movie-itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C
11、. couldnt D. mustnt3.Teachers recommend parents_Their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustnt allow D. couldnt allow4.-_ I take the book out ? -Im afraid not . A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need5.-May I take this book out of the reading room? -No,
12、you _ . You read it in here. A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt6.Mark_ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt7.-John went to the hospital alone. -If he _ me about it , I would have gone with him. A. should tell B. tells
13、C. told D. had told8.You _ park here! Its an emergency exit. A. wouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt9. Jack described his father, who _ a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man. A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been10. You_ buy a gift, but you can if you want to . A
14、. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to 巩固练习巩固练习1.-I think I saw John in the library yesterday . -You _ have seen him ; he is still in Japan. A. cant B. wouldnt C. shouldnt D. neednt 2. Our house is on the top of the hill, and in winter the winds _ be pretty cold. A. need B. can C. shouldnt D. m
15、ustnt 3. To lose weight, you _ stay away from rich food. A. may B. can C. would D. should4. You can try the drugstore, but it _ well be closed now. A. will B. can C. must D. may5. They _ be in such a hurry for there is enough time for them. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont 6. Time is so precious
16、that you _ make full use of it . A. can B. may C. must D. will7. You _ pay; the exhibition is free. A. dont have to B. oughtnt to C. mustnt D. cant 8. Im afraid I have lost my way . Where _ I take a bus if I want to go back to the downtown? A. can B. must C. need D. might9. I beg your pardon, I _ ot
17、hers secrets. I was a bit out of control. A. shouldnt mention B. shouldnt have mentioned C. mustnt mention D. mustnt have mentioned10. - I phoned you at 9 yesterday evening but got no answer. - I am sorry. I didnt hear the bell . I _ in the kitchen. A. must have been B. must be C. should have been D
18、. should be 11. - Was he present at the wedding ceremony? - He _ have attended it, for he was busy repairing his computer during that time. A. couldnt B. wouldnt C. shouldnt D. neednt 12. Good luck to you , and _ all your wishes come true. A. can B. may C. must D. should13. -Will you stay for lunch?
19、 -Sorry , I _ . My brother is coming to see me. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. shouldnt14. -May I park in this amusement park ? -If you _ , choose a place where there are few children. A. should B. could C. may D. must15.You _ the terms “hurricane”, “typhoon”, and “cyclone”. They are actually the sa
20、me type of storm-tropical storms. A. might have heard B. need have heard C. must hear D. should hear16. Its hard to say what kind of person he is . Sometimes, he is very friendly; at other times he _ be very cold. A. can B. must C. will D. shall17. _ you worry her with questions, just when she is bu
21、sy cooking dinner? A. Must B. Will C. May D. Can18._ you be interested , Ill tell you the whole story. A. Should B. Would C. Will D. Shall19. He was seriously ill, but he _ let the doctor take his blood pressure. A. couldnt B. wouldnt C. had better not D. used not to 20. -_ I help myself to some mor
22、e food ? - Yes, of course. A. Must B. Need C. Will D. May21. “Ive decided to go to the quake-hit areas to help the victims and I _ change my mind.” said the girl firmly. A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. wont D. may not 22. -Are you coming by bus ? -I _ not. Buses are always crowded during holidays , you kno
23、w. A. must B. can C. need D. may23. Id rather you _ a job in a multinational company. A. seek B. sought C. will seek D. would seek24. -Its raining hard and we cant go picnicking today. -If only the weather _ fine! A. is B. were C. had been D. would be25. A computer _ think for itself; it must be tol
24、d what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not26. - That woman has been taking care of the two white tigers for 8 years. - Oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties! A. could go through B. might go through C. should have gone through D. must have gone through27. If it _ for the snow , we _ the
25、 mountain yesterday. A. were not ; could have climbed B. were not ; could climb C. had not been; could have climbed D. had not been; could climb28. Jenny _ have kept her word . I wonder why she changed her mind. A. must B. should C. need D. would29. As many as 150 miners died in the accident . If on
26、ly the coal-owners _ enough attention to the safety measures. A. paid B. should pay C. would pay D. had paid30.I didnt see your sister at the meeting . If she _ , I would have met her . A. has come B. comes C. was coming D. had come31. I lost your address, otherwise I _ to you. A. had written B. hav
27、e written C. would have written D. should write32.They are always making troubles. I think its high time they _ a lesson. A. were taught B. are taught C. will be taught D. have been taught33. If you have to plough the field anyway, you _ as well plant crops at the same time. A. might B. must C. will
28、 D. should34. I wish I _ back home; I do not like this place. A. have been B. had been C. am D. were35. He insisted I _ a taxi and offered to pay for it. A. had taken B. took C. would take D. take36. - You didnt wait for Mr. Black last night, did you ? -Yes, but we _ have waited for him. He didnt re
29、turn home at all. A. couldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. wouldnt37. When they worked in the same office , they _ often have coffee together. A. would B. should C. can D. ought to38. Its said that a new movie will be shown in our cinema. Lets go to see it , _ ? A. can I B. can we C. shall we D. will you 3
30、9.Your advice that she_ till nest week is reasonable. A. waits B. wait C. will wait D. waited40. But for your coming last weekend, I _ very lonely. A. should be B. mustnt be C. should have been D. neednt have been41. You _ be careful when you cross here -the traffic lights arent working. A. can B. o
31、ught to C. might D. may42. You_ fail to pass the entrance examination if you dont study harder. A. shall B. could C. must D. should43. The party turned out to be a failure. I would rather _ it. A. not have attended B. not attend C. not to attend D. not to have attended44. -Would you have told him th
32、e answer had it been possible? -I would have, but I _ so busy then. A. had been B. were C. was D. would be45.It is urgent so you _ waste any time. A. neednt B. mustnt C. may not D. wont46. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There _ be twelve. A. should B. would C. will D. shall47. Some pe
33、ople who dont like to talk much are not necessary shy; they _ just be quiet people. A. must B. may C. should D. would48. One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. A. need B. must C. should D. can49.This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A. would B. should C. could D. might50. -Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is ? -She _ in the classroom. I saw her there just now. A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been
