新视角研究生英语读说写六单元答案课件

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1、 Exercises Reading Comprehension Reading Comprehension Structure of the Text Structure of the TextUnit 6: ExercisesExercises Vocabulary Vocabulary Cloze Cloze Translation Translation Exercises Reading CompreheUnit 6: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension1.1. At At the the very very beginning be

2、ginning of of the the article, article, the the author author points points out: out: “ambition “ambition is is a a quality quality that that is is hard hard to to praise praise and and easy easy to to deplore”. deplore”. Why Why does does he he say say so? so? And And how how is is this this relate

3、d related to to the the fact fact that that presently presently many many people people are are doubtful doubtful about about ambition? ambition? What What belief belief do do these these people people hold about ambition?hold about ambition? Because Because ambition ambition is is “an “an unrelenti

4、ng unrelenting oppressor, oppressor, which which robs robs us us of of time time and and peace peace of of mind”, mind”, meaning meaning that that ambition ambition can can mercilessly mercilessly cause cause people people much much distress distress and and suffering, suffering, driving driving the

5、m them to to work work overtime overtime with with little little time time left left for for leisure leisure and and relaxation relaxation and and filling filling their their minds minds with with dissatisfaction, dissatisfaction, worry worry and and anxiety. anxiety. This This is is especially espe

6、cially true true in in economically economically booming booming periods periods such such as as the the present present when when there there are are more more opportunities opportunities alluring alluring people. people. As As a a result, result, presently presently many many people people are are

7、 doubtful doubtful about about ambition, ambition, believing believing that that ambition ambition has has become become too too hard hard to to control control and and is is forcing forcing us us to to make make too too great great efforts efforts and and hold hold too too strong strong desires des

8、ires which which will will finally finally destroy destroy ourselves.ourselves.ReferenceReferenceEx. I, pp.114115Unit 6: Reading comprehension1Unit 6: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension2.2.In In paragraphs paragraphs 2 2 and and 3, 3, the the author author cites cites some some examples exam

9、ples to to show show that that ambition ambition is is not not merely merely the the pursuit pursuit of of wealth, wealth, actually actually people people from from every every walk walk of of life life have have their their own own ambition ambition to to achieve. achieve. What What different diffe

10、rent ambitions ambitions do do different different people people have? have? According According to to the the author, author, which which of of them them is is most most commonly commonly shared shared by by people? people? And And what what role role does does money play in its fulfillment?money p

11、lay in its fulfillment?Unit 6: Reading comprehension2Unit 6: Reading comprehensionReading comprehensionThe author cites four examples:The author cites four examples:1) 1) Al Al Gores Gores ambition ambition is is to to be be elected elected American American president;president;2) 2) Americas Americ

12、as computer computer moguls moguls ambition ambition is is to to control control the nations cyberagenda;the nations cyberagenda;3) 3) American American football football players players ambition ambition is is to to score score a a touchdown;touchdown;4) 4) Most Most peoples peoples ambition ambiti

13、on is is to to search search for for status status symbols symbols that that separate separate them them from from the the crowd. crowd. The The last last one one is is most most commonly commonly shared shared by by people. people. Money Money is is not not the the only only way way but but surely

14、surely the the most most common common way way to to realize realize this this ambition, ambition, as as it it can can easily easily change change into into some some other other symbol symbol of of identity identity and and status, status, such such as as a a bigger bigger house, house, a a more mo

15、re exotic exotic vacation, vacation, a a niftier niftier bike, bike, a faster computer.a faster computer.ReferenceReferenceUnit 6: Reading comprehensionUnit 6: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension3.3.In In paragraph paragraph 3, 3, the the author author says says “One-upmanship “One-upmanship

16、is is a a national national mania.” mania.” Do Do you you know know the the meaning meaning of of the the word word “one-upmanship”? “one-upmanship”? And And can can you you find find some some other other expressions expressions in in the the article article which which have have similar similar me

17、aning? meaning? Whats Whats the the relationship relationship between between one-one-upmanship upmanship and and all all the the above-mentioned above-mentioned examples examples of of ambition? ambition? In In the the authors authors mind, mind, ambition ambition is is not not only only “a quest f

18、or riches”, then what is it?“a quest for riches”, then what is it?The The word word “one-upmanship” “one-upmanship” means means gaining gaining an an advantage advantage and and a a feeling feeling of of superiority superiority over over other other people. people. Expressions Expressions such such

19、as as “outdo”, “outdo”, “excel” “excel” have have similar similar meaning. meaning. The The desire desire for for one-upmanship one-upmanship can can summarize summarize all all the the above-mentioned above-mentioned examples examples of of ambition. ambition. In In the the authors authors mind, mi

20、nd, ambition ambition is is a a quest quest for for one-upmanship one-upmanship to to be be better better or or more more successful successful than other people.than other people.ReferencReference eUnit 6: Reading comprehension3Unit 6: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension4.4.In In the the sen

21、tence sentence “One-upmanship “One-upmanship is is a a national national mania.”, mania.”, the the word word “mania” “mania” is is also also a a deliberate deliberate choice choice on on the the part part of of the the author. author. What What image image does does it it evoke evoke in in your your

22、 mind?mind?The The word word “mania” “mania” originally originally refers refers to to a a mental mental illness illness in in which which somebody somebody has has an an obsession obsession about about something something that that makes makes them them extremely extremely anxious, anxious, violent

23、 violent or or confusedconfused（躁躁躁躁狂狂狂狂症症症症）. . Here Here it it means means an an extremely extremely strong strong desire desire or or enthusiasm enthusiasm for for something something shared shared by by a a lot lot of of people people at at the the same same time. time. It It evokes evokes a a p

24、icture picture of of a a lot lot of of people people behaving behaving in in an an anxious, anxious, violent violent and and confused confused way way in in order order to to surpass surpass each each other.other.ReferencReference eUnit 6: Reading comprehension4Unit 6: Reading comprehensionReading c

25、omprehension5.5.In In paragraph paragraph 4, 4, the the author author says says “the “the contest contest seems seems futile.” futile.” What What does does “the “the contest” contest” refer refer to? to? Why Why is is it it “futile”? “futile”? To To prove prove this this point, point, the the author

26、 author describes describes a a paradoxical paradoxical phenomenon phenomenon in in todays todays society, society, that that is, is, although although peoples peoples income income is is rising, rising, they they still still have have to to work work hard hard only only to to be be able able to to

27、make make ends ends meet. meet. According According to to the the author, what is the cause of this phenomenon?author, what is the cause of this phenomenon?Unit 6: Reading comprehension5Unit 6: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension “The “The contest” contest” refers refers to to the the consump

28、tion consumption competition competition the the competition competition for for one-upmanship one-upmanship in in the the search search for for status status symbols symbols that that separate separate one one from from the the crowd. crowd. It It is is “futile” “futile” because because there there

29、 is is no no chance chance of of winning winning it it since since material material pursuit pursuit is is endless.endless. The The cause cause of of this this paradoxical paradoxical phenomenon phenomenon is is that that “theyre “theyre running running in in the the pack pack with with everyone eve

30、ryone else”, else”, that that is, is, people people are are not not simply simply struggling struggling to to own own more more material material wealth, wealth, instead, instead, they they are are struggling struggling to to surpass surpass others others to to own own more more material material we

31、alth wealth and and thus thus achieve achieve higher higher social social status status than than others. others. They They not not only only have have to to possess possess widely widely owned owned consumer consumer products products in in order order not not to to be be considered considered a a

32、crank crank or or a a pauper, pauper, but but also also have have to to buy buy expensive expensive products products beyond beyond their their financial financial capacity capacity so so that that they they can can be be more more successful successful than than other other people people with with

33、whom whom they they compare compare themselves. themselves. As As there there are are always always more more fashionable fashionable and and more more expensive expensive luxuries luxuries coming coming out, out, their their material material desires desires seem seem infinite. infinite. Consequent

34、ly, Consequently, their their rising incomes often cannot satisfy their rising wants.rising incomes often cannot satisfy their rising wants.ReferenceReferenceUnit 6: Reading comprehensionUnit 6: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension6.6.In In paragraph paragraph 6, 6, the the author author lists

35、 lists three three negative negative impacts impacts of of playing playing the the futile futile contest contest of of competitive competitive consumption consumption on on people. people. What What are are they? they? What What statistics statistics and and examples examples does does the the autho

36、r author quote quote to to illustrate these points?illustrate these points?The 3 negative impacts are:The 3 negative impacts are:1) 1) Frustration Frustration is is preordained, preordained, which which is is proved proved by by the the result result of of a a Newsweek Newsweek Poll Poll that, that,

37、 despite despite the the booming booming economy, economy, adults adults found found it it more more difficult difficult to to live live the the kind of life they want.kind of life they want.2) 2) The The stress stress can can lead lead to to tragedy, tragedy, which which is is illustrated illustrat

38、ed by by Mark Mark Barton, Barton, a a day day trader trader who who murdered murdered 12 12 people people and and then then committed committed suicide suicide when when he he was was disillusioned by stock loss.disillusioned by stock loss.3) 3) People People routinely routinely try try to to beat

39、beat the the system system through through get-get-rich-quick rich-quick schemes, schemes, which which is is indicated indicated by by the the popularity of legalized gambling.popularity of legalized gambling.ReferencReference eUnit 6: Reading comprehension6Unit 6: Reading comprehensionReading compr

40、ehension7.7.Because Because of of those those negative negative effects effects of of ambition ambition on on people, people, ambition ambition has has gotten gotten many many enemies. enemies. One One opinion opinion against against ambition ambition tells tells people people to to “subdue “subdue

41、ambition” ambition” and and “Search “Search for for deeper deeper meaning meaning in in family, family, friends friends and and faith”, faith”, because because “Money “Money cannot cannot buy buy happiness.” happiness.” But But does does the the survey survey result result cited cited in in paragrap

42、h 7 support this idea?paragraph 7 support this idea?No. No. The The 2019 2019 survey survey shows shows a a stronger stronger relation relation between between income income and and happiness happiness than than earlier earlier polls, polls, though marriage has a bigger impact than income.though mar

43、riage has a bigger impact than income.ReferencReference eUnit 6: Reading comprehension7Unit 6: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension8.8.In In paragraph paragraph 8, 8, it it is is said said that that Cornell Cornell University University economist economist Robert Robert Frank Frank proposes pr

44、oposes a a progressive progressive consumption consumption tax. tax. What What is is the the purpose purpose of of this this proposal?proposal?The The purpose purpose of of this this proposal proposal is is to to punish punish those those extremely extremely ambitious ambitious people people and and

45、 protect protect people people against against excessive excessive spending spending on on luxuries luxuries in in pursuit pursuit of of a a feeling of superiority over others.feeling of superiority over others.ReferencReference eUnit 6: Reading comprehension8Unit 6: Reading comprehensionReading com

46、prehension9.9.Does Does the the author author agree agree with with Robert Robert Franks Franks idea? idea? What What arguments arguments and and examples examples does does he he use use in in paragraphs paragraphs 9 9 and 10 to support his own point of view?and 10 to support his own point of view?

47、No. No. In In Paragraph Paragraph 9, 9, he he argues argues that that “Ambition “Ambition is is socially socially useful. useful. It It sustains sustains economic economic vitality. vitality. It It prods prods people people to to take take risks risks and and exert exert themselves.” themselves.” As

48、 As an an example example in in point, point, he he cites cites the the invention invention of of the the Internet Internet by by ambition-driven ambition-driven hardworking hardworking people, people, which which has has not not only only brought brought tremendous tremendous economic economic bene

49、fits benefits but but also also improved improved the the general general social social attitude. attitude. In In Paragraph Paragraph 10, 10, he he argues argues that that people people “also “also venerate venerate ambition ambition as as opportunity.” opportunity.” For For instance, instance, in i

50、n America America everyone everyone has has the the opportunity opportunity to to be be rich, rich, famous famous or or powerful powerful if if they they try try hard, hard, so so in in every every walk walk of of life life people people are are ambitious ambitious and and compete compete ruthlessly

51、 to be outstanding.ruthlessly to be outstanding.ReferencReference eUnit 6: Reading comprehension9Unit 6: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension10.10. In In the the last last paragraph, paragraph, the the author author comes comes to to the the conclusion: conclusion: “Ambition “Ambition is is bi

52、tter bitter as as often often as as sweet; sweet; but but without without it, it, wed wed be be sunk.” sunk.” Explain Explain this this sentence. sentence. According According to to this this paragraph, paragraph, why why is is ambition ambition often often bitter?bitter? This This sentence sentence

53、 means: means: ambition ambition brings brings people people not not only only the the joy joy of of success success but but also also the the pain pain of of failure; failure; but but without without ambition, ambition, we we would would be be certain certain to to fail. fail. Ambition Ambition is

54、is bitter bitter when when people people fail fail to to fulfill fulfill it. it. This This happens happens often often because because people people have have to to balance balance conflicting conflicting demands demands from from their their own own feelings feelings on on the the one one hand hand

55、 and and from from the the actual actual life life on on the the other. other. People People are are especially especially likely likely to to be be disappointed disappointed when when the the American American society society makes makes alluring alluring but but unrealistic unrealistic promises pr

56、omises to to offer offer everyone everyone success, success, wealth, wealth, fame fame or or power power if if they they work work hard, hard, because because it it simply simply is is not not possible possible for for everyone everyone to to become become successful successful through determination

57、 and hard work alone.through determination and hard work alone.ReferencReference eUnit 6: Reading comprehension1Ex. II, p.1151.1.Introduction (Para Introduction (Para . .1)1)2.2.Body (Paras. Body (Paras. 2 2110 0) )3.3.Conclusion (Para. 1Conclusion (Para. 11 1) )Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 6: Struc

58、ture of the textStructure of the textEx. II, p.1151.Introduction 1.1. Introduction (Para. 1) Introduction (Para. 1) The The dual dual nature nature of of ambition: ambition: On On the the one one hand, hand, _; ; on on the the other hand,other hand,_Doubt Doubt expressed expressed by by many many pe

59、ople people about about ambition: ambition: _Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 6: Structure of the textStructure of the textit is a great engine of American it is a great engine of American creativitycreativityit is also an unrelenting oppressor, which robs us of it is also an unrelenting oppressor, whic

60、h robs us of time time andand peace of mind peace of mind Ambition has gotten out of hand and is driving us to Ambition has gotten out of hand and is driving us to excesses ofexcesses ofstriving and craving that are self-destructive. striving and craving that are self-destructive. 1. Introduction (P

61、ara. 1) The2.2.Body (Paras. Body (Paras. 2 2110 0) )1) Definition of ambition (Paras. 23)1) Definition of ambition (Paras. 23)Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 6: Structure of the textStructure of the text2) 2) Negative Negative effects effects of of the the most most common common ambition ambition (Par

62、as.4 (Paras.4 6) 6)3) 3) Ambitions Ambitions enemies enemies and and the the authors authors refutation of them refutation of them (Paras. 710) (Paras. 710)2. Body (Paras. 210)1) Defini2.2.Body (Paras. 315)Body (Paras. 315)Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 6: Structure of the textStructure of the text1)1

63、) Definition of ambition (Paras. 23) Definition of ambition (Paras. 23)2)2) Ambition Ambition is is not not only only _. _. People People from from every every walk walk of of life life have have their their own own ambition ambition to to fulfill, fulfill, which which can can be be summed summed up

64、 up as as the desire for _.the desire for _.one-one-upmanshipupmanshipa quest for a quest for richesriches2. Body (Paras. 315)Text Outl2.2.Body (Paras. 315)Body (Paras. 315)Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 6: Structure of the textStructure of the text1)1) Definition of ambition (Paras. 23) Definition of

65、 ambition (Paras. 23)2)2) Ambition Ambition is is not not only only _. _. People People from from every every walk walk of of life life have have their their own own ambition ambition to to fulfill, fulfill, which which can can be be summed summed up up as as the desire for _.the desire for _.one-on

66、e-upmanshipupmanshipa quest for a quest for richesrichesExamples: Examples: A.A._._.B.B._._.Al Gore strains to be Al Gore strains to be president.president.Americas computer moguls rival to control the Americas computer moguls rival to control the nations cyber agendanations cyber agenda2. Body (Par

67、as. 315)Text Outl2.2.Body (Paras. 315)Body (Paras. 315)Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 6: Structure of the textStructure of the text1)1) Definition of ambition (Paras. 23) Definition of ambition (Paras. 23)2)2) Ambition Ambition is is not not only only _. _. People People from from every every walk wal

68、k of of life life have have their their own own ambition ambition to to fulfill, fulfill, which which can can be be summed summed up up as as the desire for _.the desire for _.one-one-upmanshipupmanshipa quest for a quest for richesrichesExamples: Examples: C.C._D.D._._.D.D. A A more more common com

69、mon ambition ambition is is _. _. And And money money is is _._.A wide receiver prances into the end zone and A wide receiver prances into the end zone and raises his index fingerraises his index fingerthe search for status the search for status symbolssymbolsthe most common way to satisfy the most

70、common way to satisfy this urgethis urge2. Body (Paras. 315)Text Outl2.2.Body (Paras. Body (Paras. 2 2110 0) )2)2)Negative Negative effects effects of of the the most most common common ambition . ambition . (Paras. (Paras. 4 4 6 6) )Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 6: Structure of the textStructure of

71、the textA.A._. _. B.B._._.C. C. _._.D. D. _The contest seems futileThe contest seems futileFrustration is preordainedFrustration is preordainedThe stress can lead to tragedyThe stress can lead to tragedyPeople routinely try to beat the system through People routinely try to beat the system through g

72、et-rich-quick schemesget-rich-quick schemes2. Body (Paras. 210)Negative 2.2.Body (Paras. Body (Paras. 2 2110 0) )3)3) Ambitions Ambitions enemies enemies and and the the authors authors refutation of them refutation of them (Paras. 710)(Paras. 710)Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 6: Structure of the tex

73、tStructure of the text1)1)People shouldPeople should _ BecauseBecause_._.2)2) Cornell University economist Robert Frank urges Cornell University economist Robert Frank urges _ _._.subdue ambition, search for deeper subdue ambition, search for deeper meaningmeaningmoney cannot buy money cannot buy ha

74、ppinesshappinesswe we penalize penalize in family, friends and faithin family, friends and faithoverambition to shield people from competitive overambition to shield people from competitive consumptionconsumption2. Body (Paras. 210)3)AmbitiText OutlineText OutlineUnit 6: Structure of the textStructu

75、re of the text3.3. Conclusion (Para. 1 Conclusion (Para. 11 1) )_._.Ambition is bitter as often as sweet; but Ambition is bitter as often as sweet; but without it, wed be sunkwithout it, wed be sunkText OutlineUnit 6: Structure Part A, Ex. V, p.117Complete Complete the the following following senten

76、ces sentences with with words words given given below, below, making making sure sure that that each each word word is is used in the right form.used in the right form. 1. 1. The The United United Nations Nations firmly firmly _ _ the the violent violent bomb bomb attack attack launched launched by

77、by terrorists terrorists which which killed killed 23 civilians.23 civilians. Unit 6: VocabularyVocabularyaristocracyaristocracyone-one-upmanshipupmanshipsubduesubdueextravagantextravagant requisiterequisitehereditaryhereditary overwhelm overwhelm pervadepervadeworkaholicworkaholiccravecravedeplored

78、eploremania mania deploredeplored dPart A, Ex. V, p.117 1. The U 2. 2. As As more more and and more more people people prefer prefer environmentally environmentally friendly friendly cars, cars, houses, houses, food, food, household household appliances appliances and and tourism, tourism, the the u

79、se use of of “green” “green” products products _ _ in in China China like like a a “greenwave.”“greenwave.”Unit 6: VocabularyVocabulary aristocracyaristocracyone-one-upmanshipupmanshipsubduesubdueextravagantextravagant requisiterequisitehereditaryhereditary overwhelm overwhelm pervadepervadeworkahol

80、icworkaholiccravecravedeploredeploremania mania pervadespervades 2. As more and more people pr3. 3. To To spur spur employee employee productivity productivity and and improve improve efficiency efficiency is is not not an an option option but but a a _for _for companies companies committed committe

81、d to to growth growth in in the the fast-fast-changing new economy.changing new economy.Unit 6: VocabularyVocabulary aristocracyaristocracyone-one-upmanshipupmanshipsubduesubdueextravagantextravagant requisiterequisitehereditaryhereditary overwhelm overwhelm pervadepervadeworkaholicworkaholiccravecr

82、avedeploredeploremania mania requisiterequisite3. To spur employee productivi4. 4. Many Many _ _ work work long long hours hours with with little little rest, rest, but but researchers researchers have have found found a a short short afternoon afternoon nap nap at at work work can can significantly

83、 significantly improve improve workers workers alertness and productivity.alertness and productivity.Unit 6: VocabularyVocabulary aristocracyaristocracyone-one-upmanshipupmanshipsubduesubdueextravagantextravagant requisiterequisitehereditaryhereditary overwhelm overwhelm pervadepervadeworkaholicwork

84、aholiccravecravedeploredeploremania mania workaholicworkaholics s4. Many _ work long h5. 5. Due Due to to the the falling falling percentage percentage of of couples couples getting getting premarital premarital medical medical check-ups, check-ups, the the number number of of _ _ and and infectious

85、 infectious diseases diseases among among infants is rising.infants is rising.Unit 6: VocabularyVocabulary aristocracyaristocracyone-one-upmanshipupmanshipsubduesubdueextravagantextravagant requisiterequisitehereditaryhereditary overwhelm overwhelm pervadepervadeworkaholicworkaholiccravecravedeplore

86、deploremania mania hereditaryhereditary5. Due to the falling percenta6. 6. Economizing Economizing on on water water use use is is the the best best way way to to protect protect water water resources, resources, but but _use _use of of water water is is common common along along the the Yangtze Yan

87、gtze as as many many people people hold hold that that the the river river water water is is so so abundant abundant that they do not need to save water at all.that they do not need to save water at all.Unit 6: VocabularyVocabulary aristocracyaristocracyone-one-upmanshipupmanshipsubduesubdueextravag

88、antextravagant requisiterequisitehereditaryhereditary overwhelm overwhelm pervadepervadeworkaholicworkaholiccravecravedeploredeploremania mania extravaganextravagant t6. Economizing on water use is 7. 7. In In the the times times of of great great changes changes in in the the global global situatio

89、n, situation, what what people people _ _ for for is is peace peace and economic prosperity.and economic prosperity.Unit 6: VocabularyVocabulary aristocracyaristocracyone-one-upmanshipupmanshipsubduesubdueextravagantextravagant requisiterequisitehereditaryhereditary overwhelm overwhelm pervadepervad

90、eworkaholicworkaholiccravecravedeploredeploremania mania cravcrave e 7. In the times of great chan8. 8. Cartoon Cartoon _ _ is is sweeping sweeping the the country country as as bookstores bookstores are are packed packed with with Japanes Japanes and and Korean Korean comic ic books.Unit 6: Vocabul

91、aryVocabulary aristocracyaristocracyone-one-upmanshipupmanshipsubduesubdueextravagantextravagant requisiterequisitehereditaryhereditary overwhelm overwhelm pervadepervadeworkaholicworkaholiccravecravedeploredeploremania mania manimania a8. Cartoon _ is sweep9. 9. The The systematic systematic and an

92、d conscious conscious practice practice of of making making ones ones friends friends or or competitors competitors feel feel inferior inferior and and thereby thereby gaining gaining the the status status of of being being “one “one jump jump ahead” of them is called_.ahead” of them is called_.Unit

93、 6: VocabularyVocabulary aristocracyaristocracyone-one-upmanshipupmanshipsubduesubdueextravagantextravagant requisiterequisitehereditaryhereditary overwhelm overwhelm pervadepervadeworkaholicworkaholiccravecravedeploredeploremania mania one-one-upmanshipupmanship9. The systematic and consciou10. 10.

94、 China China and and the the United United States States cooperate cooperate in in safeguarding safeguarding world world peace peace and and stability, stability, promoting promoting global global economic economic growth, growth, and and dealing dealing with with terrorism, terrorism, transnational

95、 transnational crimes crimes and and diseases. diseases. Their Their common common interests interests _ _ their differences.their differences.Unit 6: VocabularyVocabularyPart B aristocracyaristocracyone-one-upmanshipupmanshipsubduesubdueextravagantextravagant requisiterequisitehereditaryhereditary

96、overwhelm overwhelm pervadepervadeworkaholicworkaholiccravecravedeploredeploremania mania overwhelmoverwhelm10. China and the United State1.1. In In response response to to the the _ _ threat threat of of attack, attack, the the country country was was compelled compelled to to institute institute n

97、ew new security security measures for airports and air travel.measures for airports and air travel. A. earnest A. earnest B. elaborate B. elaborate C. unrelenting C. unrelenting D. risky D. risky1.1. In In response response to to the the _ _ threat threat of of attack, attack, the the country countr

98、y was was compelled compelled to to institute institute new new security security measures for airports and air travel.measures for airports and air travel. A. earnest A. earnest B. elaborate B. elaborate C. unrelenting C. unrelentingPart B, Ex. V, p118Choose Choose the the word word or or phrase ph

99、rase that that best best completes each of the following pletes each of the following sentences.Unit 6: VocabularyVocabulary1. In response to the _2. 2. Three Three medical medical organizations organizations concluded concluded that that doctors doctors should should not not be be required required

100、 to to perform perform life-saving life-saving procedures procedures when when life life support support is is _ _ for for patients who are irreversibly unconscious.patients who are irreversibly unconscious. A. nifty A. nifty B. futile B. futile C. costly C. costly D. essential D. essentialUnit 6: V

101、ocabularyVocabulary2. 2. Three Three medical medical organizations organizations concluded concluded that that doctors doctors should should not not be be required required to to perform perform life-saving life-saving procedures procedures when when life life support support is is _ _ for for patie

102、nts who are irreversibly unconscious.patients who are irreversibly unconscious. A. nifty A. nifty B. futile B. futile C. costly C. costly D. essential D. essential2. Three medical organizations3.3. According According to to the the latest latest figures, figures, the the housing housing market marke

103、t will will continue continue to to _ _ but but wont wont collapse collapse amid amid the gloomy economy.the gloomy economy. A. flourishA. flourish B. expandB. expand C. crumbleC. crumble D. stagnateD. stagnate3.3. According According to to the the latest latest figures, figures, the the housing hou

104、sing market market will will continue continue to to _ _ but but wont wont collapse collapse amid amid the gloomy economy.the gloomy economy. A. flourishA. flourish B. expandB. expand C. crumbleC. crumble D. stagnateD. stagnateUnit 6: VocabularyVocabulary3. According to the latest fig4.4. Widespread

105、 Widespread pollution pollution of of the the environment environment by by companies companies may may come come to to an an end end as as a a bill bill has has been been drafted drafted which which proposes proposes to to _ _ any any offending offending firms.firms. A. subsidizeA. subsidize B. pen

106、alizeB. penalize C. outdoC. outdo D. oppressD. oppressUnit 6: VocabularyVocabulary4.4. Widespread Widespread pollution pollution of of the the environment environment by by companies companies may may come come to to an an end end as as a a bill bill has has been been drafted drafted which which pro

107、poses proposes to to _ _ any any offending offending firms.firms. A. subsidizeA. subsidize B. penalizeB. penalize C. outdoC. outdo4. Widespread pollution of the5.5. Despite Despite many many current current threats threats to to peace peace and and order, order, the the Indonesian Indonesian governm

108、ent government is is striving striving to to _ _ national unity and protect its territorial integrity.national unity and protect its territorial integrity. A. sustainA. sustain B. remainB. remain C. endureC. endure D. adjustD. adjustUnit 6: VocabularyVocabulary5.5. Despite Despite many many current

109、current threats threats to to peace peace and and order, order, the the Indonesian Indonesian government government is is striving striving to to _ _ national unity and protect its territorial integrity.national unity and protect its territorial integrity. A. sustainA. sustain B. remainB. remain C.

110、endureC. endure D. adjustD. adjust5. Despite many current threat6.6. In In ancient ancient China, China, influential influential military military and and religious religious individuals individuals were were _ _ as as ancestors ancestors and and continuously received ritual offerings for many years

111、.continuously received ritual offerings for many years. A. distainedA. distained B. abandonedB. abandoned C. estimatedC. estimated D. veneratedD. veneratedUnit 6: VocabularyVocabulary6.6. In In ancient ancient China, China, influential influential military military and and religious religious indivi

112、duals individuals were were _ _ as as ancestors ancestors and and continuously received ritual offerings for many years.continuously received ritual offerings for many years. A. distainedA. distained B. abandonedB. abandoned C. estimatedC. estimated D. veneratedD. venerated6. In ancient China, influ

113、enti7.7. With With efforts efforts made made on on both both sides, sides, the the friendly friendly cooperative cooperative relations relations between between the the two two countries countries are are full full of of vigor vigor and and _ _ and and will will be be advancing advancing continuousl

114、y.continuously.A. pressureA. pressureB. triumphB. triumphC. vitalityC. vitalityD. rivalryD. rivalryUnit 6: VocabularyVocabulary7.7. With With efforts efforts made made on on both both sides, sides, the the friendly friendly cooperative cooperative relations relations between between the the two two

115、countries countries are are full full of of vigor vigor and and _ _ and and will will be be advancing advancing continuously.continuously.A. pressureA. pressureB. triumphB. triumphC. vitalityC. vitalityD. rivalryD. rivalry7. With efforts made on both s8.8. The The Prime Prime Minister Minister promi

116、sed promised that that the the government government would would continue continue its its _ _ fight fight against against terrorism terrorism and he would not negotiate under any condition.and he would not negotiate under any condition. A. faithfulA. faithful B. ruthlessB. ruthless C. legalizedC. l

117、egalized D. progressiveD. progressiveUnit 6: VocabularyVocabulary8.8. The The Prime Prime Minister Minister promised promised that that the the government government would would continue continue its its _ _ fight fight against against terrorism terrorism and he would not negotiate under any conditi

118、on.and he would not negotiate under any condition. A. faithfulA. faithful B. ruthlessB. ruthless C. legalizedC. legalized8. The Prime Minister promised9.9. Stricter Stricter control control is is needed needed over over imports imports of of _ _ species species of of plants plants and and animals, a

119、nimals, since since many many of of them them have already damaged the native environment.have already damaged the native environment.A. exoticA. exoticB. scarceB. scarceC. endangeredC. endangeredD. enormousD. enormousUnit 6: VocabularyVocabulary9.9. Stricter Stricter control control is is needed ne

120、eded over over imports imports of of _ _ species species of of plants plants and and animals, animals, since since many many of of them them have already damaged the native environment.have already damaged the native environment.A. exoticA. exoticB. scarceB. scarceC. endangeredC. endangeredD. enormo

121、usD. enormous9. Stricter control is needed Unit 6: VocabularyVocabulary10.10. One One truly truly unique unique thing thing that that makes makes Hawaii Hawaii such such a a special special vacation vacation destination destination is is the the islands islands rich rich culture, culture, which whic

122、h still still _ _ the the modern modern Hawaii Hawaii of of today.today.A. perceivesA. perceivesB. promotesB. promotesC. permeatesC. permeatesD. perplexesD. perplexes10.10. One One truly truly unique unique thing thing that that makes makes Hawaii Hawaii such such a a special special vacation vacati

123、on destination destination is is the the islands islands rich rich culture, culture, which which still still _ _ the the modern modern Hawaii Hawaii of of today.today.A. perceivesA. perceivesB. promotesB. promotesC. permeatesC. permeatesD. perplexesD. perplexesUnit 6: Vocabulary10.One trulEx. VI, p1

124、19Choose Choose an an appropriate appropriate word word from from the the following following list list to to fill fill in in each each of of the the following following blanks. blanks. Each Each word word can can be be used used only only ONCE. ONCE. Change the word form where necessary.Change the

125、word form where necessary.Over Over the the last last 70 70 years years or or so, so, researchers researchers have have been been 1 1_ happy happy and and unhappy unhappy people, people, and and theyre theyre finally finally focusing focusing on on the the 2 2_ that that make a difference. make a di

126、fference. 1) 1) Wealth Wealth Money Money can can buy buy a a 3 3_ of of happiness, happiness, But But once once you you can can 4 4_ to to feed, feed, clothe and house yourself, clothe and house yourself, extraextraseekseekacceptacceptaffordaffordfactorfactorrateratefailfailsatisfysatisfysizesizecl

127、osecloseboostboostdegreedegreebeyondbeyondprobeprobestaticstaticaspirationaspirationcolleaguecolleaguecomplicatecomplicated daverageaverageskyrocketskyrocketUnit 6: ClozeClozeprobingprobing To be continued .factorsfactorsdegree degree afford afford Ex. VI, p119Over the last 70 each each 5 5_ dollar

128、dollar makes makes less less and and less less difference. difference. Scientists Scientists find find that, that, on on 6 6_ , , wealthier wealthier people people are are happier. happier. But But the the link link between between money money and and happiness happiness is is 7 7_ . . In In the the

129、 past past half-century, half-century, average average income income has has 8 8_ in in industrialized industrialized counties, counties, yet yet happiness happiness levels levels have have remained 9remained 9_ . . extrextra aUnit 6: ClozeClozeaveragaverage e complicatecomplicated d skyrockeskyrock

130、et t static static To be continued . extraextraseekseekacceptacceptaffordaffordfactorfactorrateratefailfailsatisfysatisfysizesizeclosecloseboostboostdegreedegreebeyondbeyondprobeprobestaticstaticaspirationaspirationcolleaguecolleaguecomplicatecomplicated daverageaverageskyrocketskyrocketeach 5_ doll

131、ar makeOnce Once your your basic basic needs needs are are met, met, money money only only seems seems to to 1010_happiness happiness if if you you have have more more than than your your friends, friends, neighbors neighbors and and 1111_ . . Dollars Dollars buy buy status, status, and and status s

132、tatus makes makes people people feel feel better. better. This This helps helps explain explain why why people people who who can can 1212_ status in other ways scientists or actors,status in other ways scientists or actors,boosboost tUnit 6: ClozeClozecolleagucolleague e seek seek To be continued .

133、 extraextraseekseekacceptacceptaffordaffordfactorfactorrateratefailfailsatisfysatisfysizesizeclosecloseboostboostdegreedegreebeyondbeyondprobeprobestaticstaticaspirationaspirationcolleaguecolleaguecomplicatecomplicated daverageaverageskyrocketskyrocketOnce your basic needs are met,for for example ex

134、ample may may happily happily 1313_ relatively relatively poorly paid jobs.poorly paid jobs. 2) 2) Desire Desire How How much much stuff stuff do do you you need need to to feel feel good? good? In In the the 1980s, 1980s, political political scientist scientist Alex Alex Michalos Michalos at at the

135、 the University University of of Northern Northern British British asked asked 18,000 18,000 college college students students in in 39 39 countries countries to to 1414_ their their happiness happiness on on a a numeric numeric scale. scale. Then Then he he asked asked them them how how 1515_ they

136、they were were to to having having all all they they wanted. wanted. He He found found that that the the people people whose whose 1616_ not not just just for for money, money, but but for for friends, friends, family, family, job, job, health, health, the the works works accepaccept tUnit 6: ClozeC

137、lozerate rate closclose easpiratioaspiration nTo be continued . extraextraseekseekacceptacceptaffordaffordfactorfactorrateratefailfailsatisfysatisfysizesizeclosecloseboostboostdegreedegreebeyondbeyondprobeprobestaticstaticaspirationaspirationcolleaguecolleaguecomplicatecomplicated daverageaveragesky

138、rocketskyrocketfor example may happily 13_furthest furthest 1717_ what what they they already already had, had, tended tended to to be be less less happy happy than than those those who who perceived perceived a a smaller smaller gap. gap. Indeed, Indeed, the the 1818_ of of the the gap gap predicte

139、d predicted happiness happiness about about five five times times better better than than income income alone. alone. This This gap gap measures measures might might explain explain why why most most people people 1919_ to to get get much much happier happier as as their their salaries salaries rise

140、. rise. Instead Instead of of 2020_ our our desires, desires, most most of of us us merely want more.merely want more.beyonbeyond dUnit 6: ClozeClozesizsize efaifail lsatisfyinsatisfying g extraextraseekseekacceptacceptaffordaffordfactorfactorrateratefailfailsatisfysatisfysizesizeclosecloseboostboos

141、tdegreedegreebeyondbeyondprobeprobestaticstaticaspirationaspirationcolleaguecolleaguecomplicatecomplicated daverageaverageskyrocketskyrocketfurthest 17_ what t1.1.1.1. 在追求幸福的过程中，人们注定要遭受许多挫折。在追求幸福的过程中，人们注定要遭受许多挫折。在追求幸福的过程中，人们注定要遭受许多挫折。在追求幸福的过程中，人们注定要遭受许多挫折。quest forquest forPeople People are are preo

142、rdained preordained to to suffer suffer many many frustrations frustrations in in their quest for happiness.their quest for happiness.preordainedpreordainedUnit 6: TranslationTranslationPart A, Ex. VIII, p.121Translate the following sentences into Translate the following sentences into English.Engli

143、sh.1. 在追求幸福的过程中，人们注定要遭受许多挫折。quest2. 2. 2. 2. 美美美美国国国国是是是是一一一一个个个个雄雄雄雄心心心心勃勃勃勃勃勃勃勃的的的的民民民民族族族族。各各各各行行行行各各各各界界界界的的的的人人人人们们们们都都都都面面面面临临临临着力求出类拔萃的激烈竞争压力。着力求出类拔萃的激烈竞争压力。着力求出类拔萃的激烈竞争压力。着力求出类拔萃的激烈竞争压力。excelexcel American American is is an an ambitious ambitious nation. nation. People People from from every

144、 every walk walk of of life life face face the the pressure pressure of of fierce fierce competition competition to to excel.excel.every walk of lifeevery walk of lifeUnit 6: TranslationTranslation2. 美国是一个雄心勃勃的民族。各行各界的人们都面临着力求出3. 3. 3. 3. 当天买卖股票投机是一种危险的谋财之道。当天买卖股票投机是一种危险的谋财之道。当天买卖股票投机是一种危险的谋财之道。当天买卖

145、股票投机是一种危险的谋财之道。day tradingday tradingDay Day trading trading is is a a dangerous dangerous way way of of trying trying to to make make a a fortune.fortune.make a fortunemake a fortuneUnit 6: TranslationTranslation3. 当天买卖股票投机是一种危险的谋财之道。day tra4. 4. 4. 4. 数百万人怀着暴发致富的幻想花钱买彩票。数百万人怀着暴发致富的幻想花钱买彩票。数百万人怀着暴发

146、致富的幻想花钱买彩票。数百万人怀着暴发致富的幻想花钱买彩票。get rich quickget rich quickMillions Millions of of people people have have a a fantasy fantasy about about getting getting rich rich quick and spend money on lotteries.quick and spend money on lotteries.Unit 6: TranslationTranslation4. 数百万人怀着暴发致富的幻想花钱买彩票。get ric5. 5. 5

147、. 5. 人们担心如果军备竞赛失控，世界局势将进一步恶化。人们担心如果军备竞赛失控，世界局势将进一步恶化。人们担心如果军备竞赛失控，世界局势将进一步恶化。人们担心如果军备竞赛失控，世界局势将进一步恶化。out ofout of handhandThere There is is a a fear fear that that if if the the arms arms race race gets gets out out of of hand, hand, the world situation will be worse off.the world situation will be

148、worse off.worse offworse offUnit 6: TranslationTranslation5. 人们担心如果军备竞赛失控，世界局势将进一步恶化。out6. 6. 6. 6. 为为为为了了了了保保保保护护护护自自自自己己己己免免免免遭遭遭遭失失失失败败败败的的的的痛痛痛痛苦苦苦苦就就就就放放放放弃弃弃弃自自自自己己己己的的的的抱抱抱抱负负负负是是是是不不不不明智的。明智的。明智的。明智的。It It is is not not sensible sensible to to give give up up ones ones own own ambition ambit

149、ion in in order order to shield oneself from the bitterness of failure.to shield oneself from the bitterness of failure.shield . from .shield . from .Unit 6: TranslationTranslationsensiblesensible6. 为了保护自己免遭失败的痛苦就放弃自己的抱负是不明智的。7. 7. 7. 7. 许许许许多多多多人人人人拼拼拼拼命命命命挣挣挣挣钱钱钱钱，因因因因为为为为金金金金钱钱钱钱可可可可以以以以买买买买到到到到大

150、大大大房房房房子子子子、小小小小汽汽汽汽车车车车、大屏幕电视以及其他被认为代表地位和身份的消费品。大屏幕电视以及其他被认为代表地位和身份的消费品。大屏幕电视以及其他被认为代表地位和身份的消费品。大屏幕电视以及其他被认为代表地位和身份的消费品。strain to do sthstrain to do sthMany Many people people strain strain to to earn earn money money because because money money can can buy buy big big houses, houses, cars, cars, b

151、ig-screen big-screen TVs TVs and and other other consumer consumer products products which which are are considered considered symbols symbols of of status and identity.status and identity.Unit 6: TranslationTranslation7. 许多人拼命挣钱，因为金钱可以买到大房子、小汽车、大屏幕exert ourselvesexert ourselves8. 8. 8. 8. 为了实现我们的抱负

152、而努力奋斗是值得的。为了实现我们的抱负而努力奋斗是值得的。为了实现我们的抱负而努力奋斗是值得的。为了实现我们的抱负而努力奋斗是值得的。paypay It pays to exert ourselves to fulfill our own ambitions. It pays to exert ourselves to fulfill our own ambitions.Unit 6: TranslationTranslationexert ourselves8. 为了实现我们的抱负而努9. 9. 9. 9. 十十十十年年年年前前前前大大大大多多多多数数数数中中中中国国国国人人人人还还还还买买

153、买买不不不不起起起起的的的的手手手手机机机机现现现现在在在在已已已已成成成成为为为为很很很很普普普普及的生活必需品。及的生活必需品。及的生活必需品。及的生活必需品。beyond the reach ofbeyond the reach of The The cell cell phone, phone, which which was was beyond beyond the the reach reach of of the the majority majority of of the the Chinese Chinese people people a a decade decade

154、 ago, ago, has has now now become a widely owned daily necessity.become a widely owned daily necessity.Unit 6: TranslationTranslationnecessitynecessity9. 十年前大多数中国人还买不起的手机现在已成为很普及的生活10.10.10.10. 自自自自从从从从得得得得到到到到了了了了晋晋晋晋升升升升以以以以后后后后，她她她她就就就就表表表表现现现现得得得得自自自自命命命命不不不不凡凡凡凡。不不不不过过过过在我看来，她只不过是个微不足道的小人物。在我看来

155、，她只不过是个微不足道的小人物。在我看来，她只不过是个微不足道的小人物。在我看来，她只不过是个微不足道的小人物。somebodysomebodyShe She acts acts as as if if she she were were someone someone since since she she was was promoted. promoted. But to me, she is a mere nobody.But to me, she is a mere nobody.nobodynobodyUnit 6: TranslationTranslation10. 自从得到了晋

156、升以后，她就表现得自命不凡。不过在我看来Ambition Ambition is is one one of of those those Rorschach Rorschach words: words: define define it it and and you you instantly instantly reveal reveal a a great great deal deal about about yourself. yourself. 1) 1) Even Even the the most most neutral neutral of of works, works

157、, Websters, Websters, in in its its Seventh Seventh New New Collegiate Collegiate Edition, Edition, gives gives itself itself away, away, defining defining ambition ambition first first and and foremost foremost as as “an “an ardent ardent desire desire for for rank, rank, fame, fame, or or power.”p

158、ower.”即即即即使使使使是是是是最最最最中中中中立立立立的的的的著著著著作作作作韦韦韦韦伯伯伯伯斯斯斯斯特特特特词词词词典典典典也也也也暴暴暴暴露露露露了了了了它它它它自自自自己己己己的的的的追追追追求求求求目目目目标标标标，它它它它在在在在其其其其新新新新大大大大学学学学版版版版第第第第七七七七版版版版中中中中将将将将雄雄雄雄心心心心首首首首先先先先定定定定义义义义为为为为“一种追求地位、荣誉或权利的热切欲望一种追求地位、荣誉或权利的热切欲望一种追求地位、荣誉或权利的热切欲望一种追求地位、荣誉或权利的热切欲望”。Part B, Ex. VIII, pp. 121122Translate

159、the following underlined Translate the following underlined sentences into Chinese.sentences into Chinese.Unit 6: TranslationTranslationAmbition is one of those Rorsc2) 2) Ardent Ardent immediately immediately assumes assumes a a heat heat incommensurate incommensurate with with good good sense sens

160、e and and stability, stability, and and rank, rank, fame, fame, and and power power have have come come under under fairly fairly heavy attack for at least a century.heavy attack for at least a century. “热热热热切切切切”这这这这个个个个词词词词立立立立刻刻刻刻呈呈呈呈现现现现出出出出与与与与理理理理智智智智的的的的判判判判断断断断和和和和沉沉沉沉稳稳稳稳的的的的心心心心态态态态所所所所不不不

161、不相相相相称称称称的的的的热热热热烈烈烈烈情情情情绪绪绪绪，而而而而地地地地位位位位、荣荣荣荣誉誉誉誉和和和和权权权权利利利利也也也也在在在在至至至至少少少少长长长长达达达达一一一一个世纪的时间里一直受到相当猛烈的抨击。个世纪的时间里一直受到相当猛烈的抨击。个世纪的时间里一直受到相当猛烈的抨击。个世纪的时间里一直受到相当猛烈的抨击。Unit 6: TranslationTranslation2) Ardent immediately assumes 3) 3) One One can, can, after after all, all, be be ambitious ambitious f

162、or for the the public public good, good, for for the the alleviation alleviation of of suffering, suffering, for for the the enlightenment of mankind, enlightenment of mankind, 然然然然而而而而毕毕毕毕竟竟竟竟一一一一个个个个人人人人可可可可以以以以立立立立志志志志于于于于促促促促进进进进公公公公共共共共的的的的利利利利益益益益，减减减减轻轻轻轻人人人人们们们们的的的的痛苦，或是启迪人类的思想。痛苦，或是启迪人类的思想。

163、痛苦，或是启迪人类的思想。痛苦，或是启迪人类的思想。Unit 6: TranslationTranslation3) One can, after all, be ambi It It is is not not difficult difficult to to imagine imagine a a world world shorn shorn of of ambition. ambition. It It would would probably probably be be a a kinder kinder world: world: without without demands

164、, demands, without without abrasions, abrasions, without without disappointments. disappointments. People People would would have have time time for for reflection. reflection. Such Such work work as as they they did did would would not not be be for for themselves themselves but but for for the the

165、 collectivity. collectivity. Competition Competition would would never never enter enter in. in. Conflict Conflict would would be be eliminated, eliminated, tension tension become become a a thing thing of of the the past. past. The The stress stress of of creation creation would would be be at at a

166、n an end. end. Art Art would would no no longer longer be be troubling, troubling, but but purely purely celebratory celebratory in in its its functions. functions. 4) 4) The The family family would would become become superfluous superfluous as as a a social social unit, unit, with with all all its

167、 its former former power power for for bringing bringing about about neurosis drained away. neurosis drained away. 家家家家庭庭庭庭将将将将成成成成为为为为多多多多余余余余的的的的社社社社会会会会单单单单位位位位，不不不不再再再再具具具具有有有有以以以以前前前前能能能能够够够够带带带带给给给给人人人人们们们们焦焦焦焦虑和恐惧的力量。虑和恐惧的力量。虑和恐惧的力量。虑和恐惧的力量。Unit 6: TranslationTranslation It is not difficult t

168、o ima5) 5) Longevity Longevity would would be be increased, increased, for for fewer fewer people people would would die die of of heart heart attack attack or or stroke stroke caused caused by by tumultuous tumultuous endeavor. endeavor. Anxiety Anxiety would would be be extinct.extinct. Time Time

169、would would stretch stretch on on and and on, on, with with ambition ambition long long departed from the human heart. departed from the human heart. Ah, how unrelievedly boring life would be! Ah, how unrelievedly boring life would be!人人人人们们们们的的的的寿寿寿寿命命命命将将将将会会会会延延延延长长长长，因因因因为为为为越越越越来来来来越越越越少少少少的的的的人人人人会会会会死死死死于于于于由由由由拼拼拼拼命命命命工工工工作而引起的心脏病和中风。作而引起的心脏病和中风。作而引起的心脏病和中风。作而引起的心脏病和中风。Unit 6: TranslationTranslation5) Longevity would be increase