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1、Unit 4Pygmalion 由于文化背景不同，操不同语言的人在交谈时，即使语言准确无误，也会产生误会。对于不同的人，同一个词或同一种表达方式可以具有不同的意义。由于文化上的差异，由于一句话说得不得体，可以使听者发笑。一句毫无恶意的话可以使对方不快或气愤。这就是我们经常说的文化差异。 参考词汇：文化背景 cultural backgrounds; 文化冲突 cultural shock 【写作要求写作要求】 必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。 With different cultural backgrounds and different languages, people often
2、misunderstand each other when talking, even if the language is accurate. For different people, the same word or the same expression can turn out to be a different meaning. Because of cultural differences, a very inappropriate word can make the listeners laugh. On the other hand, a very simple common
3、 word can make people unhappy or even angry. This is what we now call “culture shock” 1. n. 适应(性)；改编本 2. adj. 经典的；第一流的 n. 经典著作 3. vi. 犹豫；踌躇 4. adj. 不舒服的；不自在的 5. adj. 使人心烦的；带来麻烦的 6. n. 结果；效果 7. adj. 错误的；不正确的 _ _ _ _ _ _ adaptation classic hesitate uncomfortable troublesome outcome mistaken8. vt. 编排；分
4、类；归类 9. n. & v. 谈论；评论 10. vt. 显露出(本来面目)；背叛 11. vt. 谴责；使注定 12. adv. 适当地；恰当地 13. n. 相识；了解；熟人 14. adj. 优秀的；较高的 n. 上级；长官 _ _ _ _ _ _ _classify remark betray condemn properly acquaintance superior15. vt. 抢劫；偷窃；剥夺 16. n. & vi. 妥协；折衷 17. adj. 可怕的；恐怖的 18. adj. 使人反感的；令人厌恶的 19. vt. 俯视；忽视；不理会 20. v. (使)褪色；减弱 _
5、 _ _ _ rob compromise horrible disgusting overlook fade_ _ _ _ _ _ _make ones acquaintancegenerally speakingin amazementin terms ofshowinonce more in need of1. 结识；与相见 2. 一般来说 3. 震惊；惊讶 4. 就来说；从角度 5. 带或领进来 6. 再一次 7. 需要 8. 认为是；误以为 9. 写下；记下 10. (把某人)改变或冒充成 11. (声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡 _ _ _takefor take down passo
6、ff as fade out 1.Nearby a flower girl _ (wear) dark garments and a woollen scarf is also sheltering from the rain. 2.once _ (educate) to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. wearingeducated 3.Perhaps I could even find her a pla
7、ce as a ladys maid or a shop assistant, _ requires better English. which 1. hesitate vi. 犹豫，踌躇，不愿意I always hesitate to advise my friends on what to read.我总是不大愿意指点我的朋友们该看些什么书。hesitate 后接动词作宾语时，只能用不定式。另外，后面可接about, at, over等介词短语。根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)他仍然对是否加入考察队拿不定主意。 Hes still _ joining the expedition.(2)你
8、有问题就请告诉我。 _ tell me if you have a problem.hesitated aboutDont hesitate to(3)对于那件事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧。 _ about that. Just do it at once.(4)我不愿把这么多钱花在穿衣服上。 I _ so much money on clothes.Dont hesitatehesitate to spend(5)她不想伤害孩子的感情。 She _ the childs feelings. hesitated to hurt 2. mistaken adj. 错误的，不正确的 It appea
9、rs to me that you are all mistaken. 我觉得你们全搞错了。 be mistaken about 对持错误见解/看法 mistakefor把错当成 by mistake 错误的 make a mistake 犯错误 make a mistake about 误解根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)他显然弄错了。 He was clearly _.(2)我常把他错当作他的弟弟。 I often _ his brother.mistaken mistake him for(3)她误把盐放进茶里去了。 She put salt into her tea _.(4)她看起来
10、很文静，但请不要有半点怀疑，她的脾气很坏。 She seems very quiet, but _about it, she has a terrible temper! by mistake make no mistake 3. classify vt. 把分类 The books in the library are classified by subject. 图书馆的书是按科目分类的。classified adj. 分类的，(信息)归入密级的，保密的classification n. 分类，类根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)苹果是根据质量分类的。 Apples are _ (class
11、ify) according to quality.(2)军方向他们提供了机密的信息。 The military gave _ (classify) information to them. classifiedclassified 4. betray vt.出卖，背叛；负某人之托；显露出(本来面目) I tried hard not to betray signs of grief on my face. 我竭力不在脸上显露出悲痛的表情。betrayal n. 暴露，背叛betray sb. / sth. 出卖，背叛betray state secrets 泄露国家机密betray a se
12、cret to sb. 向某人泄露秘密betray ones trust 辜负某人的信任betray oneself 原形毕露根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)他发誓永不背叛组织。 He promised never to_.(2)你出卖别人时，也出卖了自己。 When you _ else, you also _.betray the organizationbetray somebodybetray yourself(3)他宁死也不出卖他的朋友。 He would rather to die than to_. betray his friends5. condemn vt. 谴责(法律)判
13、罪；使注定We condemned him for his bad conduct.我们责备他行为不检点。condemn ones behavior 谴责某人的行为condemn sb. for / as因而责难某人condemn sb. to判刑，使某人陷入境地condemn sb. to death 宣判某人死刑根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)安然公司前总裁被判有期徒刑35年。 The former CEO of Anron_35 years in prison.(2)报纸及时地指出了他的错误。 The papers were quick to_him for his mistake.wa
14、s condemned to condemn(3)她常因不关心别人而受到责难。 She _ as uncaring. is often condemned6. acquaintance n. 认识，了解；熟人I made his acquaintance at a party.我是在一次聚会上认识他的。make ones acquaintance 结识某人make the acquaintance of sb. 结识某人have some acquaintance with sb. / sth. 对某人/某事有些了解cut / drop ones acquaintance with sb. 与
15、某人绝交gain acquaintance with 得以熟悉根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)他只是我的泛泛之交。 He is a speaking _.(2)我懂一点西班牙语。 I have _ with Spanish.acquaintance of minesome acquaintance(3)她在商界有不少熟人。 She has _ in the business community. many acquaintances7 。superior adj. 优等的，优越的，上级的 n. 上级，长官 The present is superior to the past. 今胜于昔。 反
16、义词： inferior adj. 次的，低等的；自卑的 be superior to比优越，不屈服于 be inferior to低于be senior to比年长be junior to比年轻根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)你是一个非常优秀的年轻女性。 Youre a very _ young woman.(2)这本书比那本书好。 The book is _ that.(3)作为小提琴手，没有人能胜过他。 As a violin player, he has_. superiorsuperior tono superior(4)史密斯比我大3岁。 Smith _ me by three y
17、ears.(5)我们可以把这份工作交给职位较低的人。 We could give the job to_. is senior to somebody junior8. overlook vt. 忽视；俯视；不理会 They overlooked the enormous risks involved. 他们忽略了暗含的巨大危险。 overlook与ignore overlook 指“由于粗心、草率、放任而没看出或采取行动”， 既指有意识地遗漏，也可以指无意识地忽略。 ignore 也有“不理睬，忽视”之意，但只指有意识地拒绝、故意不予理会或故意这样做。根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)这些琐碎
18、的细节很容易被忽略掉。 These little details are_.(2)那位母亲忽视了她的小儿子的不良行为。 The mother _ her little boys bad behavior.easily overlookedoverlooked(3)他忽视了我的错误。 He _ my errors.(4)要么她没看见我招手，要么就是故意不理我。 Either she didnt see me wave or she deliberately _ me. overlooked ignored 1. in amazement 惊讶地，吃惊地 He gazed at me in ama
19、zement. 他惊讶地盯着我看。in surprise 惊讶地in satisfaction 满意地in despair 失望地 in anger 生气地in joy 高兴地 in comfort 安慰地in sorrow 悲伤地根据汉语意思，完成英文句子在他一个朋友惊讶的注视下，他抽出了几张假钞。 As one of his friends_ ，he peeled out a few fake notes. was just marking time2. generally speaking 一般来说 Generally speaking, Im inclined to agree wit
20、h you. 总的说来，我比较同意你的意见。frankly speaking 坦率地说honestly speaking to tell the truth 说实话briefly speaking in a word 简而言之exactly speaking 确切地说personally speaking 就我个人来说roughly speaking 粗略地讲strictly speaking 严格地说broadly speaking 广义上来说 注意：generally speaking用作独立结构，即不用考虑与逻辑主语的一致性(即不用generally spoken)，类似的还有judgi
21、ng from (据判断), strictly speaking(严格说来)等。根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)我一般不爱吃辛辣的食物。 _， I dont like spicy food.(2)我本人喜欢第二个候选人。 _， I prefer the second candidate.(3)总的来说，他是一个诚实的人。 _， he is an honest man. Generally speaking Personally speaking Generally speaking3. in terms of 从角度，根据，按照，就来说 We must now view agriculture
22、 in terms of its global impact. 现在我们必须根据农业的全球影响来考虑农业。come to terms 达成协议come to terms with 甘心忍受be on good / bad terms with 与关系好/坏in the long / short term 从长远/眼前来看根据汉语意思，完成英文句子(1)这本书获得了好评，但从实际销售情况来看，它并不太成功。 The book has been well received, but _ actual sales, it hasnt been very successful.in terms of(
23、2)他最后还是与那家公司达成了协议。 Hed finally _ with that company.(3)一个傲慢的人要和别人很好地相处，那是很难的。 Its rather difficult for a cocky person to _e to terms be on good terms with(4)他经常用充满爱意的语言谈论他的女朋友。 He often talks about his girlfriend _. in terms of love4. passoff as(把某人)改变或冒充成 He tried to pass himself off as a qualified
24、doctor. 他试图冒充合格医生。pass off 发生；逐渐消失pass away 去世pass on 传授 pass by 从旁经过pass up 错过，放过 pass out 分发；昏倒pass through 穿过，经历过pass down / on 把传给后世pass over 忽视，对置之不理用适当的介词或副词填空(1)他母亲去年去世了。 His mother passed _ last year.(2)他冒充警卫逃走了。 He escaped by passing himself _ as a guard.(3)她婚姻破裂后一度十分困难。 She passed _ a diff
25、icult period after her marriage failed.awayoffthrough(4)音乐会进展顺利。 The concert passed _ well. off I_thought perhaps you wanted her to talk into your machine. 我本来还以为是你要她对着机器讲话的呢。 sb. thought thatsb. had thought 原以为。 动词think, expect, suppose, hope, believe, plan 等的过去完成时，表示未曾实现的意图、安排或希望等。 He hoped that they would write objectively about China. 他希望他们能客观地报导中国的情况。 We had hoped that things would get easy but the reality was very different. 我曾希望事情会变得容易些，可现实却截然不同。
