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1、定语从句定语从句Grammar Translate these proverbs He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉不到长城非好汉He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。自助者天助之。Friendship is like health, the value of which is seldom known until it is lost. 真正的友谊犹
2、如健康的身体，失去时方知其可贵真正的友谊犹如健康的身体，失去时方知其可贵。 定语从句中连接词连接词的选择取决于先行词先行词在从句中担当的成分成分。做主语，宾语或表语：做主语，宾语或表语：where的用法的用法Join the two sentences ,using the attributive clause.This is the factory.I worked in the factory last year.This is the factory where I worked last year.This is the factory in which I worked last y
3、ear.Those who are against the plan please put up their hands. The boy who is reading newspapers to us is our monitor. The student who (whom) the teacher is talking to is my brother. The student to whom the teacher is talking is my brother. Do you still remember the person whom I introduced to you wh
4、en I was in Beijing last year?关系代词的使用关系代词的使用whose: 修饰人, 也可修饰物, 表示所属关系, 在从句中做定语, 在修饰物时可以与of which搭配 The girl whose composition was read just now studies very well. A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan。. I live in a room whose window faces south. Please pass me the book whose cover is bl
5、ueLast week, we visited a factory which produces very good bicycles. I once worked in the factory which my students are going to visit next week. We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden. The scientist discovered a new element, which made him famous.When，why的用法的用法Join the two senten
6、ces ,using the attributive clause.1.Ill never forget the day. I joined the Party on that day.Ill never forget the day when I joined the Party .Ill never forget the day on which I joined the Party .2. There are many reasons. People like travelling for many reasons.There are many reasons why people li
7、ke travelling.There are many reasons for which people like travelling. that : 可修饰人也可修饰物, 在句中做主语或宾语, 因此修饰人时可代替who 或whom, 修饰物时可代替which, 但that 不能直接做介词宾语 Who is the person that is speaking now? They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school. This is the very book that Ive been l
8、onging for. 在先行词为物情况下，一般情况两者可通用，但也有不可互换的情况。 以下几种情况只用that.先行词all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词 He did all that he can to help me. There is nothing that can be done in this situation. Everything (that) we saw was of great interest to us. Ive read all the books (that) yo
9、u gave me. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰。先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 The Summer Palace is the most beautiful park that Ive been to. The first thing that I should do after returning to China is to see my old parents. This is the best novel (that) I have ever read. This is the first compositio
10、n (that) he has written in English先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, the next ,the just修饰时。 That white flower is the only one that I really like. This is the very book that I want to have. The last place that we visited was the chemical works.有两个或两个以上的分别表示人和物的先行词，从句应用that,而不是其他。 He talked a
11、bout the teachers and schools that he had visited in Germany. They talked for about half an hour of persons and things that they remembered at school当主句是以who, which 开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句多用that, 而不用who(whom), Who is the person that is standing at the gate? Who is the man that called on you just now? Which o
12、f the subjects that you are studying is the most difficult?只用which 不用that 的情况:在非限定性定语从句中 The bus, which was full, was surrounded by an angry crowd. 指物，在介词后 This is the room in which we planned our future life. Soon we go to a hill at the top of which was a temple. 如果介词不前置可用that The room which / that
13、 we live in is very clean and tidy. 在修饰整个句子时 Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light. He tried to make some excuses, which made his teacher very angry.练习1. This is the comrade_ will go to the south with us tomorrow. 2. Whos the student _ the teacher is talking with? 3. I like the present _ youve
14、 sent to me. 4. The nurse _ we talked about can speak English well. 5. This is the most difficult job _ weve ever done.6. This is the cleverest man _ Ive ever known. 7. I bought all _ was necessary. 8. The old gentleman _ you met just now is a famous writer. 9. The girl to _ I lent my bike works in
15、a hospital. 10. All _ come are welcome11. This is the girl _ songs you heard last night. 12. She was the brave girl _ name is known to everybody here. 13. Thank you for the help _ youve done for me. 14. This radio set _ we have had for two years is a good one. 15. The next question _ I found difficu
16、lt to answer was put to me by Mary. Keys: who 2. that 3. that/which 4. Whom 5. that 6. that 7. that 8. whom/that 9. whom 10. That 11. whose 12. whose 13. which/that 14. which/that 15. that 关系副词的用法When: 修饰表时间的名词修饰表时间的名词, 如如time, hour, day, month, date, year等等, 在从句中做时间状语在从句中做时间状语 Do you still remember
17、 the day when you first came to school? The first time that I came to school was in 1982. I cant remember the exact time when (that) I went to visit the Great Hall of the People.关系副词的用法Where: 修饰表示地点的名词修饰表示地点的名词,在从句中做在从句中做地点状语地点状语 Its the room where I used to live in my childhood. The factory where w
18、e worked last year is now being rebuilt.关系副词的用法When: 修饰表时间的名词修饰表时间的名词, 如如time, hour, day, month, date, year等等, 在从句中做时间状语在从句中做时间状语 Do you still remember the day when you first came to school? The first time that I came to school was in 1982. I cant remember the exact time when (that) I went to visit
19、the Great Hall of the People.关系副词关系副词why引导限定性定语从句修饰先引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词行词reason，在定语从句中充当原因状语，在定语从句中充当原因状语相当于相当于for which 。I dont know the reason why he came so late. 我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。 time时间状语时间状语place地点状语地点状语reason原因状语原因状语why(= for which)where (=in/ at which)when(=at / in/ on which)Function i
20、n the clauseReferring to The relative adverb Practice(难点突破难点突破)1.This is the school I worked last year. This is the school I visited last year. A. that B. where C. when D. in where2. Ill never forget the day I joined the Party. Ill never forget the day I spent in the village. A. that B. where C. whe
21、n D. on when3.This is the reason he was late. This is the reason he gave to me. A. that B. why C. when D. for why1.The reason why he explained at the meeting surprised us.2.2. I can remember the days when we spent together.why(that)when(that / which)Correct the mistakes高考链接高考链接 There were dirty mark
22、s on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. (2008 全国全国) A. where B. which C. when D. that思考探究思考探究翻译句子并分析其结构翻译句子并分析其结构1.Many teachers come to attend my class today, which makes me very happy. 2.As we all know, Diaoyu Islands belong to China.as, which 引导了哪类从句？定语从句修饰的先行词在哪里？as, which 引导非限定性定语从句时有那些特点？as和which引导非限定性定语从句as和which均可引导非限定性定语从句，在 从句中充当主语，宾语和表语，修饰整个主句。as具有“正如，像”等意思。as引导非限定性定语从句时可放在主句的 句首,句中或句末；而which引导非限定性定语从句时通常只能放在主句的 末尾。 Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy (嫉妒嫉妒) him. (2004 天津天津) A. who B. that C. what D. which
