《高中英语 Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema Grammar课件 外研版必修5》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语 Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema Grammar课件 外研版必修5（47页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the CinemaGrammar非谓语动词与连系动词非谓语动词与连系动词【探究寻规【探究寻规】用所给动词的适当形式填空并写出其在句中的作用。用所给动词的适当形式填空并写出其在句中的作用。A thriller book is about an extremely _ (excite) story, which is often _ (frighten). （定语；表语）（定语；表语）The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a novel _ (write) by Mark Twain.
2、 （定语）（定语）At first, Jim refused _ (board) a _ (sink) ship, but I persuaded him _ (go). （宾宾语语；定定语语；宾宾语语补补足语）足语）excitingfrighteningwrittento boardsinkingto goWhen we climbed onto the steamboat, _ (keep) as quiet as mice, we heard someone _ (shout). （状状语语；宾宾语语补足语）补足语）I saw a man _ (lie) on the floor, _
3、(tie) up with rope and two men _ (stand) over him. （宾宾语语补补足足语语；宾宾语语补足语；定语）补足语；定语）keepingshoutlyingtiedstanding【语法精点【语法精点】 一、基础点拨一、基础点拨 （一）非谓语动词（一）非谓语动词 一一些些在在句句中中不不作作谓谓语语但但可可作作其其他他句句子子成成分分并并具具有有动动词词特特征的动词形式叫非谓语动词。征的动词形式叫非谓语动词。 非非谓谓语语动动词词分分为为动动词词不不定定式式、动动词词-ing形形式式和和动动词词-ed形形式三种形式。式三种形式。 1. 动词不定式作宾语。
4、动词不定式作宾语。 动动词词不不定定式式作作宾宾语语时时，往往往往跟跟在在某某些些及及物物动动词词的的后后面面。常常见见的的此此类类动动词词有有：afford, agree, ask, decide, desire, expect, fail, manage, pretend, plan, refuse, hope, want, wish等。等。 *He didnt afford to buy a house so he decided to rent one. 他买不起房子，所以决定租一套。他买不起房子，所以决定租一套。【名名师师点点津津】动动词词不不定定式式作作宾宾语语时时，如如果果其其后
5、后跟跟宾宾语语补补足足语语，这这时时常常用用it作作形形式式宾宾语语，把把不不定定式式后后置置。例例如如：The teacher found it difficult to ban students from carrying mobile phones. 老师发现禁止学生带手机很难。老师发现禁止学生带手机很难。 2. 动词不定式作宾语补足语。动词不定式作宾语补足语。 (1)跟跟不不定定式式作作宾宾语语补补足足语语的的动动词词有有advise, allow, beg, tell, ask, order, persuade, cause, force, forbid, invite, reque
6、st, want, warn等。等。 *Do you want me to help you? 你需要我帮忙吗？你需要我帮忙吗？ (2)有有些些动动词词，如如make, let, have, see, watch, hear, notice等等用用不不带带to的的不不定定式式作作宾宾语语补补足足语语，但但改改为为被被动动语语态态时时，不不定式要加定式要加to。 *I often hear him sing this song. 我经常听到他唱这首歌。我经常听到他唱这首歌。(主动主动) *He is often heard to sing this song. (人们人们)经常听到他唱这首歌。经
7、常听到他唱这首歌。(被动被动)【巧学助记【巧学助记】用省略用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词的不定式作宾语补足语的动词吾吾(五五)看三室看三室(使使)二厅二厅(听听)一感觉。一感觉。五看：五看：see, watch, look at, notice, observe三使：三使：let, make, have二听：二听：hear, listen to一感觉：一感觉：feel 3. 动词动词-ing形式作宾语。形式作宾语。 跟跟v. -ing形形式式作作宾宾语语的的动动词词(短短语语)有有enjoy, admit, avoid, escape, consider(考考虑虑), delay, pu
8、t off, give up, advise, suggest, dislike, mind, miss, practise, risk, appreciate，be used to（习习惯惯于于）, feel like, look forward to, get down to, cant help（情情不自禁）等。不自禁）等。 *Only when we enjoy practicing speaking English can we improve rapidly. 只只有有当当我我们们喜喜欢欢练练习习说说英英语语的的时时候候，我我们们才才能快速提高。能快速提高。【名名师师点点津津】当当
9、动动词词-ing形形式式作作宾宾语语时时，如如果果其其后后还还有有宾宾语语补补足足语语，这这时时通通常常用用it作作形形式式宾宾语语，把把动动词词-ing形形式式置置于于后后面面。例例如如：We consider it no use arguing with her. 我我们们认认为为和和她她争论是没用的。争论是没用的。 4. 动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。形式作宾语补足语。 动动词词-ing形形式式作作宾宾语语补补足足语语时时，宾宾语语和和宾宾语语补补足足语语之之间间是是主动关系，且强调动作正在进行或延续。主动关系，且强调动作正在进行或延续。 *They saw the water ru
10、nning down from the high mountain. 他们看到水从高山上流下来。他们看到水从高山上流下来。 5. 过去分词作宾语补足语。过去分词作宾语补足语。 及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分分词词作作宾宾语语补补足足语语时时，与与宾宾语语之之间间是是被被动动关关系系，有有时时还还表表示示动动作作的的完完成成；不不及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分分词词作作宾宾语语补补足足语语时时，与与宾宾语语之之间间没没有有被被动动关关系系，多多表表示示状状态态或或完完成。成。 *I heard English spoken just now. 刚才我听到有人说英语。刚才我听到有人说英语。 *Ch
11、ina had Shenzhou spaceship launched successfully. 中国成功发射了中国成功发射了“神舟神舟”十号飞船。十号飞船。 6. 表表示示感感情情的的一一些些动动词词-ing形形式式和和-ed形形式式相相当当于于形形容容词词，可可以以在在句句中中作作表表语语、宾宾语语补补足足语语和和定定语语，前前者者表表示示“令令人人的的”，后者表示，后者表示“感到感到的的”。 *The accident was so terrifying that everyone present was terrified at the sight of it. 这这起起事事故故令令
12、人人害害怕怕，在在场场的的每每个个人人看到后都很害怕。看到后都很害怕。 *The excited boys made the bored adult excited too, so the scene was exciting. 这这些些兴兴奋奋的的男男孩孩让让那那些些厌厌倦倦的的成成年年人人也也兴兴奋奋起起来来，所所以以整个场面很令人兴奋。整个场面很令人兴奋。【名名师师点点津津】表表示示感感情情的的一一些些动动词词-ing形形式式既既修修饰饰人人也也修修饰饰物物，如如an interesting man/book一一个个有有趣趣的的人人/一一本本有有趣趣的的书书；-ed形形式式通通常常修修饰
13、饰人人和和一一些些表表示示感感情情、眼眼泪泪或或话话语语的的词词，如如look, expression, tears, words等等。例例如如：People interested in the program expressed their interest with a satisfied look. 对这个节目感兴趣的人们面带满意的表情表达了他们的兴趣。对这个节目感兴趣的人们面带满意的表情表达了他们的兴趣。 （二）连系动词（二）连系动词 连连系系动动词词本本身身有有一一定定意意义义，但但不不能能独独立立作作谓谓语语，必必须须和和表表语语一一起起构构成成复复合合谓谓语语。常常见见的的连连系
14、系动动词词有有以以下下几几种种：状状态态系系动动词词be, remain, keep, stay; 表表示示“看看起起来来“的的系系动动词词seem, appear, look；表表示示“起起来来”的的感感官官系系动动词词feel, smell, sound, taste, look；变变化化系系动动词词become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come等。等。 *After he became rich, he looked as if he were the richest man in the world. 自从他变富之后，他看起来就像是世界上最富有的人。自从
15、他变富之后，他看起来就像是世界上最富有的人。 *Though his dream has come true, he remains unhappy. 虽然他的梦想实现了，但他还是不高兴。虽然他的梦想实现了，但他还是不高兴。【名名师师点点津津】连连系系动动词词后后面面除除可可跟跟形形容容词词外外，也也可可接接like, as if/as though等等短短语语或或句句型型。例例如如： He sounds as if he were crying while she appears like a happy girl. 他他听听起起来来好好像像在在哭哭，而她看起来像一个快乐的女孩。而她看起来像
16、一个快乐的女孩。 二、难点突破二、难点突破 1. “疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”作宾语。作宾语。tell, understand, show, know, explain, teach, learn, advise, discuss等等后后面面常常接接“疑疑问问词词+动动词词不不定定式式”作作宾宾语语，在在这这种种结结构中，动词不定式通常只能用主动形式即构中，动词不定式通常只能用主动形式即to do这种形式。这种形式。 *He can expect what to happen and how to deal with it in such a situation. 他能预料到在这种情
17、况下会发生什么事情并且怎样处理。他能预料到在这种情况下会发生什么事情并且怎样处理。 2. 表表示示“除除了了”的的介介词词 but/except/other than接接动动词词不不定定式。式。 当当but/except/other than前前面面有有实实义义动动词词do的的形形式式时时，其其后后接接省省to的的不不定定式式，反反之之，接接带带to的的不不定定式式。but常常用用于于下下面面表表示示“不不得得不不”的的固固定定表表达达中中：cant choose/help but do sth. , cant but do sth. 。 *He did nothing but sleep w
18、hile she had no choice but to work. She cant choose but think why. 他他除除了了睡睡觉觉什什么么也也不不做做，而她只能工作。她禁不住想这是为什么。而她只能工作。她禁不住想这是为什么。 3. 既接动词不定式也接动词既接动词不定式也接动词-ing形式的动词。形式的动词。 有有些些动动词词接接动动词词不不定定式式和和接接动动词词-ing形形式式时时没没有有很很大大区区别别，如如continue, begin, start, prefer, like, love, hate等等。但但有有些些动动词词或动词短语后面接这两种形式时，意思却完
19、全不同。例如：或动词短语后面接这两种形式时，意思却完全不同。例如： forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事忘记做过某事 remember to do sth. 记得要做某事记得要做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事记得做过某事mean to do sth. 打算做某事打算做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事意味着做某事try to do sth. 试图做某事试图做某事try doing sth. 试着做某事试着做某事stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事停下来去做某事stop
20、doing sth. 停止正在做的事停止正在做的事regret to do sth. 遗憾遗憾/抱歉要做抱歉要做regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事后悔做过某事go on to do sth. 接下来做另外一件事接下来做另外一件事go on doing sth. 继续做原来的事情继续做原来的事情be used to do sth. 被用来做某事被用来做某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事习惯于做某事cant help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事不能帮助做某事cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事【名名师师点点津津】
21、need, require, want等等后后面面的的非非谓谓语语动动词词与与主主语语是是被被动动关关系系时时，用用动动词词不不定定式式的的被被动动式式和和动动词词-ing形形式式的的主主动动形形式式都都可可以以。例例如如：The pollution needs/requires/wants to be dealt with. = The pollution needs/requires/wants dealing with. 污染需要治理了。污染需要治理了。【高考体验【高考体验】掌握非谓语动词的关键四步：掌握非谓语动词的关键四步：1. 分清非谓语动词在句中作什么成分分清非谓语动词在句中作什么
22、成分;2. 明确非谓语动词的形式明确非谓语动词的形式;3. 明确非谓语动词的动作发生的时间明确非谓语动词的动作发生的时间;4. 确定非谓语动词和哪个名词或代词之间的逻辑关系。确定非谓语动词和哪个名词或代词之间的逻辑关系。1. (2013北北京京高高考考)Volunteering gives you a chance _ lives, including your own. A. change B. changing C. changed D. to change解解题题关关键键: 掌掌握握几几个个常常用用不不定定式式作作定定语语的的名名词词chance, ability和和way。思思路路分分
23、析析: 选选D。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意: 志志愿愿服服务务给给你你一一个个改改变变生生活活的的机机会会, 包包括括改改变变你你自自己己的的生生活活。题题干干中中已已经经有有谓谓语语动动词词gives, 故故A选选项项change谓谓语语动动词词形形式式不不能能选选, 只只能能选选非非谓谓语语形形式式, chance后后往往往往接接of doing sth. 或或to do sth. , 即即give sb. a chance to do sth. /of doing sth. 给某人做某事的机会。给某人做某事的机会。易易错错误误区区: 干干扰扰项项是是B, 有有些些同同学学认认
24、为为change和和chance之之间间是是主主动动关关系系, 而而误误选选B。事事实实上上, 表表示示“机机会会”用用a chance to do sth. 。2. (2013北北京京高高考考)When we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A. blockB. to blockC. blockingD. blocked解题关键解题关键: block和宾语和宾语the road之间为动宾关系之间为动宾关系思思路路分分析析: 选选D。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意: 当当我我们们看看到
25、到道道路路被被雪雪阻阻断断了了时时, 我我们们决决定定在在家家度度假假。road和和block之之间间是是被被动动关关系系, 故用故用block的过去分词作宾语补足语。的过去分词作宾语补足语。3. (2013福福建建高高考考)_basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. A. Known B. Having knownC. Knowing D. Being known思思路路分分析析: 选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意: 知知道道基基本本的的急急救救技技术术将将会会帮帮助助你你对
26、对紧紧急急情情况况快快速速作作出出反反应应。由由句句式式分分析析可可知知本本句句缺缺少少主主语语, 且且不不强强调调动动作作的的时时间间对对比比及及被被动动, 故故用用动动名名词词的的一般形式作主语。一般形式作主语。4. (2013四四川川高高考考)_which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice. A. Not knowing B. Knowing notC. Not known D. Known not思思路路分分析析: 选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意: 由由于于不不知知道道要要上上哪哪所所
27、大大学学, 女女孩孩向向她她的的老老师师征征求求意意见见。非非谓谓语语动动词词的的否否定定形形式式要要在在非非谓谓语语动动词词前前面面加加not, 故故排排除除B项项和和D项项; 根根据据句句意意可可知知主主语语the girl和和know之之间间为为逻逻辑辑上上的的主主谓谓关关系系, 故故选选择择v. -ing形形式式。C项表示和主语之间为被动关系。项表示和主语之间为被动关系。. 单项填空单项填空1. Please remember _ the plants while I am away. A. watering B. to be wateringC. to water D. being
28、watered【解解析析】选选C。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意: 当当我我不不在在家家时时, 请请记记住住给给这这些些植植物物浇浇水水。remember to do sth. 记记住住去去做做某某事事; remember doing sth. 记得做过的事情。记得做过的事情。2. (2013北北京京高高二二检检测测)Do you think you will have the work _ on time? A. finished B. finishingC. to finish D. finish【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意: 你你认认为为你你能能按按
29、时时完完成成这这项项工工作作吗吗? have sth. done表表示示“把把某某事事做做完完或或让让某某人人做做某某事事”, 宾宾语语sth. 和和宾宾语语补补足足语语之之间间是是被被动动关关系系。此此处处the work和和finish之间是被动关系之间是被动关系, 故选故选A。3. With housing prices _ sharply, nowadays buying an apartment is out of reach for young couples. A. to rise B. being risenC. rising D. to be risen【解解析析】选选C。考
30、考查查with的的复复合合结结构构。句句意意: 由由于于房房价价迅迅速速上上涨涨, 现现在在年年轻轻人人买买房房子子是是遥遥不不可可及及的的。根根据据句句意意可可知知, rise这这一一动动作作现现在在正正在在发发生生, rise是是不不及及物物动动词词, 不不能能用用于于被被动动形形式式, 由由此可知选此可知选C。【变式训练【变式训练】With a lot of difficult problems_, the man felt like a cat on hot bricks. A. settling B. settledC. to settle D. being settled【解解析析
31、】选选C。考考查查with的的复复合合结结构构。句句意意: 有有很很多多问问题题要要解解决决, 所所以以这这个个人人感感觉觉像像热热锅锅上上的的蚂蚂蚁蚁。根根据据句句意意可可知知, settle这这一动作发生在将来一动作发生在将来, 所以用动词不定式。所以用动词不定式。4. The thief was cunning(狡狡猾猾的的). He told a lie to the policeman _ at the scene. A. when questioned B. while to be questionedC. as questioning D. when questioning【解解
32、析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词作作状状语语。句句意意: 这这个个小小偷偷很很狡狡猾猾, 当当警警察察在在现现场场讯讯问问他他时时, 他他对对警警察察撒撒谎谎了了。question与与主主语语he之之间间是是被被动动关关系系, 所所以以用用过过去去分分词词。when questioned at the scene相当于相当于when he was questioned at the scene。5. As soon as he came in the classroom, he saw his mother _ at his desk. A. being sat B. sitting
33、C. to sit D. sat【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。see sb. +do/doing/done表表示示“看看到到某某人人做做了了/正正在在做做/被被”, 此此处处指指看看到到母母亲亲正正坐坐在在他他的桌子旁的桌子旁, sit是不及物动词是不及物动词, 由此可知选由此可知选B。6. (2013济济南南高高二二检检测测)We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _that all children like these things. A. thinkingB. thinkC
34、. to thinkD. thought【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意: 我我们们总总是是给给孩孩子子玩玩具具、足足球球或或篮篮球球, 认认为为所所有有的的孩孩子子都都喜喜欢欢这这些些东东西西。根根据据句句意意和和句句子结构可知子结构可知, thinking作伴随状语。作伴随状语。7. (2013泉泉州州高高二二检检测测)_that he had wasted a lot of time, Tom decided to work hard on his study. A. Realizing B. To realizeC. Realized D. Having be
35、en realized【解解析析】选选A。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词作作状状语语。句句意意: 汤汤姆姆认认识识到到自自己己已已经经浪浪费费了了很很多多时时间间, 决决定定好好好好学学习习。realize这这一一动动作作和和主主语语Tom之之间间是是主主动动关关系系, 且且表表示示这这一一动动作作和和谓谓语语动动作作几几乎乎同同时时发生发生, 所以用动词所以用动词-ing形式。形式。【知识拓展【知识拓展】位于句首作状语的非谓语动词位于句首作状语的非谓语动词当当非非谓谓语语动动词词位位于于句句首首作作状状语语时时, 动动词词不不定定式式只只表表示示目目的的, 意意思思是是“为为了了”; 动动词词
36、-ing形形式式和和主主语语之之间间是是主主动动关关系系, 且且表表示示这这一一动动作作和和谓谓语语动动作作几几乎乎同同时时发发生生; 过过去去分分词词和和主主语语之之间间是是被被动关系动关系, 有时表示状态。有时表示状态。8. I cant hear you on the mobile phone. Something seems _ wrong with it. A. to go B. to have goneC. going D. having gone【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意: 我我在在手手机机上上不不能能听听到到你你的的声声音音。看看起起来来它它出出
37、了了问问题题。“sb. /sth. +seems+动动词词不不定定式式”是是固固定定句句式式, 表表示示“似似乎乎发发生生了了什什么么”。此此处处指指故故障障已已发发生生, 故用动词不定式的完成式。故用动词不定式的完成式。9. (2013天天津津高高二二检检测测)School kids take part in parades on campus on Halloween, _in colorful costumes, after which there is a small party inside the classroom. A. dressing B. dressedC. being
38、dressed D. dress【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词作作状状语语。句句意意: 在在万万圣圣节节学学生生们们穿穿着着五五颜颜六六色色的的服服装装在在校校园园游游行行, 在在此此之之后后在在教教室室里里举举行行了了一一个个小小型型晚晚会会。be dressed in表表示示“穿穿着着”, 作作状状语语时时去去掉掉be, 故选故选B。10. (2013温温州州高高二二检检测测)What do you think made your friend so unhappy? _to the concert. A. Having not been invited B. Not h
39、aving been invitedC. Not having invited D. Having not invited【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词作作主主语语。此此处处是是对对主主语语what的的回回答答, 所所以以用用动动词词-ing形形式式。动动词词-ing形形式式的的否否定定式式是是在在其其前前面面加加not。此此处处invite和和其其逻逻辑辑主主语语friend之之间间是是被被动动关关系系, 所所以以选选B。. 用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空1. When _ (know) that the experiment will end in fail
40、ure, Jack thinks that he is a failure. 2. Do you have anything _ (say) on the cause of the disaster? 3. After John got on the bus, he looked around and caught a man _ (put) his hand into a pocket of a passenger. 4. The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room _ (carry) on their discussi
41、on. knowingto sayputtingto carry5. _ (not recognize) the voice, he refused to give the person his personal information including his home address and ID card. 6. _ (fail) to do something can make you sad. 7. With all her homework _ (do), the girl went on a trip happily. 8. Mo Yan is the first Chines
42、e _ (win) the Nobel Prize for Literature. Not recognizingFailingdoneto win. 句型转换句型转换1. Having a trip abroad, I think, is no use for them. It is no use for them _, I think. 2. The research is so designed that once it is begun nothing can be done to change it. The research is so designed that once _ n
43、othing can be done to change it. 3. Its said that Robert studied abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. Robert is said _, but I dont know what country he studied in. having a trip abroadbegunto have studied abroad4. The flowers that smell sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors
44、 to the beauty of nature. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. 5. The disc, digitally recorded in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. The disc, _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. smellingwhich was digitally recorded6. Because it had been attacked by terrorists, the tall building collapsed. _ by terrorists, the tall building collapsed. 7. When I got there, I found they had finished the work. _ there, I found the work _. Having been attackedGettingfinished
