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1、英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态； 主语为动作的承受者为被动语态。例如：People speak English in Australia.(主动语态)The hospital was built last year.(被动语态)考点一被动语态的基本结构1 1基本结构be动词的过去分词动词的过去分词时态被动语态例句一般现在时am/is/aredoneThe classroom is cleaned by us.一般过去时was/weredone The kite was made by him.一般将来时will/shall be going tobe do
2、neTrees will be planted by them tomorrow.情态动词can/may/mustbe doneHe can be found by me.互动一例题一()1. Flowers _ along the road last year. APlant Bplanted Care planted Dwere planted()2. I want to borrow the book, but I dont know how long it may _ For two weeks. Akeep Bbe borrowed Cbe kept Dborrow 例题二C D考点
3、二被动语态的特别用法特殊用法1 1(1)不及物动词及连系动词不能用于被动语态。 常见词有：happen, take place, look, sound, feel, smell, taste, become 等。例如：The story happened on a cold night.The food tasted delicious.2 2(2)在主动语态中省略“to”的动词不定式，在被动语态中要加“to”。常用词有：see, find, hear, watch, make 等。例如：I saw him play football on the playground just now.H
4、e was seen to play football on the playground just now.特殊用法3 3形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的变化规则(3)有双宾语的句子变成被动语态有两种情况间接宾语(人)变成被动语态的主语，直接宾语(物)仍保留在原位。例如：He gave me a pen yesterday.I was given a pen (by him) yesterday.直接宾语(物)变成被动语态的主语，在间接宾语(人)前加介词to或for(make，buy等用for)。例如：He gave me a pen yesterday. A pen was given to
5、 me (by him) yesterday.特殊用法4 4形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的变化规则(4)动词短语变为被动语态时不能漏掉其中的介词或副词。例如：We should listen to the teacher carefully in class. The teacher should be listened to carefully in class (by us)特殊用法互动一例题一例题二D B()1. The food looked bad, but it _ OK. So we cant judge a man by his appearance. Ais tasted B
6、tasted Cwas tasted Dtaste()2. Since 2000，Jingmen has become a new city. Everything _ Ais changed Bwas changed Chad changed Dhas changed考点三常用于被动语态的词组(1)be used for doing sth., be used as, be used by, be/get used to doing, used to dobe used for doing sth./be used to do sth. 被用来做某事Pens are used for wri
7、ting.be used as 被当作用 English is used as a second language in many countries.1 1常用词组be used by 被某人使用His car is used by his father.be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 My English teacher is used to living in Zhongshan.used to do 过去常常Tom used to be short, but now he is tall.2 2常用词组(2)be made of, be made fo
8、r, be made in 制造be made of 由制造(看得见原料)The desk is made of wood.be made from 由制造(看不见原料)The book is made from wood.be made in地点 在制造The desk is made in Zhuhai.3 3常用词组(3)be filled withbe full of 装满The bottle is filled with milk.(4)be covered by/be covered with 覆盖Be careful. The desk is covered with water
9、.(5)be worn out 穿坏，用旧His shoes are worn out. He needs a new pair.(6)be sold out 卖完These houses were sold out last year.4 4常用词组互动一例题一例题二CD()1. This pair of shoes _ hand, and it _ very comfortable. Ais made with; is felt Bare made from; is felt Care made of; feels Dis made by; feels()2. Why do you collect so many old bikes? Ill have them _ and give away to the children who dont have bikes. Aused up Bgiven up Cfixed up D set up
