《优化指导1314高一英语课件人教版必修1unit4earthquakessectiongrammar》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《优化指导1314高一英语课件人教版必修1unit4earthquakessectiongrammar（43页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Unit 4 EarthquakesUnit 4 EarthquakesSection Grammar & Writing 单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座一、概念在复合句中作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，其中that，which，who在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，whom作宾语，whose作定语。 定语从句()单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座二、
2、关系代词引导的定语从句who指人，常在定语从句中作主语。The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.正和我父亲握手的那个人是警察。关系代词用法口诀关系词，引定从，它们的用法各不同；that可作主、宾用，指人指物它都行；which用来指物用，主语、宾语它也能；who和whom指人用，分作主、宾要分清；whose一词它真行，指人或物都管用。whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略，在口语中也可用who代替whom。Mrs Smith (whom/who) you met yesterday is a friend of m
3、ine.你昨天碰到的那位史密斯夫人是我的一位朋友。whose既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.这就是那位闻名全世界的科学家。which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。China is a country which has a long history.中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。that可以代替who，whom，which，但习惯上常用who，whom指人，用which
4、指物。Guilin is a city that has a history of about 2,000 years.桂林是一座具有大约2,000年历史的城市。单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座三、用that不用which的情况当先行词是不定代词all，little，few，much，none，anything，nothing，everything等时。点津：something后面的定语从句用that或which皆可。I have said all that I want to say.我想说的都说了。I have learnt by heart everything
5、 that he taught me.他教给我的一切我都记住了。当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词以及the very，the only等修饰时。This is the best play that I have seen since I came here.这是我来到这里以后看到的最好的一部戏剧。The only thing that matters is the babys health.唯一重要的是这个婴儿的健康。The second cup of tea that he drank was cool.他喝的第二杯茶是凉的。单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座当先行词被
6、all，little，some，any，no，every等修饰时。There is little work that you can do.几乎没有你能做的工作。No news that he tells us is good.他告诉我们的消息没有一个好的。当先行词既含表人的名词又含表物的名词时。They talked about the men and the things that they saw in the country.他们谈到了在那个国家见到的人和事。当主句是以which或who开头的特殊问句时。Which is the hotel that he stayed at last
7、 night?他昨晚住的是哪家旅馆？当引导词在定语从句中作表语时。China is no longer the country that it was.中国已不是过去的那个样子了。单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座四、用which不用that的情况关系词前有逗号，即形成非限制性定语从句时。He has a walk every night，which does good to him.他每晚都散步，这对他有好处。巧记that和which的用法异同that，which可互换，下列情况勿照办。that情况比较多，先来对你说一说：不定代词这一伙，全用that准没错。先行词前有
8、修饰，千万不要用which。要用which别着急，介词提前来隔离。当关系代词前有介词时。Here is the car about which I told you.这就是我告诉过你的那辆汽车。当先行词本身是that时。That which is well done is twice done.一次做得好等于做两次。当关系代词后有插入成分时。I have received your letter which，as I have told you，is badly needed by the press.我已收到您的来信，这封信，正如我告诉你的，是新闻报道非常需要的。单元写作平台人教版英语人教版
9、英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座五、定语从句中的主谓一致原那么当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词必须与先行词保持一致。The book which lies on the table is hers.放在桌子上的那本书是她的。关系词在从句中作主语时，“one of可数名词复数形式”作先行词，定语从句中谓语动词用复数形式；但“the only one of可数名词复数形式”作先行词时，定语从句中谓语动词则用单数形式。He is one of the boys who are good at English.他是擅长学习英语的男孩之一。He is the only one of the
10、boys who is good at English in his class.他是他班里唯一擅长学习英语的男孩。单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座.用定语从句合并下面的句子1Do you know the man？The man spoke to the headmaster just now.Do you know the man_spoke to the headmaster just now?答案：who/that单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座2The girl is from America.Her hair is brown.T
11、he girl_hair is brown is from America.答案：whose3She wants to visit the village again.She grew up in it.She wants to visit the village again_she grew up in.答案：which/that单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座4The little child is having an apple.The apple is big and green.The little child is having an apple_is b
12、ig and green.答案：which/that5re talking about the film.I have seen the film_theyre talking about.答案：which/that单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座6The book was written by Mark Twain.He was a famous American writer.The book was written by Mark Twain_was a famous American writer.答案：who/that7I came across an at
13、tractive car on the street.Its shape was smart.I came across an attractive car on the street the shape of_was smart.答案：which单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座8He is my new boss.His two daughters are working abroad.He is my new boss of_the two daughters are working abroad.答案：whom单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语
14、法讲座.单项填空1(新课标全国高考)The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination.Athat BwhichCwhoseDwhat解析：句意：奖品将发给故事最能展示其想像力的作者。whose引导定语从句，且在从句中作定语，修饰story；whose story相当于the story of whom。答案：C单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座2(山东高考)The old town has narrow streets and small houses _ are built close
15、 to each other.Athey Bwhere Cwhat Dthat解析：句意：这座老城镇拥有狭窄的街道和坐落在一起的矮小的房子。分析句子结构可知，空格处及后面部分为定语从句，先行词为small houses，that代替先行词，引导定语从句且在定语从句中作主语。they，what不能引导定语从句。where引导定语从句时在句中作地点状语。应选D项。答案：D单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座3(福建高考)She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to com
16、municate freely with each other.Awhich Bwhere Cwhat Dwho单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座解析：句意：她拥有为她的学生创造一种允许他们互相自由交流的气氛的天赋。分析句子结构可知，“_ allows them to communicate freely with each other为atmosphere的定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故用which引导。where在定语从句中作地点状语；what不能引导定语从句；who在定语从句中不能指代物，故均不能选用。答案：A单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法
17、讲座4He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited.Awhich Bwho Cwhat Dthat解析：考查定语从句。先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只能选that，不选which和who，而what不能引导定语从句。答案：D单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座5Im seeing the professor tomorrow，_ will be back from Britain.Awhen Bwho Cwhich Dthat解析：考查定语从句。先行词“the professor是人，在从句中作主语，故
18、关系代词用who。when作状语，which指物，that不用于非限制性定语从句。答案：B单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座6You must watch carefully everything _ the teacher does in class.Awhere Bwho Cthat Dwhat解析：考查定语从句。先行词everything是不定代词，在从句中作宾语，故用that引导。where作状语，who指人，而what不能引导定语从句。答案：C单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座7Have you seen the filmTitanic
19、，_ leading actor is very famous?Awhose Bwhich Cits Dits解析：考查定语从句。先行词the filmTitanic在从句中作定语，应选A项。which作主语或宾语。假设选its，此题就成了两个简单句，而句子中间不能用逗号，缺连词。itsit is或it has，句子结构不符合语法。答案：A单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座8The place_interested me most was the Childrens Palace.Awhich Bwhat Chow Dwho解析：空格之后为定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行
20、词为物，故A项正确。答案：A单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座8The place_interested me most was the Childrens Palace.Awhich Bwhat Chow Dwho解析：空格之后为定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词为物，故A项正确。答案：A单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座10 The man_gave us a talk yesterday was a manager.Awho Bwhose Cwhich Dhe解析：who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the man，并在从句中作主语。答案：A 单元
21、写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座如何写新闻报道【写作指导】新闻是对新近发生的事实的报道。新闻反映新发生的、重要的、有意义的、能引起广泛兴趣的事实，具有迅速、明了、简短的特点。单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座一、新闻写作的语言特点1具体。新闻用事实说话，五个W(When，Where，Who，What，Why)和个H(How)是构成一那么完整消息不可缺少的要素，这就需要记叙具体的时间、地点、人、事、经过、因果等。2准确。新闻语言不能含糊其辞、模棱两可，也不能夸大或缩小事实。3简练。新闻语言要简
22、明扼要、直截了当。单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座二、新闻写作的结构新闻文体的主体结构主要由标题、导语、正文三部分组成。标题(headline)：标题是文章的眼睛，浓缩概括全文的中心问题，要简洁、生动、具有概括性。导语(lead or introduction)：导语是新闻的开头，通常为文章的第一段。要求用极简明的文字概括新闻的主要事实。单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座正文(body)：在导语的基础上，引入更多的与主题相关的事实，使之更加翔实、具体，并展开评论，进而得出结论。结语(end)：新闻报道的结语一般是最后一句话或是一段话，通常对全文
23、内容作概括性总结，有时在结语中提出令人深思的问题。单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座三、新闻报道的语言在写新闻报道时，首先要注意新闻的标题具有幽默风趣的特点，有较强的吸引力。同时，要用事实来说话，力求简洁。最后，报道中要有亮点，能引人深思或能让人产生强烈的兴趣。报道刚发生的事件时，采用一般过去时。以此为基点，“瞻前是过去完成时，“顾后是过去将来时。报道当前事件时，常用一般现在时，以此为基点，“瞻前是一般过去时或现在完成时(根据它对现在的影响而定)，“顾后那么是一般将来时。 单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座【万能句式】1As we all kno
24、w，there is/are.2Its time to.3Whats worse，people need.4I believe that people can.5What they did has brought.to.6I hope/think that.单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座【白金模板】题目(标题)As is reported in 出处 ，there is a 事件 in the southwest of the United States.It broke out in 时间 The fire was caused by 起因 in the fore
25、st.Thousands of firemen and local people were .Whats worse，the weather will be .So far，about eighty men危害 The whole nation was shocked .All the people hope that 希望 单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座5月1日，高二(3)班的学生志愿者Li Yue 和Zhang Hua去阳光敬老院(Sunshine Nursing Home)开展志愿者活动(送水果、打扫、聊天等)。假如你是校英语报的记者，请按以下要点用英语写一那
26、么100词左右的新闻报道。1时间、地点、人物、活动；2老人们的反应；3简短评论。单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座注意：报道的标题和记者姓名已给出(不计词数)。Student Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly_By Chen Jie，School Newspaper单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座【写作要点】1做志愿者工作do some _答案：voluntary work单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座2他们给老人们送花、送水果。They _ some flower
27、s and fruits _ the elderly.They _ the elderly some flowers and fruits.They _ the elderly _ some flowers and fruits.答案：gave；togavepresented；with单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座3他们一到那儿，就受到了热烈的欢迎。_，they were warmly welcomed._ they arrived there， they were warmly welcomed._，they were warmly welcomed.答案：Upo
28、n their arrivalAs soon asWhen they arrived there单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座4做完一切之后，他们坐在院子里与老人们聊天。_ the elderly people._，they sat in the yard and chatted with the elderly people.答案：Everything done，they sat in the yard chatting withWhen they finished everything单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座5他们说这是如此美好
29、的一天他们永远都不会忘记。They said it was _ beautiful day _ they would remember it forever.They said it was _ day _ they would never forget it.答案：such a；thatso beautiful a；that单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座【连句成篇】one possible version：Student Volunteers BroughtSunshine to the ElderlyOn May Day，Li Yue and Zhang Hua
30、，students from Class Three，Grade Two，went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some voluntary work.单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座Upon their arrival，Li Yue and Zhang Hua were warmly welcomed， and respectfully， they presented the elderly， they started working at once，cleaning the windows and sweeping the f
31、loor.Everything done，they sat in the yard chatting with the elderly people.单元写作平台人教版英语人教版英语 必修必修1 同步语法讲座When it was time for the volunteers to leave，the elderly people thanked them for their kindness.They said it was such a beautiful day that they would remember it forever.Li Yue and Zhang Hua were very happy.What they did has brought joy to others and enriched their own lives.By Chen Jie，School Newspaper谢谢观看！谢谢观看！
