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1、Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernheroLearningaboutLanguageGrammarreview定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：指人指物主语宾语that whichwhowhom何时可以省略？作宾语时可以省略1.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_Iknow.A.itB.whereC.thatD.which2.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady
2、_comesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose3.Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what4.Whatsthenameoftheman_?A.youborrowedhiscarB.whichcaryouborrowedC.whosecaryouborrowedD.hiscaryouborrowed1)ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.theAttributiveClause()onP34in
3、ourtextbook2)TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometresaway.4)ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.3)This was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live inJohannesburg.5)Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavere
4、achedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.6)Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.7)TheplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.8).wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.关系副词指代在从句中的作用when (=at/
5、in/on /during/ which) where (=in/at/ which)why (=for which) 时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语一.关系副词的用法关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。1.where表示地点，只能跟在表地点或场合的名词后。相当于inwhich注意：where不在从句中作主语或宾语。Whatisthenameofthetownwhere(inwhich)westayedlastnight?Thinkofaplacewhere(inwhich)wecangofordinner.Pleaseleavethebookatthepla
6、cewhere(inwhich)itwas.关系副词：when,where,why关系副词引导的定语从句修饰表示时间、地点、原因的名词, 并在定语从句中作状语, 相当于“介词+关系代词(which)”。2.when表示时间，只能跟在表时间的名词后。相当于on/inwhichTellmethetimewhenthetrainleaves.July,when(=inwhich)wecangohomeforarest,iscomingsoon.3.why表示原因，通常跟在reason后引导定语从句。相当于forwhichIdontknowthereasonwhy(forwhich)helefther
7、e.Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hecried.Conclusion：关系代词which/whom前介词的选择由先行词的习惯搭配或后半句动词的搭配决定。关系副词when,where,why代替的先行词分别是表示时间、地点或原因的名词，并且在定语从句中作状语，多数情况下相当于“介词+which”结构。【即学即练】1.Harvardisaworld-famousuniversity_WangAngothisdoctorsdegree.2.In1951DrWangfoundedhisowncompany_computersweremade.3.Hebecameavery
8、successfulentrepreneurintheUSin1985,_hemade$3billion.4.Thereason_youshouldbelateforschoolisunbelievable.where/inwhichwhere/inwhichwhen/inwhichwhy/forwhich二.关系代词与关系副词的区别1)a.Thereason_hemissedthespeechisthatheforgotthetime.b.Thereason_hegaveussoundedreasonable.2)a.Illneverforgettheday_wespenttogetheri
9、nParis.b.Illremembertheday_westayedtogetheratthattime.why/forwhichthat/which/that/which/when/onwhich3)a.Isthisthefactory_wevisitedlastyear?b.Isthisthehouse_Lincolnoncelived?that/which/where/inwhichConclusion：关系代词和关系副词的选择需要分析定语从句的结构。如果先行词在句中作主语、宾语或定语则要用关系代词that/which/who/whom/whose,作宾语时可以省略；如果先行词在定语从
10、句中作状语，则要用关系副词，即when/where/why或介词+which.介词+关系代词的情况 Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.toThecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.in可见,who、that不能用于介词之后介词+关系代词的情况Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.在固定短语中介词不能提前Compareandthink介词+关系代词的情况Exercises:1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?2.Doyo
11、ulikethebookshepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthat,which,whose,whomorwho?1.Isthereanythingelse_youwanttosay?2.Anyperson_hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.3.Heopenedthedoor,infrontof_sataboy.4.Themanto_Ispokeisafamousscientist.5.The
12、boy_motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.thatthatwhichwhomwhose6.Hedidall/everything_hecouldtohelpme.7.Thisistheverything_Iamafter.8.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_werememberedatschool.9.Heistheonlyman_candothework.10.Thisisthefirstthing_Iwanttosay.11.Heisthefinestman_Ihaveeverworkedwith.thatthattha
13、tthatthatthat【达标检测】用where,which,when,whose填空1.Dorothyalwaysspokehighlyofherroleintheplay，ofcourse,_madetheothersunhappy.2.Ishallneverforgetthedays_Ilivedinthecountrywithmyparents.3.Thefactory_hisbrotherworksliesinthesouthofthecity.4.Theytookcareoftheoldman_sonlosthislifeinthefire.whichwhenwherewhose
14、Correctthesentences:5.Imgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme.6.ThosethathaventbeentotheWestLakewillgatherattheschoolgate.whowhich7.Thereasonwhyheexplainedsoundsreasonable.which8.Thedatewhenhetoldmewasthe5thAugust.which/that9.Abankistheplace_theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbegi
15、nstorain.【2011浙江,10】A.whenB.thatC.whereD.there【解析】选C。句意：银行是一个晴好天气借给你雨伞而雨天又要回雨伞的地方。此处空格处在语句中作地点状语，所以选择关系副词where；A项表示时间，B项为关系代词，D项不能作关系词。10. The days are gone _physical strength was all you needed tomakealiving.【2011天津,10】A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which【解析】选A。句意：体力是你生存所需的日子一去不复返了。days为先行词，在句子physicalstreng
16、thwasallyouneededtomakealiving中作时间状语，相当于onthedays,故用关系副词when来替换。that和which是关系代词，在句子中作主语，宾语和表语，where是关系副词，表地点。11.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction_hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.【2011江西,34】A.forwhichB.withwhichC.ofwhichD.towhich【解析】选C。句意：她带领游客参观了那个建造工程花费了超过三年时间的博物馆。先行词为museum，在从句中充当定语，博物馆的建造工程花费了超过三年的时间用介词of。
