《chpater5language》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《chpater5language（35页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Language直接引语与间接引语直接引语与间接引语direct speech & reported speech direct speech and reported speechWhat are they talking?“Mom, I want to play outside” the baby cat said.The baby cat said that he wanted to play outside.The little boy said that his grandma looked very young and healthy.“ Grandma, you look ver
2、y young and healthy.” the little boy said.“Do you think the book is interesting?” the boy in blue asked.The boy in blue asked if he thought the book was interesting.“What is the next performance?” the host asked.The host asked what the next performance was.“Be relaxed and perform well.” the hostess
3、said.The hostess told the boy to be relaxed and perform well.定义定义A.直接引述别人的话，叫直接引述别人的话，叫 “直接引语直接引语”。B.用自己的话转述别人的话，叫用自己的话转述别人的话，叫“间接引语间接引语”。间接引语间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语直接引语一般前后要加引号，一般前后要加引号，间接引语间接引语不用引号。不用引号。例如：例如：约翰说：约翰说：“我喜欢看故事书。我喜欢看故事书。”（直接引语）（直接引语）John said， “I like reading story books.”
4、约翰说他喜欢看故事书。约翰说他喜欢看故事书。（间接引语）（间接引语）John said that he liked reading story books.他说：他说：“我的我的名字叫李明。名字叫李明。”He said， “My name is Liming.”他说他说他他的名字是李明。的名字是李明。He said that his name was Liming. 直接引语的句式直接引语的句式 引导词引导词 陈述句陈述句 that(that(口语常省略）口语常省略） 一般疑问句一般疑问句if if 或或whether whether （两个人两个人或两个物用或两个物用whetherwheth
5、er ) ) 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句原句中的特殊疑问词不变原句中的特殊疑问词不变 祈使句祈使句 ask sb. to do sth. tell sb. to do sth. order sb. to do sth.1.Angela said, “I love to be a contestant. Angela said that she loved to be a contestant 直接引语引号内中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称。直接引语引号内中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称。 2.“You should be more careful next time, ”my father told
6、 me. My father told me that I should be more careful the next time. 3.She said to her son, “Ill check your homework tonight. ” She said to her son that she would check his homework that night. 直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称换为第一人称 直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第
7、三人称说的，转换成第三人称转换成第三人称。 -Practice:1.The hostess said, “ you have won the big prize.2.“You can telephone the police,” I told him.3.“I havent brought my dictionary,” the student said.4.He said,” I have left my resume in your room.”The hostess said (that) I had won the big prizeI told him that he could t
8、elephone the police.The student said (that) he hadnt brought his dictionary.He told me that he had left his resume in my room一般疑问句 if / whether (两人或物）1.John asked, “ Did you see him yesterday?”2.He asked me, “ Do you like tea or coffee?”John asked if/ whether I had seen him the day before.He asked m
9、e whether I liked tea or coffee.Practice:1.He asked ,”Is everything ready?”2.“can you understand me?” she asked.3.“do you know what to do? ,”the teacher asked the students. 4.He asked, “are you a student or a teacher? He asked if/ whether everything was ready.She asked me if/ whether I could underst
10、and her.The teacher asked the students if they knew what to do.He asked whether I was a student or a teacher.特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词不变1.John asked, “ What is your Chinese name?”2.He asked me, “ Why didnt you go to school?”3.The director asked, “ who wants to be on TV?” John asked what my Chinese name was.He ask
11、ed me why I hadnt gone to school.The director asked who wanted to be on TV. Practice:1.The head teacher asked ,”why are you late for class?”2.“who is the man?” she asked.3.“how many students are there in the classroom?” the teacher asked.4. “ where has you been in the summer holidays” he asked.The h
12、ead teacher asked why I was late for class.She asked who the man was.The teacher asked how many students there are in the classroom.He asked where I had been in the summer holidays.祈使句祈使句 1.“Please raise your hand.” The teacher said.2.“Go up on the stage.” The director told Angela.3.Dont use your ha
13、irdryer too much. The hairdresser said to me. The teacher asked us to raise our hand. The director told Angela to go up on the stage. The hairdresser told me not to use my hairdryer too much. ask sb. to do tell sb. to do order sb. to do Practice:1.” Calm down and relax.“ the director said to Angela.
14、2.“Be quite”， the monitor said.3.Turn on the computer for us.” the teacher said to him.4. “ Please enjoy the wonderful TV show.” The host said to the audience.The director asked Angela to calm down and relax.The monitor told us to be quite.The teacher asked him to turn on the computer for us.The hos
15、t told the audience to enjoy the wonderful TV show.She said, “Ill finish the work this morning.”He said, “Its nine oclock now.”He said, “I havent seen her today.”She said, “I went there yesterday.”She said, “Ill go there tomorrow.”She said, “He leftt 30 minutes ago.”（二）状语及（二）状语及某些对某些对比性的指示代词比性的指示代词的
16、变化的变化Chang the following direct speech into indirect speech.She said that she would finish the work that morning.He said that it was nine oclock then.He said that he hadnt seen her that day.She said that she had gone there the day before.She said that she would go there the next day.She told me that
17、 he had left 30 minutes before.Summarize:状语变化有其内在规律状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语由时间状语由“现在现在”改为改为“原来原来” ;指示代词由指示代词由“此此”改为改为“彼彼” .时时间间now today yesterday tomorrow last week (month) next year two days ago then that day the day before the next (following) day the week (month) before the next yeartwo days before 地点状语：
18、地点状语： here there 指示代词指示代词 this these that those 动词：动词： come bring go take Practice:Chang the following sentences into indirect speech.She said, “I wont go there any more. He said, “This will be finished tomorrow. ” Paul said, “I visited China last year. ” He said, “My sister was here one week ago.”S
19、he said she wouldnt come here any more. He said that would be finished the next day. Paul said he had visited China the year before. He said that his sister had been there one week before.(三三)时态的转换时态的转换 She said. We hope so.”She said they hoped so. She said. I have lost a pen.”She said she had lost
20、a pen She said. He will go to see his friend.”She said he would go to see his friend. He said， “Im using the knife.”He said that he was using the knife.He said， “I had finished my homework before supper.”He said that he had finished the homework before supper.n时态的变化时态的变化Direct speech（直接引语） 一般现在时一般现在
21、时 一般将来时一般将来时 一般过去时一般过去时 现在进行时现在进行时 现在完成时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时 过去进行时过去进行时 Indirect speech（间接引语）一般过去时过去将来时过去完成时过去进行时过去完成时不变直接引语改为间接引语时，直接引语改为间接引语时，主句主句中的中的谓语动词谓语动词如果是如果是过去时过去时，从句从句(即间接引语部分即间接引语部分)的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，原则是把直接引语的时态推后一个过去时原则是把直接引语的时态推后一个过去时 Summarize:Summary1.转述他人的陈述转述他人的陈述陈述句陈述
22、句 She asked me what I was doing.1) He said , “Im going to Beijing.” He said that he was going to Beijing.2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?” He asked me if /whether I was a doctor.3) She said , “What are you doing?”2. 转述他人的疑问转述他人的疑问一般疑问句一般疑问句3. 转述他人的问题转述他人的问题特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 5. 注意地点的变化注意地点的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注
23、意的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1. 注意时态的变化注意时态的变化2. 注意人称变化。注意人称变化。3. 注意指示代词的变化注意指示代词的变化4. 注意时间的变化注意时间的变化6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化注意个别趋向动词的变化Practice1. He wont mind. Im sure. Im sure that he wont mind.2. Can I try it on? I asked the shopkeeper. I asked the shopkeeper if/whether I could try it on.3. Im working hard on my
24、 Chinese. Please tell Mr. Hu. Please tell Mr. Hu that Im working hard on my Chinese.4. Smoking is bad for our health. We all know. We all know that smoking is bad for our health.5. Has the train left? Can you tell me? Can you tell me whether/if the train has left?6. Is there a hospital nearby? I don
25、t know. I dont know if/whether there is a hospital nearby.7. Do you need any help? She asked. She asked if /whether we needed any help.I. 选用适当的引导词填空选用适当的引导词填空:Which, who, whom, when, where, how, why, whose, whether/if, that 1.They teacher asked Tom_ she was waiting for.2. Li Ping asked me _ I didnt
26、come to her Birthday Party yesterday.3. The shopkeeper asked _ kind of sweater her daughter would like.4.Do you know _ dictionary this is?whowhywhatwhoseII. Choose the correct answer.1.Its foggy today. I cant find out _ its a man _a girl.A. if; and B. that; and C. either, or D. whether, or2. Could y
27、ou tell me if he _ to Beijing?A. has gone B. had gone C. went D. go3. He told me _ she would catch the early bus.A. which B. whether C. why D. that4. Mrs. White asked me _ I would go with him.A. what B. which C. whether D. that5. He says _ Jim will like the present.A. that B. if C. whether D. when6.
28、 I dont know _the shoes _cheap enough. A. if , are B. where, was C. that, was D. if, wasDADCAA7. Can you tell me why _ yesterday?A you didnt come B. did you not comeC. didnt you come D. you dont come8. He said that they _ Beijing.A. have been to B. had gone to C. have gone to D. has gone to9. He tol
29、d me he _ me with my maths.A. will help B. to help C. would help D. is helping10. Jack isnt sure _students there are in his class.A.how many B. what C. which D. whether11. I dont believe he is from England,_?A.do I B. isnt he C. is he D. dont I12. Tell me_!A.what is the matter B. what the matter isC
30、. what wrong is D. what the trouble isACACABIII. 完成句子完成句子.He asked _.(谁是你们班上年纪最大的谁是你们班上年纪最大的)2. She wondered _ (哪张画是你的哪张画是你的)3. The little boy asked _.(哪颗星离地球最近哪颗星离地球最近.)4. Im not sure _(明天我们是否开班会明天我们是否开班会.)5. They said _( 我们的排球队会赢我们的排球队会赢.)6. I dont know _ (昨天谁去钓鱼了昨天谁去钓鱼了) 7. He said _ (他把包放在操场上他把包
31、放在操场上)8. Please tell me _ (你叫什麽名字你叫什麽名字)9. I dont know _(他几岁了他几岁了)10. Its said _(明天要下雨明天要下雨)who was the oldest in your class.which picture was yourswhich star was the nearest to the earth if well have a class meeting tomorrowour volleyball team would winwho went fishing yesterday.he had left the bag on the playgroundhow old he iswhat your name isits going to rain tomorrow
