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1、 重难点精讲专题十四专题十四 复合句复合句考点一考点一 宾语从句宾语从句考点二考点二 定语从句定语从句考点三考点三 状语从句状语从句考考点点1 1 宾宾语语从从句句（20122012年年2929题题，20102010年年3030题，题，20092009年年2828题）题） 重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录构成规则构成规则例句例句连连接接词词连接词连接词that引导由引导由陈述句变来的宾语陈述句变来的宾语从句。从句。I know (that) hes a teacher. 我知道他是一名老师。我知道他是一名老师。that.and/but that.引导由并列或引导由并列或转折关系的陈述句转折
2、关系的陈述句变来的宾语从句。变来的宾语从句。I hear that your father is a singer and your mother is a dancer. 我听说你爸爸是一名歌手，我听说你爸爸是一名歌手，你妈妈是一名舞者。你妈妈是一名舞者。连连接接词词连词连词if或或whether引导引导一般疑问句、反意疑一般疑问句、反意疑问句或选择疑问句变问句或选择疑问句变来的宾语从句。来的宾语从句。Could you tell me if/whether it snows in winter in Australia? 你你能告诉我澳大利亚冬天下能告诉我澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？雪吗？连接由代
3、词、副词连接由代词、副词（即疑问词）引导的（即疑问词）引导的特殊疑问句变来的宾特殊疑问句变来的宾语从句。语从句。Please tell me how you go to school. 请告诉我请告诉我你怎么去学校。你怎么去学校。语语序序宾语从句要用陈述句宾语从句要用陈述句语序。语序。Do you know where Tom lives? 你知道汤姆住你知道汤姆住哪儿吗？哪儿吗？重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录时时态态如果主句为一般如果主句为一般现在时，则宾语现在时，则宾语从句时态不受限从句时态不受限制，根据实际情制，根据实际情况使用所需要的况使用所需要的时态。时态。I hear Joa
4、n left for Beijing yesterday. 我听说琼昨天去北京了。我听说琼昨天去北京了。I hear Joan has left for Beijing. 我听说琼已经去北京了。我听说琼已经去北京了。I hear Joan will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 我听说琼明天将去北京。我听说琼明天将去北京。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录时时态态如果主句为一如果主句为一般过去时，则般过去时，则宾语从句的时宾语从句的时态只能用过去态只能用过去的某种时态。的某种时态。Kate said she was watching TV this time yes
5、terday. 凯特说她昨天这个时候在看电凯特说她昨天这个时候在看电视。视。Kate said she was going to school soon. 凯特说她很快要去学校。凯特说她很快要去学校。Kate said she had seen the film before. 凯特说她之前看过这部电影。凯特说她之前看过这部电影。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录时时态态如果宾语从句为客如果宾语从句为客观真理或普遍事实，观真理或普遍事实，则用一般现在时。则用一般现在时。Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun. 胡老师说地球绕着太阳胡老师
6、说地球绕着太阳转。转。如果宾语从句是由如果宾语从句是由whenwhen引导的从句或引导的从句或带有时间状语的从带有时间状语的从句，则句，则whenwhen引导的引导的从句或时间状语从从句或时间状语从句中的时态不变。句中的时态不变。The teacher wanted to know when the girl was born. 这位老师想知道这个这位老师想知道这个女孩是什么时候出生的。女孩是什么时候出生的。Tom said he had worked here since he left school. 汤姆说他自从离校后就在这汤姆说他自从离校后就在这里工作。里工作。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回
7、目录返回目录时时态态如果宾语从句中含有过如果宾语从句中含有过去具体的年、月、日时，去具体的年、月、日时，则其时态保持不变。则其时态保持不变。I heard Lucy was born in 1986. 我听说露西是我听说露西是19861986年出生的。年出生的。宾语从句的口诀宾语从句三注意，时态、语序、引导词。宾语从句三注意，时态、语序、引导词。从句时态主句定，从句时态主句定， 陈述语序要牢记。陈述语序要牢记。 主句一般现在时，从句时态随句义。主句一般现在时，从句时态随句义。主句若是过去时，主从时态要一致。主句若是过去时，主从时态要一致。宾从表达是真理，客观真理仍现在。宾从表达是真理，客观真理
8、仍现在。 引导词也不难，陈述句引导词也不难，陈述句thatthat可省略。可省略。碰到特殊疑问句，碰到特殊疑问句， 疑问词来担此任。疑问词来担此任。 重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录【现学现用现学现用】1. （1212衡阳衡阳2929题题）-Can you guess _yesterday?-Sorry, Ive no idea about it.A. when did he come backB. when he came backC. how long he came back B重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录2. （1010衡阳衡阳3030题题）-Sally, whats wr
9、ong with your computer? -I dont know . Maybe I need to get someone to check it.A. whats wrong B. what was wrong C. what wrong is 3.（0909衡阳衡阳3030题题）Could you tell me ？A. when will the work be finishedB. why did you make so many mistakesC. how you solved the problem C重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录 A4. Yesterday m
10、y physics teacher told us that .A. light travels faster than soundB. light travelled faster than soundC. light would travel faster than sound5. Who can tell me when ?A. the telephone is inventedB. the telephone was inventedC. is the telephone invented A B重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录6. Do you know _yesterday?Y
11、es, he went to the airport to meet his friend. A. where does he go B. where he goesC. where he went7. After the exam, well have a long vacation.Yes, but I havent planned .A. what I will do B. what will I doC. when I will do it8. There is no difference between the two sweaters, so I really dont know
12、.A. which choose one B. which to choose oneC. which one to choose C C A重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录9. Can you tell me _to travel to Dalian?About two hours by plane.A. how much it costs B. what I should takeC. how long it takes 10. Could you tell me ?By searching the Internet.A. how you got the informationB. w
13、hy you got the informationC. how did you get the information11. I dont know_ Apple iPhone 4s.A. what is she so crazy aboutB. why she is so crazy aboutC. how she is so crazy about C A B重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录考考点点二二 定定语语从从句句(2013年年29题题，2012年年35题，题，2010年年26题，题，2009年年27题题) 在在复复合合句句中中作作定定语语，修修饰饰主主句句中中某某一一名名词词
14、或或代代词词的的从从句句，叫叫作作定定语语从从句句。被被定定语语从从句句所所修修饰饰的的词词叫叫先先行行词词，通通常常位位于于定定语语从从句句之之前前。引引导导定定语语从从句句的的是是关关系系代代词词that, which, who, whom, whose和和关关系系副副词词when, where, why。关关系系代代词词或或关关系系副副词词位位于于先先行行词词和和定定语语从从句句之之间间，它它既既起起连连接接作作用用，又又充充当当从从句句中中的的一个成分。一个成分。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录关系词关系词 作用作用先行先行词词 例句例句that
15、，who主语、主语、宾语、宾语、表语表语人、人、物物Do you know the girl who/that often comeshere? 你你认认识识那那个个经经常常来来这这儿的女孩吗？儿的女孩吗？whom，that宾语宾语Hes the boy(whom/that)I talked with just now. 他他就就是和我刚才谈话的男孩。是和我刚才谈话的男孩。which/ that主主语、语、宾宾语语人、人、物物 A dictionary is a book that/which gives the meaning of words. 字典是给出单词意思的一本书。字典是给出单词意
16、思的一本书。whose定定语语人、人、物物The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard.这这个个男男孩孩学学习习非非常常刻刻苦苦，他他爸爸爸爸是是医医生。生。The room whose window is open is mine. 开着窗户的那个房间是我的。开着窗户的那个房间是我的。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录when状状语语时间时间 I still remember the day when you left for Beijing. 我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。where状状语语地点地点 Thi
17、s is the school where my mother works. 这就是我妈妈工作的那个学校。这就是我妈妈工作的那个学校。why状状语语原因原因 Could you explain the reason why you were late? 你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗？你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗？重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录定语从句的口诀定语从句的口诀主句型、从句型，两种句子要完整。主句型、从句型，两种句子要完整。从句紧跟先行词，系词引导要弄清。从句紧跟先行词，系词引导要弄清。定人用定人用whowho或或whomwhom，定物，定物whichwhich当先用。当先用。 关系
18、代词关系代词thatthat能，定人定物有本领。能，定人定物有本领。定时间要用定时间要用whenwhen，定地点，定地点wherewhere能行。能行。关系代关系代/ /副词作成分，唯有宾语可以省。副词作成分，唯有宾语可以省。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录【现学现用现学现用】12. （1313衡衡阳阳2929题题）I love the school _ I have studied in for three years.A. where B. when C. that13. （1212衡衡阳阳3535题题）John is the boy _legs were badly injured
19、in the accident.A. whose B. that C. who14. （1010衡衡阳阳2626题题）Barack Obama is the U. S. president _speeches are really exciting.A. whose B. who C. his A A A重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录15.（ 0 09 9衡衡 阳阳 2727题题 ） The magician_played magic tricks in last years CCTV Spring Festival Gala is Liu Qian. He is popular in
20、China now.A. whose B. who C. which16. I can never forget the stories_ my grandma told me.A. what B. that C. them17. The girl _catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to get married. A. whom B. which C. who18. Home is the place _ you can get love.A. where B. which C. that B B C A重难点精讲重难点精讲返
21、回目录返回目录19. Tony, tell me the result of the discussion_ you had with your dad yesterday.A. what B. which C. who20. The treatment will continue until little John reaches the point _he can walk correctly and safely.A. when B. where C. which21. There are several research centers in China _a certain dise
22、ase called Bird Flu is being studied.A. which B. where C. when B B B重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录考点三考点三 状状语语从句从句 衡衡阳阳中中考考对对状状语语从从句句的的考考查查多多和和从从属属连连词词结结合合在在一一起起，以以考考查查状状语语从从句句中中的的从从属属连连词词为为主主。此此处处只只对对常常见见的的几几种种状状语语从从句句进进行行简简单单讲讲解解，具具体体详详见见从从属属连连词词的的讲讲解。解。类别类别连词连词例句例句时间时间状语状语从句从句when/while/as当当 时时; ;since自自从从（到到
23、现现在在）; ;until/till 直直到到; ;as soon as 一一就就I was doing my homework when he came. 他进来的时候我在他进来的时候我在做作业。做作业。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录条件条件状语状语从句从句if 如果如果Well go to see you if we are free. 如果我们有空的话我们就去看如果我们有空的话我们就去看你。你。原因原因状语状语从句从句because 因因为；为；since 既既然；然；as 由于由于Since everyone is here, lets begin the meeting. 既然
24、大家都到了，就开始会议既然大家都到了，就开始会议吧。吧。目的目的状语状语从句从句so that 以便；以便；为了为了Please speak slowly so that we can follow you. 请说慢点以便我们能跟上。请说慢点以便我们能跟上。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录结果状结果状语从句语从句so that结果是结果是; ; so/such.that.如此如此以至以至于于We got up so late that we missed the early bus. 我们起床如此晚以至于我我们起床如此晚以至于我们错过了早班车。们错过了早班车。让步状让步状语从句语从句alt
25、hough/though尽管尽管The air is around us, though we cant see it. 虽然我们看不见空气，但虽然我们看不见空气，但其实它就在我们身边。其实它就在我们身边。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录比较比较状语状语从句从句than 比比;as.as.和和一样一样； not so/as.as.不如不如It was much better than Id expected. 比我预想的要好得多。比我预想的要好得多。方式方式状语状语从句从句as 像像, ,如如We did as the teacher told us. 我们按照老师说的做。我们按照老师说的
26、做。地点地点状语状语从句从句where 哪里哪里Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。有志者，事竟成。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录 注注意意：英英语语中中有有些些时时间间和和条条件件状状语语从从句句必必须须遵遵循循“主主将将从从现现”原原则则，即即主主句句为为一一般般将将来来时时态态时时，它它所所引引导导的的状状语语从从句句使使用用一一般般现现在在时时表表达达将将来来的的意意味味，这这时主句和从句所表达的时态在意义上仍然保持一致。时主句和从句所表达的时态在意义上仍然保持一致。 常常见见的的应应使使用用“主主将将从从现现”原原则则的
27、的连连词词有有：表表示示时时间间的的when, while, after, before, until, till, whenever, as soon as, as long as, once 等等；表表示条件的示条件的if, unless, so long as, in case等。等。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录【现学现用现学现用】22. , they were very happy.A. Though they have no moneyB. Though they had got fine clothesC. Although they were very poor23. I
28、 want to know when Mr. Brown will arrive.When he , I will tell you.A. will arrive B. arrived C. arrives C C重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录【易混点易混点1】宾语从句用法宾语从句用法We want to know _to help them.A. what can we do B. what we can do C. how can we do 【点点拨拨】B 考考查查宾宾语语从从句句用用法法。宾宾语语从从句句用用陈陈述述句句语语序序，据据此此排排除除A、C项项。在在“what we
29、can do”结结构构中中，what作作宾宾语语。若若用用“how we can do”结结构构，则则此此结结构构中中do缺宾语。故选缺宾语。故选B。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录【易混点易混点2】定语从句用法定语从句用法The policeman caught the thief _has stolen Mr. Lis computer.A. which B. whose C. who【点点拨拨】C 考考查查定定语语从从句句用用法法。先先行行词词the thief指指人人，不不能能用用which。本本句句先先行行词词在在宾宾语语从从句句中中作作主主语语，而而whose在在宾宾语语从从句句中中作作定定语语，只只有有who可可在在定定语语从从句句中作主语。故选中作主语。故选C。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录【易混点易混点3】状语从句用法状语从句用法You will achieve nothing _you work hard.A. if B. unless C. when【点点拨拨】B 考考查查状状语语从从句句用用法法。句句意意为为: :如如果果你你不不努努力力，你你就就会会一一事事无无成成。if如如果果；unless除除非非（如如果果不）；不）；when当当时。故选时。故选B。重难点精讲重难点精讲返回目录返回目录
