《高考英语语法名词》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语语法名词（11页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、名词要点精讲名词要点精讲 名词是高考的热点和难点。从语法和词汇两个方面来考察名词是高考的热点和难点。从语法和词汇两个方面来考察其用法，在单项选择、完形、改错中都可感知高考中名词其用法，在单项选择、完形、改错中都可感知高考中名词的考查点。的考查点。一一.名词的分类（重点在于分清可数名词和不可数名名词的分类（重点在于分清可数名词和不可数名 词及词类）词及词类）二二.名词的数名词的数：I.可数名词的复数形式 1.规则变化规则变化说说明明词词尾的加法尾的加法例例词词一般情况一般情况加加-sboots ,houses以以s, x, ch结结尾尾加加-eswatches, brushes（N：stomac
2、hs）多数情况下加多数情况下加es(以以辅辅音字母加音字母加o结结尾尾)tomatoes, potatoes, heroes以以o结结尾尾外来外来词词或或缩缩略略词词或以或以oo结结尾的尾的词词，加，加sphotos, pianos, zoos以以y结结尾尾以以辅辅音字母加音字母加结结尾，尾，变变y为为i，加加esstories, factories元音字母加元音字母加y 结结尾，直接加尾，直接加stoys, boys变变f 或或fe 为为v,加加esknives, wives, leaves以以f或或fe结结尾尾 直接加直接加sroofs, beliefs, proofs两种方法均可两种方法
3、均可handkerchiefs, handkerchieves2.不规则变化不规则变化A改变元音字母：改变元音字母：tooth-teeth, goose-geeseB变词尾变词尾:child-children, ox-oxenC单复数相同：单复数相同： sheep, deer ,fish ,Chinese D. 合成词：合成词： sister-in-law复数为复数为sister-in-laws man doctor复数为复数为men doctors passer-by 复数为复数为passers-by Englishman复数为复数为EnglishmenE. 只有复数形式的词。只有复数形式的
4、词。clothes, trousers , shoes, shorts, goods ,glassesF. 形式上为复数，但意义却是单数的词：形式上为复数，但意义却是单数的词：news, politics, mathsG.形式上为单数，意义上却是复数的词：形式上为单数，意义上却是复数的词：people, cattle, policeII不可数名词：一般没有单复数之分，包括抽象名词，不可数名词：一般没有单复数之分，包括抽象名词，物质名词和专有名词。一定要认清不可数名词物质名词和专有名词。一定要认清不可数名词,以免误用。以免误用。三三.名词词类的转化。这是高考的命题热点。名词词类的转化。这是高考的
5、命题热点。1物质名词转化为可数名词。物质名词转化为可数名词。He prefers coffee to tea. (泛指的咖啡，不可数泛指的咖啡，不可数)-What would you like to drink?-A coffee, please. （一杯咖啡）（一杯咖啡）Longjing is a famous tea in China.(茶的种类茶的种类, 可数可数)2.抽象名词转化为可数名词。抽象名词转化为可数名词。Failure is the mother of success. (失败与成功在此为抽象概念）失败与成功在此为抽象概念）As a teacher , she is a su
6、ccess, but as a mother, she is a failure because she devotes little time to looking after her child(成功者，失败者，可数成功者，失败者，可数)Many people agree that_ knowledge of English is a must in_ international tradetoday.A. a; 不填 B. the; an C. the, the D. 不填; the (A)四四.名词的名词的格格属格属格形式形式应应用用场场合合举举例例用在表示有生命的名用在表示有生命的名
7、词词后后Tom and Mikes room(两人共有两人共有)Toms and Mikes rooms(两人分两人分别别所有所有)用在用在时间时间名名词词后后three weeks leave, todays papers属格属格用在距离用在距离,长长度名度名词词后后twenty miles journey用在地点名用在地点名词词后后Chinas industry用在天体名用在天体名词词后后the earths surface用在价格名用在价格名词词后后a dollars worthof属格属格用在表无生命事物名用在表无生命事物名词词后后the door of our classroom双重
8、双重属格属格名名词词前有前有a, some, any, few, no, several等等词词修修饰时饰时a friend of my brothers several classmates of his五五.名词功用中定语的用法。名词功用中定语的用法。1有些名词没有相同意义的形容词形式有些名词没有相同意义的形容词形式,因此常因此常 直接以该名词作为定语，来修饰另一名词。直接以该名词作为定语，来修饰另一名词。 letter box信箱信箱, mathematics students 数学专业的学生数学专业的学生2名词修饰名词用单数形式。名词修饰名词用单数形式。 street lights 街
9、灯街灯 phone books 电话簿电话簿高考高考题选1.My parents always let me have my own _of living. (1999.上海上海25) A. way B. methodC. manner D. fashion2.The new law will come into _on the day it is passed. (1999上海上海) A. effectB. use C. service D. existence3.We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into _.(NMET1
10、997 38) A. factB. reality C. practice D. deed 4.Weve missed the last bus. Im afraid we have no _but to take a taxi. (MET1993,33) A. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection5.He dropped the _and broke it . (Met 1993, 38) A. cup of coffee B. coffees cup C. cup for coffeeD. coffee cup6.Heres my card.
11、Lets keep in _. (NMET1994 ,33)A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship7.He gained his _by printing _of famous writers.(NMET1995,40)A. wealth; work B. wealths ; works C. wealths; work D. wealth; works8.Ill look into the matter as soon as possible , just have a little _.(MET 1996 ,10)A. wait B
12、. time C. patience D. rest9.If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to leave a _.(NMET1997,18)A. message B. letter C. sentence D. notice10.These football players had no strict _until they joined our club. (1997.上海上海 20)A. practice B. education C. exercise D. training11.Many countries are
13、increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of _.(1996.上海上海.15) A. energy B. source C. power D. material12.Youll find this map of great _in helping you to get round London. (NMET 1998 21) A. price B. cost C. value D. usefulness13.We all know that _speak louder than words. (1999.上海上海 24)A. movements B. performances C. operations D. actions
