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1、联考阅读理解补充讲义联考阅读理解补充讲义讲义一理解作者使用的写作手法和目的理解作者使用的写作手法和目的掌握常考的写作目的，记述，说明，议论，描述以及写作手法，如例证，定义，类比，比喻以及对比等。narration, explanation, argumentation, description illustration, definition, analogy, simile/metaphor, contrast 1.Most of us compare ourselves with anyone we think is happier-a relative, an acquaintance,
2、 or often, someone we barely know. I once met a young man who struck me as particularly successful and happy. He spoke of his love for his beautiful wife and their daughters, and of his joy at being a radio talk-show host in a city he loved. I remember thinking he was one of those lucky few for whom
3、 everything goes effortlessly right. Then we started talking about the Internet. He blessed(祝福） its existence, he told me, because he could look up information on multiple sclerosis(硬化症）-the terrible disease afflicting his wife. I felt like a fool for assuming nothing wrong existed in his life. 学会评价
4、所读内容学会评价所读内容 学会从学会从语义角度语义角度辨识辨识语句功能语句功能，理顺阅读思路。，理顺阅读思路。 从语义角度辨识和理解从语义角度辨识和理解 定义，解释，观点，事实，结论，推理，定义，解释，观点，事实，结论，推理， 解题的思路就会清晰。解题的思路就会清晰。3. A quality education is the ultimate liberator. It can free people from poverty, giving them the power to greatly improve their lives and take a productive place in
5、 society. It can also free communities and countries, allowing them to leap forward into periods of wealth and social unity that otherwise would not be possible.(2002) 分类分类4. Actually, two basic approaches lead to the 4. Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information.discove
6、ry of new information. One, aimed at One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposes, for instance knowledge for specific purposes, for in
7、stance improving health, raising standards of living, or improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new consumer products.creating new consumer products. In this case In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred
8、 to as applied science. approach is referred to as applied science. 归纳归纳5. The word “emergency” implies the unusual.( 语义特点） But when daily life itself is an emergency（概念变化） , the concept loses its meaning. It is human nature to try to adapt to that which we cannot change. Or to mislead ourselves int
9、o believing we can adapt. （从人与客观世界的关系角度说明）描写描写6. With only about 1000 panda left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. Thats a move similar to what a Texas A&M University researcher has been undertaking for the past five years in a project cal
10、led “Noahs Ark.”报道报道7. “The nuclear transfer of one species to 7. “The nuclear transfer of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available another is not easy, and the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem.” panda eggs could be a major problem.” Kraemer believes. “They
11、will probably have to Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy. It takes a long time and its difficult, pregnancy. It takes a long time and its difficult, but this could be groundbreaking scien
12、ce if it but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort.” pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort.” Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Kraemer, who is one
13、of the leaders of the Missy-Missy-plicityplicity Project at Texas A&M, the first- Project at Texas A&M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog. ever attempt at cloning a dog. 猜测猜测8. Consider fire insurance, Fire Insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. （The following could be the advanta
14、ges the people can get from selling such)Insurance, ensure, assure 预测预测 9. The End of Science provoked a wave of 9. The End of Science provoked a wave of denunciation(denunciation(谴责）谴责） in the United States last year. in the United States last year. “The reaction has been one of complete shock and
15、“The reaction has been one of complete shock and disbelief,” Mr. disbelief,” Mr. ElorganElorgan says. says. The real question is whether any remaining unsolved The real question is whether any remaining unsolved problems, of which where are plenty, lend themselves problems, of which where are plenty
16、, lend themselves to universal solutions. If they do not, then the focus of to universal solutions. If they do not, then the focus of scientific discovery is already narrowingMore scientific discovery is already narrowingMore scientists are now alive, spending more money on scientists are now alive,
17、 spending more money on research than ever. Yet most of the great discoveries of research than ever. Yet most of the great discoveries of the 19th and 2nd centuries were made before the the 19th and 2nd centuries were made before the appearance of state sponsorship when the scientific appearance of
18、state sponsorship when the scientific enterprise was a fraction of its present size. enterprise was a fraction of its present size. 首先提出问题，首先提出问题， 然后作者做出预测，以理服人。然后作者做出预测，以理服人。9. Were the scientists who made these discoveries brighter than todays? That seems unlikely. A far more reasonable explanatio
19、n is that the fundamental science has already entered a period of diminished returns.学会预测下文可能发生的事情学会预测下文可能发生的事情2. Mr. Gretz calculates that if solar energy only provided three percent of the EECs needs, this could still produce a saving of about a billion pounds in the present bill for imported ener
20、gy each year and he believes that with the possibility of utilizing more advanced technology in this field it might be possible to satisfy much bigger share of the Communitys future energy needs. Question: The Question: The application of advanced application of advanced technologytechnology to rese
21、arch and development in to research and development in solar energysolar energy _. _. A. would lead to a big increase in research A. would lead to a big increase in research funding funding B. would make it unnecessary to import oil. B. would make it unnecessary to import oil. C. would make it possible to meet the future C. would make it possible to meet the future energy needs of the EEC energy needs of the EECD. would provide a much greater proportion of D. would provide a much greater proportion of the Communitys future energy needs. the Communitys future energy needs.
