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1、Revision定语从句的基本结构定语从句的基本结构:先行词先行词+关系词关系词+ 定语从句定语从句定语从句的相关概念定语从句的相关概念1.定语从句定语从句2.先行词先行词3.位置位置4.关系词关系词关系代词：关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that 等等关系副词：关系副词：when, where, why等等Grammar定语从句定语从句专题二专题二一一. 由关系副词由关系副词when, where, why 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句1. 基本用法基本用法 定语从句除可用关系代词引导外，还定语从句除可用关系代词引导外，还可用关系副词可用关系副词when, wh
2、ere与与why来引来引导，它们的区别是：导，它们的区别是：when用于指用于指时间时间，where用于指用于指地点地点，why用于指用于指原因原因。when, where, why 在定语从句中均用在定语从句中均用作作状语状语。 e.g. 1980 was the year when he was born. 1980是他的出生年。是他的出生年。 This is the town where I was born. 这就是我出生的城市。这就是我出生的城市。 These are the reasons why we do it. 这些就是我们这样做的理由。这些就是我们这样做的理由。 2. 先行
3、词问题先行词问题关系副词关系副词why的先行词通常只是的先行词通常只是the reason(s)。关系副词关系副词when的先行词是表示的先行词是表示时间时间的名词的名词(如如the day, the days, the time, the year等等)关系副词关系副词where的先行词是表示的先行词是表示地点地点的名的名词词(如如the place, the house, the factory, the station等等)Exercises1.The doctor came at the time _ we needed him most.2.This is the place _ I
4、 lived five years ago.3.I dont know the reason _ he hasnt arrived here.whenwherewhy3. 一点注意一点注意 注意注意不要不要以为在时间名词后就以为在时间名词后就一定一定用关系用关系副词副词when，在地点名词后就一定用关系副词，在地点名词后就一定用关系副词 where，在表示原因的，在表示原因的the reason后就一定用后就一定用关系副词关系副词why。 到底选用关系副词还是关系代词，到底选用关系副词还是关系代词，关键关键是是看它们在定语从句中是用作看它们在定语从句中是用作状语状语(用关系副词用关系副词)还是
5、用作还是用作主语或宾语主语或宾语(用关系代词用关系代词) . 1.We visited the factory_ my father works.2.We visited the factory_ they visited last week.wherethat/ which 作地点状语作地点状语作宾语作宾语区别区别1.Thats the reason _ he explained to us. 2.Thats the reason _ she left home.Exercisesthat / which 作宾语作宾语Why作状语作状语4. 一个错点一个错点 英语中的关系副词主要是英语中的关
6、系副词主要是 when, where, why三个。不要想当然地将三个。不要想当然地将how用作关系副词修饰用作关系副词修饰the way。 以以the way为先行词的定语从句通常为先行词的定语从句通常that或或in which 引导引导,常可省略常可省略,但不能用但不能用when, where或或 why引导引导.This is the way how he spoke.( )This is how he spoke.( )This is the way (that /in which) he spoke. ( )TFhow引导的是表语从句引导的是表语从句Thow 不是关系副词不是关系副
7、词,不能引导定语从句不能引导定语从句作方式状语作方式状语,可省略可省略判断判断 二二. 引导定语从句的引导定语从句的关系副词关系副词可以可以用用 “介词介词+关系代词关系代词”替换替换.e.g. I will never forget the day when I first met her. We know the place where our teacher lives. Do you know the reason why she was so sad? = on which= in which= for which 1. “介词介词+关系代词关系代词”的用法的用法“介词介词+whom
8、” 指人指人 “介词介词+which” 指物指物 “介词介词+whose+名词名词” 既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物 1.The house in which we live is not large.2.This is the teacher from whom weve learnt a lot .3.Mr. Li is the man in whose factory my father works.4. She came into the house on whose wall there was picture. 指人指人 指物指物 指人指人 指物指物 2. “介词介词+关系代词关
9、系代词”结构中的结构中的介词介词的选定的选定 .根据根据从句中动词从句中动词与与先行词先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?.根据根据先行词先行词与与介词介词的习惯搭配的习惯搭配, , 请体会请体会: :e.g. I still remember the day on which I first came to this school. 根据上文的意义根据上文的意义,按需要来选择按需要来选择.Exercises1.This is the book _which I
10、 spent 8 yuan. _which I paid 8 yuan. _ which I learned a lot. _ which there are few new words.onforfromin _which they are talking. about 2.This is the river_which there is a factory. _ which there is a boat. _ which a bridge was built. _ which we often have a walk.alongoveronby3. 注意及特例注意及特例定语从句中含有介词
11、的固定习语一般不定语从句中含有介词的固定习语一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等等.e.g. This is the watch for which I am looking.( ) FThis is the watch which I am looking for.( )T介词前置时介词前置时,关系词只能用关系词只能用which 或者或者 whom, 不能用不能用who或或that.e.g. The man with that / who you talked just now
12、is my neighbor.( ) FThe man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor.( )TExercises一一. .用关系副词填空用关系副词填空. .1.Ill never forget the day _ I went to university.2.I have found a peaceful place _ we can study.3.Please tell me the reason _ you missed the plane.4.This is the school _ I used to study. when
13、wherewhywhere二二. . 用用“介词介词+ +关系代词关系代词”填空填空 . .1.Is this the reason _ _ he was late?2.Dont bring the children to see the animals _ _ they are afraid.3. The man _ _ you talked is my father.4. I dont like the way _ _ you spoke to me.5.This is the teacher _ _ I borrowed the book .for whichof which with whomin whichfrom whomPage71 Part 2
