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1、Unit 2Reading 1Language points 1. Claire didnt want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her to be harmed. 克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里, 特别特别是在她丈夫离家三周的这个期间。但是在她丈夫离家三周的这个期间。但是克莱尔被拉里说服了。他说是克莱
2、尔被拉里说服了。他说, 机器人机器人不会伤害她不会伤害她, 也不会让别人来伤害她也不会让别人来伤害她。 点拨点拨 该句是一个由该句是一个由but连接的并列连接的并列句。第一个分句包含一个句。第一个分句包含一个as引导的引导的原因状语从句原因状语从句, 说明克莱尔不愿让说明克莱尔不愿让机器人留在家里的原因机器人留在家里的原因; but之后的之后的句子的主干为句子的主干为Larry persuaded her。 persuade后面是双宾语后面是双宾语: her充当充当间接宾语间接宾语, that引导的宾语从句充引导的宾语从句充当直接宾语。还要注意在该宾语从当直接宾语。还要注意在该宾语从句中的句中
3、的not . or . 的意思是的意思是“既既不不也不也不”。1) persuade sb. to do sth.=persuade sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事说服某人做某事persuade若用于过去式,是指劝说成若用于过去式,是指劝说成功功, 若劝说不成功,就不应用若劝说不成功,就不应用persuaded,而应用,而应用tried to persuade或或advised. She tried to persuade/advised his husband to give up smoking, but failed.她曾劝说她丈夫戒烟她曾劝说她丈夫戒烟, 但失败了
4、。但失败了。2. Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot. 1) to be offered是不定式的被动是不定式的被动式式, 在宾语从句中作真正的主语在宾语从句中作真正的主语, it是形式主语。不定式的被动式是形式主语。不定式的被动式可在句中作多种成分可在句中作多种成分, 是高考的是高考的热点之一。热点之一。考例考例1 The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _. (浙江浙江2007)A. to be
5、heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 点拨点拨 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事,努力做某事,又因又因I 与与hear之间构成逻辑上的被动之间构成逻辑上的被动关系,所以用不定式的被动式,故选关系,所以用不定式的被动式,故选A。考例考例2 It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness _. (江江西西2006) A. to make B. to be made C. making D. being made 点拨点
6、拨 根据根据“It takes / took (sb.) + 一段时间一段时间+ to do sth.” 可排除可排除C、D, 再根据再根据make与与connection构成动宾关构成动宾关系系, 所以用不定式的被动式所以用不定式的被动式, 故选故选B。考例考例3 Energy drinks are not allowed _in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand. (上海上海2006)A. to make B. to be made C. to have been made D. to be making 点拨点拨 allow sb
7、. to do sth. 允许某人允许某人做某事做某事,又因又因make与与energy drinks构构成动宾关系成动宾关系, 用不定式的被动式用不定式的被动式; 再再根据句意说的是一般情况根据句意说的是一般情况, 无完成含无完成含义义, 故选故选B。 3. elegant 优雅的,高雅的优雅的,高雅的an elegant vase 别致的花瓶别致的花瓶an elegant gentleman 举止文雅的绅士举止文雅的绅士4. pile 堆堆a pile of=piles of=a lot of堆积如山的堆积如山的I have a pile of work to do this evenin
8、g.今晚我有一大堆工作要做今晚我有一大堆工作要做。5. or rather或者说,准确地说或者说,准确地说What I want is the truth, or rather a series of truth. 我需要的是事实我需要的是事实, 准准确地说是一系列事实。确地说是一系列事实。6. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. 当她转过身去时当她转过身去时, 格拉雷斯格拉雷斯克拉芬克拉芬站在那里。站在那里。 turn around同同turn round 转过身转过身 1) 与与turn有关的短语有关的短语: turn ba
9、ck 折回折回, 翻回翻回 turn in 上交上交turn down 拒绝拒绝, 调小调小/低低turn out 结果是结果是; 生产生产turn on 开开(灯等灯等)turn off 关关(灯等灯等)turn up 出现出现;到达到达2) there stood. 此句为此句为存在存在结构结构,常用于这种结构的动词有常用于这种结构的动词有stand, seem to be, happen to be, be likely to be, live, come, enter, lie等等 There happened to be nobody in the room.7. By the am
10、used and surprised look on her face, Chaire knew that Gladys thought she was having an affair. After all, she knew Claires husbands name was Larry, not Tony. 从她脸上惊奇的表情判断从她脸上惊奇的表情判断, 克莱尔克莱尔知道拉迪斯认为她有外遇知道拉迪斯认为她有外遇, 毕竟她毕竟她知道她丈夫的名字是拉里知道她丈夫的名字是拉里, 而不是而不是托尼。托尼。1) by prep. 此处相当于此处相当于according to根据根据,按照按照By
11、my watch it is two oclock.by的用法:的用法:v “到到.时为止时为止”, 其后若其后若跟过去跟过去时间时间,时态多用过去完成时时态多用过去完成时 By the age of 15, he had taught himself advanced maths. 到到15岁时岁时,他就自学完了高等数学。他就自学完了高等数学。v表示时间时表示时间时, 还有还有“在在期间期间,不不迟于迟于”的意思。的意思。 I have no idea why he often sleeps by day. 我不知道他为什么我不知道他为什么常在白天睡觉。常在白天睡觉。 vby 作为介词和副词
12、作为介词和副词,意思还有意思还有“在在附近附近,在旁边在旁边, 经经, 由由, 依据依据, 通过通过, 用用, 以以方式方式”等。等。 There is a small table by the bed. 在床边有一张小桌子。在床边有一张小桌子。 Please let me by. 请让我进去。请让我进去。2) affair暖昧关系暖昧关系, 事情事情, 私通私通Dont mind ones own affaires/business.别管闲事!别管闲事!have an affair with sb.跟某人有不正当的男女关系跟某人有不正当的男女关系She was having an affai
13、r with someone who has a wife (有妇之夫有妇之夫).Its not my affair. 这不关我的事。这不关我的事。8. Tony told her and suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. 点拨点拨 该句是一个由该句是一个由and(第一个第一个and)连接的并列句连接的并列句。第二个分句包含一个。第二个分句包含一个that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句, th
14、e night before . 在句中作时间状语。还要注意的是在句中作时间状语。还要注意的是suggest意为意为“建议建议”, 后接宾语从句后接宾语从句时,从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气时,从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气, 即即“(should +)动词原形动词原形”。 考点考点 was to leave和和was to return是过是过去将来时,表示按计划或安排将要发生去将来时,表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。的事。 考例考例 In a room above the store, where a party _, some workers were busily setting the table
15、. (湖南湖南2006)A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held 解析解析 根据根据“some workers were busily setting the table”可知聚会尚未举行可知聚会尚未举行, 要要用将来时用将来时, 又因整个句子用了过去时又因整个句子用了过去时, 故故选选A。9. firm稳固的稳固的, 坚实的坚实的as firm as a rock坚如磐石坚如磐石a firm faith坚定的信念坚定的信念a firm foundation牢固的基础牢固的基础10. She crie
16、d out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didnt want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. 她大叫一声她大叫一声“托尼托尼”, 然后听到托尼一然后听到托尼一本正经地说本正经地说, 第二天他不想离开她第二天他不想离开她, 而而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。 点拨点拨 该句的主句包含两个并列的谓语该句的主句包含两个并列的谓语, 即即cried和和heard。declare后接两个后
17、接两个that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句, 其中第一个宾语从句其中第一个宾语从句中的中的that可以省略。可以省略。more than 新课程新课程11 1). 后面跟名词后面跟名词, 意为意为“不只是不只是, 不仅不仅仅是仅是”。 Kate was more than a teacher. She also did what she could to take care of her pupils. 凯特不凯特不仅仅是位教师仅仅是位教师,她还尽其所能照顾她还尽其所能照顾她的学生。她的学生。Think and compare.Modern science is more than a lar
18、ge amount of information. 现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息。现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息。My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing. 我去北京不仅仅是观光。我去北京不仅仅是观光。2) more than与数词与数词连用连用, 意思是意思是“多于多于,大于大于, 超过超过”。 I have known him for more than twenty years. 我认识他已超过二十年了。我认识他已超过二十年了。 More than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the acci
19、dent happened. 十多位警察十多位警察出现在出事地点。出现在出事地点。3) more than与形容词和分词与形容词和分词连用连用,表示表示“非常、十分非常、十分”。 They were more than happy to see us come back from the expedition. 看看到我们远征而归到我们远征而归, 他们异常高他们异常高兴。兴。I am more than happy to accept your invitation. 我很高兴接受你的邀请。我很高兴接受你的邀请。4). more than与动词连用与动词连用,对动词起对动词起着加强语气的作用着
20、加强语气的作用。 Repeated advertising will more than increase product sales. 多多次做广告意味着增加产品的销售。次做广告意味着增加产品的销售。5) more than和含有情态动词的句和含有情态动词的句子连用子连用,有否定意义有否定意义,表示表示“是是难以难以”或或“超过了超过了所能所能”之义。之义。 The beauty of the village is more than I can describe. 我难以描述那个山村的美丽。我难以描述那个山村的美丽。This problem is more than a child can
21、 settle. 这一问题超出了小孩的解决能力。这一问题超出了小孩的解决能力。6) no more than意思是意思是“仅仅仅仅,不不过过,只是只是”。 All his education added up to no more than one year. 他接受的所有的学校教育只有一他接受的所有的学校教育只有一年。年。 Their new flat has no more than 60 square meters. 他们的新居只有他们的新居只有60平方米。平方米。7). not more than表示表示“至多至多,不超不超过过” Lying on the ground was a s
22、choolboy of not more than seventeen. 躺在地上的那个男学生最多十七岁。躺在地上的那个男学生最多十七岁。11. You cannot have women falling in love with machines. 你不能让妇女爱上机器吧。你不能让妇女爱上机器吧。 现在分词作宾语补足语的用法现在分词作宾语补足语的用法: 现在分词作宾语补足语表示的是现在分词作宾语补足语表示的是一个正在持续或进行的主动动作一个正在持续或进行的主动动作, 即句中的宾语和现在分词之间是即句中的宾语和现在分词之间是主主动关系动关系, 分词所表示的动作和谓语动词所分词所表示的动作和谓语
23、动词所表示的动作同时发生表示的动作同时发生,且分词表示且分词表示的动作处于持续状态。常用的可的动作处于持续状态。常用的可以用现在分词作宾语补足语的动以用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有两类:词有两类:1) 表示感觉的动词表示感觉的动词,如如see, hear, watch, find, feel, smell, observe, notice, look at, listen to等。等。2) 部分使役动词部分使役动词,如如have, keep, get, catch, leave, set等等 Can you hear her singing the song in the next room?
24、 He kept the car waiting at the gate. 注意注意: 现在分词主动式作宾补表现在分词主动式作宾补表示一个正在进行的主动动作示一个正在进行的主动动作,不定不定式主动式作宾补表示动作的全过程式主动式作宾补表示动作的全过程或即将发生的主动动作或即将发生的主动动作。 I heard him playing the piano in the next room. Now let me hear you play the piano a second time.Homeworkv1. 完成活页作业(三)完成活页作业(三)v2. 预习语法预习语法 不定式不定式的被动语态的被
25、动语态 II.II.根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。成英语。 1. 我们还不准备投入生产我们还不准备投入生产, 因为机因为机器还没有完全检验完。器还没有完全检验完。(test out) We are not ready to go into production yet, because the machines have not been fully tested out.2. 请稍等一会请稍等一会, 我立刻给经理打电我立刻给经理打电话看看他是否在办公室。话看看他是否在办公室。(ring up) Please wait a moment; I will r
26、ing up the manager immediately to see if he is in the office.3. 李平听到身后有响声李平听到身后有响声, 便转过身便转过身来来, 但什么也没发现。但什么也没发现。(turn around) Li Ping turned around when he heard a noise behind him but found nothing. 4. 一宣布运动会开幕一宣布运动会开幕, 全校师生全校师生欢呼雀跃。欢呼雀跃。(declare) The moment the sports meet was declared open, the w
27、hole school cheered.5. 为什么你只管你自己的事而不管为什么你只管你自己的事而不管我啊我啊? (leave . alone) Why do you just mind your own business and leave me alone?6. 等公共汽车的时候等公共汽车的时候, 我习惯浏览一我习惯浏览一下报纸。下报纸。(scan) I am used to scanning the newspaper when I am waiting for the bus.7. 这些天这些天, 装满垃圾的塑料袋在装满垃圾的塑料袋在街上逐渐堆了起来。街上逐渐堆了起来。(pile up
28、) Plastic bags full of rubbish have been piled up in the street gradually these days.8. 为了让别人听见为了让别人听见, 海伦不得不大海伦不得不大声喊以使自己的声音超过音乐声喊以使自己的声音超过音乐声。声。(make oneself +宾补宾补) To make herself heard, Helen had to shout so that her sound was above the sound of the music.9. 我向他提议我们用另一种方我向他提议我们用另一种方式处理这个问题。式处理这个问题。(suggest) I suggested to him that we (should) deal with the problem in another way.